大学英语(本科) 18本科各专业复习资料
大学英语（本科）18本科各专业复习资料
I. Vocabulary & Structure
1. After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind _______ the police could find her lost child.
A. how
B. that
C. where
D. whether
2. Energy is _________ makes things work.
A. what
B. everything
C. something
D. anything
3. We’d like to do _______ we can _________ the poor.
A. how; help
B. all; to help
C. whatever; help
D. however; to help
4. My parents used ________they had to get a new car for my brother.
A. which
B. all what
C. what
D. 不填
5.We give them quizzes(测试) on Britain and allow them
to the Net.
A. surf
B. where
C. save
D. address
6.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. that
7.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom
B. on whom
C. with which
D. with whom
8.They talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. what
9.My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. it
10. I have bought two ball pens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them
B. neither of them
C. neither of which
D. none of which
11. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only _______ they need.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. what
12. She’d like to offer money to ________ needs it to continue his or her study.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
13. ---If you are admitted to a key university, _________ as a prize?
--- I’m looking for a cell phone.
A. What you expect your father will offer you
B. Do you expect what your father will offer you
C. What do you expect will your father offer you
D. What do you expect your father will offer you
14. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at ____ he thought was a reasonable price.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
15. Generally speaking, _______ we have seen seems more believable than _______ we have been told.
A. what; that
B. what; what
C. that; what
D. that; that
16. She was so angry at all ________ he was doing _________ she stayed up all night.
A. that; that
B. that; which
C. what; that
D. what; as
17. ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.
A. To look
B. Looking at
C. Looked at
D. To be looked at
18. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.
A. to be advertised
B. advertised
C. advertise
D. advertising
19. ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars.
A. To be judged the best
B. having judged the best
C. Judged the best
D. Judging the best
20. From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.
A. marking
B. having been marked
C. marked
D. to be marked
21.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which
B. where
C. what
D. in which
22.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
23.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
24.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
25.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
26. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.
A. held
B. holding
C. being holding
D. was holding
27. ____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.
A. Having defeated
B. To have defeated
C. Having been defeated
D. To have been defeated
28. ____neglecting our education, my father sent me to school.
A. Accused of
B. Accusing of
C. To be accused of
D. That he was accused of
29. ____ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A. He is remembered
B. While being remembered
C. To be remembered
D. Though remembered
30. ____ that they are fresh from university, the young people have done a good job.
A. Given
B. Because
C. Giving
D. As
31.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
32.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
33.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year
B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year
D. that you talked
34.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked
B. which you talked
C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
35.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which
B. in which
C. on which
D. by which
36. She stood by the window, ____.
A. thinking
B. think
C. thought
D. thinks
37. ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.
A. Not wishing
B. Wishing
C. Not wished
D. No wishing
38.The editorial ____ now will appear in tomorrow's newspaper.
A. writing
B. to write
C. being written
D. write
39. It ____ now pretty late, we took our things and retired to our room.
A. is
B. being
C. turned
D. got
40. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A. When compared
B. While comparing
C. Compare
D. Comparing
41．He is no one to ____ to rules and regulations blindly.
A．form B. conform C. inform D. perform 42．Why does the space shuttle _____ those long streams of flame and smoke?
A. emission
B. permit
C. permission
D. emit
43. It is against_____ for a mother to hurt her children.
A. nature
B. naturalist
C. inheritance
D. determination
44. After spending several hours trying to find out the lost companion, we
finally______ him down in a public house.
A. trailed
B. tracked
C. caught
D. traced
45. I_____ to answer this question.
A. suggested
B. avoided
C. hesitated
D. approved
46. ____ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.
A. If walking
B. While walking
C. Walking
D. When one is walking
47. I understood you were third-year students ____ in English.
A. who majors
B. who major is
C. have majored
D. majoring
48. A cool rain was falling, ____ with snow.
A. mixed
B. mixing
C. to mix
D. having mixed
49. ____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.
A. Surrounded
B. Surrounding
C .having surrounded D. To be surrounded
50.____ equal educational opportunities, American Indians in the reservations remained backward and illiterate for a long time.
A. Deprived off
B. Depriving off
C. Deprived of
D. Depriving of
51. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well boys____ to go to school.
A. to be encouraged
B. been encouraged
C. being encouraged
D. be encouraged
52. ____,a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than
a man whose command of language is poor.
