最新高考英语任务型阅读试题(含答案)

最新高考英语任务型阅读试题(含答案)

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance. ________ They look like ants but actually they belong to the wasp（黄蜂）family. The differences between the two sexes of the species are also very pronounced in both appearance and behavior. When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female. ________ Cute as panda ants may look, they are dangerous and capable of knocking out an animal much larger than they are with a few stings（刺）.

Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food. ________ The female panda ant often lays its eggs in a bee or wasp nest. When the young ones. hatch, they will eat their pupa （蛹）hosts.

________ So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2, 000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out.

This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938. ________

Today, they are likely to be found in dry desert and sandy areas such as Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico.

A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.

B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.

C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.

D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.

E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.

F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.

G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.

【答案】 B；E；C；F；G

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一种非常不寻常的物种——熊猫蚂蚁。

A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.把熊猫作为宠物饲养是一种新的时尚。

B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.这个名字来自熊猫的颜色。

C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.然而，年轻的熊猫蚂蚁是食肉动物。

D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.没有人相信熊猫蚂蚁是蜜蜂的亲戚。

E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.此外，雄性在夜间活动，而雌性则相反。

F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.不幸的是，许多熊猫蚂蚁因为鲜艳的颜色而被吃掉。

G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.直到最近，对它的关注很少。

（1）根据前句The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance.可知这里来解释熊猫蚂蚁名字的由来。故选B。

（2）根据前句When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female.可知，这里继续讲雄蚁与雌蚁的区别。故选E。

（3）根据前句Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food.中的关键词food可知，这里接着前句叙述小熊猫蚂蚁的食物。故选C。

（4）根据后句So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2，000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out.中关键词support their survival和the edge of dying out可知，许多熊猫蚂蚁被吃。故选F。（5）根据前句This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938.可知，直到最近才引起人们的注意。故选G。

【点评】七选五的答案选项较少并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或句子但后面的标点符号来判断该句在我在中的位置。另外通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达不同意思的句子，就可以直接将该选项排除。

2．任务型阅读

Perhaps at one point in time, it was acceptable to start any letter or e-mail with “To Whom It May Concern.”________ Starting your cover letter or e-mail for a job this way might give off the impression that you didn't do your research on who you're writing to________After all, people who address other people by their names when writing and speaking to them tend to be more pleasant.

________It can be used in letters of recommendation or reference, formal complaints（抱怨）made to a company, letters of introduction, and letters of interest.

Grammarly uses the example of needing to write a letter of recommendation, for a colleague w ho will have to make several copies to distribute to interviewers________“In most cases, though, try to narrow your focus rather than cast a broad net,” notes Grammarly.”Ask yourself. Who does this e-mail concern? If you can honestly answer 'Anyone, 'then feel free to use “To Whom It May Concern.” （These are the things you should never say in your cover letter.）

If you do happen to find that using “To Whom It May Concern” is appropriate, don't make grammar mistakes, for example, letters or punctuation.________

A. However, it maybe interesting.

B. Those times have changed, though.

C. Making mistakes in writing will surely get you low scores.

D. It's also very impersonal, which some employers might not appreciate.

E. In that circumstance, sending and receiving letters is more of a formal greeting.

F. You might want to take note of other common errors you might be committing, too.

G. But according to Grammarly, there are four times when it's OK to use this greeting.

【答案】B；D；G；E；F

【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。现在写求职信与过去不同了。不写具体称呼会让收信的人不舒服的，通用称呼只有几种场合才能用。如果要用这种的话，也要注意别犯一些常见

的语法错误。

（1）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本句主要根据时态来判断。空前是一般过去时，讲的是写信用通用称呼，而不是具体称呼在过去是可接受的。空后是一般现在时，现在最好要称呼具体，否则会让人不喜欢。由此可推断出空前后是今昔对比，有所不同的。分析选项可知，B项（Those times have changed, though. 然而，那些时代已经改变了）。可知符合题意。过去的那种现象已不适合现在了，会留下不好的印象。故答案选B。

（2）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的内容：用这样的方式（没写收信人的名字）写求职信或电子邮件可能会给你留下一个印象，那就是你没有对你要写的东西做任何研究。空后：毕竟写信称呼他们的名字可能会更令人高兴。由此可推断出如果没写收信人的名字，可能会让人不喜欢。分析选项D项（这也是非常客观的，有些老板可能不欣赏）放入句中“如果写求职信时不写称呼可能会让人不喜欢。毕竟有称呼才会让人高兴”，句意是通顺的。故答案选D。

（3）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本段的内容：它可以用在推荐信或证明信、对公司提出的正式投诉、介绍信和感兴趣的信件中。可知它用于四种场合。分析选项可知，G项（But according to Grammarly, there are four times when it's OK to use this greeting）但是根据Grammarly的说法，使用这个问候语有四次，可知本句中正好是可用于四种场合，且选项G项与本段有意思及词（use）的复现。因此符合题意，故答案选G。（4）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空前：对于一个必须复制几份推荐信发给不同的面试官的同事为例。由此可知写的求职信，要用正式用语。分析选项，可知E项（In that circumstance, sending and receiving letters is more of a formal greeting.）在这种情况下，发送和接收信件更多的是正式的问候语，符合题意，放入文中符合题意，故答案选E。（5）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的内容don't make grammar mistakes, for example, letters or punctuation. 不要犯语法错误，例如字母或标点符号，这是常见的错误。分析选项，可知F项（你可能会留意这些常见错误）与之有句意的重叠。放入句中，检验可知，文中之意是在写信时，不要犯一些常见的语法错误，如拼写和标点符号，也许你正在犯的错误。通过检验，推断出F项符合题意，故答案选F。

【点评】七选五解题步骤如下：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项；步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。

3．任务型阅读

Many people think only professionals—engineers, accountants, teachers, etc.—have careers.________ Even if you've never had a paid job, you still have a career. Your career is the sum of your life and work. It includes all your activities and experiences. Your schooling, your volunteer work, and even your relationships with your family are all big parts of your career.________

During your career, you will have a variety of jobs, occupations and roles. People used to think of a job as full-time, permanent, paid work done for an employer at a work site. But in our

changing world, a job is a set of duties or tasks. It can be paid or unpaid________ Even someone who is self-employed has a job.

