what用法总结

what用法总结

温馨提示:what用法很多，对专升本有用的我已经用红色字体显示，由于部分同学考研可能要用到，把几乎所有用法都附上了。

what的用法是各种类型英语科测试的热点，what的用法灵活多变，出题花样翻新，只有对其有一个全面的掌握，才能灵活运用。本文以2006年的两道高考题为例，总结what的用法，希望能让同学们对它有一个全面的了解。

The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _____ he thought was not enough.（2006山东卷第26题）

A. where

B. how

C. what

D. which 答案：C

Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.（2006安徽卷第32题）

A. what; when

B. that; which

C. what; which

D. which; that 答案：A.

上述两题中的what都是关系代词，一般含义是“the thing that”。第一题中what 的意思是“the price that”，引导宾语从句；第二题中what的意思是“the school that”，引导的是表语从句。what的其他结构还有：

一、what + little

在此结构中，little是名词，强调某种东西“虽少但已是全部”，至于被强调的是什么，只能凭借上下文来判断。

例如：（1）What little he said on the subject was full of wisdom.

（2）She saved what little of the money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother

go to school

二、what little + 名词

此结构为上一结构的延伸，所不同的是，little在这里不是名词，而是形容词了。

例如：（1）He gave me what little money he had about him.

（2）My father spent what little spare time he had in writing.

三、what + few + 名词

当被修饰的名词为可数名词时，little应换成few，含义为“仅有的几个”。

例如：（1）What few friends I have are very kind to me.

（2）I will lend you what few books I can spare.

四、what if

这是一种常用的省略结构，相当于“what will(would) happen if …”，意思是“如果……怎么办”。例如：What if he does not come?

五、what is called

此结构为“what we call”的被动形式，意为“通常所说的”、“所谓的”、“一般所说的”。例如：

（1）That is what is called Newton’s law.

（2）They are what is called “the lowly” in the USA.

六、what with (by)…and what with (by)

“what with (by)”相当于“partly with”，意思是“一则……再则……”、“一方面……另一方面……”、“由于……和……的缘故”，第二个“what with”有时可省略。

例如：（1）What with overwork and (what with) undernourishment, she fell ill.

（2）What by policy, what by force, the English made themselves masters of all India.

七、what作连词

what作连词，表示两种事物之间的相似关系，分以下几种情况：

1. A is to B what C is to D.

例如：（1）A pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter.

（2）Air is to us what water is to fish.

2. A does for B what C does for D.

例如：Leaves do for plants what lungs do for animals.

3. What C is to D that A is to B.

该结构是由第二种结构演变而来，what引导的从句与what引导的主句呼应。

例如：What food is to man’s body, that reading is to the mind.

上述句型中的介词to、for可根据需要变换为其他介词。

例如：What the lion is among beasts is that the eagle among birds./Letters do in writing what sounds do in speaking.

八、what for

意思是“为什么”，相当于why。例如：What did you do that for?

九、what though

意思是“即使……又有什么关系”。

例如：What though it’s raining?/What though the way is long?

十、what of

这是一种惯用法，意为“那又怎么样呢”、“那有什么关系呢”。

例如：（1）His speech may not be exactly standard English but what of that?

（2）—The boy is wearing a red coat.—What of it?

十一、but what

用于疑问句之后，意为“不……而不”，

例如：There isn’t a day but what it rains these days.

十二、so what

口语中，常含有“不高兴”、“不重视”之意，可译为“那又怎么样呢”。

例如：You don’t like my drinking. So what?

十三、what’s what

口语中通常与动词know、tell、learn、show等连用，意为“事情的真相”。例如：（1）It will take you a few weeks to know what’s what in this job.

（2）If you want to know, I will tell you what’s what.

十四、what it takes

what引导名词性从句，常常与动词have或have got连用，意为“取得成功或达到目的的必要条件”。

例如：（1）He’ll be all right. He’s got what it takes.

（2）She may not be very gifted but she certainly has what it takes.

十五、and what not

这一用法相当于“and some things of the same kind”，意思是“等等”。

例如：We had some beef, and what not in the restaurant.

十六、what has become of …?

