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动词不定式作主语的三种方式

动词不定式作主语的三种方式

动词不定式作主语的三种方式

I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如:

①To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

②To get up early is necessary.早起是必要的。

II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语,而把真正的主语———动词不定式(短语)放在后面。如:

①It's not easy to work out the problem.计算出这道题不容易。

②It is interesting to play with snow in winter.冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

it作形式主语时,有三种情况:

1)常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语,一般用for短语来表示,即for sb.to do sth.(其中sb.就是to do的逻辑主语)。如:

It's important for us to keep the water clean.保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。

[注意]for不能用of来代替,因为不能说:Y ou are important.

当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,则不用for,而用of(sb.to do sth.)。如:

It's very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。

(可以说:Y ou are very kind.)

2)有时也接名词作表语。如:

It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。

3)it作形式主语时,还常用于“It takes(took /will take)sb.some time(money)to do sth.”句型中。如:

①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。

②It will take us a long time to walk there.步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。

III.动词不定式与疑问词how,what,when,where,which等连用构成不定式短语,也可作主语。如:

①How to use the computer is the question.如何使用计算机是个问题。

②Where to go has not been decided.去哪儿还没有定下来。

【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。

1.It's important you walk after supper.

A.of;to B.for;of C.to;to D.for;to

2.It's very kind you help me.

A.to;of B.of;to C.for;to D.to;to

3.To make friends with them nice.

A.is B.are C.be D.does

4. the meeting has not been discussed yet.

A.Why to hold B.Where to C.When to hold D.Which to

(Keys:1—4 DBAC)

动词不定式作主语的三种方式

动词不定式作主语的三种方式 I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如: ①To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 ②To get up early is necessary.早起是必要的。 II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语,而把真正的主语———动词不定式(短语)放在后面。如: ①It's not easy to work out the problem.计算出这道题不容易。 ②It is interesting to play with snow in winter.冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 it作形式主语时,有三种情况: 1)常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语,一般用for短语来表示,即for sb.to do sth.(其中sb.就是to do的逻辑主语)。如: It's important for us to keep the water clean.保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 [注意]for不能用of来代替,因为不能说:Y ou are important. 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,则不用for,而用of(sb.to do sth.)。如: It's very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。 (可以说:Y ou are very kind.) 2)有时也接名词作表语。如: It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 3)it作形式主语时,还常用于“It takes(took /will take)sb.some time(money)to do sth.”句型中。如: ①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。 ②It will take us a long time to walk there.步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。 III.动词不定式与疑问词how,what,when,where,which等连用构成不定式短语,也可作主语。如: ①How to use the computer is the question.如何使用计算机是个问题。 ②Where to go has not been decided.去哪儿还没有定下来。 【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。 1.It's important you walk after supper. A.of;to B.for;of C.to;to D.for;to 2.It's very kind you help me. A.to;of B.of;to C.for;to D.to;to 3.To make friends with them nice. A.is B.are C.be D.does 4. the meeting has not been discussed yet. A.Why to hold B.Where to C.When to hold D.Which to (Keys:1—4 DBAC)

动词不定式用法归纳

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英语中的动词不定式

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It's very kind / nice of you to help me。感谢你的帮助。 当表语形容词说明不定式具有某种特征时,应使用 "It's ...for sb. to do sth."。例如: It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中国学生学俄语是很难的。 [高考题例] 1. Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. It was foolish ________ you to give up what you rightly owned. A. for B. of C. about D. from II. 不定式作宾语 1. 学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握四种动词: 1) 后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: offer, decide, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2) 后接V-ing形式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: enjoy, mind, suggest, advise, finish, practise, imagine, admit, avoid, delay等。

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(完整版)省略to的动词不定式用法归纳

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动词不定式用法小结

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(完整word版)动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式,它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是:not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外,其他成分都可作。如:主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意:不定式之前的to(又称为小品词)与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格,或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语;而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用,一般可归类为三种基本用法:作名词,作形容词,作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用,在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语

