【英语】英语阅读理解练习题20篇及解析(1)

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。

Zak's grandfather, Stan was very famous. Why? Because he had a very, very, very long white beard （胡子）.

One day, Zak asked his grandfather, "When you sleep, do you put your beard over or under the quilt （被子）?" "I'm not sure. I never care about that," said his grandfather, "I'll look tonight." Stan got into bed that night and pulled up the quilt. Then he remembered his grandson's question. Aha! His beard was under the quilt. But wait. Did that feel right?

He lift his beard from under the quilt and put it above it. This also didn't feel right. Si he put the beard under the quilt again. But he soon felt it would be better if it were out. The beard went in and out—first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.

Stan spent a sleepless night. In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!

Stan's wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. Now a simple question made him do that.

（1）Stan was very famous for his long white beard.

（2）Stan never cared about Zak, his grandson.

（3）At the very beginning, Stan's beard was under the quilt.

（4）That night Stan was sleepless and tired because of the question.

（5）Stan listened to his wife's advice to cut the beard off.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Zak的爷爷因为长胡子而出名，一天Zak问爷爷睡觉把胡子放在被子上面还是下面，结果爷爷放了一晚，最终把胡子剪了。

（1）细节题。根据Because he had a very, very, very long white beard （胡子）.可知Stan因为长胡子而出名，故选正确。

（2）细节题。根据Then he remembered his grandson's question.可知爷爷记得孙子的问题，即在意孙子，故选错误。

（3）细节题。根据Aha! His beard was under the quilt.可知胡子在被子下面，故选正确。（4）细节题。根据The beard went in and out---first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.可知爷爷一晚上都在放胡子，所以是没睡意，故选错误。

（5）细节题。根据She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it.可知妻子建议Stan剪掉胡子，但是Stan从不剪胡子，故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some traditions are rather similar from one country to another: candles, cakes and birthday wishes. But there are also different ways to celebrate birthdays.

Here are a few:

Argentina （阿根廷）: In Argentina, as in many Latin American countries, one of the most important birthday parties is a girl's fifteenth. When girls turn 15, they have a huge party and dance first with their fathers, and then the boys at the part.

China: The birthday child receives presents from the parents. Friends and family members are invited to dinner, and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life.

Denmark （丹麦）: A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is celebrating the birthday. Presents are placed around the child's bed while he is sleeping so he can see them immediately when he wakes up.

Holland （荷兰）: The birthday child receives an especially large present. The family also put flowers or balloons on the birthday child's chair to make it beautiful.

India: Usually Indian children wear white to school. However, the birthday child wears colored clothes to school and gives out chocolates to everyone in the class. His /Her best friend helps do this.

Japan: The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the special time. Certain birthdays are more important than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the shrine （神殿）. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.

（1）The birthday child can see the presents ________ in Denmark.

A. at the party

B. outside a window

C. on the chair

D. around the bed （2）In Holland, the birthday child can see ________ on his /her chair.

A. food or drinks

B. flowers or balloons

C. books or clothes

D. Noodles or chocolates （3）In ________, only birthday children wear colored clothes to school.

A. Argentina

B. China

C. India

D. Japan

（4）The ________ birthday is more important than others for boys in Japan.

A. fifteenth

B. third

C. seventh

D. fifth

（5）The passage is mainly about ________.

A. birthday traditions in different countries

B. similar birthday traditions in some countries

C. children's birthdays in western countries

D. the importance of children's birthdays

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这短文介绍了不同国家庆祝生日的风俗习惯。

（1）细节理解题。根据Denmark（丹麦）: Presents are placed around the child's bed while

he is sleeping so he can see them immediately when he wakes up. 在丹麦，礼物一般置于孩子的床周围以便孩子一醒来就能看到。故选D。

