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高中英语必修4 - Unit 2单元训练及解析

Unit 2

(时间：30分钟满分：35分)

Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

1．My sister，________ for months to find a job as a teacher, finally took a position in Wenzhou Daily.

A．struggling B．struggled

C．to struggle D．having struggled

答案D[考查非谓语动词。struggle与my sister之间是主动关系，且有for months可知struggle这一动作已经存在一段时间，故应用现在分词的完成式作状语，修饰my sister。句意：我的妹妹努力了好几个月想找一份教师的工作，但最终在温州日报谋得了一个职位。] 2．The policemen were searching for the lost girl in the mountain for a whole night，________. A．coldly and hungrily B．cold and hungrily

C．cold and hungry D．coldly and hungry

答案C[考查形容词作状语。形容词作状语，用来对句子的主语、宾语、表语等所处的状态进行说明。cold and hungry相当于and they were cold and hungry。句意：整整一个晚上，警察都在大山里搜寻那个失踪的女孩，他们又冷又饿。]

3．— I'll help you prepare for the party on Wednesday.

— Please don't________.My sisters have promised to help me.(2017·河北衡水中学高三期末) A．promise B．annoy C．bother D．disturb

答案C[考查动词词义辨析。promise答应；承诺；annoy使恼怒；使生气；bother费心；麻烦；disturb妨碍；打搅。由句意“……请不必费心，我的姐妹们已经答应来帮我了”可知应选C项。]

4．— As a weight-lifting athlete, Thomas is indeed too large, I think.

— But________that, he is still one of the best athletes at present.(2017·江苏南通市高三调研) A．in case of B．in spite of

C．thanks to D．in response to

答案B[考查短语辨析。A项意为“万一；以防万一”；B项意为“尽管如此”；C项意为“幸亏；由于”；D项意为“对……响应；反应”。句意：……但尽管那样，他目前还是最优秀的运动员之一。]

5．Troubled by a terrible headache, Catherine wondered how she could________herself of the bad situation.

A．throw B．remove C．move D．rid

答案D[考查动词词义辨析。throw仍；投；remove搬开；挪开；move移动；搬动；rid 去掉；除掉。rid sb of sth“给某人去掉某物”。句意：受到严重的头痛病的困扰，凯瑟琳不知

道她怎样才能摆脱这一恶劣的状况。]

6．—What do you think of last Friday's charity pop concert, Tim?

—It was a great success as a whole.Actually we________with half of the money collected. A．would have been satisfied

B．were satisfied

C．would be satisfied

D．will be satisfied

答案A[考查虚拟语气。由句意“……事实上，我们能筹得一半的钱我们就很满足了。”可知应是对已经发生的事情的相反的假设，故应选A项。]

7．—She looks upset.

—Yes, I'd rather I________her the bad news.(2017·吉林一中高三摸底)

A．didn't tell B．don't tell

C．hadn't told D．wouldn't tell

答案C[考查would rather的用法。would rather意为“宁愿”，其后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，如果是对现在、将来的虚拟则用动词的一般过去时，如果是对已经发生的事情的虚拟，则动词需用过去完成时结构。句意：——她看上去很难过。——是的，我真宁愿没有将那个坏消息告诉她。可知应是对已经发生的事情的虚拟，故选C项。] 8．Actually few young people like moon cakes, but________，we have to have some as it is a day for that.

A．anyhow B．somewhat

C．otherwise D．therefore

答案A[考查副词用法。anyhow无论如何；somewhat有点儿；稍微；otherwise否则；要不然；therefore因此；所以。句意：其实很少有年轻人喜欢月饼，但无论如何我们要吃点，因为今天就是这么个日子。]

9．________himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence.

A．Equipped B．Equipping

C．Having equipped D．Being equipped

答案C[考查非谓语动词。equip与句子主语the young man之间是主动关系。句意：在知识和技能方面都做好准备以后，这个年轻人就满怀信心的到就业市场求职了。可知equip这一动作应是发生在主句谓语动词went之前，故应选C项。]

10．—I regret________you that John has been fired.

—I can hardly believe my ears. He is such a fine worker.

A．telling B．having told

C．to tell D．to have told

答案C[考查regret用法。regret to tell/say/inform...很遗憾的告诉/说/通知……；regret doing sth后悔做了某事。由句意：“——我很遗憾的告诉你约翰被辞退了。——我几乎不能相信我的耳朵。他是那么好的一个工人。”可知应选C项。]

11．As these products are not selling________，the members of the board have decided to________production.