这一结构的意思是“……的结果如何”、“……的下场如何”。

例如：What has become of the rebellion?

by的用法总结

by的用法小结： 1、介词prep. 在…旁；靠近 · Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。 · Stand by me! 站到我的身旁来！ · We spent our holiday by the sea. 我们在海边度假。 2、介词prep. 经过 · He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁，没有说话。 · My brother goes by the building every day. 我弟弟每天从这楼旁走过。 3、介词prep. 用；靠；通过 using (showing who or what did something) · I know it by heart. 我把它记在心头。 · They can read by touch. 他们可以通过手摸来阅读。 · By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小时时间阅读英语。 4、介词prep. 不迟于 not later than · I shall be back by 5 o'clock. 最迟五点我一定回来。 · How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末，你们举行了几次英语晚会？ 5、介词prep. 通过；沿着 through; along; over

· We came through the fields, not by the road. 我们是穿过田野而不是沿那条路来的。· to send a letter by post 通过邮局寄信 6、介词prep. （表示作者）被；由 word that shows the author, painter, etc. · Thirty divided by two is fifteen. 三十除以二得十五。 · The child was saved by a PLA man. 这孩子是由一位解放军战士救活的。 · This bridge was built by the soldiers. 这座桥是士兵们造的。 7、介词prep. （指交通等）乘；用 word that shows what kind of transport, etc. · The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 · They went to Shanghai by air. 他们坐飞机去上海。 8、介词prep. 在…情况下；在…时间during · Do you prefer travelling by day or by night? 你喜欢在白天还是在夜晚旅行？ 9、介词prep. （表示部分）在…部位word that shows which part · She led the child by the hand. 她拉着孩子的手往前走。 10、副词adv. 在旁边

初中英语介词用法归纳总结

初中英语介词用法归纳总结 常用介词基本用法辨析 表示方位的介词：in, to, on 1. in 表示在某地范围之内。 Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 2. to 表示在某地范围之外。 Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。 Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。 表示计量的介词：at, for, by 1. at 表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。 It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。 I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。 2. for 表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。 He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。

注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。 3. by 表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。 They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。 表示材料的介词：of, from, in 1. of 成品仍可看出原料。 This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from 成品已看不出原料。 Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in 表示用某种材料或语言。 Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。 表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on 1. by 用某种方式，多用于交通。 I went there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。 2. with表示“用某种工具”。

(完整版)by的用法总结.doc

by 的用法小： 1、介prep. 在?旁；靠近 ·Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我的老正坐在窗旁。 ·Stand by me! 站到我的身旁来！ ·We spent our holiday by the sea. 我在海度假。 2、介prep. ·He walked by me without speaking. 他走我的身旁，没有。 ·My brother goes by the building every day. 我弟弟每天从楼旁走。 3、介prep. 用；靠；通 using (showing who or what did something) ·I know it by heart. 我把它在心。 ·They can read by touch. 他可以通手摸来。 ·By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小英。 4、介prep. 不于 not later than ·I shall be back by 5 o'clock. 最五点我一定回来。 ·How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末，你行了几次英晚会？ 5、介prep. 通；沿着 through; along; over ·We came through the fields, not by the road. 我是穿田野而不是沿那条路来的。 ·to send a letter by post 通局寄信 6、介prep. （表示作者）被；由

use用法总结

u s e用法总结 -标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

use的用法简单归纳如下： 1. used to do sth.意为"过去常常做某事"，它表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，而现在已不再发生或存在。这个短语含有今昔对比之意，其否定形式常用used not to或didn't use to。反意疑问句中应该用did/didn't或used/usedn't。例如： I used to swim in this river when I was young.我年轻时常在这条河里游泳。 They used to be good friends, didn't they他们过去是好朋友，是吗？ 2. be used to sth. / doing sth.意为"习惯、适应某事/做某事"，它表示习惯于某一客观事实或状态，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词；be used可用于多种时态；如强调动作可用get或become替换be。例如： Old people are used to getting up early in the morning.老年人习惯早晨很早起床。 I wasn't used to city life, but now I have got used to living in this city.我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在我已习惯住在这座城市了。 3. be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事"，其中use表"使用"之意，是被动语态形式，to是动词不定式符号。例如： Wood can be used to make paper.树木可以用来造纸。 4. be used for...意为"被当做……",其中use表"使用"之意，是被动语态形式。例如： The seal's fur can be used for coats.海豹皮可当做大衣用。 5. be of use意为"有用的"，其中use是名词，可用形容词来修饰。例如： The dictionary is of great use to the students.这本字典对学生们很有用。 6. be in use意为"在使用"，其中use也是名词。例如：

介词by用法归纳-九年级

页脚.