（2）细节理解题. 根据Holland （荷兰）: The family also put flowers or balloons on the birthday child's chair to make it beautiful. 在荷兰，家人也把鲜花和气球放在椅子上这样看起来更漂亮。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据India: Usually Indian children wear white to school. However, the birthday child wears colored clothes to school. 在印度，通常孩子穿白衣服上学，但是过生日的孩子穿彩色服装。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据Japan: Certain birthdays are more important than others. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys. 在日本，有些生日比其它的生日更重要。对于女孩来说第三和第七个生日比较重要，对于男孩来说，第五个生日最重要。故选D。

（5）主旨大意题。根据Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. 可知本文主要讲述了世界各国孩子过生日的习俗。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们可直接在从短文的细节中找出细节理解问题答案。可根据文章的主题句找出文章的主旨大意。

3．阅读理解

It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.

One reason for this is climate（气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data（数据）from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield（平均产量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare（公顷）.

However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.

Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.

Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings（茎段）rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype（基因型）. In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.

One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation（种植园）suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.

（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. People's love for bananas.

B. The taste of bananas.

C. The convenience of eating bananas.

D. The future disappearance of bananas.

（2）What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?

A. More countries will start to grow bananas.

B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.

C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.

D. Bananas won't be as tasty as before.

（3）What does Paragraph 5 tell us?

A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.

B. How bananas are grown.

C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.

D. Which diseases can kill bananas.

（4）The passage is written to ________.

A. offer tips for growing bananas

B. explain why bananas may die out

C. show the difficulties of growing bananas

D. describe bananas' growing conditions

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即不能生长，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Li Shizhen（李时珍） was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518.

Both of Li Shizhen's father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs （药草） and medications and cured （治愈） people. His father was doctor who wrote several books.

Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）. Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial （帝国的） examination.

When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that

court （宫廷） A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute.

Even though he fulfilled his father's dream, he didn't want to continue working for the court.

One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again.

Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲日》He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.

（1）What was Li Shizhe' s grandfather?

A. An official.

B. A prince.

C. A country doctor.

D. A writer.（2）What did Li Shizhen's father want Li Shizhen to do?

A. To be a doctor.

B. To write a book.

C. To be a prince.

D. To enter politics.（3）When he was 38,Li Shizhen cured .

A. his grandfather

B. the son of the Prince of Chu

C. an official in that country

D. a famous doctor

（4）According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for?

A. Working for the court.

B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica.

C. His long traveling.

D. Curing a lot of people.

（5）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Li Shizhen's life.

B. Li Shizhen's grandfather's life.

C. Li Shizhen's father's life.

D. Li Shizhen's book.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了李时珍的生平。

（1）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor，可知李时珍的爷爷是个乡村医生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）.，可知李时珍的爸爸想让李时珍从政，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu，可知李时珍38岁时治愈了楚国的王子，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica ，《本草纲日》，可知李时珍因为他的书《本草纲目》出名，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了李时珍的生平，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

People all over the world eat eggs. Most of the eggs we eat come from hens. Eggs are easy to cook. They can be cooked in lots of ways such as fried or hard-boiled. Eggs can be used with other

things to make cakes and ice-cream.

The fresh test

Put your egg in a pan of water and use the guide below to find out how old your egg is. What happens to the egg Age of the egg

Sinks（下沉）to the bottom of the pan and stays there Sinks, but floats at an angle（角度）

Sinks, and then stands on end

Floats on top or just under the surface 3-6 days old

Just over 1 week old About 2 weeks old Over 2 weeks old

Eggs last a long time. You can keep them for about four weeks in your fridge.

A. the birth of chickens

B. the difference between them

C. the use of eggs

D. the way of keeping them

（2）What makes a yolk dark orange?

A. The hen's food.

B. The colour of the shell.

C. The age of the egg.

D. The vitamins in the egg.

（3）What does the table above show?