名词用法的不定式和名词一样,可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意:在It is… to…”的句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式;使用这种结构,可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数,所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外,不定式作主语的句子,同时有另外一个不定式作表语时,不能转换成“It is… to…”的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为:It is to believe to see. 2.作表语

初中英语动词不定式及动名词总结

初中英语动词不定式及动名词总结(八年级) 一、后跟动词不定式结构 1.agree to do sth 同意做… 2.decide to do sth 决定做… 3.hope to do sth 希望… 4.need to do sth需要… 5.offer to do sth 主动… 6.plan to do sth计划… 7.can’t wait to do 迫不及待…8.continue to do sth继续… 9.try (one’s best) to do 尽力…https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0713540687.html,ed to do sth过去常常… 11.feel lucky to do sth 做某事很幸运12.ask sb to do sth叫某人做 13.want (sb)to do sth 想要(某人)…would like 14.encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做… 15.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做… 16.remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做… 17.send sb to do sth 派某人做… 18.It’s +形+for sb +to do sth 做某事对某人来说怎么样 19.It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间 20. too+形+to do 太…而不能… 21. 形+enough + to do 足够…可以做… 22.不定式可以作表语 My job\dream is to do 23.不定式可以作定语a good way\place to do sth 做某事的好方法 24. 不定式可以表目的 To get good grades, I must study hard 二、后跟动名词形式

英语动词不定式

英语动词不定式 对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”等表示未来的动词。同样与不定时表示不同的动词不定式表示正在进行,一般性或经常发生性的行为。 定义 (语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请) It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生 在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为:动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。

详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不定式的五种“式” 不定式根据其发生的时间不同以及所处的状语的不同,可以有一般式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式,同时根据它与逻辑主语的关系的不同,可以有主动式和被动式。如下表: 一、不定式一般式的用法 1. 表示未发生的动作 即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。如: I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。 I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。 The doctor advised me to take a complete rest. 医生建议我完全休息。 2. 表示同时发生的动作 即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。如: Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的?(say与heard几乎同时发生) I?m sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。(to hear 略先于am sorry) 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系,而是表示一种情况或现象。如: Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。 None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。 二、不定式进行式的用法 1. 表示同时进行

即表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。如: He seems to be following us. 他似乎在跟着我们。 He pretended to be looking for a book. 他假装在找书。 I happened to be looking out of the window when they arrived. 他们到达时我碰巧正向窗外望去。 2. 表示将来 正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样,不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。如:You are lucky to be going by air. 你挺幸运的,能乘飞机走。 He was happy to be coming home. 就要回家了他感到高兴。 I happened to be going that way. 我恰好也是到那里去。 I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out. 我答应在门口一直 等到他出来。 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系,而是表示一种情况或现象。如: I noticed that he seemed to be smoking a lot. 我发现他似乎烟瘾很大。 Just to be doing something was a help. 做点事是有益处的。 You are too young to be meeting young men. 你太小,不能交男朋友。 三、不定式完成式的用法 1. 表示比谓语动作更早的动作 即不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如: I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。 They are said to have left London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。 I happened to have driven that kind of car before. 碰巧我过去曾开过那种汽车。 I?m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。 2. 表示比某特定时间更早的动作 即表示在某个特定的时间之前已完成的动作。如: I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。

