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英语八大时态

英语八大时态
英语八大时态

1.一般现在时

一般现在时的形式

是以动词的原形表示的,当主语为第三人称单数时,做谓语的动词原形后要加上词尾-s or -es, 其构成方式列表如下:

情况构成例词

一般情况词尾加-s Reads, writes

以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的词词尾加-es Teaches,washes,guesses, fixes, goes

以辅音字母+Y 结尾的词变Y为I,再加-es Tries, carries

一般现在时的功用

1. 表示一直发生的事情,经常发生的动作:

Nurses look after patients in hospitals.

Excuse me, do you speak English?

I get up at 8 o’clock every morning.

It often rains in summer in Beijing.

2. 表示客观事实或者真理:

Birds fly.

The earth goes around the sun.

3 表示相貌特征

2.一般过去时

一般过去时是表示在说话时间以前发生的动作或者状态的动词时态,它是英语时态体系中最重要的时态之一。

1) 一般过去时规则动词的构成形式:

规则动词在其原形后面加-ed:

to work-worked

以字母e结尾的规则动词,只加-d:

to love---loved

对所有人称均无词形变化。

否定式均由did not + 动词原形构成

I / you / he / she / they / we did not work.

疑问式均由did + 主语+ 动词原形构成

拼写注意:

情况变化例词

动词为单音节,以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾辅音字母双写,再加-ed

Stop-stoppedAdmit-admitted

以y结尾的动词,在y 前为辅音字母时Y 变为I ,加- ed Carry -carriedHurry -hurried 以y 结尾的动词,在y 前为元音字母时加-ed Obey-obeyedEnjoy---enjoyed

在英语当中有一部分动词的过去式变化形式是不规则的,这类动词被称为不规则动词。总数大概不过200多个,但是使用频率很高。主要分成三类:

1》第一类不规则动词的三种形式同形,如:

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hurt hurt hurt

shut shut shut

set set set

注意,有些动词的过去式与过去分词有两中形式,如:

bet bet / betted bet / betted

wed wed / wedded wed / wedded

wet wet / wetted wet / wetted

2》第二类不规则动词的过去式和过去分词同形,如:

bend bent bent

bring brought brought

catch caught caught

hide hid hid / hidden

get got got/ gotten(AmE)

lead led led

3》第三类不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同,如:

原形过去式过去分词

begin began begun

break broke broken

forbid forbade forbidden

grow grew grown

ring rang rung

wake woke / waked woken / waked

此外还有少数不规则动词的过去分词与原形相同,如:

come came come

become became become

run ran run

一般过去时的功用

1)表示一个没指明具体时间的过去的行动,如:

He worked in that bank for four years. (没说明起始时间,但是现在不在那里工作了)。They once saw Deng Xiaopin.

Did you ever hear BackStreet Boy sing?

2) 表示在过去特定的时间结束的行动,如:

When did you meet him?

I met him yesterday.

When we lived in Phoenix, we studied at Arizona State University.

Where have you been?

I’ve been to the opera.

Did you enjoy it?

3) 表示过去的习惯

He always carried an umbrella.

They never drank wine.

3.现在完成时

现在完成时由to have 的现在时+过去分词构成:

肯定式否定式疑问式否定疑问式

I have worked I have not worked Have I worked? Have I not worked?

You have worked You havenot worked Have you worked? Have you not worked?

He (she)has worked. He(she)has not worked. Has he(she) worked? Has he(she) not worked?

We(you / they) have worked. We (you / they) have not worked. Have we (you / they) worked? Have we (you / they) not worked?

紧缩形式

现在完成时的功用

现在完成时可以说成是兼有现在与过去意义的一种复合时态。它与现在有密切联系,如:

------Oh,dear, I’ve forgotten her name.

和现在的联系就是I don’t remember her name now.

------Fort has gone to Canada.

和现在的联系就是He is not here. He is in Canada now.

1) 表示延续到现在的动作(有时是总计做了多少次等)。

How many times have you been to the United States?

She really loves that film. She has seen it eight times.

Tom has lived in Now York all his life.

