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LPA分层过程审核Layered Process Auditing

LPA分层过程审核Layered Process Auditing
LPA分层过程审核Layered Process Auditing

CQI-8 Layered Process Audits Guideline

Layered Process Audits

AIAG PUBLICATIONS

An AIAG publication reflects a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An AIAG publication is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an AIAG publication does not in any respect preclude anyone from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the publication. CAUTIONARY NOTICE

AIAG publications are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions.

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE

Recognizing that this AIAG publication may not cover all circumstances, AIAG has established a maintenance procedure. Please refer to the Maintenance Request Form at the back of this document to submit a request.

APPROVAL STATUS

The Quality Requirements Task Force and designated stakeholders approved this document for publication on November 9, 2005.

Published by:

Automotive Industry Action Group

26200 Lahser Road, Suite 200

Southfield, Michigan 48034

Phone: (248) 358-3570 ? Fax: (248) 358-3253

AIAG Copyright and Trademark Notice:

The contents of all published materials are copyrighted by the Automotive Industry Action Group unless otherwise indicated. Copyright is not claimed as to any part of an original work prepared by a U.S. or state government officer or employee as part of the person’s official duties. All rights are preserved by AIAG, and content may not be altered or disseminated, published, or transferred in part of such content. The information is not to be sold in part or whole to anyone within your organization or to another company. Copyright infringement is a violation of federal law subject to criminal and civil penalties. AIAG and the Automotive Industry Action Group are registered service marks of the Automotive Industry Action Group.

? 2005 Automotive Industry Action Group

Layered Process Audits

FOREWORD

Industry data show that most manufacturing quality issues are caused by poor process control or by a failure to follow the appropriate process instructions.

Effective management of process capability requires the identification of sources of both special and common cause variation. Once the sources are identified, corrective actions designed to address them must be effectively implemented and sustained.

Employees do not refer to instructions or procedures before every step of a process; they often complete the processes by memory, which comes from repeating and practicing each step many times over. Once necessary process changes are identified, employees must re-learn and adjust. However, it is very easy for employees to return to the old, familiar methods.

Before 2005, DaimlerChrysler and General Motors required different process review approaches, including different approaches for Layered Process Audits. It was recognized that the Layered Process Audit methodology was not unique to any particular company, hence, under the auspices of the AIAG, DaimlerChrysler and General Motors developed a common approach for Layered Process Audits.

One of the principal purposes of industry standard practices is to address commonly observed issues that are not isolated to any one company, commodity, or process within the industry. Validation of process improvements and corrective actions is one commonly observed industry issue that can be directly improved by the use of Layered Process Audits, which are designed for this specific purpose. Layered Process Audits require that multiple operational levels within a manufacturing facility review the same key operational controls that ensure product quality. Controlling quality at multiple operational levels is a key strength of Layered Process Audits.

Layered Process Audits

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The following individuals were actively involved in the development of this Guideline.

Name Company Jeanine Grimaudo DaimlerChrysler Corporation

Jerod Long General Motors Corporation

The Layered Process Audit team gratefully acknowledges the leadership and commitment of Vice Presidents Peter Rosenfeld at DaimlerChrysler Corporation and Bo Andersson of General Motors Corporation as well as the assistance of the AIAG in developing, producing, and distributing this Guideline.

Layered Process Audits

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS GUIDELINE (1)

AIAG PUBLICATIONS (1)

CAUTIONARY NOTICE (1)

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE (1)

APPROVAL STATUS (1)

FOREWORD (2)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (3)

INTRODUCTION (6)

B ACKGROUND (6)

P URPOSE OF T HIS G UIDELINE (6)

1.0WHAT ARE LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS? (7)

1.1T YPICAL S TEPS FOR D EVELOPING AND I MPLEMENTING L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS (7)

1.2S COPE OF U SE OF L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS (8)

1.3T HE B ENEFITS OF L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS (9)

1.4E VERYONE I S AN "A UDITOR" (9)

1.5L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS AND THE "I S /I S N OT"T OOL (10)

L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS ARE: (10)

L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS ARE NOT: (10)

2.0GUIDANCE FOR PLANNING LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS (13)

2.1A UDIT I TEMS (13)

2.2A UDIT L AYERS (16)

2.3A UDIT F REQUENCY (16)

2.4A UDIT N ON-CONFORMANCE R EACTION (18)

2.5A UDIT O WNERSHIP (18)

3.0CONDUCTING LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS (19)