. . 教学过程 一、课堂导入 本堂知识是初中最常见的介词by的一个整理与总结，让学生对这个词的用法有一个系统的认识。页脚.

. . 二、复习预习 复习上一单元的知识点之后，以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目，再老师没有讲解的情况下，让学生独立思考，给出答案与解释，促进学生发现问题，同时老师也能发现学生的盲点，并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 页脚.

. . 三、知识讲解 知识点1： by + v.-ing结构是一个重点，该结构意思是“通过……，以……的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式得到某种结果”，即表示行为的方式或手段。 I practice speaking English by joining an English-language club. 我通过加入一个英语语言俱乐部来练习讲英语。 Mr Li makes a living by driving taxis.先生靠开出租车为生。 页脚.

. . 页脚. 介词by + v.-ing 结构常用来回答How do you...?或How can I...?之类的问题。 —How do you learn English? 你怎样学习英语呢？ —I learn English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来学英语。 —How can I turn on the computer? 我怎样才能打开电脑呢？ —By pressing this button. 按这个按钮。 知识点2：by 是个常用介词，其他用法还有： 1【考查点】表示位置，意思是“在……旁边”，“靠近……”，有时可与beside互换。 The girls are playing by (beside) the lake. 女孩们正在湖边玩。 此时要注意它与介词near有所不同，即by 表示的距离更“近”。比较： He lives by the sea. 他住在海滨。 He lives near the sea. 他住在离海不远处。

(完整版)time的用法总结

一. time的短语 from time to time 有时 on time 准时寸,in time 及时寸; all the time 始终，一直; at the same time 同时, ahead of time 提前 at no time 绝不 some time 一段时间 sometime在某一时候”可用来指过去或将来 sometimes （at times, from time to time）有时，不时” at a time （a time）

at one time （once） at times ( sometimes) in no time (immediately ) 立刻，马上; have a good/nice time (enjoy on eself) 过的愉快 for the time being 暂时” “ Many a time/many times 多次 take one ' s time容 kill time消磨时间 【活学活用】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项 1. Jim comes to visit us from time to time. That' always the happiest time for the family. A. on time B. sometime

C. at times D. some times 2．At no time ______ study though __ ___great progress. A. should we give up; we have made B. shouldn 'w t e give up; we have made C. we should give up; we have made D. we shouldn 'g t ive up; have we made 3. ---When shall we visit the Science Museum?” --- ________ next week. ” A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Sometimes 答案：1. C2.A 3A 二．time 相关从属连词高考常考点 1. every time / each time 每次Every time I call on him, he is out.

by用法的练习题

by用法的练习题 1. Come and sit _______ （我旁边）. 2. There is a big tree _______ （在河边）. 3. _______________ （到上星期日）I had finished the book . 4. Can you finish the work _____ （在五点之前）. 5. Her mother goes to work ____ bus every morning. A.by B.at C.take D.o n 6.She came home _________ （乘飞机）. 7.Did you make the desk ___________ （自己独自）？ 8.She made a meal for her parents __________ （独自）for the first time. 9. _______________ （顺便问一下）how many people are there in your family? 10. You should know her ______________ （逐渐地）. 11.Ice has been turned into water ___________ （受热）. 12. ________________ （不久以后）more and more people bega n to study En glish . 13. he Great Wall was built ____________ （用手）. 14. He makes a livi ng _________________ （通过教书）. 15. -How do you lear n En glish? -I learn English ________________________ （通过向老师请教的方式）. used to相关用法的练习题 一、翻译 1. 我妈妈习惯早起。 2. 王先生曾经是一位工人。 3. 他过去常常骑自行车上学。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空： 1. We used to _ （go ）swimming last year. 2.1 am used to ___ （run）every morning. 3. Bamboos are used to _（build） houses there. 4. They have bee n used to ___ （live ） in the coun tryside. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子： 1.1 ___________________ the food here.（我习惯于吃这儿的食物。）