An occupation is a group of jobs with similar responsibilities that require a common set of skills.________ Programmers may have permanent or temporary jobs working for specific employers, be self-employed, work full-time or part-time, be paid for their work or volunteer their services. They may change jobs or hold several jobs at one time but, until they change the type of duties or tasks they perform, they are still computer programmers.

________ We all play a number of roles in our lives and our roles often change over time. For example, Kris works four days a week as a receptionist in a clinic and takes evening courses in social work. She also sews gymnastic wear for her neighbor who sells it at summer markets. Now Kris has at least three roles.

A. A role is a part you play.

B. Actually everyone has a career.

C. In other words, your career is your life story.

D. For example, computer programmer is an occupation.

E. As a matter of fact, a job is different from a role in some way.

F. It can be completed at a work site, at home, or somewhere else.

G. The following is about your work, your family, and your life story.

【答案】B；C；F；D；A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了我们每个人都有一份职业，其实我们的职业就是我们的生活和工作的总和。

（1）根据后句Even if you've never had a paid job, you still have a career.可知，事实上，每个人都有一份职业。故答案选B。

（2）根据前句Your schooling, your volunteer work, and even your relationships with your family are all big parts of your career.可知，所有的一切都是你的职业。故答案选C。

（3）根据前句But in our changing world, a job is a set of duties or tasks. It can be paid or unpaid.和后句Even someone who is self-employed has a job.可知，它可以在工作地点、家里或其他地方完成。故答案选F。

（4）根据前句An occupation is a group of jobs with similar responsibilities that require a common set of skills.和后句Programmers may have permanent or temporary jobs working for specific employers, be self-employed, work full-time or part-time, be paid for their work or volunteer their services.可知，计算机程序员是一份职业。故答案选D。

（5）根据后句We all play a number of roles in our lives and our roles often change over time.可知，我们在生活中都扮演着许多角色，并且我们的角色随着时间而改变。故答案选A。【点评】1．理清句际间意义的关系：文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段或全文的内容。

2．找出句子之间的连接性的词语：文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系有承接关系。

4．任务型阅读

Should schoolchildren have jobs?

Now at school, the last thing you probably want to do is spend your weekends going to work. There is homework to do and sport to play________ When I was a teenager I had a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking(摆放)shelves and working at the checkout.

Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs________Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing your money. So, that's no bad thing!

Some research has shown that not taking on a Saturday or holiday job could be harmful to a person later on. But despite this, recent statistics have shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.

________Probably not. Some experts feel that young people feel going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College leaders, told BBC News “Properly regulated part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives”. In reality, it's all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.

________One 13 year old girl called Rachel, who has a Saturday job in a shop, told the BBC that “I enjoy my job because I'm earning money and it helps increase my confidence in speaking to people and socializing with people I work with.” That seems like something worth getting up on a Saturday morning________

A. Do you do a part-time job when you are at school?

B. So you are not free to do what you are feeling like doing.

C. It is a waste of time and does no good to your career prospect.

D. It's a waste of independence and a useful thing to put on your CV (简历).

E. Does this mean that British teenagers? Are now more afraid of hard work?

F. But your parents probably persuade you to find a job and get some life experience.

G. Many young people actually want to work because it gives them a sense of freedom.

【答案】F；D；E；G；A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，对学童是否应该有工作这个问题进行了讨论。(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“When I was a teenager I had a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking(摆放)shelves and working at the checkout.”当我还是个孩子的时候我在超市有一个星期六的工作：摆放货架和做结帐工作。我就是在父母的说服下去做工作的，可知上文：但你的父母可能会说服你找份工作并获得一些生活经验。故选F。(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs”今天，在英国，你被允许从13岁开始工作，许多孩子确实从事兼职工作。可知下文：它（孩子从事兼职工作）被放在

你的简历里也是一件有用的事情。因为下文中的it是指上文提到的“孩子从事兼职工作”，故选D。

(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Probably not. ”“可能不是”就是对上文“这是否意味着英国青少年现在更害怕艰苦的工作？”的一个回答。即：可能不是害怕艰苦工作，而是学业压力太重了。故选E。

(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“I enjoy my job because I'm earning money and it helps increase my confidence in speaking to people and socializing with people I work with.”我挣钱，有助于提高我与人交谈和社交的信心。可知上文：许多年轻人实际上想工作，因为这给了他们一种自由感。可以用自己的钱做自己想做的事，还能自由交流。故选G。

(5)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。在文章结尾处用一句疑问句“你在学校做兼职工作吗？”对本段主题“对学童是否应该有工作这个问题的一个讨论”作为结尾，希望获得更多的信息。故选A。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

5．Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

The North Star

Among the pile of stars in the universe, there are a couple that are of great importance to people on Earth. The sun, of course, is one of them. The other is known as Polaris, the North Star. ________ Therefore, it is a great compass(指南针).When people in the northern part of Earth look toward Polaris, they can be certain that they are facing north. The permanence of Polaris in the north sky has helped countless people find their destinations.

