经济学的思维方式英文课件(16)

最新版微观经济学精品习题英文版 (with answer) (16)

Chapter 17 Monopolistic Competition 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _ __. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. _ __. 1. Because monopolistically competitive firms produce differentiated products, each firm ( d ) a.faces a demand curve that is horizontal. b.faces a demand curve that is vertical. c.has no control over product price. d.has some control over product pric e. 2. Which of the following conditions distinguishes monopolistic competition from perfect competition? ( d ) a. Number of sellers. b. Freedom of entry and exit. c. Small size firms. d. Differentiation of product. 3. A firm in a monopolistically competitive market is similar to a monopolist in the sense that it ( b ) a.must overcome significant barriers to entry. b.faces a downward-sloping demand curve. c.there are no barriers to entry or exit. d.there is only one seller of the good. 4. If existing firms in the fast-food market, which is a monopolistically competitive market, realize sizable economic profits in the short run, the demand of existing firms will ( a ) a.decrease and become more elastic. b.decrease and become less elasti c. c.increase and become more elastic. d.increase and become less elastic.

微观经济学试题英文版

Managerial Economics

Part 1: 1. The price of good A goes up. As a result the demand for good B shifts to the left. From this we can infer that: a. good A is a normal good. b. good B is an inferior good. c. goods A and B are substitutes. d. goods A and B are complements. e. none of the above. Choose: d) the definition os complements 2. Joe's budget line is 15F + 45C = 900. When Joe chooses his most preferred market basket, he buys 10 units of C. therefore, he also buys : a. 10 units of F b. 30 units of F c. 50 units of F d. 60 units of F e. None of the above Choose: b) We assume that Joe will spend all his income. If C = 10, then 15F =900 – 45(10) =450, so F = 450/15 =30. 3. Kim only buys coffee and compact discs. Coffee costs $0.60 per cup, and CDs cost $12.00 each. She has $18 per week to spend on these two goods. If Kim is maximizing her utility, her marginal rate of substitution of coffee for CDs is: a. 0.05 b. 20 c. 18 d. 1.50 e. None of the above Choose: a) At Kim's most preferred market basket, her MRS equals the price ratio (Pcoffee/PCD), which equals 0.6/12 or 0.05. 4. The bandwagon effect corresponds best to which of the following? a. snob effect. b. external economy. c. negative network externality. d. positive network externality. Choose: d) 5. A Giffen good a. is always the same as an inferior good. b. is the special subset of inferior goods in which the substitution effect dominates the income effect. c. is the special subset of inferior goods in which the income effect dominates the substitution effect. d. must have a downward sloping demand curv e. Choose: c) the definition of Giffen good 6. An Engel curve for a good has a positive slope if the good is : a. an inferior good. b. a Giffen good. c. a normal goo d. d. a, b, and c are tru e. e. None of the above is true. Choose: c) Inferior and Giffen goods have negatively sloped Engel curves. 7. The price of beef and quantity of beef traded are P* and Q*, respectively. Given

最新版微观经济学精品习题英文版ch13

Chapter 13 The Costs of Production 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _ __ 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. _ __ 1. Which of the following is an implicit cost? ( ) a.Salaries paid to workers who work for the firm. b.Interest on money borrowed to finance equipment purchases. c.Cash payments for raw materials. d.Foregone rent on office space owned and used by the firm. 2. Sarah has been working for a law firm and earning an annual salary of $90,000. She decides to open her own practice. Her annual expenses will include $15,000 for office rent, $3,000 for equipment rental, $1,200 for utilities, and a $35,000 salary for a secretary/bookkeeper. Sarah will cover her start-up expenses by cashing in a $20,000 certificate of deposit on which she was earning annual interest of $1,000. Assuming that there are no additional expenses, Sarah’s annual implicit costs wil l equal ( ) a.$55,200. b. $221,400. c. $91,000. d. $146,200. 3. Economists assume that the goal of the firm is to ( ) a.maximize total revenue. c. minimize costs. b.maximize profits. d. do all of the above. 4. The difference between accounting profit and economic profit relates to ( ) a.the manner in which revenues are defined. b.how total revenue is calculated. c.the manner in which costs are define d. d.the price of the good in the market. 5. As Al’s Radiator Co. continues to add workers, while keeping the same amount of machinery, some workers may be underutilized because they have little work to do while waiting in line to use the machinery. When this o ccurs, Al’s Radiator Co. encounters ( ) a.economies of scale. c. increasing marginal product. b.diseconomies of scale. d. diminishing marginal product.