A．good; cut off B．well; cut back on

C．well; cut off D．good; cut back on

答案B[考查副词和动词短语用法。sell/wash/write/read well“好卖/好洗/(钢笔写字)好使/(书)好读”。cut back on意为“削减；减少”；cut off意为“切断；隔绝”。句意：由于这些产品销路不好，委员会成员已经决定要压缩产量。]

12．It is global warming, not other things________the extreme weather.

A．that have led to B．which has caused

C．which are causing D．that has led to

答案D[考查强调句和词义辨析。该句强调了句子的主语global warming, not other things，其谓语应与global warming保持一致，即应用单数形式；由强调句的基本结构可知应用that 而不用which。故选D项。句意：是全球气候变暖，而不是其他的事导致了极端天气的发生。] 13．While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made________discovery which completely changed________man's understanding of colour.

A．a; / B．a; the

C．/; the D．the; a

答案A[考查冠词用法。make a discovery “发现”；man's understanding of colour意为“人类对于颜色的理解”，是抽象意义的名词短语，其前不用冠词。句意：当牛顿在研究改进望远镜的方法时，他得到了一个彻底改变人类对于颜色的理解的发现。]

14．Now one of the most serious problems many people are worried about________on the lack of adequate housing space.(2017·太原五中学高三期中)

A．insists B．depends

C．agrees D．focuses

答案D[考查动词短语辨析。insist on坚持；depend on依靠；agree on(双方)同意；focus on 集中在；聚焦于。句意：现在很多人共同担忧的严重问题之一都集中在了适当居住空间的缺乏上。可知应选D项。]

15．The son promised to keep his parents________of how he was going on with his studies at college.

A．inform B．informing C．informed D．to inform

答案C[考查非谓语动词用法。句中包含了“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构；由搭配inform sb of sth(通知某人某事)可知，his parents与inform之间是被动关系，故应用inform的过去分词形式作宾补。句意：儿子答应他的父母让他们知道他在大学期间的学业进展情况。]

Ⅱ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

Drinking six to eight glasses of water each day is healthful，most health experts agree.But apparently not everyone is on the same page.A general practitioner from Scotland says that health advice is “thoroughly debunked nonsense” and is propagated by bottled water companies out to make a profit.In a commentary published online in the British Medical Journal，Margaret McCartney quotes experts that say drinking too much water can cause hyponatremia(low sodium levels in the blood)and expose people to pollutants.

Experts were quick to pounce on the commentary as being misleading.The article hadn't been peer-reviewed，pointed out Thomas Sanders，a professor from King's College London.Sanders wrote in a reply on the BMJ website：“Appropriate hydration is particularly important for the elderly and the very young and for most people it is better to obtain most fluid intake from water，whether bottled or tap water，than from other beverages.”

MacCartney focused on the more whacky(不同寻常的)claims made for water and appeared to cherry pick her references to make a story.While the headlines duke it out，it's worth offering as refresher—how much water do we need every day？The answer isn't cut and dry，says an article by the Mayo Clinic，and depends on your exercise level，health conditions and the heat and humidity of your environment.

In general，the Institute of Medicine recommends about nine cups of beverages for women and 13 cups for men.The Mayo Clinic offers another way to assess if you're getting enough H2O：“If you drink enough fluid so that you rarely feel thirsty and produce 1.5 liters(6.3 cups)or more of colorless of slightly yellow urine a day，your fluid intake is probably adequate.”

The issue of too much water surfaces among athletes，especially marathon runners.Hyponatremia(低钠血症)is a real concern when replacing the water lost during sweating—too much water，and the salt imbalance in the body can cause cells to swell with water，which is particularly dangerous for brain cells.Hyponatremia symptoms include confusion，nausea(恶心)and convulsions，according to MedlinePlus.It can also occur in the elderly and hospitalized patients.Some 3.2 to 6.1 million patients get hyponatremia each year，and the condition is associated with congestive heart failure and cancer.

【解题导语】本文是一篇科普文章：每天喝六到八杯水是健康的，大多数健康专家都认同这一点。但很明显的是，这并不适合所有人。

16．The underlined word “propagate” in the first paragraph refers to ________.

A．make widely known

B．bring up the children

C．carry from one place to another

D．argue against

答案A[猜测词意题。根据前文可知：每天喝六到八杯水是健康的，大多数健康专家都认同这一点。但很明显的是，这并不适合所有人。由此可知下文意思是：苏格兰的一位全科医师说这条健康建议“完全是胡说八道”，瓶装水公司对其进行大肆宣传以牟利。故画线部分的意思为宣传，正确答案为A。]

17．Thomas Sanders considered it important for people to get fluid intake ________.