Before the invention of modern navigation tools, sailors relied on Polaris. From the top of their ships, sailors would look for Polaris to figure out their place at sea. They figured out the angle between the star and the horizon to determine their latitude(纬度). As long as the equations were not wrong, the results were very reliable. Polaris also let sailors determine North, South, East, and West. ________

To those who sail at night, changeable storms and dark clouds were more than annoying things.________ It's possible for a captain to make an accidental wrong turn. The ship could become stranded at sea, and the frustrated captain would have no way to get the ship back on the right course. The sailor's fears wouldn't be relieved until the clouds cleared and Polaris came back into view. Even today, sailors sometimes choose to steer by using Polaris on clear nights.

________ The Big Dipper, a constellation that is well known in astrology, appears to revolve around Polaris. The handle of the Big Dipper always points to the North Star. When people get lost, it's comforting to know that their problems can be relieved by looking at the sky.

A. It's not difficult to tell the Polaris apart from the pile of other stars in the universe.

B. People who are lost can be relieved by gazing up at Polaris.

C. By knowing directions and their location, sailors could easily steer their ships.

D. They could destroy entire journeys by blocking the view of Polaris.

E. It's certain that the Polaris is part of a constellation(星座), which is not far from it.

F. It is special because it is the only star that always appears to be in the same place in the sky.【答案】 F；C；D；A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北极星对我们的作用和意义。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Therefore, it is a great compass(指南针).”可知，因此是一个很好的指南针，讲述北极星的作用，F. It is special because it is the only star that always appears to be in the same place in the sky.“北极星特殊之处在于它似乎总在天空的同一个位置，”故可以用作指南针，切题，故选F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Polaris also let sailors determine North, South, East, and West”可知，北极星可以帮助水手确定东南西北方向，C. By knowing directions and their location, sailors could easily steer their ships.“确定方向和位置之后，就可以调整航线”，切题，故选C。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“To those who sail at night, changeable storms and dark clouds were more than annoying things.”可知，对于夜间航行的人来说，变幻莫测的风暴和黑云是最让人头疼的，D. They could destroy entire journeys by blocking the view of Polaris.“这些东西可以通过遮蔽北极星让整个航线变得困难重重”，紧接前一句，切题，故选D。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“The Big Dipper, a constellation that is well known in astrology, appears to revolve around Polaris.”可知，北斗七星似乎总是围绕着北极星运转，A. It's not difficult to tell the Polaris apart from the pile of other stars in the universe.“不难区分北极星和其他星星”，后文讲述北极星的特别之处，切题，故选A。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

6．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.

Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to nurture healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.

During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.

However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. Family dinner may not benefit if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.（1）What may be the best title for this passage? (no more than 8 words)

（2）What benefits can children get from eating together? (no more than 15 words)

（3）How do you explain the underlined word "nurture" in Paragraph 2? (no more than 2 words) （4）What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 15 words)

（5）What should be avoided at the dinner table according to the author? And why? (no more than 15 words)

【答案】（1）The Benefits of Eating Together/ The Benefits of Family Dinner/ Family Dinner Brings Lots of Benefits.

（2）They have better grades at school and are better adjusted when they are older. /Children can communicate with their parents and enjoy their company.

（3）Raise. /Bing up. /Educate.

（4）They can learn more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.

（5）Silence. Because without communication no one can get any benefit at the dinner table. /Quarreling. Because it brings about a bad atmosphere that benefits no one. /Meaningless conversation. Because it does not bring any benefit to anyone.

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了父母和孩子一起吃饭的好处，一起吃饭有助于家庭实现开放交流，建立更紧密和更良好的关系，父母通过一起吃饭可以更加了解孩子的变化。但同时沉默、争吵以及无意义的谈话应当在聚餐时避免。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.”以及文章内容可知主要为讲述家人聚在一起吃饭的各种好处。故答案为The Benefits of Eating Together/ The Benefits of Family Dinner/ Family Dinner Brings Lots of Benefits.

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults”可知在一起吃饭的孩子们在学校有更好的成绩，在青少年和成年人中更容易适应；以及“It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.”可知孩子们在一起吃饭更能交流分享新闻和想法，享受彼此的陪伴。故答案为They have better grades at school and are better adjusted when they are older.或Children can communicate with their parents and enjoy their company.

（3）考查词义猜测。根据上文“For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to”对许多家庭来说，一起吃晚餐被证明是一个很好的和有效的方法来降低青少年上瘾的风险可知，一起吃晚餐有助于抚养教育出健康的孩子们。故划线部分单词意思为“抚养；教育”故案为Raise. /Bing up. /Educate.

（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Sitting at the same table and shar ing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.”可知一起吃饭时父母可以了解孩子学习成绩、日常活动和生活态度。故答案为They can learn more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.

（5）考查概括归纳。根据最后一段中的“Family dinner may not benefit if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.”可知如果有太多的争论，如果没有有意义的谈话，或者更糟糕的是，如果在聚会期间只有简单的沉默，家庭聚餐可能没有什么好处。即作者认为聚餐时应当避免沉默、争吵或是无意义的谈话。理由并不唯一，言之有理即可。故答案为Silence. Because without communication no one can get any benefit at the dinner table. 或是Quarreling. Because it brings about a bad atmosphere that benefits no one.或是Meaningless conversation. Because it does not bring any benefit to anyone.

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和概括归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

7．任务型阅读

Make the right choices

What is life's greatest gift?________Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is so great about choice? It transforms us from dumb animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻)our life. The tool doesn't come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility.________The reward is happiness.

Life is not still. It is a flow.________We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what corrective measures can I take? What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals? Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life.