A. How heavy an egg can be.

B. How long to cook an egg in a pan.

C. How to make an egg sink.

D. How to check the age of an egg.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要介绍怎样测试鸡蛋的时间。

（1）主旨大意题。根据They can be cooked in lots of ways such as fried or hard-boiled. Eggs can be used with other things to make cakes and ice-cream.可知这段主要讲固定是鸡蛋的用途。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据The yolk can be pade yellow to dark orange.The colour depends on what the hen eats，可知母鸡吃的食物决定蛋黄的颜色，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据Put your egg in a pan of water and use the guide below to find

out how old your egg is.可知这个图表是用来核查鸡蛋的时间。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先进行审题，弄清题意。然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的信息中找出问题的正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, long-lost friend or even a real stranger. But you know that every moment they will affect your life in some serious way.

Sometimes things happen to you. At the time they may seem terrible, painful and unfair. But later you realize that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realized your further ability and strength. Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.

The people you meet affect your life, and the successes and failure（失败）you experience, create who you are. Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most poignant and important ones.

Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.

You can make your life anything you wish. Create your own life and then go out and live it.（1）From the passage, we know that bad things can make us .

A. terribly meet bad luck

B. realize our further ability

C. find no serious success

D. possibly enjoy every moment

（2）The underlined word "poignant" in the passage means "_______".

A. 平淡的

B. 明显的

C. 深刻的

D. 艰苦的（3）The writer's advice is that we should ________.

A. never talk to strange people

B. learn as much as we can each day

C. get over difficulties painfully

D. not believe in ourselves but others

（4）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Create Your Own Life

B. Hold Your Head Up

C. People You Meet in Life

D. Things Happen to You

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要谈论的是要不断的学习，以创造出属于自己的生活。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段At the time they may seem terrible, painful and unfair. But

later you realize that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realized your further ability and strength. 可知你意识到，如果没有克服这些困难，你将永远无法实现你的进一步能力和力量。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据下文的and important ones可知这个词与inportant是近义词，而且都表达积极的意思。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Even the bad experiences can be learned from可知我们甚至可以从坏的经历中学习。故选B。

（4）标题判断题。文章主要谈论的是要不断的学习，以创造出属于自己的生活。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

7．阅读理解

Not long ago, my daughter's shoes were scratched（划损）by someone's knife. I took the shoes to the shoemaker to get them repaired. He looked at them and said to me, "If you trust me, I will add more scratches on both of the shoes."

I was surprised and asked why. He explained," As if the openings were made on purpose for a special style". I didn't fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes there.

Two days later I dropped by from work to fetch the shoes. At the first sight I found there were indeed five or six more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched（打补丁）by red soft leather（皮革）. They looked special. I couldn't help making compliments（赞扬） on the shoemaker's skills.

Another time, there was a large opening on the back of my wife's sister's white coat. My wife took it over, checked carefully, and then said," Let me take it home and mend it."

Three days later, seeing the coat again, I was shocked: the big opening was taken place by a beautiful flower and it took on a wonderful look. I gave my praise," It's just as beautiful as a piece of art!"

Perfection is impossible to achieve in everything, and so is human's life, which will appear in the form of injury, disability or disease. Since you can't change a wound（伤口）, you should not expect people's pity by exposingthe wound, which shows nothing meaningful. All you can do and have to do is to make up the wound by patches and try your best to grow the most beautiful flower on the wound, and that is the meaning of life.

（1）How did the writer feel about the shoemaker's work?

A. Satisfied.

B. Moved.

C. Magic.

D. Angry.

（2）The word "exposing" in the last paragraph is the closest in meaning to " ".

A. appearing

B. showing

C. seeing

D. feeling

（3）It can be inferred（推断） from this passage that .

A. the shoemaker didn't know how to make shoes

B. the shoemaker fooled the writer on purpose

C. the writer's wife was good at mending coats

D. patches are common in our clothes

（4）Which is the best title for this passage?

