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高级英语阅读unit 3

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1 Courtesy 英['k??t?s?] 美['k?t?si]

1. a courteous or respectful or considerate act

2. a courteous or respectful or considerate remark

3. a courteous manner

n. 礼貌；好意；恩惠adj. 殷勤的；被承认的；出于礼节的

2 honorific 英[?n?'r?f?k] 美['ɑn?'r?f?k]

n. an expression of respect

adj. conferring or showing honor or respect

Adj . 1. 表示尊敬的；给予荣誉的

2. (对长者)尊称的，敬语的[亦作honorifical]n. 尊称，敬语

3 decadence 英['dek?d(?)ns] 美['d?k?d?ns]

n. the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualities

n. 1. (文学、艺术、道德等方面的)衰落；堕落；颓废；衰退；腐朽

2. (19世纪)文学艺术衰落(或颓废)期

3. 颓废派艺术风格

P1---P3

4 burgeoning['b?:d??ni?]

adj. 增长迅速的；生机勃勃的

v. 成长（burgeon的ing形式）；迅速发展

burgeon ['b?:d??n]

vi. 1. 迅速成长，迅速发展，扩展，增长，发展繁荣，兴旺：

2. 发芽，萌芽，抽芽，抽枝，抽条，长出蓓蕾(通常与out或forth连用)：

vt. 发(芽)，生出蓓蕾；抽(枝)

n. 新芽，嫩芽；蓓蕾；嫩枝[亦作bourgeon]

5 mill1 [mil]

n. 1. 磨坊，磨粉厂, 磨，碾磨机，粉碎机, 榨汁机

2. 机床，钱币压印机，(钱币的)压印花边机，滚扎机

3. 制造厂

4. (宝石的)磨光机，抛光机

5. 缓慢繁琐的程序；机械的例行公事

vt. 1. 碾磨；磨成粉，磨细；碾碎：to mill grain碾碎谷物

n. 1. a plant consisting of one or more buildings with facilities for

manufacturing

2. machinery that processes materials by grinding or crushing

3. the act of grinding to a powder or dust

v. 1. move about in a confused manner 2. grind with a mill

6 B.A Bachelor of Arts 文(科)学士

7 MA Master of Arts文学硕士

8 PhD Philosophiae Doctor [拉丁语]哲学博士(= Doctor of Philosophy)

9 nonetheless [,n?ne?'les]

adv. =nevertheless 尽管如此，但是conj. 尽管如此，但是

10 maestro1 ['maistr?u; mɑ:'estr?u]

n. an artist of consummate skill

1. 名作曲家；名指挥家，音乐教

2. (艺术的)名师，能手，艺术大师

变形: n. maestros maestri

11 magnifico [m?ɡ'nifik?u]

n. 1. 古威尼斯贵族 2. 高官，权贵，显要人物变形:n. magnificoes magnificos

12 rococo [r?u'k?uk?u; ,r?uk?'k?u]

n. 洛可可式建筑风格(18世纪在法国流行的一种建筑风格，特点是纤巧、浮华). 洛可可式文体；洛可可式艺术风格

adj.1. 洛可可式的2. 过分修饰的；华丽艳俗的 3. 过时的，旧式的

13 pastry ['peistri] 油酥点心；面粉糕饼

14 gilded ['ɡildid]

adj. 1. having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

2. based on pretense; deceptively pleasing

3. rich and superior in quality

adj. 镀金的，装饰的；富有的v. 给…镀金（gild的过去分词）

15 La Scala (意大利米兰市)卡斯卡拉歌剧院

16 Milan Corriere Della Sera米兰晚邮报

17 Prone [pr?un] adj. 俯卧的；有…倾向的，易于…的

18 predilection [,pri:di'lek??n] n.偏爱，偏好(for)，嗜好

19 prosthetic [pr?s'θetik] adj. 1. 【语法学、韵律学】词首添音(或音节、音素)的、

20 surge [s?:d?] . a sudden or abrupt strong increase猛增；急剧上升

21 academe[,?k?'di:m]

the academic world n. 研究院；学院；学会（等于academy）

四五段

explicitly[?k'spl?s?tli]

in an explicit manner adv. 明确地；明白地

occupational [,ɑkju'pe??nl]

of or relating to the activity or business for which you are trained

adj. 职业的；占领的

hazard['h?z?d]

1 n . a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

2v.. take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome

vt. 赌运气；冒…的危险，使遭受危险

n. 危险，冒险；冒险的事

autocrat['??t?kr?t]

a cruel and oppressive dictator

n. 独裁者，专制君主；独断独行的人

parody ['p?r?d?]

n. 拙劣的模仿；诙谐的改编诗文

vt. 拙劣模仿

explicit英[?k'spl?s?t; ek-]

precisely and clearly expressed or readily observable; leaving nothing to implication adj. 明确的；清楚的；直率的；详述的

honorific英[?n?'r?f?k]

n. an expression of respect

.Adj. conferring or showing honor or respect

adj. 尊敬的；敬称的

n. 敬语

nobility英[n?(?)'b?l?t?]