________And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment.

All chess lovers realize that it isn't necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game.________

A. It is free will or choice

B. You have to make choices every day

C. Make the best moves you can under the circumstances

D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return

E. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals

F. Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get

G. Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to

【答案】A；D；E；B；C

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了每个人每天都要面临各种各样的选择。正确的选择究竟会给我们的人生带来些什么呢？

(1)本空前有问句，空后出现choice这一关键词，A选项既回答上文问题又引出了下文choice的概念，随后下文承接该话题继续展开。故答案为A。

(2)其一，该项中carry out it中it指代的是上句中的responsibility；其二，虽然选择意味着责任，但是同时又会给我们带来巨大的回报，故答案为D。

(3)E选项是对上文的not still 和a flow的进一步解释。另外，其中leads us与下文monitor 相呼应，且E选项中的closer to or farther from our goals与下文的Am I moving closer to my goal? to readjust myself with my goals吻合。故答案为E。

(4)其一，“因为每天都在选择，而使生活变得更加舒适和方便”。其二，该空的后文举例说明前文的观点，故该空具有概括意义。故答案为B。

(5)上文叙述“生活就像下棋”，下文“要走出特定环境下最好的一步棋”，前后为顺接关系，故答案为C。

【点评】做此类题时，注意分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。分析段落内部的层次，即语篇层次，体会句与句之间的意义关系，把握作者思路，从语序上发现断续点，理清层次。

8．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

Time for Americans to act on climate change

The climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore. For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.

The scientific community has become increasingly panicked over the past year. The latest assessment from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change painted a far more terrible picture than its previous analyses, and the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security. Out of this panic came the treaty(条约)reached this past weekend by world leaders to keep the Paris climate agreement alive.

Yet many Americans still don't regard the threat as a key priority for our government, and support President Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty. Campaign contributions from fossil fuel companies have convinced elected officials to look the other way. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).

But there is another reason that has been discussed far less openly. While a growing number of people understand that climate change will have significant worldwide consequences, many Americans have an intuitive(直觉的)belief that their nation is more capable than others of adapting to a changed environment. Why? Because they have before.

This historical success, however, resulted from the federal government taking science seriously,

and making investments to urge revolution and innovation.

But these innovations did not happen by themselves, or simply because of the United States' rich resources. They depended on consistent support from the leaders about the need to take action when faced with crises. This has been especially true in the environmental crisis.

President Bill Clinton had a shockingly modest record of advancing climate security, particularly given that his vice president, Al Gore, had been one of the most outspoken environmentalists in Congress. By far Clinton's big gest accomplishment was assigning Gore to participate ?n thе Куоtо Рrоtoсоl negotiations. Сl?ntоn сhо?е, hоwеvеr, tо аvо?d whаt ?urеlу wоuld have been a terrible fight in the Senate to gain approval of the treaty. While this effort probably would have failed, it would have signaled to the American people how seriously the Democratic Party took climate change.

Thus, the time has clearly arrived for progressive candidates to start campaigning on a platform built around the need for a sustainability revolution. Such a plan should include a carbon tax, well-funded clean energy research, evolved agricultural policies and smarter public transport. Given that Generation X and millennials(千禧一代)never bought into the fiction that the United States is immune to the dangers of global warming, the time is ripe to make climate security a crucial government responsibility. Only by doing so can we begin the long-overdue(拖延好久的)campaign to save the planet.

Time for Americans to act on climate change

sure/certain/optimistic；positive；Conclusion

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是越来越多的人意识到气候危机的严重性。现在是美国人应对气候变化的时候了。只有这样，我们才能开始拖延已久的拯救地球的运动。

（1）根据第一段第一句The climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore.可知，越来越多的人意识到气候危机的严重性。故答案为aware/conscious。

（2）根据第一段中For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.可知，真正的全球变暖是人类的责任，应该为他们所做的一切负责。be to blame“应该承担责任”，故答案为blame。

（3）根据第一段中For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.可知，真正的全球变暖是人类的责任，应该为他们所做的一切负责。answer for“对------负责”，故答案为answer。

（4）根据第二段中the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security.可知，鉴于气候变化对人类健康和经济安全构成严重威胁，世界各国领导人已达成《巴黎气候条约》。故答案为under。

（5）根据第三段中Yet many Americans still don't regard the threat as a key priority for our government, and suopont President Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty.可知，由于无法理解威胁的严重性，许多美国人支持特朗普总统退出《巴黎条约》的决定。In favo(u)r/support of“支持，赞成”，故答案为favo(u)r/support。

（6）根据右栏中的内容可知这里在讲“反应的原因”。故答案为Reasons。

（7）根据第三段中Campaign contributions from fossil fuel companies have convinced elected officials to look the other way. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).“化石燃料公司的竞选捐款已经说服当选官员们睁一只眼闭一只眼。一定程度的绝望导致了广泛的冷漠。”可知，由于与化石燃料公司的利益关系，当选官员对这种威胁充耳不闻。故答案为interest。

（8）根据第四段中While a growing number of people understand that climate change will have significant worldwide consequences, many Americans have an intuitive(直觉的)belief that their nation is more capable than others of adapting to a changed environment.可知，许多美国人对自己适应环境变化的能力极为乐观。故答案为sure/certain/optimistic。

（9）根据第七段中President Bill Clinton had a shockingly modest record of advancing climate security, particularly given that his vice president, Al Gore, had been one of the most outspoken environmentalists in Congress.“比尔·克林顿总统在推进气候安全方面有着令人震惊的温和记

录，尤其是考虑到他的副总统阿尔·戈尔(Al Gore)是国会中最直言不讳的环保主义者之一。”可知这是一个积极乐观的态度。故答案为positive。

（10）根据最后一段最后一句Only by doing so can we begin the long-overdue(拖延好久的)campaign to sa ve the planet.“只有这样，我们才能开始拖延已久的拯救地球的运动。”可知这是得出的最后结论。故答案为Conclusion。

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

9．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you travel, you will leave a carbon footprint in your wake. You can't help it. But eco-friendly travel practices can lighten the harm on Mother Earth. Green travel is not a passing trend but a lifestyle choice. ________.