A. A Wonderful Wife.

B. The Scratches Shoes.

C. A Kind of Perfection.

D. The Patches of Life.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要通过讲述鞋匠修补被刮的鞋子和作者的妻子缝补破旧的衬衫两个例子来说明，补丁是不可避免的，生活中的补丁更是不可避免的，我们要学会给伤口打补丁，寻找自己独特的美。

（1）推理判断题，根据第三段最后一句I couldn't help making compliments（赞扬） on the shoemaker's skills. 我忍不住赞美鞋匠的技能。可推断出作者对鞋匠的工作感到满意，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题，根据Since you can't change a wound（伤口）, you should not expect people's pity by exposingthe wound，这一句可知既然你改变不了伤口，你不应该通过暴露你的伤口来期望人们的同情，可猜测出exposing“暴露”和showing“展示”的意思接近，故选B。

（3）推理判断题，根基文章第五和第六段的描述，可推断出作者的妻子很擅长缝补衣服，故选C。

（4）标题判断题，通读全文可知本文主要通过讲述鞋匠修补被刮的鞋子和作者的妻子缝补破旧的衬衫两个例子来说明，补丁是不可避免的，生活中的补丁更是不可避免的，我们要学会给伤口打补丁，寻找自己独特的美。D项生活的补丁符合题意，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及词义猜测题、推理判断题、标题判断题常考题型，词义猜测题要抓住上下文，善于利用连接词、代词及词性、同义词、反义词等进行判断选择；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；标题判断题要遵循“精、准、全”正确地选取能包含文章的主要内容及作者要表达的观点的选项。

8．阅读理解

Love mysteries but can't find the ones that suit you fine？ Don't worry! Here are some that young readers around the world highly recommend. There must be one that you will win your heart!

Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library Mr. Lemoncello is a famous inventor

in the town. Twelve kids are invited to visit his new library. However, this

isn't a good place to spend the night! The kids must work together to solve

the clues and escapes!

"It's a great book! I had my nose in it all the time!This must be the coolest

library in the world!" ----Kate, 12

Price: ￥38.60（hardcover）/￥31.70（e -book）

From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler

Claudia and her brother Jamie ran away from their suburban home to live

in the Museum of Art in New York City. They enjoy the mystery of an angel

statue that is nearly brought to the museum. Can they solve it?

"I have read this book twenty times! It's a must read for young fans of

puzzles!" ---- Alexa, 11

Price: ￥48.70（hardcover）/￥34.60（e -book）

The London Eye Mystery

Salim suddenly disappears. No one knows where he has gone. His cousins,

Ted and Kate have to follow clues around London and find him before it's

too late. Can they make it?

"An amazing story full of puzzles! It will make you never want to stop

turning the pages!" ---- Gabe, 13

Price: ￥74.70（hardcover）/￥66.60（e -book）

A. Mrs. E.L. Konigsburg

B. The London Eye Mystery

C. Escape from Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library

D. From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil

E. Frankwiller

（2）In the London Eye Mystery, _________.

A. twelve kids try to escape from London

B. two children try to find their missing cousin

C. twelve kids try to escape from a new library

D. two children try to solve the mystery of a statue

（3）By saying "I had my nose in it all the time!" Kate wants to show that_______.

A. the book was really cheap

B. she enjoyed reading the book

C. she liked the smell of the book

D. the book was easy to understand.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是三则广告，介绍了 Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library， From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler和 The London Eye Mystery三本书的内容简介及价

格。

（1）细节题。根据They enjoy the mystery of an angel statue that is nearly brought to the museum.他们喜欢将要带到博物馆的神秘的天使塑像。可知对博物馆的故事感兴趣应该阅读From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler这本书，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 His cousins, Ted and Kate have to follow clues around London and find him before it's too late.可知Ted和 Kate在天黑之前，找到了他们的失踪的堂兄弟。故选B。（3）词句猜测题。根据It'sa great book!它是一本很棒的书，可知作者喜欢这本书，从而猜测出"I had my nose in it all the time!是我喜欢读这本书。故选B。

【点评】本题涉及细节题和词句猜测题，细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；词句猜测题是根据上下文，猜出所需要的信息。

9．阅读理解

Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.