1. a privileged class holding hereditary titles

n. 贵族；高贵；高尚

grant英[grɑ?nt]

1. any monetary aid

2. the act of providing a subsidy

3. (law) a transfer of property by deed of conveyance

vt. 授予；允许；承认vi. 同意n. 拨款；[法] 授予物

courtesy美['k?t?si]

. a courteous or respectful or considerate act

n. 礼貌；好意；恩惠

adj. 殷勤的；被承认的；出于礼节的

sorceress美['s?rs?r?s] n. 女巫；女术士；女魔法师

bland [bl?nd]

adj. 乏味的；温和的；冷漠的

vt. 使…变得淡而无味；除掉…的特性

vi. 变得平淡无奇；丧失特性

curator[kju?'reit?]

n. 馆长；监护人；管理者

第六段

Inflation n. 膨胀；通膨胀；夸张；自命不凡

A general and progressive increase in prices

Honorific [?n?'r?f?k adj. 尊敬的；敬称的n. 敬语

An expression of respect

full-fledged ['ful'fled?d] adj. 羽毛生齐的；有充分资格的；发育完全的

1. (of a bird) having reached full development with fully grown

adult plumage; ready to fly

2. (of persons e.g.) having gained full status

Deputy ['depj?t?] n. 代理人，代表adj. 副的；代理的

An assistant with power to act when his superior is absent

Vice n. 恶习；缺点；[机] 老虎钳；卖淫prep. 代替vt. 钳住adj. 副的；代替的

1. Moral weakness

2. A specific form of evildoing

Synonym 's?n?n?m n. 同义词；同义字

Two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous

relative to that context

Connote [k?'n??t vt. 意味着；含言外之意

1. Express or state indirectly

2. involve as a necessary condition of consequence; as in logic、

Ratio ['re?????n. 比率，比例

The relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a

quotient

第七段

naming right ：the right of naming 冠名权

vainglorious：too proud of your own abilities 虚荣心强的；非常自负的

arena:a building with a large flat central area surrouded by seats, where sports or entertainments take place竞技场

transit system: 运输系统

monument：a very old building or place that is important historically历史遗迹；不朽的作品

airborne ：moved or conveyed by or through air航] 空运的；空气传播的；风媒的Oregon State university:俄勒冈州立大学

brewing company：酿酒公司

fermentation science：发酵科学

rubbermaid home products:乐柏美家居用品

Ohio State：俄亥俄州

Exxon Corporation：埃克森公司；埃克森石油公司；

八九段

1 close-knit ['kl?us'nit] adj held together as by social or cultural ties adj. 紧密的；严谨的；紧密结合着的

2 homespun ['h??msp?n] adj 1. of textiles; having a rough surface. 2. characteristic of country life adj. 朴素的，简朴的；手织的

3 plainspoken ['plen'spok?n] 1. using simple and direct language. 2. characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion adj. 老实说的；直言不讳的；说话直率的

4 token ['tok?n] 1. something of sentimental value n. 表征；代币；记号

5 appetite ['?p?ta?t] a feeling of craving something n. 食欲；嗜好

6 decadence ['d?k?d?ns] n.the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualities n. 堕落，颓废；衰落

7 regime [rei'?i:m, ri-, ri'd?i:m] n.1. the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

2. (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet) n. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理体制

8 array [?'rei] n.1. an orderly arrangement n. 数组，阵列；排列，列阵；大批，一系列；衣服

9 guillotine ['ɡil?ti:n] n.

a closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill

b instrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles; used for beheading people n. 断头台；切纸机；截止辩论以付表决法

10 nobility [n?u'bil?ti] n.

a. a privileged class holding hereditary titles

b. the quality of elevation of mind and exaltation of character or ideals or conduct

c. the state of being of noble birth n. 贵族；高贵；高尚

11 surname ['s?:neim] n. the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished

from each member's given name) n. 姓，姓氏；绰号，别名

12 lofty ['l?fti, 'l?:f-] adj.