3.1D ISCIPLINE IN C ONDUCTING A UDITS (19)

3.2R ECORDING R ESULTS (19)

3.3W HEN A N ON-CONFORMANCE I S F OUND (19)

3.4C ORRECTIVE A CTION P LANS (19)

4.0REVIEWING LAYERED PROCESS AUDIT RESULTS (21)

5.0MAINTAINING LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS (23)

5.1M ANAGING THE I TEMS ON A L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT (23)

5.1.1Adding or Changing Layered Process Audit Items (23)

5.1.2Deleting Layered Process Audit Items (23)

5.2A DDING C ORRECTIVE A CTIONS TO L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS (23)

5.3A UDITING C OMPLIANCE TO L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT R EQUIREMENTS (24)

6.0SUMMARY (27)

ABOUT AIAG (28)

Layered Process Audits

P URPOSE S TATEMENT (28)

C ORE V ALUES (28)

AIAG O RGANIZATION (28)

AIAG P ROJECTS (28)

MAINTENANCE REQUEST (29)

Tables

T ABLE 1A.T YPICAL S TEPS FOR D EVELOPING AND I MPLEMENTING A UDITS (7)

T ABLE 1B.H OW TO E XPLAIN L AYERED P ROCESS A UDITS TO P ERSONNEL (10)

T ABLE 2A.E XAMPLE OF AN O PERATION-FOCUSED L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT C HECK-SHEET (15)

T ABLE 2B.E XAMPLE OF A L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT P LAN S HOWING A UDIT A REAS (ADDITIONAL AREAS FOR HIGHER LEVELS OF EACH LAYER),A UDIT L AYERS, AND A UDIT F REQUENCY (17)

T ABLE 5.E XAMPLE OF A UDITING C OMPLIANCE TO L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT R EQUIREMENTS (25)

Figures

F IGURE 2.E XAMPLE OF A L AYER-F REQUENCY L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT S TRATEGY (16)

F IGURE 4A.E XAMPLE OF L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT R ESULTS –S UMMARIZIN

G P LANNED VS.A CTUAL L AYERED

P ROCESS A UDITS BY M ANAGEMENT L EVEL AND M ONTH (21)

F IGURE 4B.E XAMPLE OF L AYERED P ROCESS A UDIT R ESULTS –P ERCENT OF A UDITED I TEMS IN C OMPLIANCE (21)

Layered Process Audits INTRODUCTION

Background

Industry data show that most manufacturing quality issues are caused by poor process control--often a failure to reinforce manufacturing process corrective actions or a failure to follow the required process steps.

Effective management of process compliance requires the identification of sources of both special and common cause variation. Examples of special cause variation might include failure of one shift of personnel to follow the prescribed process. Examples of common cause variation might include an inadequate FMEA for the manufacturing process. Once the sources are identified, the corrective actions designed to address them must be effectively implemented and sustained.

Employees typically do not refer to instructions or procedures before every step of a process; they often complete the processes by memory, which comes from repeating and practicing each step many times over. Once necessary process changes are identified, employees must re-learn and adjust. It is very easy for them to return to the old, familiar methods. There might even be perceived incentives in place to follow the "tried and true" previous processes, even though studies have shown that the "tried and true" processes were not adequate to meet customer requirements.

Purpose of This Guideline

Layered Process Audits reduce variation along the manufacturing line and up through the ranks of plant management. However, if each customer (OEM) developed its own Layered Process Audit method, the effectiveness overall would be reduced. The basic approach for the Audits is an established concept; therefore, there is no competitive advantage for any particular OEM to develop a custom approach. The competitive advantage, though, could lie in the chosen application of the common Audit approach.

The concepts behind Layered Process Audits are not new. They find their origin in the well-known Plan-Do-Check-Act continuous improvement cycle.

This Guideline is not designed to introduce any significant improvements in the technology or application methodology of Layered Process Audits. It is designed to provide a common framework of the definitions and standard approaches that can be adopted by any automotive OEM or supplier to an OEM (tier 1), at any depth in the supply chain (any tier).

Each organization may choose to develop specific requirements for Layered Process Audits, for example, the frequency of the audits or the minimum topics to be included in the question sets. Such specific requirements will augment the suggested framework defined by this Guideline.

Layered Process Audits

1.0 WHAT ARE LAYERED PROCESS AUDITS?

It is recommended that a training program for Layered Process Audit auditors be based on material in this Guideline starting with this section.

