《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的经典测试题及解析

一、选择题

1．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?

—It’s about ________ drive.

A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hours

C．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour

2．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?

--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.

A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’s

C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’

3．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.

A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoes

C．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes

4．With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment.

A．development; to protect B．developing; to protect C．development; protect D．develop; protect

5．Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.

A．Germen; Japanese B．Frenchmen; Japaneses C．Germans; Japanese 6．—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have

—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.

A．a seven-day; off B．a seven-days; away

C．seven-day; over D．a seven-days’; off

7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes

C．are; the bike D．is; bikes

8．Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles.

A．tomato and egg B．tomato and eggs

C．tomatoes and eggs D．tomatoes and egg

9．—What is your _______, Lingling?

—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.

A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest

C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest

10．—What can I do for you?

—Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and .

A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken

11．— How much are the __________?

— Eight yuan a kilo.

A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread

12．—Do _________ like going to ___________?

—I don’t know.

A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops

13．It's about ten __________ walk from here.

A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday.

A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days

15．— Is this room yours? —No, it's not__________.It's __________.

A．mine; Lily's and Lucy's B．my; Lily and Lucy's

C．my; theirs D．mine; Sally's

16．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many

17．I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.

A．to visit, my B．visiting my C．to visit, mine D．visiting, my 18．Some bananas ______ in the bag. Some mutton ______ on the table.

A．are; are B．is; is C．are; is D．is; are 19．(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.

A．children B．children's C．child D．child's

20．Can you tell me the ________ habits of the butterflies?

A．living B．live C．lives D．lived

21．This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.

A．Bob B．Smith C．Bob Smith

22．This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.

A．Africa; Africa B．African; Africa

C．Africa; African D．African; African

23．Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.

A．conditions B．situations C．events D．positions 24．Mary, please get some ________for me.

A．orange B．pear C．tomato

25．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly.

A．some advices B．any advices

C．some advice D．advices

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——从无锡到上海有多远？——大约两小时的车程。

考查特殊疑问句及回答。How long多长，询问时间或物体的长度；how far多远，询问距离。根据“from Wuxi to Shanghai”可知，询问两地间的距离，故用How far，句型为How far is it from…to…? 表示“从……到……有多远？”，排除A、D。第二空后drive是不可数名词，意为“车程”；“两小时的车程”可表达为two hours’ drive或two-hour drive。故选C。

2．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：-从南京到北京有多远？-坐飞机不到三个小时的路程。How long多长时间；How far 多远，提问距离；hour’s小时的；hours’是复数形式的所有格。根据对话的意思可知，这里问的是从南京到北京的距离，应用How far提问，排除A和C。空前有three修饰，故hour 用复数，再变为所有格形式，故应选D。

3．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：在离我的学校不远的地方有一个运动商店和两个鞋店。

sports 运动；shoes鞋，复数；shoe鞋，单数。sports shop运动商店，固定短语；shoe shop鞋店，shoe是名词做定语，故用单数形式，变复数时，只需要shop变复数，shoe不变。故选A。

4．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：随着社会的发展，我们的环境变得越来越糟糕。因此我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境。

考查名词及非谓语动词。development发展，名词；develop发展，动词；protect保护。根

据题干中“With the ________ of society”可知the后接名词，第一空用development；结合选项可知第二句含义“我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境”，“保护环境”是目的，此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。

5．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：一些德国人得知许多日本人在地震中失去了家园，便前往日本帮忙。

考查名词辨析。Germen形式错误，German的复数形式为Germans；Frenchmen法国人（Frenchman的复数）；Germans德国人（German的复数）；Japanese日本，日本人；Japaneses表述错误，Japanese单复同形。分析第一处可知，此处表示“某国人”，其前有Some修饰，所以用其复数形式，排除A；分析第二处可知，此处表示“日本人”，其前有many修饰，所以用其复数形式，又因为Japanese的复数形式也是Japanese。故选C。6．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——到处都有美丽的鲜花来庆祝国庆节，而且我们有七天的假期。——这意味着这个公共假期我们可以休息七天。