超全的英语介词用法归纳总结

超全的英语介词用法归纳总结常用介词基本用法辨析 表示方位的介词：in, to, on 1. in 表示在某地范围之内。 Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 2. to 表示在某地范围之外。 Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。 Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。 表示计量的介词：at, for, by 1. at 表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。 It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。 I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。 2. for 表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。 He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。 注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。

3. by 表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。 They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。 表示材料的介词：of, from, in 1. of 成品仍可看出原料。 This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from 成品已看不出原料。 Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in 表示用某种材料或语言。 Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。 表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on 1. by 用某种方式，多用于交通。 I went there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。 2. with表示“用某种工具”。 He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。

with用法小结

with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意

插入语用法归纳

插入语用法归纳 插入语用法很多,在句子中的位置比较灵活,在学习中应当认真去体会。大体而言,插入语可以分为以下几类: 1. 用简短的句子结构作插入语。这类短语有:I think, I hope, I guess, I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tell you, I say, I'm afraid, I'm sure, you see, you know, as you know, that is, that is to say, what's more等等,它们可以置于句中或句尾。如: I suggest you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly. This diet, I think, will do good to your health. It won't be raining long, I hope. You will have to work harder, you know, if you want to succeed. 2. 副词或副词短语用作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首或句尾。如: Happily for him, his father's second wife was kind to him too. You'll be able to pass the coming exam, surely. Luckily for him, he didn't hurt in the accident. Honestly, I don't need it at the moment. 3. 介词或介词短语作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首,有时也可放在句中。如: Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in other words, I'm an only child. By the way, Bob sends his best wishes. On the other hand, I didn't know you were there. In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. 4. 分词短语作插入语。如: Judging from your accent, you must be from England. Generally speaking, he is the best student in our class. Compared with China, the USA is smaller. 5. 不定式短语作插入语。如: To put it mildly, he was not up to the mark. To tell you the truth, I don't want to see her. To be sure, Jim is a faster skater, but he is not good at doing figures. To conclude, it was a great success. 在日常交际用语和书面表达中，插入语频频出现。英语中的插入语（Parenthesis）是插在句子中的一个词，短语或从句，通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开，它与句子的其他部分之间没有语法上的关系，因此，有的语法学家将其归为独立成分。 插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释，说明或总结；有时表示说话者的态度和看法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对方的注意；还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。 插入语大致可分为以下10种类型： 1. 形容词或形容词短语作插入语

介词的用法总结归纳

介词的用法总结归纳 一、 In 介词 prep. 1.(表示位置)在…里面; 在, 于; 在…部位上 I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。 They live in France.他们住在法国。 2.(表示时间)在…时期, 在…之后, 在过程中 In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs. 她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。 I cannot see you now, e back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。 3.(表示方向)往…内, 朝…方向 I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。 4.(表示状态)处于…之中, 在…情况下 Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。 They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。 5.(表示方式)用, 以, 按, 乘, 以…形式 They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。 They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。

6.(表示原因)由于, 为了 He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。 7.(表示领域, 范围)在…以内 It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。 8.(表示结果)当做, 作为 What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢? 9.(表示目的)为了 They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。 10.[表示职业、活动等]从事于，参加 11.[表示数量、程度、比例]按，以;从…中 12.[表示品质、能力等]在…之中;在…身上 I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。 二、Into 介词 prep. 1.(表示时间)持续到, 进行到 The meeting carried on into the afternoon.会议一直延续到下午。 2.(表示方向)进入…中, 到…里 Anney dived into the water.安尼潜入水中。 He came into the room.他到房子里面。 3.(表示状态)进入…状态, 欠…债