Choosing a green destination

No destination is a Green Giant. ________. However, some countries and cities show a deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices. When researching a vacation spot, look for places that naturally embrace the green lifestyle.

Choosing green transportation

What makes Mother Earth proud? Seeing you use your own power to get around. Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays. ________. The greenest rides typically run on electric power. Switzerland is taking the lead with its hybrid buses and trains powered by hydroelectricity; Japan is running close behind.

Choosing a green hotel

Once you are at your destination, if you can get the hotel right, you can make the greatest impact. ________. Look for a fact sheet online, or call the front desk. You can also search for hotels approved by respected certification programs, such as Green Key and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council.

________.

The Earth-friendly choices are numerous: You can sail, bike, kayak, bike, swim, bird-watch and play I-spy-a-monkey in a tree. Visit a local food market, and don't forget to bring a reusable bag for purchases. You can also lend a hand during your holiday. The green movement has changed from how to preserve and protect to how to use less and do good when you're there.

A. Choosing green travel

B. Choosing green activities

C. Next in line are trains and buses

D. They all make environmental missteps

E. Most major chains operate in-house green program

F. If you plan to drive, consider a fuel-efficient vehicle

G. Follow the tips and watch your footprints turn greener

【答案】 G；D；C；E；B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何进行绿色旅游的几点建议。

（1）上文说绿色旅游不是一时的潮流，而是一种生活方式的选择，下文又介绍了绿色旅游的建议，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，G项（遵循这些建议，看着你的脚印变得更绿）符合语境，故答案选G。

（2）根据本空前的“No destination is a Green Giant.”可知，没有哪一个目的地是绿色巨人，此处是说它们在环境方面都有不足之处，D项（它们都犯了环境方面的错误）符合语境，故答案选D。

（3）根据本空前的“Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays.”可知，很多探险旅行社安排自行车、徒步旅行和徒步度假，此处说的还是旅行方式，C项（接下来是火车和公共汽车）符合语境，故答案选C。

（4）根据本空后的“Look for a fact sheet online, or call the front desk.”可知，在网上找一份简报，或打电话给前台，此处应该提到企业或机构，E项（大多数大型连锁企业都有自己的绿色计划）符合语境，故答案选E。

（5）根据本段中的“The Earth-friendly choices are numerous”可知，有很多绿色活动可供选择，B项（选择绿色活动）符合语境，故答案选B。

【点评】七选五阅读解题技巧如下：1.注重句式的对接，比如排比句，祈使句等。2. 注重词汇的衔接：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词，原词和反义词的复现。3.注重举例或解释等。

10．任务型阅读

Observational Learning: To See Is to Know

A group of psychologists, led by Albert Bandura, developed social learning theory, which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behavior of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behavior in their families and cultures. By watching others, we learn how to greet people, eat, laugh and tell jokes. Do you still remember your first few days in senior grade one? By watching others, you learned how people talked to each other, what clothes were "fashionable," and how to interact with instructors.

With modeling, you observe others' behaviors, and then none, some, or all of these behaviors may be learned and repeated, or modified. In one of Bandura's classic studies, children were divided into three groups: One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the third didn't see an adult at all. After being mildly frustrated by being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with some of them, all of the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys, including a Bobo doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it).

Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful. Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are

appropriate for people like ourselves, so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated. All students need to see successful, capable models who look and sound like them.

Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example, in group work, pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include letting high-status students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant at first.

impacts；aggressive / violent / rude；likely；similar；teaching / education / instruction；desired / expected / target；Seeking

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍什么是观察学习，观察学习的应用，怎么将观察学习用于教学。

（1）考查信息归纳。根据右边的内容：Observational learning is learning that occurs through ________ and imitation of others.可知这是观察学习的定义，故填Definition / Concept / Meaning。

（2）考查词性转化。根据第一段中的“This kind o f learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning.”可知将

observing 改成observation。

（3）考查词性转化。根据第一段中的“Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultu res”可知将proper改成 properly / appropriately / well。（4）考查原词重现。根据第二段中的“Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it)。”可知看见不好的行为的孩子自己也会学习，有虐待性，故填abusive。

（5）考查原词重现。根据第二段可知这里介绍榜样的影响，故填impacts。

（6）考查原词重现。根据第三段中的“You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful.”可知填likely。

（7）考查句意理解。根据第三段中的“Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves,”可知和我们相像的人会促进观察学习。like=" similar" to，故填similar。

（8）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning?”可知怎么将观察学习应用于教学中，故填 teaching / education / instruction。（9）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Above all, model the behavi ors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. ”可知将desire改成desired / expected / targeted。

（10）考查词性转化。根据第四段中的“Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. ”可知将seek改成Seeking。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，词性转化和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧

高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧(一) 一．任务型阅读题型特点： 江苏高考英语任务型阅读题目要求:根据所读，用恰当的词语补全全文提纲，概括关键内容。一般而言，任务型阅读提供了两种示例：表格式和树状式。 二．任务型阅读的解题技巧： 1.在阅读文章之前，快速浏览并了解题型，明白阅读任务，以便能快速查找到有用信息，提高解题速度及准确性。 2.通读，复读文章，把握短文的主题思想，弄清文章大意，获取关键信息。 3.根据题目要求，对信息进行梳理加工，并用正确的形式表达出来。 三．任务型阅读解题策略： 1. 注意词形转换，反义词，同义词，语态问题 2．注意句子结构的转换 3. 选用其他词来释义 4.学会归纳概括词汇 概括性词汇： 因果: cause(s) ; reason(s) ; analysis ; effect（s）; result(s); consequence(s) 态度：attitude(s) ；opinion(s)；manner