考查复合形容词。第一个空，根据题干及选项，可知这里用复合形容词作定语，其构成是：数词＋名词（单数）＋形容词，并且要用连词符号连接，所以“一个七天假期”应表达为a seven?day holiday；第二个空，have+一段时间+off，表示“休多长时间假期”，是固定词组，“七天的假期”seven days off = seven days’ leave．其他的搭配不合理；故答案选A。7．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：这里是一些结果。大多数学生认为自行车比汽车更便宜。

考查主谓一致及名词。第一句话中主语为some of the results，是复数形式，be动词用are，排除A和D；bike自行车，名词，复数形式可以表示类别，与空后的cars相比，故选B。

8．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：彼得想要一碗番茄炒蛋面。

考查名词的数。此处名词作定语修饰其后名词noodles，通常名词作定语时用单数，故选

A。

【点睛】

通常名词作定语时，表示被修饰词的用途，该用作定语的名词用单数，表示复数时只变被修饰词为复数，如：an apple tree, two apple trees。只有被woman或man修饰时，变复数要前后都变，如：a man teacher, some men teachers。

9．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——玲玲，你的兴趣是什么？——我真的喜欢在晚上读令人感兴趣的故事。

考查可数名词及形容词作定语。interest兴趣；interesting令人感兴趣的。根据答句中“I really enjoy reading _____ stories at night.”可知推出问句问的是兴趣，再由be动词is可知your后接名词单数形式interest；stories前要用形容词作定语，用interesting符合题意。故选C。

10．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——我能为你做什么？——呃，我想要一杯牛奶，一些面包和一些鸡肉。

考查不定代词辨析。some一些，后接复数名词或不可数名词，用于肯定句；any一些，后接复数名词或不可数名词，用于否定句。chicken鸡肉，不可数名词，无复数形式；本句是肯定句，and连接并列结构；根据上文“some bread一些面包”，可知选C。

11．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——这些土豆多少钱？——八元一公斤。

考查名词。A. broccoli西兰花；B. potatoes土豆；C. beef牛肉；D. bread面包。根据句中are提示，空格处应填入名词复数，四个选项中只有B选项为可数名词的复数形式，故选B。

12．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——女教师喜欢去服装店吗？——我不知道。

考查名词作定语和名词的数。woman teacher：女老师，复数是women teachers，当man 或woman作定语修饰名词，变为复数时，man或woman与后面的名词同时变为复数，可

知排除A和C；clothes shops：服装店；sports shops：体育用品店；vegetable shops：蔬菜店；可知D中的vegetables shops表达错误；故选B。

【点睛】

名词作定语：（1）通常用单数名词定语：a shoe factory；（2）“数词+名词”作定语，其中的名词使用单数：an 11-year-old daughter；（3）man和woman用作名词前作定语时，其单复数形式与所修饰的名词的单复数形式一致：a man doctor，some men doctors；（4）有些名词只有复数形式，用于某种意义时，习惯于用复数，用在定语时，只能用复数：a sports game，clothes line。

13．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：它离这大约步行10分钟。

考查名词所有格。minute分钟，根据所给空前面的ten可知，应该用minute的复数形式，排除B和D，由所给空后面的walk可知，应该是10分钟的路程，用名词所有格形式，复数名词的名词所有格，如果名词复数是以s结尾的，直接加’即可，排除C，故选A。14．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：当国庆节到来的时候，我们有一个七天的假期。

考查名词短语。seven-day七天；seven-days七天，结构错误；seven days七天；根据句意理解可知，空格是用来修饰后面的名词holiday，在句中作定语，而英语中数字和名词用连字符连接起来可以起到一个形容词的作用，在句中作定语可以修饰一个名词，所以这里应该用seven-day带连字符的结构，而带了连字符，名词是不能用复数的，故选A。

【点睛】

英语中“数词-名词”的结构是可以用来作定语，修饰后面的名词的，但是要注意的是，带有“-”时，名词是不能用复数的，这是做题时经常容易忽略做错的地方，一定要格外注意，只要看到“-”，名词就一定不用复数。

15．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——这是你的房间？——不，这不是我的房间，这是Sally的房间。