. of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style adj. 高的；崇高的；

高级的；高傲的

13 astonishment [?'st?ni?m?nt] n.

the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising n. 惊讶；令人惊讶的事物

14 barbarian [bɑ:'bε?ri?n] adj.without civilizing influences adj. 野蛮的；未开化的

n. 野蛮人

第十段

1.correspondence [,k?:ris'p?nd?ns] n. 通信；一致；相当n.

communication by the exchange of letters

2.équivalent [ekivalɑ，ɑ:t]

a.] 相等的，相当的；等价的，等值的，等量的

[m.] 相等物，等同物，相当物；等价物，等量物；同义语，对应词；当量

3.bullion ['bulj?n] n. 金银；纯金；金银块

1. a mass of precious metal

2. gold or silver in bars or ingots

consumer price index

消费者价格指数

4.monitor ['m?nit?] n. 监视器；监听器；监控器；班长

vt. 监控

display produced by a device that takes signals and displays them on a television screen or a computer monitor

5.inflation [?f la(ɑ)sj?] [f.] 通货膨胀；激增，飞涨

6.calculate ['k?lkj?le?t] vt. 计算；预测；认为；打算

vi. 计算；以为；作打

7.miscellaneous [,misi'leinj?s, 'mis?'leini?s] adj. 混杂的，各种各样的；多方面的，多才多艺的

adj.

constituting a grab-bag category

the usual collection of miscellaneous expenses

8.funeral ['fju:n?r?l] n. 葬礼；麻烦事

adj. 丧葬的，出殡的

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

9.honorific [,?n?'rifik] adj. 尊敬的；敬称的

n. 敬语an expression of respect

adj.conferring or showing honor or respect

10.calculation [,k?lkju:lei??n]

n. n. 计算；估计；计算的结果；深思熟虑

the procedure of calculating; determining something by mathematical or logical methods 11.percentage [p?'sentid?] n. 百分比；百分率，百分数n.

1. a proportion multiplied by 100

2. assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group

12.corporate ['k?:p?rit]

adj. adj. 法人的；共同的，全体的；社团的

1.belonging to a corporation

2. possessing or existing in bodily form

3. done by or characteristic of individuals acting together

4. organized and maintained as a legal corporation

13.cadre [kɑ:(a)dr]m.] 框，框架；车架；集装箱；范围，环境；(电影的)画面，镜

头；〈文〉布局；结构，背景；干部；工作人员名册；军队编制表；环形天线

14.vice [vis] m.] 缺陷，缺点，毛病；恶习；罪恶，坏事；腐化，堕落，放荡；

怪癖；调皮捣蛋；恶棍，坏人

15.endowed [[in'dau]] v. 赋予；捐赠

adj.

provided or supplied or equipped with (especially as by inheritance or nature)

16.épithète [epit?t]] 修饰语，形容语；定语；称号，外号

[a.] 定语的

17.dictator [dik'teit?, 'dikteit?] 独裁者；命令者

n.. a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

十一十二段

dis·ci·pline /d?s?pl?n/ ( disciplines, disciplining, disciplined ) CET4

N-UNCOUNT Discipline is the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behavior, and punishing them when they do not. 纪律

2. N-UNCOUNT Discipline is the quality of being able to behave and work in a

controlled way which involves obeying particular rules or standards. 自律

3. N-VAR If you refer to an activity or situation as a discipline, you mean that, in

order to be successful in it, you need to behave in a strictly controlled way and

obey particular rules or standards. 训练; 磨练

V-T If someone is disciplined for something that they have done wrong, they are punished for it. 处罚

V-T If you discipline yourself to do something, you train yourself to behave and

work in a strictly controlled and regular way. 训练

N-COUNT A discipline is a particular area of study, especially a subject of study in

a college or university. (尤指大学里的) 学科[FORMAL]

cor·rec·tive /k?r?kt?v/ ( correctives )

ADJ Corrective measures or techniques are intended to put right something that

is wrong. 纠正性的

N-COUNT If something is a corrective to a particular view or account, it gives

a more accurate or fairer picture than there would have been without it. 匡正

[FORMAL]

rou·tine /rutin/ ( routines ) CET4

N-VAR A routine is the usual series of things that you do at a particular time. A routine is also the practice of regularly doing things in a fixed order. 惯例; 常规

2. ADJ You use routine to describe activities that are done as a normal part of a

job or process 常规的

ADJ A routine situation, action, or event is one which seems completely ordinary, rather than interesting, exciting, or different. 平淡的[表不满]

N-VAR You use routine to refer to a way of life that is uninteresting and ordinary,

or hardly ever changes. 平淡乏味[表不满]