A. Other things being equal
B. Were other things equal
C. To be equal to other things
D. Other things to be equal
53.All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A. considered
B. be considered
C. considering
D. having considered
54. The house was very quiet, ____as it was on the side of a mountain.
A. isolated
B. isolating
C. being isolated
D. having been isolated
55. This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.
A. being
B. been
C. to be
D. having been
56. The rate of unemployment is_______.
A. rising
B. increase
C. decrease
D. raising
57. His idea that_____ is a relative matter is not universally accepted.
A. bright
B. smart
C. intelligence
D. intelligent
58. You should look for contextual clues to_____ the meaning of a word.
A. delay
B. determine
C. differ
D. deny
59. In Britain people_____ four million tons of potatoes every year.
A. swallow
B. dispose
C. consume
D. exhaust
60. This picture will _____to you some idea of the beauty of the scenery.
A. coincide
B. commence
C. convey
D. commend
01-05 DABCA 06-10CDBBC 11-15 DCDCB 16-20ACBCC
21-25 ACDCA 26-30BCADA 31-35 CAAAA 36-40AACBA
41-45 BDABC 46-50DDAAC 51-55CAAAA 55-60ACBCC
II. Cloze: Put in the missing words. The first letter in each blank has been given.
According 1) t Dossey, one of the most common 2) i in our society is "time sickness", because the 3)s of time pressure and hurry will 4) c anxiety and 5)
t . These symptoms can contribute to heart 6) d and strokes, two of our most frequent 7) c of death. Dossey has discovered that these and
8) o stress-induced ills can often be successfully 9) t by using simple techniques to change how a person thinks 10) a time.
1.to
2.ills
3.sense
4.cause
5.tension
6.disease
7.causes
8.other
9.treated 10.about
Nowadays the number of "netizens" in China is getting larger and 1) l . About 40% of them are teenagers. The main reasons 2)w teenagers 3) s the Web are to get useful information, 4)w their knowledge, 5) c with others, and relax in their 6) s time. It is 7) c than phoning somebody far away and also much quicker. Nearly one-third of young 8) n surf the internet for fun. They like to listen to 9) m , watch films, and go to their
10) f stars' website.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5034660.html,rger
2.why
3.surf
4.widen
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5034660.html,municate
6.spare
7.cheaper
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5034660.html,izens
9.music 10.favorite
III. Reading comprehension
Passage One
The causes that lead to conditions likely for crime and fights are stronger in urban communities than in country ones. As you know, urban life is more crowded and separate, and almost few people get to know the other people's existence in the city. And it often sets the individual free from the limitations (局限) of city life than the tradition-centered societies did. But more freedom from limitations and controls also gives the people greater freedom to get away from it. And living in the colder, well organized urban area means that ruling orders of action are often guided by the departments far away. The police are strangers carrying out these orders, at worst, a different community and, at best, a same set of subjects. Minor offences in a small town or village are often dealt with without the usage of official police action. As doubtful as such action may seem to be, it results in fewer recorded breaking of the law as compared to the city, however. Although perhaps causing some decision difficulties for the police in small towns, normal and smooth law making is not always acceptable to villagers.
Urban areas with more population, greater wealth, more commercial establishments(设施), and more products of our technology also provide more opportunities for stealing. The people are independent, their money is insured, well-made goods in a large number are beautifully exhibited and easier to carry.
1. The passage mainly tells us that .
A) being known to the neighbors increases the danger of being attacked
B) there are more crime rates in the urban area than in the country area
C) small villages have more minor crimes than urban centers
D) there is no way to prevent urban crimes from happening
2. What was the traditional society like?
A) It provided too much freedom of personal movement and travel.
B) It provided less freedom for the individual in many situations.
C) The technology was not fully used in the traditional society.
D) A lot of old traditions passed on to modern society.
3. The phrase "minor offenses" (Line 9, Para.1) refers to offenses like
A) theft B) robbery C) bribery D) murder
4. According to the passage, the crime rate in small villages is .
A) higher than that of urban centers B) lower than that of urban centers
C) the same as that of urban centers D) now being reduced
5. Which of the following does NOT lead to the high crime rate in urban areas?
A) Store window exhibits. B) High level of living.
C) Fewer police departments. D) Large population.
Passage Two
Who talks more，women or men? The seemingly conflicting evidence is resolved by the difference between what I call public and private speaking. More men feel comfortable doing "public speaking" while more women feel comfortable doing "private" speaking.
Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms report-talk and rapport-talk. For most women, the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in places where they feel at home -- with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with -- in other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.
For most women, talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical(等级制度的) social order. This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill, and by ho1ding center stage through verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or conveying information. From childhood, men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention. Therefore, they are more comfortable speaking in 1arger groups made up of people they know 1ess well, in the broadest sense, "public speaking.” But even the most private si tuations can be approached like public speaking, more like giving a report than establishing rapport.
6.A similar term for "private talking" is ___________.
A. report-talk
B. rapport-talk
C. persuasive talk
D. women's talk
7.When women talk，they tend to________.
A. admire their friends who stand out
B. make others feel at home
C. approach public situations like private talking
D. seek close relationship with other speakers
8. Men talk in order to________.
A. make new friends
B. share experience
C. argue with others
D. attract attention
9. The purpose of this passage is to _______.
A. contrast the male and female talking styles
B. prove that men talk more effectively than women
C. analyze why men and women are different
D. draw people's attention to the difference between men and women
10. Which of the following is true?
A. Men talk more than women．
B. Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.