考查代词和名词所有格。my是形容词性物主代词，后需跟名词，而这里没有，所以用名词性物主代词mine，故B、C错误。根据this可知是一个房间，A选项中的Lily’s and Lucy’s

应该改为Lily and Lucy’s表示两人共有，故选D。

【点睛】

如果一样东西为几者所共有，则只需在最后一个人后面加’s；如果这样东西不是大家共有的，则需要在每个人后面加’s，而且此时名词需为复数。

16．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：我过去在学校不受欢迎，但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。

考查used to的否定及修饰不可数名词的词的用法。分析第一处可知，此处表示“过去不”，即used to的否定形式，可用didn’t use to或used not to表示，排除A。many许多，修饰可数名词；tons of许多，即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。分析第二处可知，此处修饰的是不可数名词attention，所以不能用many修饰。故选B。

【点睛】

used to，翻译为“过去常常”，否定形式可用didn’t use to或used not to表示。

17．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：我很开心去拜访我的一个朋友。

考查非谓语动词形式和物主代词。visit是动词原形，意为“拜访，参观”，to visit是动词不定式，visiting是动名词。my形容词性物主代词，作定语；mine名词性物主代词，可作主语，表语或者宾语。be happy to do sth.意为“很高兴去做某事”；我的一个朋友a friend of my friends=a friend of mine。故选C。

18．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：袋子里有一些香蕉。一些羊肉在桌子上。考查系动词辨析题。some一些，后接复数名词或不可数名词。bananas是复数形式，系词需用are；mutton是不可数名词，系词需用is；根据句意语境，可知选D。

19．B

解析：B

【解析】

句意：妈妈看了看她的两个儿子说：“它取决于我孩子们的意见。”children孩子们，是名词child的复数形式；children’s是复数名词的所有格形式；child孩子，单数；child’s单数名词

的所有格形式。根据句意her two sons可知，这里有两个孩子，应用复数形式，排除C和D。复数名词children的名词所有格形式是直接在其后面直接加's，children's表示“孩子们的”，修饰后面的名词decision，故选B。

点睛：1.名词所有格及其用法。一般在词尾加’s。以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加’；不规则复数名词在词尾加’s，如children’s。两者或两者以上共同所有，把’s加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。

2. some much, a lot of 等与不可数名词连用，表示大概的数量。表示不可数名词的确切的数量，我们可以在其前面加上表示单位的量词。如：a piece of , a cup of , two bowls of等表示确切数量的词。

20．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：你能告诉我蝴蝶的生活习性吗?

考查近义词辨析。living名词，生活方式；live动词，住；lives动词的第三人称单数，住（life的复数形式，生命）；lived动词的过去式或过去分词，住（形容词，有生命力的）。根据题干中“the ____ habits of the butterflies”可知此处是问蝴蝶的生活习性，用名词living作定语修饰habits。故选A。

21．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这是鲍勃·史密斯。他的姓是史密斯。

考查人名。Bob鲍勃，人名；Smith斯密斯，姓；Bob Smith鲍勃.斯密斯，全名。题目问的是last name，即问的是姓什么。英美人姓名的排列是名在前姓在后。所以Smith就是姓。故选B。

22．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这匹斑马是非洲的动物，它现在住在非洲。

考查名词及形容词的用法。Africa非洲。名词；African非洲的，形容词。第一空后有名词，所以应该用形容词，第二空在介词之后应该用表示国家的名词。故选B。

23．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：在教室里学习英语是很重要的，但是在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能。

考查名词词义辨析。A. conditions条件，天气等状况；B. situations形势，情况；C. events 事件；D. positions位置；根据句意及选项可知，“在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能”，现实中多运用，选B更合适。

24．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：玛丽，请给我拿些橙汁来。

考查名词辨析，A. orange Cn.橙子&Un.橙汁；B. pear Cn.梨子；C. tomato Cn.西红柿。观察句子some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，故选A。

25．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——请你给我一些建议好吗？——当然。

考查名词单复数。根据动词短语give sb some advice 表示“给某人一些建议”。advice为不可数名词，不需要加s，表示希望得到对方的肯定回答用some。结合句意，故选C。

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

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