to 用法总结

be/get/become used to 习惯于 be related to 与…有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于；对…上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于；专心于 be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于 be admitted to 被…录取；准进入 be reduced to 沦为 reduce…to…使…沦为 be attached to附属于；喜欢；依恋 be adjusted to 适应 be sentenced to被判处 be exposed to 暴露于；遭受 be/become/ get accustomed to//accustomed to 惯于；有…习惯be engaged to 与…订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致 object to反对；不喜欢；不赞成 give rise to 引起 stick to 坚持； see to 负责；注意 contribute to对…作贡献；有助于 make contributions to对…作贡献 apply oneself to 致力于 in addition to除…之外 turn to转向；求助于 look up to 尊敬 belong to 属于 take to 喜爱；开始 respond to 回答；对…作出回应 amount to等于 refer to 谈到；参考；查阅 turn a blind eye to对…视而不见 turn a deaf ear to 对…充耳不闻 show honour to向…表示敬意 propose a toast to 提议…… set fire to 放火烧…… occur to sb. 想起；想到 hold to 坚持；抓住 help oneself to 随便用…… hold on to 抓住；固守

疑问代词用法总结归纳

疑问代词用法总结归纳 以下是为大家整理的疑问代词的用法总结，希望能帮助大家更好地认识疑问代词，提高英语水平。 1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个： 指人：who, whom, whose 指物：what 既可指人又可指物：which 2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较： 疑问代词：Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的? 限定词：Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?哪些事件使密西西比

河以东的大部分土地归属于美国? 说明1： 无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如： What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘? Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘? 说明2： Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom, 例如： Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语，置句首) Who(m) did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语) To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语，置介词后，不能用who 取代。) 说明3： 疑问代词还可引导名词性从句，例如：

初中英语介词用法归纳整理

初中英语介词用法归纳整理 表示时间的介词 at：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。 on:用于星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上指具体的某一天时，一律用on in:用于表示周，月，季节，年，泛指上午，下午，晚上 before:在...之前 after:在...之后 by:在....前时间截止到... untiltill：直到.....为止 for：达...之久表示过了多少时间 during：在....期间 through：一直..从开始到结束 from：从...起时间 since:自从...以来表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续 in：过...后未来时间 within：不超过...的范围 表示场所，方向的介词 at :在某地点表示比较狭窄的场所 in:在某地表示比较宽敞的场所 on:在...上面，有接触面 above：在...上方 over：在...正上方，是under的反义词 under：在..下面，在...之内 below :在...下方不一定是正下方

near：近的，不远的 by:在...的旁边，比near的距离要近 between：在两者之间 among：在三者或者更多的之中 around：环绕，在...的周围，在....的四周 in front of:在...的前面 behind：在...后边 in：在..之内，用于表示静止的位置 into：进入 out of :和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 along：沿着 across：横过平面物体 through：贯通，通过 to :达到..地点目的地或方向 for：表示目的，为了..... from：从...地点起 其他介词 with：和..在一起; 具有，带有; 用某种工具或方法 in：表示用什么材料例如：墨水，铅笔等或用什么语言。表示衣着.声调特点时，不用with而用in。 by:通过...方法，手段 of:属于...的，表示...的数量或种类 from：来自某地，某人，以...起始 without：没有，是with的反义词 like :像...一样

的用法总结

I t的用法总结 一. 代词: 1)指代上文 2)指代this/that 3)指代未知性别的婴儿或孩子或身份不明的人 4）指代时间/地点/天气/温度/距离/环境 1.It gets dark very early in the winter. 2.What will you call it if it’s a boy 3.I love spring---It’s a wonderful time of the year. 4.It’s less than 100 kilometres from here to Jinan. 5.When the factory closes, it will mean 500 people losing their jobs. 6.What’s this It’s a cat. 7.It has snowed much this year. (1)The book in your bag is very interesting. Can I borrow (2) The book in your bag is more interesting than ______ on the desk. (3) The weather here is much colder than____ in Nanjing. (4) The books are free. You can take____ free of charge. (5) The books in the bag are better than _____ on the desk.