C. Men are more knowledgeable than women．
D. Men are more independent than women．
Passage Three
Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self—employed. Labor is one of the country's resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community. Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which a1so affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too o1d to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases the proportion in the workforce declines.
Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy(头重脚轻) with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.
The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable 1evel of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes, finance must be avai1able for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5034660.html,bor force is referred to as ____________
A. people who are available to work and earn income
B. self-employed people only
C. only those who are looking for an employment
D. only the employers
12.According to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an influence on the size of the workforce?
A. The size of the population.
B. The age distribution of the population.
C. The national economy.
D. The number of births and deaths.
13.The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that
________.
A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforce
B. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce
C. the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforce
D. if the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the workforce will be lower
14.When a population is said to aging,____________.
A. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce.
B. the birth rate must be growing
C. there should be an oversupply of workforce
D. young people outnumber old people
15.The population which is top-heavy with older people exerts pressure on ________
A. the employers
B. the self-employed
C. the young people
D. the economy of the country
Passage Fore.
The age of space science began less than thirty years ago. But already people have made great discoveries and have done exciting things. They have walked in space, visited the moon, and lived in space laboratories for long periods of time. Some scientists are now working on ways to make it possible for people to live on other planets. They are trying to solve problems of living in space, even though they don't yet know what all of the problems will be. For example, they don't yet know what problems people would have if they loved being weightless for several years.
If you were a space traveler you might have to spend several months, or even years, in a spaceship. While you were in the ship you wouldn't live as you usually do. You might have to find new ways to spend your time. Your body would have to adjust to different conditions. And you would have some problems that you never think about here on Earth. For example, you would have to have a huge supply of food with you because you can't go to the supermarket when you're halfway to another planet. You also would need fresh water and a way to get rid of waste. In fact, there would be many problems to solve in order to live in space.
16. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?
A) if you were a space traveler, you had to live in a spaceship for some time
B) scientists have solved problems of living in space
C) while you were in the ship you wouldn't live as you usually do
D) scientists are finding ways to make people live on other planets
17. The sentence "what problems people would have if they loved being weightless"
(Line6- 7, Para. 1) is probably, closest in meaning to .
A) people who were light had many problems
B) many people who loved to be very light
C) many problems people would face in space
D) weightless people who loved to have problems
18. The phrase "a huge supply of food" (Line 5, Para. 2) means .
A) a large amount of food
B) a huge piece of food
C) the food that is largely supplied on the market
D) the food at the supermarket
19. While you were in the spaceship, you would NOT
A) need fresh water and a way to get rid of waste
B) have some unusual problems
C) go to the supermarket when you were halfway to another planet
D) find new ways to spend your time
20. It can be concluded from the passage that .
A) life in space was interesting and exciting
B) there would be many problems if you wanted to live in space
C) if you were a space traveler, you had to stay in space
D) it was easy to enjoy oneself in space
Passage Five
The best example of how associations influence eating is that we often eat not because we're hungry but because it's "lunchtime," because foods smell good, or because our friends are eating.
More evidence that associations influence eating comes from marketing and advertising pressures to sell foods by offering huge servings. For example, movie theatres offer an extra large box of popcorn(爆玉米花)，which, at almost 900 calories, is equivalent to a major meal. Health professionals warn that as children, adolescents(青少年),and adults learn to prefer large portions and tasty foods high in fat, sugar, and calories, there has been a corresponding increase in rates of being overweight(from 25% in 1988 to 35% in 1998).Researchers are especially concerned about the continued rates of overweight and obesity(肥胖) in children since childhood obesity is very difficult to treat and an obese child has a high probability of becoming an obese adult with the associated health risks we discussed earlier.
Health professionals suggest that to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to try hard to forget many of our food associations, which primarily involves decreasing size of food portions, increasing levels of activity to burn off excess calories.
21.The influence of food association can be seen clearly from the example that we often eat NOT because________.
A. it's time for lunch
B. we're hungry
C. foods smell delicious
D. our friends are eating
22.From the passage we can infer that the "serving" in the second paragraph most probably means________.
A. an amount of food
B. a special service
C. a meal
D. some calories
23.According to the author, because of an unhealthy food preference, the increase in rates of being overweight was _____________ during the ten years from 1988 to 1998.
A. 10 per cent
B. 20 per cent
C. 30 per cent
D. 40 per cent
24.According to the passage, an obese child is _____________.
A. less at risk of heart diseases
B. healthily fat
C. very hard to get along with
D. more likely to become an obese adult
25.In order to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to do a11 the following EXCEPT _____________.
