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高中英语阅读七选五解题方法+技巧,教你秒杀正确答案

高中英语阅读七选五解题方法+技巧,教你秒杀正确答案
高中英语阅读七选五解题方法+技巧,教你秒杀正确答案

高中英语阅读七选五解题方法+技巧,教你秒杀正确答案

高中英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握,并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说,此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

七选五阅读6大解题方略:基础差也可得满分

1.略读文章抓大意

以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句,以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分,以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上,一般只需花5~10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。

2.重点阅读上下句

因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺,解题时大多只看上句,或只看下句,就可基本确定答案。

事实上,如果没有时间来得及通读或细读,或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂,建议通过以下技巧,也基本上可以得满分。

3.看看结构变轻松

在解题过程中,除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外,通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小,心情变得更加轻松,一般可将7个选项缩小到2~4个选项,碰对的机率大大提高。

(1)标题结构

如果考查段落标题,先看看其他标题的语言形式,同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标题是名词短语,该题答案也是名词短语;如果其他标题是祈使句,该题的答案也是祈使句。如:

1. The basic function of money.

Being explaining the basic function of money …

2. Money lessons.

Approach money lessons with openness…

3. 74

Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. (2011新课标卷)

A. Wise decisions.

B. The value of money.

解析:本题要求选小标题。观察其他标题,都是名词短语,因此,本标题也应是名词短语;七个选项中只有A、B两个选项是名词短语,这样就可大大缩小选择范围;浏览两个选项,再看空后文字,发现decisions与choices大意相同(近义词),故选A项。

(2)句子结构

如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分,就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子,如果是句子,看看是否有连词,如果没有连词,要选的正确选项就应是短语或是带有连词的从句。如:

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. (2015新课标卷II)

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

解析:从句式结构上看,逗号后是祈使句,没有连词,正确答案要么是带有连词的从句,

要么是一个短语,只有A、 B、 C、 E四个选项符合,这样就缩小了选择范围;根据空前句中的preparation (准备),和常识可知是“训练前”,故选C项。

4.词语复现显神功

作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时,与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现,这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现;

以同义词的形式重复出现,叫同义复现;以近义词或近义表达(意思相近,表达方式不同)的形式重复出现,叫近义复现;以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现,叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现(adult是teacher,parent的上义词,而teacher,parent就是adult的下义词)。

词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段,而七选五正是考查语篇衔接,因此,利用词语复

现解七选五十分管用。在近五年的8套全国新课标卷共40道题中有13道题利用这一招可直接选出答案,利用这一招可将选项缩小到2个选项的还有5道,也就是说,平均起来,几乎有一半的题仅用这一招就可解决。如:

39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. (2015新课标卷I)

A. Learn to really trust yourself.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D. Remember that you can expect the best inreturn.

解析:要求选段落主题句。空后句三次出现victim一词, 七个选项中只有选项C中有victim,原词复现。将选项C“不要把自己当作受害者”代入空格处,与下文衔接紧密,故选C项。本段结构:总(总领)—分(细说)。

值得注意的是,有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用,但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项,只是正确的可能性更大,在解题过程中需重点考虑或

优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案,还得将含复现词的选项代入原文,看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接,只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。如:

38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. (2015新课标卷I)

A. Learn to really trust yourself.

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

解析:要求选段落主题句。不要因为选项B与空后句中都有confidence,原词复现就选B,也不要因为选项C中与空后句中都有yourself,原词复现就选C。选项A中的trust yourself 与空格后的Having confidence in yourself(信任你自己)是同义复现,所以该选项是重点考虑对象;将选项A代入原文,上下句意为“学会真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于做出更好的选择……”语义衔接紧密,故选A。

5.代词逻辑亦管用

我们知道,七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接,而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一,故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。如:

Try to solve the problem. After you’re calmand you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business. 74 Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it. (2012新课标卷)

D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress isgone.

E. You need to figure out what the problemis.

F. And don’t forget about your friends.

解析:本段主题句是“Tryto solve the problem”,空后句又有solve it,其中it指什么?当然是theproblem,因此,前句中一定会出现problem一词,七个选项中只有E项符合。

根据空格句与上下句之间的逻辑关系来解题,如解释关系(对前句或对主题的进一步解释)、并列关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系等。如:

Get a coach

51 , so get help. Since there are about abillion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that’s right for you. (2013新课标卷II)

C. Turn your back on too many rules

D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts

E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough

解析:由空后的so(因此,引出结果)可知,空处要填的应是“要得到帮助”的原因;选项E 中public speaking is tough (当众演讲是困难的)正是寻求帮助的原因,故选E项。(因果逻辑关系)

6.篇章需要基本功

有的题利用文章或段落的“总—分”结构关系来解,也很管用,但需要以下基本功:懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构通常是主题句(总)+支撑句(分)(分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等)。如:

From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money isa topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. (2014新课标卷II)

A. Try new things.

B. Ability is easily improved.

C. Make three or four instead.

解析:空前主题句中提到ability,money, time三个主要原因,空后提到了money与time, 所以这里应是谈ability,故选B项。

众所周知,有问就有答,问什么就答什么。根据这一常识,对解题也很有帮助。如:The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. (2014新课标卷I)

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare forjobs that don’t yet exist?

