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高中语法第六讲 从句学习

高中语法第六讲 从句学习
高中语法第六讲 从句学习

高中语法第六讲从句学习

前面的话:

从句是高中语法学习中的重要组成部分,也是提高我们使用这门语言能力的有力工具;当然,凡是重要的东西总有自己的小脾气,从句学习也不例外,所以在我们正式和他交锋之前,还是给大家一点独家秘笈吧。从句学习的难点主要集中在以下几个方面:

1.用句子代替了原来用单词或短语承担的成分,这就需要我们必须很了解句子的基本组成成分,

以及每种成分的特点;

2.所有从句都需要连接词或者是关联词,因此了解不同的从句到底需要怎样的关联词,每个关

联词之间有什么联系或者区别就成为决定我们是否可以正确选择和使用他们的关键所在;3.拥有从句的句子通常称为复合句,相对简单句来讲,复合句有了两个甚至更多的动作主体(主

语),这样就必定会产生不同的动作,它们所对应的各个不同动词都有自己独立的时态,所以怎样使用正确的时态来表达并且还要使得我们的主句和从句在时态上可以保持一致也是学习的重点和关键;

4.通过从句的学习进一步了解英语的表达习惯,提高自己的分析能力和表达能力是我们在这一

个板块学习的终极目标。

欢迎来到复合句的世界!It’s time to fight to them!

PartⅠ名词性从句

1.概述

名词性从句主要包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,另外直接引语和间接引语在结构和句法作用上都比较接近名词性从句,所以我们通常把他们放在一起学习。

2.名词性从句的连接词学习

3.主要的名词性从句学习

4.直接引语和间接引语的学习

为方便陈述以下内容,将直接引语简称为直引,将间接引语简称为间引。

PartⅡ状语从句

1.概述

在主从复合句中用于修饰主句中的动词,形容词,副词等的从句,其功能接近于副词,所以也被称为副词性从句。

2.主要的状语从句学习

主要状语从句一览表

3.状语从句中的省略

最新高中英语语法定语从句总复习

高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义:用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例1:This is the detective who came from London. 例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 2.关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。例如: All the people that are burst into tears.(所有人都迸出眼泪。) (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人。例如: He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中。

高考冲刺 高中英语“从句篇”语法专题汇总

高考冲刺高中英语“从句篇”语法专 题汇总 距离高考的日子掰着手指头也能数清了。将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起,供大家系统学习。 从句篇 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 (1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 (2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not 例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 that。

高中英语【语法归纳】宾语从句

宾语从句 1、定义 如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个宾语,那么这个句子就是宾语从句。 2、与简单句的区分 例:*I love teaching.---简单句 *I love what he is doing.---宾语从句 ★宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 例:*We can learn what we did not know. *I don't agree with what you said at the meeting. 3、语序 宾语从句的语序一般都为陈述句语序。 A.一般情况下,即使是有疑问词,从句仍然是陈述句式。 例:This book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告诉你最棒的总经理知道什么。 Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem. 你能理解诗人在这首诗里真正想表达的是什么吗? B.但个别宾语从句本应用陈述语序,可由于习惯而保持原疑问语序不变。例:I don't know what is the matter with him. I have no idea what was the matter with him. 我不知到他到底怎么了。 关于matter的从句都是疑问语序基本上说I don't know what is wrong也是

对的,可一般来说都是分成两句讲。 I don't know.Is anything wrong?/what's wrong with you. C.特殊类型的宾语从句:当主句中的谓语动词表示认为、建议、猜测时,如think,say,guess,suppose,suggest,say,believe,feel,consider等,这时宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why,就不能按照正常语序安排,经常会将这类词放在句首。 例:What course do you say I should take up this semester? Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? 4、连接词(引导词) 1)陈述句做宾语(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导。在口语或非正式体中常省略。 例:I don’t know(that)Tom was late again. 2)一般疑问句做宾语,用if/whether引导,if或whether在宾语从句中不作成分。但if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例:I want to know if(whether)he lives there. He asked me whether(if)I could help him. ★if/whether的区别 A.从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether; B.及物动词discuss后的宾从,只用whether; C.if与whether都可以与or not连用,但后面紧跟着or not时只能用whether; D.介词后的宾从只用whether; E.后接动词不定式时用whether. 3)特殊疑问句做宾语,用特殊疑问词连接(宾语从句缺什么成分就选择相应的特殊疑问词)。

高中英语语法系列:定语从句

高中英语语法系列:定语从句 知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词,叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词,叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等 关系词三重作用:①连接主从句;②指代先行词;③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中,who lives next to me是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人,用作主语 whom指人,用作宾语 which指物,用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物,用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句: 先行词既可指人,也可指物,一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”,请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.

高中英语语法where从句

高考英语语法:关于“where”从句详解 来源:天星更新日期:2010-05-15点击:249 “where”是高考热点之一,命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。 (1)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 句中where是关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中做状语; (2)You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree. 句中where是连接副词,引导名词从句做表语,而本身在从句中做状语; (3)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. 句中where是从属连词,引导状语从句。 在回答有关where的题目时,往往会遇到这样两个难点: 一、定语从句中,“感觉不到”的where。 一提到where,我们往往都借其词义,想到“哪里”,无论是在工厂,在学校,在街道等等,都看得见,摸得着,例如: They will fly to Washington, ____ they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when 答案A,这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿,他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”,使用where,有具体的地点。 不过再看一看下面的三个题目: (1)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A. where B. when C. who D. which

高中英语语法大全

(1)表语从句 1.定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成:关联词+简单句 3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类: (1) 从属连词that。如: The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如: He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如: All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如: It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释: 1.连词because可引导表语从句。如: I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如: My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。(2)主语从句 1.定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成:关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类: (1) 从属连词that。如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如: Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如: What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释: 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有: A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如: It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that

高中英语语法状语从句归纳总结

状语从句一. 二.分类:

adv.+that (如此……以致) so that (结果……) such+n.+that (如果……以致) that (所以,因此) 让步状语从句: though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although (虽然) however (可是) even though/if (即使) no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever (不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时) 比较状语从句: as (正如) as…as (和……一样) not as/so … as (不如……) than (比……更) the+比较级…+the+比较级 (越……越……) 条件状语从句: if (假设) unless (如果不) so long as (只要) on condition that (如果) 方式状语从句: as (像……那样地) just as (正像) as if (好像) as though (好像) 三. 四. 各种状语从句的简化方法:

1. 2.以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于after/before+doing sth. 作状语。 例:After she sang,she left the rich man's house.= After singing,she left the rich man's house.3. 4.以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为非延续性动词。 例:Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village. = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village. 5. 6.时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时,有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例:She stopped when she saw her husband.= She stopped to see her husband. If you want to understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. = To understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. 7. 8.结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化为不定式作状语;若两者主语不一致时,则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例:He was so tired that he couldn't go any further.= He was too tired to go any further. I came here so that I could ask some questions.= I came here(in order) to ask some questions.9. 10.以when,while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语,表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例:When he turned on the radio,he found it broken.= When turning on the radio,he found it broken.While she was walking along the street,she was hit by a car.= While walking along the street,she was hit by a car. 11.原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可简化为分词短语作状语。 例:Since l didn't know Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English.= Not knowing Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English. 注意:形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语,来代替原因状语从句,放在句首、句末均可,但一般应加逗号。 例:As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. 12.在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中,若从句和主句主语不一致时,可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。 例:When the film start appeared, the children got exited.= The film start appearing,the children got exited. If all the work is done, you can have a rest.= With all the work done,you can have a rest. Nothing can live if there is no air.= Nothing can live without air.

高中英语语法复习之三大从句

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