B. Tom Madders

C. Cal Strode

D. Ali Oliver （3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

Many environmental groups are warning that oceans of the world are in great danger. In the past 50 years, the number of water with zero oxygen（氧气） in the open ocean has increased more than four times. In the near coast water bodies, including the river mouth and seas, low-oxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since 1950.Scientists discover that oxygen continues dropping ever outside these zones as the Earth warms. To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分） pollution.

Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans. The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.

This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide, in both the open ocean and the near coast waters. About half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean. However, mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of "dead zones" in the open ocean and the near coast waters, where oxygen is too low to support most sea life.

In the areas traditionally called "dead zones", like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die. As fishes run away from these zones, their living areas become smaller and smaller. But the problem goes far beyond "dead zones". Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death. Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals. Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones, overall biodiversity（多样性）falls.

（1）How to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article?

A. By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world.

B. By taking a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide.

C. By running away from these zones, for the living areas become smaller and smaller.

D. By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans.

（2）Why are these waters called" dead zones" from the article?

A. Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live.

B. Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing.

C. Because there are no animals living in these areas.

D. Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals.

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A. Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen.

B. Climate change can help cut down the dead zones.

C. Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas.

D. Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是介绍了世界海洋正处于极大的危险之中。

（1）细节题。根据To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分）pollution可知，通过控制全球气候变化和营养污染阻止海洋氧气的下降，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die，可知称这些水域为“死区”是因为这些地区的氧气太低，大多数海洋生物无法生存，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.可知，人类活动对海洋环境有许多严重影响正确，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

11．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Sometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.

One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed （接触） to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.

It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）. We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.

How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.

Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time.

Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.

To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.

（1）According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by ________.

A. going to bed on time

B. traveling to new places

C. having dinner as usual

D. printing the same materials

（2）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.

B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.

C. We can take in more information by living through our senses.

D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.

（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Slow Down Time

B. Only Time Will Tell

C. Race Against Time

D. Time Will Not Come Twice

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢。（1）推断题。根据It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations.不同的环境，会产生不同的时间体验，因此推出经历不同的的地方可以扩展自己的体验，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.可知通过我们的感觉生活可以使我们获得更多的信息，故选C。

（3）主旨题。本文主要讲述讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

12．阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Your English teacher has introduced a play to your class. Read the play.

Characters: Benny, student, 14 years old

Peter, students, 15 years old

Susie, student, 14 years old

Grace, student, 14 years old

Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn

Place: Sunny Park

（The four teenagers have just finished the picnic. They are tidying up.）

Benny: Wow! That was a great picnic. I'm so full that I can hardly move.

Grace: That's no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food. Peter, can you put out the fire, please? And clean up the plate.

Peter: （Speaking unhappily to himself） How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs?

It's not fair.

（Peter throws a bit of water on the fire. Then he picks up the ashes （灰烬） with an old newspaper and wants to throw them into the long grass.）

Susie: （Sounding surprised）What are you doing, Peter? That's d…

Peter: Whoops…the newspaper has caught fire.

Susie: And the grass… Benny, Grace, help! Help!

（Benny and Grace come over quickly. They help put out the fire completely.）

Peter: Oh, no. What have I done?

Grace: You know that we should do everything carefully, don't you?

Peter: （With his head in his hands） Yes. What have I done? What have I done?

（1）How does Peter feel about his job?

A. Clean an easy

B. Dirty and difficult

C. Great and interesting

D. Noisy and harmful （2）What word do you think Susie would say in the sentence "That's d…"?

A. dirty

B. difficult

C. delicious

D. dangerous

（3）Which of the following sentences is true?