2) 表示开始与过去而在说话时刻结束的行动,如:

I haven’t seen you for ages. 我好久没见到你了。(说话时刻已经见到了)

This room hasn’t been cleaned for months. (也许从说话开始时刻就要打扫它了)

3) 表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,如:

The window has broken.

4) 和最高级连用,表示到现在为止是最……的

What a boring film! It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.

Is it a thick book?------Yes, it is the thickest book I’ve ever read.

5) 和句型This is the first time…, It’s the first time 连用,如:

This is the first time he has driven a car.

(相当于he has never driven a car before.)

Is this the first time you’ve been in hospital?

Professor Johnson has lost his passport again. It’s the second time he has lost it.

6) 和ever, never, yet, just, already 等副词连用,如:

Have you ever eaten French cheese?

We have never had a private car.

Has it stopped raining yet? (yet 表示期待雨停止)

Would you like something to eat?

No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch.

Don’t forget to mail the letter, will you?

I’ve already mailed it. (already 表示比预料的要快)

7)与since 连用,since 表示与某一时刻或从句连用,表示“从那一刻到说话时为止”,它总是与完成时连用,如:

She has been here since 6 o’clock.

He hasn’t been himself since the accident. (那次事故后,他从未完全康复)

Since I was a child I have lived in England.

一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

1)过去时仅仅表示过去,现在完成时还表示与现在的关系,如:

He has lost his key.

He lost his key.

2) 与现在无关的或者过去很久的历史事件不能用现在完成时

The Chinese invented printing.

Shakespear wrote Hamlet.

3)如果说明动作有特定的过去时间,就不能用现在完成时,如:

Did you see the film on television last night?

初中考英语八大时态总结

巧用英语时态表,掌握英语谓语形式 一、英语时态名称的记忆 二、英语时态形式的记忆:(以动词work为例) 可以分两个步骤记忆: 1、一般现在时: work(当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。) 现在进行时: be + working (be随主语人称和数的变化而变化。) 现在完成时: have + worked (have随主语人称和数的变化而变化,worked 是work的过去分词。) 这三种基本时态形式位于时态表的中心位置,是必须首先记住的。其它形式可推导而出。

2、记住了上面三种时态的形式后,可以设想把时间提前至过去,这三种时态的形式就相应地左移一格成为一般过去时:worked (worked是work的过去式);过去进行时was / were + working;过去完成时had + worked (worked是work 的过去分词)。 把时间错后至将来,这三种时态的形式也就相应地右移一格成为 一般将来时: shall / will + work; 将来进行时: shall / will + be working; 将来完成时: shall / will + have worked。(shall仅用于主语是第一人称时,will可用于主语是任何人称时。)当然,根据shall / will 的用法要求,紧随其后的动词或助动词要用原形形式。 简而言之,把这三种现在时态形式左移变成三种过去时态形式,只需把第一个动词变成过去式即可(一般现在时谓语只有一个动词,也可把它看成为第一个动词)。与此类似,过去将来时的变化是在一般将来时的基础上把第一个动词变成过去式。把这三种现在时态形式右移变成三种将来时态形式,只需在前面加一助动词shall / will (紧随其后的动词或助动词用原形形式)即可。 三、英语被动语态形式的记忆(以动词ask为例)