动词不定式、动名词专项练习

不定式、动名词专项练习 一、单项选择: 1.Would you please tell me _______ next? A.A. how to do B. what to do C. what do I do D. how I should do 2.The girl wasn't _______ to lift that bookcase. A.A. too strong B. enough strong C. strong enough D. so strong 3.For a time his grandmother found _______ accept his new idea. A.A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4.As she has never been there before, I'll have someone _______ her the way. A.A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5.You _______ drive slowly. The roads are wet. A.A. had rather B. would rather C. had better D. would better 6.Nothing can make the brave soldier _______ his country. A.turn against B. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to 7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor _______ a job. A.A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 8.When learning a foreign language, try our best _______ the spirit of it. A.A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9.It was foolish _______ his car unlocked. A.for him to leave B. of him to leave C. for him leave D. him to leave 10.Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. will put back 11.Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _______ in front of his soldiers. A. hear B. be heard C. listen D. be listened to 12.Television and radio _______ to know what is going on all over the world. A. made it possible of us B. have made us possible C. have made it possible for us D. have made it be possible for us 13..I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry _______. A. for leaving B. to leave C. if leaving D. to have left 14.I don't see how I could possible manage _______ the work without _______. A. to finish; helping B. to finish; being helped C. finishing; helping D. finishing; being helped 15.We all think it most foolish _______ this mistake. A. for you making B. of you to make C. you to make D. for you to make 16.Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _______. A. a good place which to be lived in B. a good place to live C. a good place to live in D. a good place to live for 17.— You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you? —Yes, we were and had to stop _______ the way.

动词不定式(基础讲解)

动词不定式 【概念引入】 1. 动词不定式名言: (1)动词不定式作表语 To lose is to learn. 失败就是学习。 (2)动词不定式作主语 It is better to give than to take. 给予比接受更好。 (3)不定式作宾语 Expect to be treated as you have treated others. 你怎样待别人,就指望别人怎样待你。 (4)不定式作宾补 Adversity causes some men to break,others to break records. 逆境使一些人崩溃,也使一些人破记录。 (5)不定式作定语 There is a time to talk and a time to act. 该说的时候说,该做的时候做。 (6)不定式作目的状语 To find the exact answer,one must first ask the exact question. 要找到确切的答案,首先必须提出确切的问题。 2. 动词不定式定义: 动词不定式是一种非谓语形式(不能作谓语),基本形式是to do形式(to是不定式符号的标志,无意义,可以不翻译) 肯定式:to + 动词原形 否定式:not to + 动词原形 【用法讲解】 1.动词不定式的特征 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分(主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语);动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时还保持动词的某些特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语,动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 2. 动词不定式在句子中的作用 动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 (1)动词不定式作主语。例如: To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。 To teach English is my favorite. 教英语是我的爱好。 It's my pleasure to help you. 很乐意帮助你。 (2)动词不定式作宾语。 某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语,这些动词有decide, begin, help, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask等。例如: I like to help others if I can. 如果有可能的话,我喜欢帮助别人。 I want to buy a new car when I have enough money. 我有钱时想买一辆新车。

英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式

英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式。当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的对象,即是一种动宾关系时,不定式用被动形式。当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的执行者,即是一种主动关系时,不定式用主动形式。 在某些情况下,不定式虽然与所说明的人或物是动宾关系,但仍用主动形式。这种不定式主动形式表示被动意义的情况主要有下列几种: 一、当不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系,又与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时,该不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。例如: I have a meeting to attend. 我有个会议要参加。(to attend与I有主谓关系) Give him some books to read. 给他一些书看。(to read与him有主谓关系) 如果不属于上述情况,则表示被动意义时仍需要用被动形式。试比较下面两句: 1. Have you anything to do this afternoon? 你今天下午有事要做吗? 2. Have you anything to be taken to the city (by me or someone else) ? 你有什么东西要带到城里去吗? 句1中主语you与不定式to do存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,to do实际上指的是you的动作,所以用主动形式表示被动意义;而句2中主语you与不定式to take不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,不定式所指的并非是you的动作,所以仍要用被动形式to be taken表示被动意义。 二、当不定式在"There be..."句型中用作定语修饰主语而表示被动意义时,一般情况下,既可以用主动形式,也可以用被动形式。在口语中用主动形式的时候更多一些。例如: There is no time to lost (to be lost). 时间紧迫,不能耽误了。 There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of). 还有好多事要处理。 但是应该注意以下两点: (1)如果不定式结构加了"for sb."表示的逻辑主语,那么用主动形式或被动形式则须视sb. 是其动作的发出者或承受者而定。例如: There are still many questions for us to discuss. 我们还有许多问题要讨论。

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