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英语语法知识——动名词

英语语法知识——动名词
英语语法知识——动名词

英语语法知识——动名词

动名词

动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ing 构成。它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。

A 动名词作主语、宾语和表语

1 )作主语。例如:

Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。

2 )作宾语

a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如:

例如:Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点,好吗

The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。

b. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如:

3 )作表语,对主语说明、解释。例如:

Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。

比较:She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.

4 )作定语,一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如:

a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台

a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池

有些动名词作定语,与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如:

boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点

a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it手扶拖拉机

B worth 的用法

worth, worthy, worthwhile 都是形容词,意为"值得"。

1. worth :be worth + n.当名词为金钱时,表示"……值得……"

常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth (someone’s)while doing

be worth doing sth. "……某事值得被做"

The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。2. worthy :be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"

be worthy to be done " 某事值得被做"

The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.

3. worthwhile :be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"

It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club. 值得邀请他加入俱乐部。

增强背诵记忆的方法

? 勤动手指

锻炼手指功能可健脑益智,促进思维。学做针线活,或手拿两个核桃,不停地在手中转动或练习绘画,长期坚持都会有健脑作用。

? 适当慢跑

下肢活动可刺激对侧大脑皮层的活动,起到健脑作用。慢跑可以持续刺激大脑创造新的神经细胞生成以及脑内血管的健東运转。

? 多听音乐

听音乐能改善脑力,缓和心境,平稳情绪。音乐可以影响听觉,进而刺激大脑皮层兴奋,保持大脑活力。

? 放开嗓子大声朗读

朗读的过程是把视觉的刺激反馈给听觉,并加以确认,还会用到唇、舌、喉等身体的各个部位。这样一来,朗读就能充分调动身体,带给大脑的刺激比默读多得多,记忆也更加深刻。

? 多回想细节

读书或听人说话的时候,要不时停下来回想刚才读到或者听到的内容,想得越详细越好。大脑储存这些信息时,细节越多,记忆效果越好。

? 锻炼观察力

这是防止健忘最好的方式之一。每次去一个新地方时,在心中记下房间内10件东西摆放的位置,等你离开的时候,再仔细回想那10件东西的位置。

? 对自己说“肯定能行”

脑不会马上发生变化,不要一下子设定过高的目标。通过把目标说出来、写下来等方法,能够强化意识,这是你激活脑的第一步。

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