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（2）特征：凸向原点越远越大不相交 5.边际替代率(marginal rate of substitution.MRS)：——序数效用论

6.预算线（Budget line/ budget constraint） 7.吉芬物品(Giffen good)：价格上升引起需求量增加的物品。 8.柯布道格拉

斯生产函数 稀缺性（scarcity）：社会资源的有限性。 经济学(economics)：研究社会如何管理自己的稀缺资源。 效率(efficiency)：社会能从其稀缺资源中得到最多东西的特性。 平等(equality)：经济成果在社会成员中公平分配的特性。 机会成本(opportunity cost)：为了得到某种东西所必须放弃的东西。 理性人(rational people)：系统而有目的地尽最大努力实现起目标的人。 边际变动(marginal change)：对行动计划微小的增量调整。 激励(incentive)：引起一个人做出某种行为的某种东西。 市场经济(market economy)：当许多企业和家庭在物品与劳务市场上相互交易时，通过他们的分散决策配置资源的经济。 产权（property rights）：个人拥有并控制稀缺资源的能力。 市场失灵(market failure)：市场本身不能有效配置资源的情况。 外部性(externality)：

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工程经济学名词术语表 Accelerated cost recovery system(ACRS) 加速成本回收法ADS(alternative depreciation system) 替换折旧法 Accountant’s analysis contrasted with economist’s 会计人员的分析与经济学家分析的差异 After-tax cash flow: 税后现金流量 using double-declining-balance depreciation 使用双倍余额递减折旧法 using modified accelerated cost recovery system 使用修正后的加速成本回收法using straight-line depreciation 使用直线折旧法 using sum-of-the-years’-digits depreciation 使用年数总和折旧法 Algeria ,price changes 阿尔及利亚，价格变化Alternative depreciation syetem 替换折旧法 Alternatives : 备选方案 common unit of measurement 相同的计量单位 in decision analysis 在决策分析中 differential consequences 差别分析 independent alternatives 独立方案 ordering of 排序 Amortization ,see depreciation 分派，参见折旧 Annual-cost analysis 费用年值分析 Annual-cost formula 费用年值公式 Annual-cost method, see Annual-worth method 费用年值法，参见年值法Annual-cost method 年值法 and incremental analysis 与增量分析 perpetual lived investments 与单独分析 Banks: 银行 use of continuous compounding 连续复利的利用 use of internal rate of return method 内部收益率法的使用Belarus ,price changes Belarus , 价格变化 Belarus/cost ratio method 收益/成本比法 cost-effectiveness 成本-效果分析 equal initial investments 相等的初始投资 formulas 公式 and incremental analysis 与增量分析 and individual analysis 与单独分析 relation to present-worth method 与现值分析法 rule of delta 增量（△）法则 service lives 服务寿命（服役寿命）

工程经济学大纲(英文)

NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering COURSE EM691 Cost Estimating for Capital Projects INSTRUCTOR Randy Reagan Email: reagan@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b6828026.html, Homepage: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b6828026.html,/~reagan/. TEXTS Engineering Economy, Sullivan, Wicks, Koeling, 14th edition, Pearson, 2009. Note: At the time the 14th ed. text was selected Pearson advised NJIT that a 15th edition would be available in the fall of 2011. However we recently learned that the first printing of the 15th edition was completed in December 2010 and the 15th edition is now available. The 15th edition is almost identical to the 14th edition and students who purchase the 15th edition should be able to study all the course material by using the more recent text. However please be advised that some of homework problems and problem numbering have changed with the 15th edition and therefore students purchasing the 15th edition will be responsible for synchronizing to homework problems specified in the 14th edition. REFERENCES Other related reference materials have been placed on reserve at the library. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b6828026.html,/w/page/16142929/Reagan COURSE FORMAT This course will be delivered via a eLearning format where students are responsible for learning by self-study without in-person lectures. Students will be guided through a series of learning sessions by the instructor however students must lean heavily on the assigned text as a key resource and review lecture notes provided through Moodle. The homework is an Excel project which reinforces topics covered in the learning sessions. Several synchronous internet (Wimba) web meetings will be scheduled during the course of the term to cover a summary of the material and to provide a forum for student questions. Students are also able to hold discussion with the instructor via email or pre-arranged meetings during the term. Students are responsible for completing all course exams/deliverables by the specified dates. COURSE MGT Announcements, notes, resources, assignments and due dates will be posted at: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b6828026.html,. DESCRIPTION Cost management, estimating and financial techniques used in budgeting, evaluation, planning, and control of capital investments. Emphasis on quantitative financial analysis in capital projects, risk management and decision techniques commonly used in Engineering Management. TOPICS The course will cover the following topics: 1.Introduction to Engineering Economics 2.Cost Concepts 3.Cost and Financial Management 4.Cost Estimating 5.Time Value of Money 6.Project Evaluation 7.Project Selection 8.Depreciation and Taxes 9.Pricing & Exchange Rates 10.Breakeven and Sensitivity Analysis 11.Risk Analysis 12.Capital Budgeting 13.Multiattribute Decision Making EXAMS Exams are intended to cover all material in the assigned text chapters, lecture notes and homework. Students will be asked to solve a set of problems very much like the examples in the text or the homework. All exams will be proctored according to guidelines that will be discussed prior to the exam. EXCEL PROJECT Students will complete a comprehensive set of homework problems in Excel. Students may optionally work in groups (e.g. 2 to 3 max in a group) for the purpose of comparing solutions however each individual is responsible to submit their own original project work for grading. Projects must be developed according to detailed instructions provided with the assignment and submitted by the due date to receive full credit. . GRADING Mid-Term Exam 30%, Excel Project 35%, Final Exam 35% POLICIES Students are responsible for adhering to all university policies including the policies for academic integrity. Additional policies emphasized in this course may be found at the course Moodle site.