A．from beer B．from beverages

C．from fruit juice D．from water

答案D[细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知：适量的水合物对于上了年纪的人和年轻人来说特别重要，大多数人最好从水中——不管是瓶装水还是自来水——而不是其他饮料中获得大部分液体摄取，故正确答案为D。]

18．According to Mayo Clinic，the consumption of water relies least on ________.

A．the heat and humidity

B．health conditions

C．exercise level

D．the height of people

答案D[细节理解题。根据文章第三段结尾可知：答案不是一刀切，这取决于你的锻炼水平、健康状况和你所处环境的湿热度。故正确答案为D。]

19．According to Institute of Medicine，women should drink ________.

A．the same amount water as men

B．a little more water than men

C．more than two-thirds of men's amount

D．only half men's water amount

答案C[细节理解题。根据第四段首句In general，the Institute of Medicine recommends about nine cups of beverages for women and 13 cups for men.可知：一般说来，医学研究所推荐女性每天喝9杯饮料，男性喝13杯饮料。由此可知正确答案为C。]

20．It can be inferred that Hyponatremia symptoms usually occurred to ________. A．marathon runners，the elderly and doctors in hospital

B．the elderly，patients in hospital and marathon runners

C．dash runners，the elderly and patients in hospital

D．marathon runners，the teenage and patients in hospital

答案B[细节理解题。最后一段谈到：运动员，尤其是马拉松运动员要喝更多水这个问题浮出水面。当出汗过程中替代水的流失——喝更多水时，低钠血症是一个真实的焦虑，身体内的盐平衡能导致细胞和水一起膨胀，这对于脑细胞来说尤其危险。根据MedlinePlus的信息，低钠血症的症状包括意识混乱、反胃和抽搐。它也会发生在上了年纪的人和住院的病人身上。由此可知正确答案为B。]

We all know that money can't buy happiness，but many times we act as if we were happier with a bit more money.We are conditioned to want to be rich(when we know the rich aren't happy either)；we are trained to want the latest gadget or style that television tells us to want；we want to earn more money because then we'll have a good life.

But none of them will bring us happiness.No matter how much we earn，no matter how much we have in the bank，no matter how nice our clothing or cars or toys，none of them will make us happier.And the sad thing is that it could take us decades to pursue wealth and luxurious items before we realize this.

So what will bring us happiness？Luckily，it's these three things that don't cost a thing.These three things have been proven by surveys of hundreds of thousands of people about what they have，what their lives are like，and how happy they are.

Here they are，the Three Secrets to Happiness：

1．Good relationships.We have a human need to be close to and to be intimate with other human beings.Having good and supportive friendships，a strong marriage or close and loving relationships with our family members will make us much more likely to be happy.

Action steps：Take time，today，to spend time with your loved ones，to tell them what they mean to you，to listen to them，and to develop your relationships with them.

2．Positive thinking.I'm obviously a big proponent of positive thinking as the best way to achieve your goals，and it turns out that it can lead to happiness too.Optimism and self-esteem are some of the best indicators of people who lead happy lives.Happy people feel empowered，take control of their lives，and have a positive outlook on life.

Action steps：Make positive thinking a habit.In fact，this should be one of the first habits you develop.Get into the habit of squashing all negative thoughts and replacing them with positive ones.Instead of “I can't”think“I can”．It may sound silly，but it works for me，every time. 3．Flow.This is a popular concept on the Internet these days—a state we enter when we are completely focused on the work or task before us.We are so buried in our task that we lose track of time.Having work and leisure that get you in this state of flow will almost undoubtedly lead to happiness.

People find greatest enjoyment not when they're passively mindless，but when they're absorbed in a mindful challenge.

Action steps：Find work that you have a passion for.Seriously—this is an extremely important step.Find hobbies that you have a passion for.Turn off the TV—this is the opposite of flow—and go outside and do something that truly engages you.

You've been given the Three Secrets to Happiness.Don't waste them!

【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者阐述了金钱和财富不会给人们带来幸福的观点，同时就如何得到幸福这个问题给我们提供了三个秘诀。

21．Which of the follwing is the most proper title of this passage?

A．The Secrets to Happiness B．What is happiness?

C．Money vs Happiness D．Who are happy?