比较：comparison(s) 异同: difference(s) ; similarity(similarities) 优劣：benefit与disadvantage ；weakness与strength；advantage 与disadvantage；（shortcome; drawback）缺点 目的：purpose；aim；goal；target 建议：advice；suggestion；proposal ；tip；recommendation 问题：problem；trouble；matter；question；issue 方式：means(of); method(s)(of); way(s)(of); approach(es)(to); solution(s)(to); how to do 总结：summary；conclusion 特点：feature(s); characteristic(s) 重要性：significance; importance; meaning 定义：definition 来源：source；origin 用途: use ；usage；function 种类：kind；type；category 步骤：steps；procedures; process 评论：comment；remark；assessment 反应：response；reaction 词形转换： 1.grow----growth

2016高考英语任务型阅读答题技巧

2016高考英语任务型阅读答题技巧 任务型阅读是高考英语试题中第二卷中的一种题型，分值为10分。本题型在测试考生阅读理解能力的基础上，侧重考查考生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力。高考任务型阅读近三年文章体裁以议论文和说明文为主，词数在400~550之间。高考成绩的统计数据表明在这一项上，考生普遍失分较多。高考英语任务型阅读是英语阅读理解和完形填空的结合体，在掌握篇章表层含义的基础之上，还要求对文章结构框架的把握。考生不但要具备基本的英语词汇知识，而且要能够依据上下文的内容，运用逻辑判断，正确填出任务型阅读中的空白处。因而，任务型阅读对考生的英语阅读和对英语学科的感悟能力要求较高。也就是说，任务型阅读不仅检查考生的词、句、篇的掌握，而且涉及考生综合运用英语语法的能力。所以说，这种题型是比较全面的考查。学生在平时的学习过程中，要关注词汇的使用，领悟篇章的内部结构，同时还要注意词的搭配和语用知识。 一、任务型阅读题型的考查角度 1、单词的大小写（信息筛选题） 考生往往从文中便可直接找到答案，无需进行词性和词形的转化。但是如果没有根据英文首字母要大写的要求，或在特殊的上下文中。忽略字母的大小写，便无法得到本应该拿到的分数。 2、词性的变化（整合转换题） 要依据特定的语境结合文中涉及的词语，灵活地转变词性。比如：动词转变为形容词，形容词转变为名词，等等。 3、词形的转化（整合转换题） 主要依据任务型阅读提供的特殊框架，来敲定词语的各种形式。例如：文中过去式需要在题目中使用现在时，同时还要注意人称和数的变化。 4、近义词与反义词的转化（整合转换题） 根据任务型阅读题型中提供的已有信息，尽管文中也能发现相关的词语，却没能依据特定的语境进行必要的词语的转换，比如将肯定的语气转化为否定的形式等。 5、实现词句的转换（整合转换题） 尽管文章无法一下子找到任务型阅读题型中出现的答案，但是依据文章的上下文以及文中句子的解释，则可以联系掌握的英语基础知识，得出相应的答案。 6、综合概括文章框架的词语使用（综合概括题） 注意文章的整体布局，理清句与句之间，段与段之间的内在逻辑关系，反复阅读文章，认真思考，然后找出能代表篇章结构的词汇。这类题目要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。 7、书写工整无误 最后，卷面是否清洁也会影响到考生最终的得分。答案书写要工整清晰，避免由于字迹潦草或拼写错误导致失分。完成题目后，一定要仔细的将答案带入题中，结合文中提供的信息，认真核对，反复思考，确保绝不因为自己的粗心大意而失分。 二、任务型阅读题型的解题思路 1、先认真读题，通过题目来了解文章的大致框架。做到在阅读文章前，心中有数，不会因为文章的长度或文中出现的生词影响到自己对文章结构的整体把握。 2、利用快速阅读策略做出判断。自己理解的文章主旨是否与题目中的要求一致。在这一过程中，可以尽可能填出与文章大意相关的词汇。

高考英语全国卷阅读完型译文

2015真题（卷一） A. 伦敦运河博物馆每月脱口秀 除8月以外，我们的脱口秀节目将在每月第一个周四的19:30拉开序幕，持续到21:00左右结束。门票价格合理，无需预定。 11月7日场 运河先驱演讲者：克里斯*路易斯 詹姆斯*布林德利是人们公认的早期大运河的主要工程师之一，同时也是一名培训师，指导别人如何设计和建设大运河。克里斯*路易斯将向听众阐述布林德利是如何在培养早期“土木工程师”过程中做出如此积极贡献的。 12月5日场 都市之冰演讲者：马尔科姆*塔克 在冰箱问世之前，保存食物和餐饮业都需要冰块。马尔科姆*塔克向听众介绍天热冰块的引进史，建设冰井的技术，及伦敦的冰块贸易发展史。 2月6日场 科兹沃尔德丘陵运河的演变演讲者：利兹*佩恩 斯特劳德大运河将在不久后重新开放，而泰晤士河和塞文河还需要更久的时间。我们将对当前的发展进行解说。 3月6日场 河中“小岛”---泰晤士河岛演讲者：米兰达*维克 泰晤士河岛有很多小岛，米兰达对其都有所了解，她将向我们介绍其中最有趣的几个岛屿。在线订票：...... 更多信息..... B 今年冬天，寒冷的东北部实在是不适合过冬，所以当这个周末恰好有机会去佛罗里达的萨拉索塔时，天还没亮，我就迫不及待的收拾好行囊出发了。萨拉索塔是个温暖的地方，十分养人，一路上我都在想象着那里的沙滩和橙子树。当我们到达目的地，看到蔚蓝的天空，感受到温暖的空气时，我心中油然而生一种感激之情。整个周末我们都在游泳，品美酒，观日落（日落时间是在傍晚时分，不是下午四点），但是最和我口味的就是每天早晨7点的蔬菜大抢购，现在我们每天7点起床去萨拉索塔的农贸市场抢购蔬菜，为了这些蔬菜，起得再早也值得。 该农贸市场始建于1979年，每周六从早上七点开放至下午一点，沿着北柠檬街和洲街搭起帐篷，无论严寒酷暑，风雨无阻。市场种蔬菜水果品种繁多，有成筐的水灵灵的红草莓，有Java Dawg的咖啡卡车，车的两侧都刷着红漆，最吸人眼球的就是西红柿，又大又软，圆润红透。 我曾有过很多次买到（卖家）保证是自然成熟的西红柿，但实际却并非如此，失望之极，我已经很多年不在冬天买西红柿了。无论它们在商店里看上去多么诱人，只要一拿回家就会变干变硬，食之无味。但是在Brown’s Grove农场一个特殊的摊位上，全都是新鲜柔软的西红柿，犹如拳头大小，由于过后我还是买了一些。这笔交易还真不赖。在那一刻，我意识到冬天在萨拉索塔最好的经历就是，可以吃到一些回到纽约之后几个月都吃不到的食物。 看着眼前的西红柿，我很高兴，尤其是当我发现Brown’s Grove农场是Jack Dusty 的供应商之一时我更加开心了。Jack Dusty是在萨拉索塔丽嘉登酒店新开的一家餐厅。我也真是幸运，本来那晚我就打算去那里吃饭的。到了那儿我甚至可以不看菜单，就知道直接点和西红柿有关的菜就可以了。 C