经济学原理__英文版复习题

复习题： 一、True or False： 1. Government policies that improve equality usually increase efficiency at the same time. 2. A rational decisionmaker takes an action if and only if the marginal cost exceeds the marginal benefit. 3.Trade allows each person to specialize in the activities he or she does best, thus increasing each individual's productivity. 4. the production possibilities frontier shows the opportunity cost of one good as measured in terms of the other good. 5. When a production possibilities frontier is bowed outward, the opportunity cost of the first good in terms of the second good increases as more of the second good is produced. 6. For a country producing two goods, the opportunity cost of one good will be the inverse of the opportunity cost of the other good. 7. If a country has the comparative advantage in producing a product, then that country must also have the absolute advantage in producing that product. 8.An increase in the price of pizza will shift the demand curve for pizza to the left. 9. A decrease in supply shifts the supply curve to the right. 10. The demand for gasoline will respond more to a change in price over a period of five weeks than over a period of five years. 11. Suppose that when the price rises by 10% for a particular good, the quantity demanded of that good falls by 30%. The price elasticity of demand for this good is equal to 1/3. 12. Demand is inelastic if the price elasticity of demand is greater than 1. 13.A price ceiling is a legal minimum on the price at which a good or service can be sold. 14. A price floor set above the equilibrium price is not binding. 15 .The equilibrium of supply and demand in a market maximizes the total benefits to buyers and sellers of participating in that market. 16. Efficiency is related to the size of the economic pie, whereas equality is related to how the pie gets sliced and distributed. 17. When markets fail, public policy can potentially remedy the problem and increase economic efficiency. 18. As the size of a tax increases, the government's tax revenue rises, then falls. 19.Because the supply of land is perfectly elastic, the deadweight loss of a tax on land is very large. 20.In principle, trade can make a nation better off, because the gains to the winners exceed the losses to the losers.

最新版微观经济学精品习题英文版 (with answer) (8)

Chapter 8 Application: The Cost of Taxation 1. Deadweight loss is the ( a ) a.reduction in total surplus that results from a tax. b.loss of profit to businesses when a tax is imposed. c.reduction in consumer surplus when a tax is placed on buyers. d.decline in government revenue when taxes are reduced in a market. 2. Deadweight loss ( a ) a.means that there is a loss to some individuals without a corresponding gain to others. b.is not really a loss to society because what one individual loses another individual gains. c.can be eliminated by sales taxes. d.can occur even if output is at the efficient level. 3. Deadweight loss measures ( b ) a.the amount people would pay to gain an additional unit of a good. b.the loss from economic inefficiency. c.the difference between two efficient situations. d.the amount required to compensate producers for lost surplus due to the imposition of a sales tax. 4. A per-unit tax on a good creates deadweight loss because ( c ) a.it makes demand more inelastic. b.it makes supply more elasti c. c.by increasing the price consumers pay, and reducing the price sellers receive, it prevents some mutually beneficial trades. d.the government wastes the tax revenues it receives. 5. If the supply curve is perfectly elastic, a per-unit tax ( c ) a.does not create deadweight loss. b.does not reduce consumer surplus. c.does not reduce producer surplus. d.reduces consumer surplus but increases producer surplus.