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

解析:由空后By doingsth. (通过做某事)这个表示方式的介词短语可知,此空应该是一个以how开头的疑问句,故选D项。

此外,有时利用词语同现也有助于选出正确选项。所谓词语同现,就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如school, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fall, pass,maths, learn等这些词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如:

Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”(2014新课标卷I)

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we can’t forget science education.

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

解析:与空后句中的ingredients(配料),pancakes(薄煎饼)可能同时出现的,只有选项A 中的cook,故选A项(鼓励孩子跟你一起烹饪)。

高考英语七选五阅读解题的十大技巧

技巧一:从细节逻辑上判断---因果关系

在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子,明白这几句话的确切意思,然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上,判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。

因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系,这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果,thus/therefore因此,so (such)...如此------以至于等。

技巧二:从细节逻辑上判断---转折关系

转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。

表示转折关系的连接词有:However然而, nevertheless仍然,然而,不过, nonetheless尽管如此,依然,然而, still还;然而, though可是,不过,然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾,不管, at any rate无论如何,至少, in any case无论如何,不管怎样, whoever 无论是谁, whatever无论什么,on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比较起来,比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则;除此以外,not---but不是-----而是,as well也等。技巧三:从细节逻辑上判断---例证关系

前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样,但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系,用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。

技巧四:从细节逻辑上判断---递进关系

递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。

表示递进关系的连词有:also也, 而且, further另外(的);, furthermore而且,此外, likewise同样地,照样地;也,又, similarly相似地,类似地, moreover而且再者,此外, in addition另外,加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也,还, either也, neither两者都不, not only…but also不但…而且等。

技巧五:从细节逻辑上判断---平列关系

表示列举关系的有:first首先, 第一, second第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(点);其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后…; in the first place第一,首先, in the second place第二,其次…; for one thing首先,一则, for another thing其次…; to begin with首先,第一, to conclude首先,第一等

技巧六:从词汇线索上判断---代词

英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

技巧七:从词汇线索上判断---同义词/近义词

英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用,这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言,上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义

词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。

技巧八:从词汇线索上判断---上下义词/同一范畴词

上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者,或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。

技巧九:从试题位置上判断---问题在段首

假如问题出现在段首,它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。

另外着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词。

通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的,因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段,尤其当选项是几句话时。

技巧十:从试题位置上判断---问题在段尾

所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可考虑

与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句,看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。

分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。

如果第一段的段尾是空白,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题,如果在段尾提出主题,会用一些信号词如转折词引出来,正确答案中应有这样的特征词。

段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

高考英语阅读七选五做题技巧

七选五做题技巧 通读全文,了解文章大意。通读答案,找出和文章相对应的关键词。根据文章整体结构、具体内容,结合关键词,将选项填入文中。将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。研究多余选项,确定排除理由,最终确定答案。 1. 如果问题设在段首 (1)通常是段落的主题句 认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关的词,推断出主题句 (2)与后文是并列,转折,因果关系等。 着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词,通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的,因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。 (3)段落间的过渡句。 这时要瞻前顾后找启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。 2. 如果问题设在段尾 (1).空白前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词。 (2.)通常是结论,概括性语句 注意在选项中查找表示结果结论,总结等的信号词。Therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 (3.)与前文是转折或对比关系 此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立,对比关系。 (4.)与前文是并列或排比关系 在这种情况下,通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,因此,根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词,通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构,或出现同义词等其他线索。 (5.)所选答案是引出下一段的内容 如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句,看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来 (6.)如果第一段的段尾是空白,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题 通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题,如果在段尾提出主题,会用一些信号词如转折词引出来,正确答案应有这样的特征词。 一、基本技巧 一)做题步骤 1.阅读各个空的前后句,标记关键词 在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后,要阅读五个空各自的前后句,并将前后句中的解题线索,即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组(如带有形容词的名词词组)、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。 2.阅读各个选项,尤其是选项的首句,标记关键词 3.比较上述两类关键词,确定答案 4.将确定的答案代入原文,看读起来是否通顺。 二)判断方法 在标记了原文与选项的关键词以后,可以按照下列原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配: 1.词汇衔接 正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句的关键词,也与下一句的关键词相呼应。

高考英语阅读理解-七选五6篇真题训练

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