答案A[标题归纳题。本文第三段中的第一句“So what will bring us happiness？”已点明了主题，最后一段中的“You've been given the Three Secrets to Happiness.”又再次点明主题。故选A。]

22．The writer expresses his ________ attitude towards money and wealth.

A．negative B．supportive

C．objective D．respective

答案A[作者态度推断题。根据第一段和第二段的内容可知，作者认为金钱和财富不会给我们带来幸福，更糟糕的是，往往是在追求金钱和财富几十年后我们才认识到这一点。A 项“否定的”符合题意。]

23．Which of the following doesn't belong to the advice given by the writer?

A．Being engaged in what you are interested in.

B．Having good relationships with others.

C．Watching TV.

D．Being optimistic about your life.

答案C[细节理解题。A、B和D项与作者给出的三条忠告正好相符，C项是作者不赞成做的。故选C。]

24．The underlined word“squashing” can be replaced by “________”．

A．removing B．scolding C．repairing D．reducing

答案A[词义猜测题。根据这一段的意思可知，作者劝我们养成积极思考的习惯，摒弃消极的态度，故squashing的意思应该是“removing”。]

25．The writer talks about happiness by means of ________ in this passage.

A．opinions and advice

B．facts and comparisons

C．examples and analysis

D．observations and conclusions

答案A[文章结构题。在第一段和第二段中，作者阐明了金钱和财富不会带来幸福的观点，然后又给我们提供了三个能给我们带来幸福的方法，故A项是最佳答案。]

写作素材集锦

单词

1．supportive支持的，给予帮助的

2．self-esteem自尊

短语

1．be conditioned to do sth习惯于做某事

2．be buried in专心致志于某事

3．lose track of与……失去联系

句子

1．No matter how much we earn，no matter how much we have in the bank，no matter how nice our clothing or cars or toys，none of them will make us happier.

不管我们挣多少钱，不管我们在银行存多少钱，不管我们的穿着、汽车或者玩具有多么漂亮，它们都不能使我们更加幸福。

2．Luckily，it's these three things that don't cost a thing.

幸运的是，正是这三件事情，不会让你花一分钱。

(完整word版)人教版高一英语必修二英语课文原文(2)

Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.

人教版高中英语必修二全册教案

Unit 1 Cultural relics I. 单元教学目标 II. 目标语言

II. 教材分析与教材重组 1. 教材分析本单元以cultural relics为话题，旨在通过单元教学使学生了解世界文化遗产，学会描述它们的起源，发展和保护等方面的情况，复习并掌握定语从句，能就如何保护和处理世界文化遗产给出自己的观点。 1.1 Warming up热身部分提供了四幅图片，设计了三个问题让学生交流对于cultural relic的了解，并就此进行讨论。这部分的目的是呈现本单元的中心话题“文化遗产”。 1.2 Pre-reading是Reading的热身部分，提供了ambers的图片并就此此设计了两个问题。这两个问题极易引起学生对amber的兴趣，并能引导学生对课文进行prediction。 1.3 Reading是关于寻找丢失了的普鲁士国王威廉一世送给俄罗斯沙皇的那个琥珀房子的建立、转让、被毁、重建的整个历史。设计这篇文章的目的是让学生了解什么是文化遗产以及讨论保护和重建文化从文化遗产的重要性和必要性。 1.4 Comprehending既有知识性的问题，同时又跳出了课文，对文章进行整体评价，由易到难，有较好的梯度，全面考查学生对文章的理解。Exercise 1将人物及相关事件匹配，检验学生对文章细节的理解；Exercise 2 将所给的问题与段落匹配，是段落大意理解题；Exercise 3安排了对于重建lost cultural relics的意义进行讨论，使得学生能对本单元的主题进行较为深入的探讨。 1.5 Learning about language 分Discovering useful words and expressions 和Discovering useful structures两部分。其中第一部分的Exercise 1着重训练对英语单词解释的理解。Exercise 2 着重词汇在短文中的用法练习。要求学生按所给的语境填入所需的词汇。Exercise 3 专练belong to的词义和用法。在Discovering useful structures 中，分为四个练习，从课文中出现的定语从句入手，让学生自主学习限定性定语从句及非限定性定语从句的联系和区别。再通过连句练习和造句练习来巩固本次所学定语从句的内容。 1.6 Using language分Reading and Listening、Speaking 及Reading and writing 三部分。以不同的学习形式：听、说、读、写，从不同的角度围绕本单元的目标

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