微观经济学高级版英文原版课件

Chapter1:Key concepts February19,2013 1Introduction Economics is the study of choice under scarcity.Typically,consumers want more goods and services than they can a?ord to buy.Similarly,businesses face constraints in terms what funds and resources that they can https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b6828026.html,ernments and countries also face the same type of problem:a government might want to address a large number of social problems,but they have limited resources with which to do so.Economics is about understanding how a party deals with the fact that when they use their resources to pursue one option,they cannot use those resources to do something else.And so,a consumer may have to choose between a new pair of shoes or a textbook,a?rm may have to choose between developing a new product or launching a marketing campaign, and the government may have to choose between improving education or targeting crime. To understand these issues,economics has developed a set of tools that can be used to analyze these problems.This book provides an introduction to those tools.They can be used to help understand economic problems wherever they arise,be it businesses understanding the markets they compete in,or governments trying to develop social policy,or families trying to manage their households.These tools are not meant to capture everything that is occurring in any given situation.Rather,they are designed to simplify(or to model)a complicated and potentially messy real-world issue into a tractable form that can provide valuable insights. Given that resources are limited,the key questions that an economy needs to‘decide’are:(a)what to produce;(b)how to produce it;and(c)who should get what is made.In modern economies,the answers to these questions are largely determined by the market –that is,by the interaction of sellers and buyers in the market.1Sometimes,however, the government also helps determine the answer to these questions,by regulating or intervening in the market.Consequently,our focus in this microeconomics text will be on the study of individuals(consumers,?rms,and governments)and their interaction in markets. This chapter provides a few key concepts that underpin the analysis in the rest of the book,as well as economics analysis in general. 1By‘market’,we simply mean a place where buyers and sellers of a particular good or service meet, such as a traditional bazaar or an online trading site. 1

工程经济学英文缩写

《工程经济学》常用英文缩写释义 ?利息I：interest（n.兴趣，关心，重要性，影响，利息，[常pl.]利益，利害） ?本金P：principal（n.本金；首长，负责人；主角；[法]委托人，当事人、adj.主要的；本 金的；最重要的；资本的） ?现值P：present value；其中P是指present（adj.现在的，出席的，当面的）、V是指：value （n.价值，估价，评价，价格） ?终值F：final value（adj.最后的，最终的，决定性的） ?天数/期数N：number（n.数，数字，数量，号码，算术，诗，韵律） ?年金A：annuity（n.年金，养老金，年金享受权） ?现金流出CO：Cash Outflow；其中C是指Cash（n.现金；支付金额、vt.兑现；支付现款、 adj.现金的；）、O是指outflow（n.流出；流出量；流出物；vi.流出；） ?现金流入CI：Cash Inflow；其中C是指Cash（n.现金；支付金额、vt.兑现；支付现款、 adj.现金的；）、I是指inflow（n.流入，注入；流入物；内流，吸入） ?净现金流量NCF：Net cash flow；其中N是指：net（adj.净余的，纯粹的）、C是指：cash （n.现金）、F是指：flux（n.涨潮，变迁，[物]流量，通量） ?原始投资额I：investment（n.投资，可获利的东西） ?净现值NPV：Net Present Value；其中N是指：net（adj.净余的，纯粹的）、P是指present （adj.现在的，出席的，当面的）、V是指：value（n.价值，估价，评价，价格） ?净现值率NPVR：Net Present Value Rate其中的前三个字母同上文，最后一个R是指：rate （n.速度；比率；等级；（利息等的）费率）。 ?内部收益率IRR：Inside Reward Rate ；其中I是指inside （n.里面，内部，内脏，内情adj. 内部的，秘密的，于室内工作的adv.在里面prep.在……之内）、R是指reward（n.报酬，奖金、vt.酬劳，奖赏）、R是指rate（n.比率，速度，等级，价格，费用） ?总投资收益率ROI：Return On Investment；其中R是指Return（v.回转，返回；复发，又 来；送还；言归正传；n.归来；来回，汇成；赢利；统计表）、I是指investment（n.投资，投资额；封锁；（时间、精力的）投入；值得买的东西） ?年息税前利润EBIT：Earnings Before Interest and Taxes，其中E是指：earning（n.所赚的钱， 收入）、其中的B是指：before（prep.在……之前）、I是指：interest（n.兴趣，关心，重要