A. There are five people in the play.

B. Peter's carelessness causes the fire.

C. They have a picnic in the morning.

D. Benny refuses to help others tidy up.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文以角色对话的形式展示了文章的内容。主要是关于四个学生野餐后，需要清理场地。而由于Peter的粗心意外地引起了一场小火灾。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中Peter的第一句话How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs?我怎么能总是得到肮脏和困难的工作？可知，Peter认为自己的工作又脏又难（dirty and difficult）。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。由下文中Peter说得"Whooops...the newspaper has caught fire"，由于Peter把报纸仍在了灰烬堆里，着火了。这是一件危险的事情。可以推知Susie说那样做是危险的。A：dirty脏的；B：difficult 困难的；C：delicious可口的；D：dangerous危险的。故选D。

（3）正误判断题。由文中Characters: Benny, student, 14 years old； Peter, students, 15 years old； Susie, student, 14 years old； Grace, student, 14 years old.可知选项A，不符合文章内容，故排除A；Peter: Whoops…the newspaper has caught fire.和由文中"Susie: And the grass.. Benny, Grace, help! Help!（Benny and Grace come over quickly. They help put out the fire completely）"可知由于彼得的粗心引起火灾，故选项B符合文章内容，故选B；Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn；Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn； Place: Sunny Park；（The four teenagers have just finished the picnic. They are tidying up.）可知选项C不符合文章内容，故排除C； That's no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food. 可知选项D不符合文章大意，故排除D。综上所述，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

13．阅读理解

Hover Camera

Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied

at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight （一夜成名）because of the invention.

Forget selfie sticks（自拍杆）! Compared with other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages.

*It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.

*It can be controlled by using a smartphone.

*It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.

*It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.

Mr. Wang also said, "The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's .very light and small. It can be folded（折叠） in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on its own. "

It's reported that the company has raised $ 25 million to produce it. Hover Camera can be bought now. The price is $ 599.

（1）Hover Camera can.

A. swim in the water

B. fly in midair

C. change its weight

D. be used as a phone （2）The underlined word "track" means "___________".

A. pull

B. follow

C. push

D. show

（3）According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?

A. Because it's light and small.

B. Because it can be folded in three.

C. Because it doesn't need power.

D. Because only a smartphone can make it land.

（4）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. How can we control Hover Camera?

B. When can we buy Hover Camera?

C. How much is Hover Camera?

D. How popular will Hover Camera be?

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那的相机。

（1）细节题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条 It can fly and stay in mid-air，可知它可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture，追随着你的脸，甚至会跟随你，以确保它得到了完美的照片，故可知track词义与follow相近，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据倒数第三段Mr. Wang also said，"The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's very light and small．王先生说："这个主要的考虑是使用者

携带它的时候很容易也很安全，很轻而且小巧，故选A。

（4）细节题。A选项：根据文中列举的好处中的第二条It can be controlled by using a smartphone，它能被智能手机所控制，故排除A．B选项：根据倒数第二段Hover Camera can be bought later this year它可以在年底购买，故排除B,C选项：根据倒数第一段But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600，可知价格也有被提到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

14．阅读理解

A class teacher, in my opinion, plays an important role in a child's development. Every year when my daughter moves to a new class? I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher. This year, she is moving to Class Three and I can't wait to see how things are going on.

Last year, my daughter did not like her teacher at all. It was so bad that she did not look forward to school. It was a year full of trouble and worries.

This year, Miss Purity is gentle and humorous. It's hard not to like her. Here are the changes in my daughter.

She becomes an early bird. Last year, mornings were like a fight because I had to force Tasha to hurry up when she was preparing for school. I had to pull her out of bed, tell her to take breakfast and then drove her to school. But now, our mornings are like a party. She wakes up early, prepares everything at a high speed and then rushes to school to be with Miss Purity.

She's happy. She enjoys school and schoolwork and keeps talking about what they did at school when she comes home.

She's responsible. She used to be careless and forgetful. But now she never forgets even her water bottle at school. She makes her bed and helps in the kitchen.

Her diary is full of praise. The diary is the tool of communication between the teacher and the parents. Last year, her diary was always full of negative （负面的）reports. One time, she poured water in a child's lunchbox. Another time she threw another kid's textbook in the toilet. Now she begins to share her snacks with those who do not have anything. She's always volunteering to clean the blackboard, the teacher's chair and desk.