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时态(8个): 一般现在时: 经常或习惯性的动作 结构: 肯定句主语+be (am, is, are ) + 其他 eg: I am Chinese. 否定句主语+be not +其他 eg: I am not a boy. 疑问句 Be+主语+其他 eg: Are you a girl? 或: 肯定句主语+动原+其他 (三单作主语动词要变形) eg: I (He) often get (gets) up early. 否定句主语+don't+动原+其他 (三单作主语don't变doesn't) eg: I (She) don’t (doesn’t) like him. 疑问句 DO+主语+动原+其他 (三单作主语do变does) eg: Do (Does) you (she) like playing baseball? 关键词: sometimes=at times有时,often经常, usually通常, always总是, every day每天, on Sunday afternoon在周日下午, five days a week一周五天, three times a month 一个月三次… 现在进行时: 正在发生的动作 结构: 肯定句主语+be+动词的现在分词(ing)+其他 eg: I am reading now. 否定句主语+be not+动词的现在分词(ing)+其他 eg: I am not working. 疑问句 Be +主语+动词的现在分词+其他 eg: Are you sleeping? 关键词:now现在, at the moment此刻, look, listen, keep quiet等提示语. 一般将来时: 将要发生的动作 结构: 肯定句主语+will+动词原型+其他 eg: I will call you later. 否定句主语+will not +动词原型+其他 eg: I will not go to the park. 疑问句 Will +主语+动词原型+其他 Will you go shopping with her? (will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall) 关键词:tomorrow, next year明年, tonight今晚, this year今年, at the end of this term这学期期末, from now on从现在开始, soon一会儿马上, later后稍后,in three days三天之内, in the future 未来… 一般过去时: 过去发生的动作强调时间 句子结构:肯定句主语+be(was,were)+其他 eg: I was born on July.1st, 2000. 否定句主语+be not+其他 eg: I was not born in 1999. 疑问句 Be+主语+其他 eg: Were you born in January? 或: 肯定句主语+动词的过去式(ed)+其他 Lily went shopping yesterday. 否定句主语+did not+动原+其他 eg: He did not go to school today. 疑问句 Did+主语+动原+其他eg:Did she pass the test? 关键词:yesterday昨天,last week上周, last year去年, 一段时间+ago如ten years ago十年前 five hours ago五小时前, in +年/月,on+具体日期... Just now=a moment ago刚才,in the old days从前, long ago很久以前... 过去进行时: 过去正在发生的动作 结构: 肯定句主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他

小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳.

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英语八大时态归纳总结

英语八大时态归纳总结文件编码(TTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-0089)

1、一般现在时 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语: always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year, month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 2、一般过去时 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语: ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,n

ight,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,lo nglongago,onceuponatime,etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。 3、现在进行时 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now,atthistime,thesedays,etc. 基本结构:am/is/are+doing 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 4、过去进行时 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

(完整word)高中英语语法八大时态练习题

练习一 1. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ________ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun 2. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy families. A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 3. —I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. —Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ________? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 4. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you? —I had just finished my work and________ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting 5. I ________ you not to move my dictionary—now I can’t find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked 6. —Has Sam finished his homework today? —I have no idea. He ________ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 7. —What’s that terrible noise? —The neighbors ________ for a party.

英语八大时态

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英语语法基本基础知识——时态

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The sun rises in the east. 二.一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态,常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三.一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四.过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五.现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六.过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七.将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作,一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划,一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? (明天下午三点你将在做什么哪) 八.现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成,而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987,for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九.过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成,从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.

1.-初中英语八大时态总结

初中英语八大时态知识梳理 一、一般现在时: 基本结构:①动词原形②主语三单:动词原形+s/es 三种常考基本用法: 1.经常性和习惯性动作: I always get up early. 2.客观事实和普遍真理: The earth goes around the sun. 3.在时间状语从句及条件状语从句中,一般现在表将来: If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic. I’ll call you when I arrive at the airport. 该用法遵循"主将从现"的原则。 常见时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc. 二、一般过去时: 基本结构:动词的过去式 基本用法: 1、过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 e.g. I got up late yesterday. 2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作 Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river. 常见时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc. 三、一般将来时: 基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/sha ll + do.

英语语法16种时态总结

种时态总结 1 英语语法16时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式,动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将这时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do 为例): 例:He is a student.他是一个学生。 ② 表示经常性、习惯性动作。 例:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。③ 客观事实和普遍真理。

例:The earth moves the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 ④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表) 例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 ⑤主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。 2

④现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例: He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。(褒义) 3

④过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例:When he lived in country,he was always helping the poor. 住在乡下时,他总是帮助穷人。 4. 一般将来时 ①基本结构是will do。 例:We will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. 4

初中英语八大时态结构及用法

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3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中: Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作: Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来: 1)表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如: The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon. How often does the shuttle bus run? 2)在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情:When Bill comes(不用will come)ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 二、一般过去时 标志:动词过去式

人教版初中英语八大时态详解

人教版初中英语八大时态详解 英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。 下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述,其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。 一、一般现在时: 1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month...), once a week, on Sundays, 3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S) 4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,通常还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 6.例句:It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、一般过去时: 1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词 4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 6.例句:She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy. 三、现在进行时: 1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing 4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 6.例句:How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、过去进行时: 1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

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