(完整word)超难高考英语完形填空、阅读理解精练各三篇(附答案和详细解析)

高考英语完形填空、阅读理解精练各三篇（附详细解析）纵观近几年高考完形填空题，我们不难发现：1、语境选择项增多；2、选项设计一 般为同一词类，或属同一范畴；3、难选之处前后多有暗示；4、选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或以叙为主的议论文。 根据高考试题的特点和命题的发展趋势，在复习备考中，对记叙文、以叙为主的议 论文及某些具有一定哲理和教育意义的纯议论性短文都要加强练习。笔者精选三篇不同体裁的典型文章进行供同学们练习，并附详细解析，希望能帮助同学们在这一题型上积累经验，有所突破。 （ A ） In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, ___1__ that the building was ___2___. After the unforgettably shock, he ___3___ the promise he had made to his son: "No matter ___4___, I'll always be there for you!" And tears began to ___5___ his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his ___6___ to his son. He rushed there and started ___7___ the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, ___8___: "It's too late! They're all dead! ___9___, face reality, there's nothing you can do!" To each parent he responded with ___10___: "Are you going to help me now?" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know ___11___: "Is my boy ___12____ or is he dead?" He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in ___13____ hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's __14____. He screamed his son's name, "ARMAND!" He heard back, "Dad!?! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you __15____ me and __16____ you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!' You did it, Dad!" "What's going on in there? " the father asked. "There are 14 of us __17____ __18____ 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made __19____, and it saved us." "Come out, boy!" "No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, __20____ I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!" 1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize 2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain C. as strong as an ox D. as weak as a kitten 3. A. memorized B. forgot C. kept D. remembered 4. A. what B. what happen C. which D. who 5. A. fill B. fill in C. come D. burst 6. A. picture B. promise C. present D. encourage 7. A. digging B. digging through C. digging out D. digging into 8. A. to say B. said C. and saying D. saying 9. A. Come out B. Come again C. Come on D. Come off 10. A. one word B. one sound C. one row D. one line 11. A. for himself B. of himself C. by himself D. to himself 12. A. live B. living C. alive D. lively

四川省高考英语冲刺阅读完型写作自练7 2

四川省2015高考英语冲刺阅读完型写作自练7 阅读理解 (2014·合肥模拟) In the quest for better health, many people turn to doctors, self-help books or herbal supplements. But they overlook a powerful weapon that could help them fight illness and depression, speed recovery, slow aging and prolong life: their friends. Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship and social networks in overall health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could promote brain health as we age. “In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn't well appreciated, ”said Rebecca G. Adams, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. “There are a lot of things on families and marriage, but very little on friendship. It baffles me. Friendship has a bigger impact on our psychological well-being than family relationships. ” Bella DePaulo, a visiting psychology professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, whose work focuses on single people and friendships, notes that in many studies, friendship has an even greater effect on health than a spouse or a family member. It isn't entirely clear why friendship has such a big effect. It may be because people with strong social ties also have better access to health services and care. Beyond that, however, friendship clearly has a profound psychological effect. People with strong friendships are less likely than others to get colds, perhaps because they have lower stress levels. Last year, researchers studied 34 students at the University of Virginia, taking them to the base of a steep hill and fitting them with a weighted backpack. They were then asked to estimate the steepness of the hill. Some participants stood next to friends during the exercise, while others were alone. The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. And the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared. “People with stronger friendship networks feel like there is someone they can turn to, ”said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center for gerontology(老年医学)at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is an undervalued resource. The consistent message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ” 【文章大意】如何保持身心健康? 相信每个人对此都很感兴趣并能给出自己的答案。本文作者向我们介绍了一个有利于身心健康的, 很重要又长期被人们忽视的因素——友谊。 1. What's the main idea of the passage? A. People should make friends as many as possible. B. Friendships do great good to human health. C. People with friends have an optimistic attitude. D. Several studies have been done on friendships.