She does well in school. Finishing her classwork was such a big problem. She had to do it at home. But now, she finishes both the classwork and homework at school.

（1）What is the big worry of Tasha's parent every year?

A. Who will be Tasha's class teacher.

B. Which class Tasha will be in.

C. How Tasha goes to school in the morning.

D. What Miss Purity looks like.

（2）What did Tasha do when she didn't like her class teacher?

A. She had a fight with her mother in the morning.

B. She didn't want to go to school.

C. She missed a lot of classes.

D. She refused to do classwork and homework.

（3）Which of the following is NOT true about Tasha's past?

A. She couldn't finish her classwork at school.

B. She often forgot things at school.

C. She didn't get on well with her classmates.

D. She was careless and silent.

（4）What is NOT mentioned about the changes in Tasha?

A. Her progress with Miss Purity.

B. Her hobbies.

C. Her living habit.

D. Her behavior at school.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍一个班主任在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。（1）细节理解题。根据第一行Every year when my daughter moves to a new class，I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher每一年，当我的女儿搬到了一个新的班级，我通常会有一个大烦恼-她的新班主任。可知，塔莎的父亲每年最大的担心是谁将是塔莎的班主任，故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It was so bad that she did not look forward to school它是如此糟糕，她不想上学．可知，当塔莎不喜欢班主任的时候，就不愿意去上学，故答案为B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句She used to be careless and forgetful她曾经是粗心的和健忘的，可知，D选项"她很粗心的和沉默的"不正确．故答案为D。

（4）细节理解题。根据But now，she finished both the classwork and homework at school．但现在，她完成了在学校的功课和作业．可知，A选项"和Purity小姐呆在一起的进步"提到了；根据But now，our mornings are like a party．She wakes up early但是现在，我早上就像聚会．她很早就醒了，可知，C选项"她的生活习惯"提到了；根据he's always volunteering to clean the blackboard，the teacher's chair and desk．他总是主动擦黑板，老师的椅子和桌子．可知，D选项"她在学校的行为．"提到了；B选项"她的兴趣"文中没提到，故答案为B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

15．阅读理解

Look at the foods around you. From grapes and wainuts （核桃）to cucumbers and spinach （菠菜）, they make our diets special. But did you know that none of the foods above are native to China？They came to China through the Silk Road hundreds of years ago. Are there any foods that are native to China？Of course there are. Rice, soy beans, chestnuts （栗子）, Chinese cabbage and hawthorns（山植）were all grown in China first.

Where are these foods from？

Food Home country Time to enter China

India Tang Dynasty（AD 618﹣907）

Luffs

India and Southeast Asia Han Dynasty（206BC﹣AD220）Eggplant

South Asia Han Dynasty（206BC﹣AD202）Cucumber

Africa Tang Dynasty（AD 618﹣907）

Watermelon

） came to China through the Silk Road.

A. Watermelons and rice

B. Grapes and walnuts

C. Cabbage and fathoms

（2） came to China at the same time.

A. Cucumbers and eggplants

B. Watermelons and eggplants

C. Cucumbers and watermelons

（3）From the text, we know that .

A. luffs are from Africa

B. eggplants are from China

C. none of the foods above in the chart are native to China

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种食物来自哪里及时间。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段From grapes and wainuts（核桃）to cucumbers and spinach （菠菜），They came to China through the Silk Road hundreds of years ago.从葡萄和核桃到黄瓜和菠菜，它们几百年前通过丝绸之路来到中国，可知葡萄和核桃都是从丝绸之路来到的中国，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据表格二和三Luffa，India，Tang Dynasty（AD 618﹣907）Eggplant，India and Southeast Asia，Han Dynasty（206BC﹣AD220）茄子，印度与东南亚，汉代（206BC﹣AD220）；黄瓜，南亚，汉代（206BC﹣AD202）可知，茄子和黄瓜都来自汉代，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文字还有表格可知，文字和上面图表中的食物都不是中国本土的。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

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