by的用法小结

by的用法小结 1.用于被动语态的句子中,表示动作的执行者,意为“被;由”。 He was praised by the teacher.他受到了老师的表扬。 The book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。 2.表示方式、方法、手段等,后常接无冠词的名词或动名词,意为“通过;靠;用”。 Don't judge a person by appearances. 勿以貌取人。 He made a living by teaching.他以教书为生。 3.表示时间,意为“到……时(为止”或“不迟于……”。 He ought to be here by now.他现在应该在这儿了。 By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语单词。 4.表示(增减)程度,尺寸数量等,意为“至……的程度”。 the bullet missed me by two inches.那子弹以两英寸之差未击中我。 the rope needs to be longer by two feet.这绳子需要再长两英尺。 5.表示交通路线或工具,后接名词不用冠词,意为“乘;坐”。 go by bus / plane / train 乘汽车(飞机、火车)去 travel by land / sea / air 陆上(海上、空中)旅行 6.表示位置,意为“在近旁;在……旁边”。 There is a pumping station by the river.河边有个抽水站。

英语中一些重点词的用法归纳总结

since的用法：译作“自从…以来” (1)接时间点：如 I have stayed in that country since 1995.要求：谓v.用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词. (2)接一段时间 + ago：如 They have lived in that house since two years ago.要求：谓v. 用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词. (3)接时间状语从句：如 I have loved her since I met her last time./ Lily has stayed at home since she left school.要求：主句的谓v.用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词；从句的谓v.用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词. (4)用于句型“It’s / It has been + 一段时间 + since + 时间状语从句”中,译作“自从… 以来,已经…(时间)了”.如 It’s / has been three months since he moved to this city.要求：主句的谓v.用一般现在时或现在完成时；从句的谓v.用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词. (5)用于句型“一段时间 + has passed since + 时间状语从句”中,译作“自从…以来,… (时间)已经过去了”.如上个例句还可写成：Three months has passed since he moved to this city.要求：主句的谓v.用现在完成时,而且动词必须是has passed；从句的谓v.用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词. (6)注：当since用于否定句时,主句的谓v.可以是终止性动词.如 He hasn’t seen the film since last month. (7)相关词组：“从那时起”：ever since、since then、from then on. 注：ever since作为一个词组,放句尾可单独使用.如I have given up smoking ever since.另外,还可在since后接句子.since前加ever,只是加重语气而已.如 I have given up smoking ever since I caught a bad cough. (8) since还可引导原因状语从句,译作“由于；因为”,相当于because.如 Since he was lazy,he didn’t finish his homework.

介词for 的常见用法归纳

介词for 的常见用法归纳 贵州省黔东南州黎平县黎平一中英语组廖钟雁介词for 用法灵活并且搭配能力很强，是一个使用频率非常高的词，也是 高考必考的重要词汇，现将其常见用法归纳如下，供参考。 1.表时间、距离或数量等。 ①意为“在特定时间，定于，安排在约定时间”。如： The meeting is arranged for 9 o’clock. 会议安排在九点进行。 ②意为“持续达”，常于last、stay 、wait等持续性动词连用，表动作持续的时间，有时可以省略。如： He stayed for a long time. 他逗留了很久。 The meeting lasted （for）three hours. 会议持续了三小时。 ③意为“（距离或数量）计、达”。例如： He walked for two miles. 他走了两英里。 The shop sent me a bill for $100.商店给我送来了100美元的账单。 2. 表方向。意为“向、朝、开往、前往”。常与head、leave 、set off、start 等动词连用。如： Tomorrow Tom will leave for Beijing. 明天汤姆要去北京。 He put on his coat and headed for the door他穿上大衣向门口走去。 介词to也可表示方向，但往往与come、drive 、fly、get、go、lead、march、move、return、ride、travel、walk等动词连用。 3.表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。常与thank、famous、reason 、sake 等词连用。如: Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 For several reasons, I’d rather not meet him. 由于种种原因，我宁可不见他。 The West Lake is famous for its beautiful scenery.西湖因美景而闻名。 4.表示目的,意为“为了、取、买”等。如: Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。 I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。 He plays the piano for pleasure. 他弹钢琴是为了消遣。 There is no need for anyone to know. 没必要让任何人知道。 5.表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给、为、对于”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。 Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。