A. make an effort to forget our food association
B. eat less food
C. do more exercise to consume excess calories
D. eat more fruit
Passage Six
Weddings ceremonies in the United States vary as much as the people do. But many weddings, no matter where or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs. For instance, the bride and groom often exchange rings at the ceremony. The rings are usually worn on the fourth finger of the left hand, and are exchanged in the middle of the ceremony. Today, the ring shows the couple's love for one another.
After the ceremony, the couple is often showered with handfuls of uncooked rice by friends and family. Rice, as we know, shows productivity and harvest. And then,
there is often a party, where the food is so plentiful that it almost takes the attention away from the people. Soon the bride stands in the center of the room, often on a chair, and throws her flowers to the unmarried women at the party. Tradition says that whoever catches the flowers will be the next bride. Some women eagerly try to catch the flower; others shy away.
And then it is time for the bride and groom to set off the tradition of a honeymoon, a trip after the wedding. The trip nowadays varies greatly by wealth, time and preference. Sometimes the couple will spend a single night at a nearby hotel; or they may spend two weeks at a faraway foreign city as well.
26. According to the passage， .
A) American wedding ceremonies are somewhat traditional
B) American wedding ceremonies provide a lot of flowers
C) American wedding ceremonies are preferable
D) American wedding ceremonies are magnificent
27. According to the passage, what does the sentence "no matter where or how they
are performed" (line 2, Para.1 ) really mean?
A) The wedding ceremonies may be held everywhere.
B) The wedding ceremonies may be held at any time.
C) The wedding ceremonies may be held in different ways and places.
D) The wedding ceremonies may be held in any way.
28. The word "'showered" (Line 1, Para. 2) probably means .
A) dressed B) scattered C) provided D) touched
29. From the passage, we can safely conclude that .
A) American couples hold traditional wedding ceremonies
B) American couples hold fashionable wedding ceremonies
C) American couples go on expensive honeymoon trips
D) American couples exchange rings after the honeymoon
30. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A) Weddings in North America B) Weddings in America
C) Wedding Ceremonies D) Wedding Traditions
1-5. BBABC 6-10.BCDAB 11-15.ACBAD
16-20. BCACB 21-25.BAADD 26-30. ACBAB
IV Translation
Passage A
I remember being vaguely annoyed when the gunman pulled me from the car by the hair. I remember the walk to the house----Jeremy, me, the two men with two guns. I
remember the fear and anger in the gunmen's voices because Jeremy was being slow, and I remember wondering why he was being slow. I did not realize that Jeremy had thrown the keys into the shrubbery. But I remember the sound of the gun hitting Jeremy's head and the feeling that he released me.
我记得当那个拿着枪的人抓住我的头发，把我从车里拖出来的时候，我隐约觉
得有点恼火。我还记得杰瑞米，我，以及两个持枪的男人走向房子的情景。我
记得只因为杰瑞米动作慢了点，那两个持枪人的声音就流露出了恐惧和愤怒。
而且我还记得自己纳闷他为什么那么慢。我没有意识到杰瑞米已经把钥匙扔进
了灌木丛。但是我记得枪敲杰瑞米头部的声音，以及抓住我头发的那个家伙松
开我时的感觉。
Passage B
The study concluded that "the happiest people were the biggest givers, no matter what they earned", and always felt better donating to charities and giving to others than splurging on themselves. People who go on adventures, try new experiences, and switch up their routines are generally happier, research has shown. Trying new things also keeps motor function sharp and stimulate brain waves.
该研究得出结论，最幸福的人是那些付出最多的人，无论他们最终收获了
什么。和炫耀自己相比，捐款给慈善机构、帮助他人更能让人快乐。研究显示，那些喜欢冒险、乐于体验新事物、善于改变常规的人往往比其他人更快乐。尝
试新鲜事物能够使运动机能保持良好并刺激脑电波，使头脑灵活。
Passage C
The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. “You'd better sit down,” he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boy's education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said
the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.
狭窄的，不见阳光的走廊里散发出发霉的卷心菜味，让人觉得很不舒服，
墙上墨迹斑斑，周围一片静寂。从地毯上的面包屑来看，他的书房也是他的餐室。“你最好坐下”，他说道，接着问了我许多问题：为了得到普通学校证书我
学过哪些课程，多大年纪了；玩些什么游戏；这时他突然用那双满是血丝的眼
睛盯着我，问我是否认为游戏在儿童教育中起着很大的作用。我含含糊糊地说
了些别把游戏看得太重要的话。他咕哝了几句。我说错了话。我和校长显然没
有什么共同语言。
大学英语综合教程1练习答案
Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus V ocabulary Ⅰ. 1. 1. respectable 2. agony 3. put…down 4. sequence 5. hold back 6. distribute 7. off and on 8. vivid 9. associate 10. finally 11. turn in 12. tackle 2. 1. has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2. was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3. a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4. gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5. buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.
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