N-COUNT A routine is a computer program, or part of a program, that performs a specific function. 程序[COMPUTING]

N-COUNT A routine is a short sequence of jokes, remarks, actions, or movements that forms part of a longer performance. (一) 套

in·stance /?nst?ns/ ( instances ) CET4

1. PHRASE You use for instance to introduce a particular event, situation, or person that is an example of what you are talking about. 例如

2. N-COUNT An instance is a particular example or occurrence of something. 例

子

3. PHRASE You say in the first instance to mention something that is the first step in a series of actions. 首先[INFORMAL]

ad·just /?d??st/ ( adjusts, adjusting, adjusted ) CET4

V-T/V-I When you adjust to a new situation, you get used to it by changing your behavior or your ideas. 调整以适应

V-T If you adjust something, you change it so that it is more effective or appropriate. 调整

2. V-T If you adjust something such as your clothing or a machine, you correct or alter its position or setting. 调节

3.V-T/V-I If you adjust your vision or if your vision adjusts, the muscles of your eye or the pupils alter to cope with changes in light or distance. 适应

equiva·lent /?kw?v?l?nt/ ( equivalents ) CET4

N-SING If one amount or value is the equivalent of another, they are the same. 等

量物; 等价物

ADJ Equivalent is also an adjective. 等量的; 等值的

N-COUNT The equivalent of someone or something is a person or thing that has

the same function in a different place, time, or system. 等效对象

ADJ Equivalent is also an adjective. 等效的

3. N-SING You can use equivalent to emphasize the great or severe effect of something. 等效对象[强调]

mislead /m?slid/ ( misleads, misleading, misled ) CET4

V-T If you say that someone or something has misled you, you mean that they have made you believe something that is not true, either by telling you a lie or by giving you a wrong idea or impression. 误导

in·fla·tion /?nfle???n/ CET4

N-UNCOUNT Inflation is a general increase in the prices of goods and services in a country. 通货膨胀[BUSINESS]

lodestar ['l?udstɑ:] n.

指路之星，指示方向的星(尤指北极星)

目标；指导原则[亦作loadstar ]

sig·nifi·cant /s?gn?f?k?nt/ CET4

ADJ A significant amount or effect is large enough to be important or affect a situation to a noticeable degree. 重大的; 显著的

sig·nifi·cant·ly ADV 重大地; 显著地

ADJ A significant fact, event, or thing is one that is important or shows something. 重要的; 说明问题的

sig·nifi·cant·ly ADV 重要地; 说明问题地

moni·tor /m?n?t?r/ ( monitors, monitoring, monitored ) CET4

V-T If you monitor something, you regularly check its development or progress, and sometimes comment on it. 监控

V-T If someone monitors radio broadcasts from other countries, they record them or listen carefully to them in order to obtain information. 监听

N-COUNT A monitor is a machine that is used to check or record things, for example processes or substances inside a person's body. 监控器

N-COUNT A monitor is a screen which is used to display certain kinds of information, for example on a computer, in airports, or in television studios. 显示屏

N-COUNT You can refer to a person who checks that something is done correctly, or that it is fair, as a monitor. 监督员

lodge /l?d?/ ( lodges, lodging, lodged ) CET4

N-COUNT A lodge is a house or hotel in the country or in the mountains where people stay on vacation, especially when they want to hunt or fish. (乡野中的度假) 屋舍; 旅馆

N-COUNT A lodge is a small house at the entrance to the grounds of a large house. 门房

V-T If you lodge a complaint, protest, accusation, or claim, you officially make it. 正式提出(投诉、抗议、指控、要求)

V-T/V-I If you lodge somewhere, such as in someone else's house or if you are lodged there, you live there, usually paying rent. 借住; 租住

V-I If an object lodges somewhere, it becomes stuck there. 卡住

avail·able /?ve?l?b?l/ CET4

ADJ If something you want or need is available, you can find it or obtain it. 可获得的

avail·abil·ity N-UNCOUNT 可获得性

ADJ Someone who is available is not busy and is therefore free to talk to you or to do a particular task. 有空的[v-link ADJ]

quali·fied /kw?l?fa?d/

ADJ Someone who is qualified has a certificate, license, diploma or degree in order to work in a particular profession. 有资格的; 有文凭的

ADJ If you give someone or something qualified support or approval, your support or approval is not total because you have some doubts. 有限度的; 有保留的[ADJ n]

PHRASE If you describe something as a qualified success, you mean that it is only partly successful. 局部成功

高级英语1-Unit4-Oxford翻译

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