【备考高考】最新 版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案)

【备考高考】最新版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案) 一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读 We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions________ If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you. Don't expect to have it all. ________ You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imag ine some “what if' situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain. ________ It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data. Don't delay making decisions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information________ Or it's likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don't wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness. Don't be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn't expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days________But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes. A. Don't spend too much time thinking. B. It is an important source of information. C. Don't count on emotion to make decisions. D. Maybe you wish to consult with your advisor. E. You may regret making such a stupid decision. F. That means the skill of good decision-making counts a lot. G. Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities. 【答案】F；G；A；D；E 【解析】【分析】如何提高做出决定的技能，本文推荐了四条建议。 (1)根据上句：很遗憾，人们发现作出决定很难。可知，这意味着好决策很重要。故答案选F。 (2)根据本段小标题：Don't expect to have it all.不要期盼着拥有一切。再根据空格下句：你不可能点到菜单上每一道美味的菜。可知，决定迫使我们放弃其他可能性。故答案选G。 (3)本段是小标题。根据上下文内容可知此处应该是否定祈使句。再根据本段下文：彻底考虑你的决定经常是好的。但是不要做的过火。可知，在思考上不要花太多的时间。故答案选A。

高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc

一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Decoding the young brain There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult f elt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite. The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things. When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences. That is becau se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！” To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.

江苏省高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧

江苏省高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧 考点一考查考生的阅读理解能力 阅读理解能力是高考试题的主要考查内容。除了阅读理解题型外，完形填空和任务型读写题型也都兼具考查考生的阅读理解能力。任务型读写题中的阅读能力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章的主旨大意，快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。任务型读写的体裁主要是说明文和议论文。 考点二考查考生对文中有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括能力。 1．信息筛选题 信息筛选题是基础题目，一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照，边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息，获取到相关单词，有时试题和原文句型句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词，不需变化，直接填入。 2．整合转换题。 ? 整合转换题是典型的二次加工题型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。可细分为如下两种情况： （1）词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同，因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。 （2）句型整合转换。试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词，无法获取单词进行转换，需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换。 ①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致。同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。 ②善用同义词和反义词进行转换。 ③正确使用构词法。 ④熟练运用语法句型转换。 3．综合概括题。 ； 综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。下面举一些基本的概括性词汇： 总结、概括：conclusion, summary 建议：suggestion, tip, advice, proposal, recommendation 影响：effect, influence, impact 印象：impression 因果：reason, cause; result, consequence 1．审题思路 （1）一审表格结构。注意文章内容脉络，标题和所需的表达类型。 （2）二审短文意义。注意文章的段落和表格的匹性。 （3）三审语法运用。注意涉及到的构词法和语法项目。 ] 2．词性与句子成分的一致性关系

最新高考英语任务型阅读试题(含答案)

最新高考英语任务型阅读试题(含答案) 一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance. ________ They look like ants but actually they belong to the wasp（黄蜂）family. The differences between the two sexes of the species are also very pronounced in both appearance and behavior. When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female. ________ Cute as panda ants may look, they are dangerous and capable of knocking out an animal much larger than they are with a few stings（刺）. Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food. ________ The female panda ant often lays its eggs in a bee or wasp nest. When the young ones. hatch, they will eat their pupa （蛹）hosts. ________ So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2, 000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out. This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938. ________ Today, they are likely to be found in dry desert and sandy areas such as Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico. A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets. B. The name comes from their colors as pandas. C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters. D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees. E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite. F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors. G. Then little attention was given to it until recently. 【答案】 B；E；C；F；G 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一种非常不寻常的物种——熊猫蚂蚁。 A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.把熊猫作为宠物饲养是一种新的时尚。 B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.这个名字来自熊猫的颜色。 C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.然而，年轻的熊猫蚂蚁是食肉动物。 D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.没有人相信熊猫蚂蚁是蜜蜂的亲戚。 E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.此外，雄性在夜间活动，而雌性则相反。 F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.不幸的是，许多熊猫蚂蚁因为鲜艳的颜色而被吃掉。 G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.直到最近，对它的关注很少。 （1）根据前句The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance.可知这里来解释熊猫蚂蚁名字的由来。故选B。

高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc

一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读 Aside from the health benefits of laughter (which are numerous and significant), having a sense of humor about life's difficulties can provide a way to bond with others, look at things in a different way, normalize your experience, and keep things from appearing too overwhelming or scary. Properly developed, a good sense of humor can keep people and relationships strong. Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better, and can lead you to actually feeling happier (rather than just looking happier). Even if the smile is fake, the benefits you will experience are real! Also, a fake smile leads readily to a genuine one. If you are able to put a smile on your face, the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily. If your situation seems ridiculously frustrating, recognize what can develop into humor in just how ridiculously frustrating and annoying it is. In your imagination, take the situation to an extreme that becomes even more ridiculous until you find yourself amused. For example, when you're waiting in a long line at the store, you can imagine that hours pass, then days, visualizing yourself accepting visits from loved ones from your new home in this ultra-long line, holding your children's birthday parties in aisle seven so you can be there to enjoy them...you get the picture. Besides, find a friend with whom you can laugh also works! You can each share your frustrations, and laugh about them in the process. Even when your friend isn't there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later. You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends, or try to count how many times the same potentially frustrating event happens in a day.(“I was cut off in traffic 7 times today—I'm almost up to 10!”) This works well for predictable or repetitive annoying situations that you can't control; you can begin to value them in their own special way instead of letting them upset you. One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or movies like the classic Ferris Bueller's Day Off, is that they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all. What's more, you can try joining Funny Clubs.Years ago, when Oprah had a show rather than a network, she did a part on Laughter Yoga that interested me, and I researched a club on my own, finding it to be a terrific place to enjoy a good laugh. Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all, taking part in the exercises of laughter yoga with other humor-participants can be a very effective way to get back in the practice of getting some more laughter into your day.