Layered Process Audits require that multiple operational levels within a manufacturing facility review the same key operational controls (within the reviewer's span of authority) that ensure product quality. NOTE: While this Guideline describes the common fundamental requirements that DaimlerChrysler and General Motors have agreed upon, each company might have specific requirements such as particular processes audited, reporting format, audit maintenance, etc. Please refer to Customer-Specific Requirements for Layered Process Audits for this information.

1.1 Typical Steps for Developing and Implementing Layered Process

Audits

Layered Process Audits can be best understood if they are described by their basic steps for developing and implementing the Audits, as applied to the organization that is using the approach. Table 1A lists the commonly defined steps.

Table 1A. Typical Steps for Developing and Implementing Audits

A cross-functional team identifies existing key process steps to audit. These are selected based on risk to product quality including lessons learned, safety, criticality of process step, or product characteristic. Layered Process Audit items can also include past non-conformances, past customer returns, and past customer complaints.

Layered Process Audits conducted in manufacturing facilities are owned by Manufacturing Management.

If Layered Process Audits are conducted in Product Development, for example, Product

Development Management owns the Audits.

Layered Process Audits reinforce existing processes and requirements and are not intended to develop pilot or draft processes.

Layered Process Audits are short in duration and are conducted according to a regular, planned cadence with specific criteria for frequency.

Multiple levels of plant personnel audit the manufacturing process to the same questions; delegating is not acceptable.

Audit results are recorded consistently, including corrective actions, and summarized for senior management review.

Areas audited are appropriate to the span of authority of the level of person auditing.

The higher the level of management conducting the audit, the greater the span of control and

therefore the number of audit items can increase.

The multiple levels of plant personnel that audit must do so with a standard, common set of questions. Audit items are typically yes/no checks regarding process steps, requirements, etc. Layered Audits are not intended to have multiple layers of management measure part characteristics.

Audit frequency depends on personnel management level, not on availability.

Layered Process Audits

Non-conformances have predetermined reaction plans, which are implemented immediately.

Audit questions are updated as required to incorporate the latest improvements and process updates based on audit findings, employee suggestions, etc.

Layered Process Audits are monitored for completion and issues found. Root causes are then determined and appropriate questions are incorporated into the audits for recurring non-conformances. The expected result of the Layered Process Audits is that customers benefit from reduced variation in the manufacturing process.

1.2 Scope of Use of Layered Process Audits

Layered Process Audits were developed to validate both the consistent compliance with existing manufacturing process steps and the implementation of changes or corrective actions in those existing steps.

While it might be possible to implement Layered Process Audits in non-manufacturing environments (for example, Product Development), such usage might require a modified approach. This Guideline describes the Layered Process Audit approach that has been effective in the manufacturing environment. The steps listed in Table 1A have the following characteristics:

?Require that personnel from the operations level through to plant senior management validate the implementation of defined manufacturing processes.

?Reinforce manufacturing process updates (typically implemented as a result of a corrective action).

?Focus on key processes and process steps identified as requiring special attention from multiple levels of plant personnel to ensure compliance due to their criticality to customer satisfaction.

?Do not replace regular Quality Management System audits conducted by internal or external dedicated auditors.

Layered Process Audits can be considered a process audit as required by ISO/TS16949:2002, Section 8.2.2.2, Manufacturing Process Audit.

Therefore, the scope of a Layered Process Audit is limited to the identified processes and process steps requiring special attention due to their criticality to customer satisfaction rather than being a broad check of process compliance.

Not keeping Layered Process Audits to their original intent by, for example, broadening them to include all processes or not updating their question sets, would likely reduce the benefits of the Audits and discourage their use.

A more detailed description of what Layered Process Audits are and are not is provided in section 1.5 of this Guideline.

Layered Process Audits

1.3 The Benefits of Layered Process Audits

Layered Process Audits have several tangible and intangible benefits, most of which are associated with process compliance and directly impact product quality. Other benefits are associated with the softer side of managing an organization, including increased floor time for plant management.

Many organizations have observed that Layered Process Audits achieve the following:

?Measure and encourage work process standardization.

?Reinforce key or updated process steps, including safety requirements.

?Openly publish what is important and what will be checked.

?Increase the interaction between plant management and line operators.

?Allow operators to provide first hand feedback to plant management and see immediate corrective action implementation where appropriate.

?Demonstrate the importance of key processes and key process steps by having plant management review those processes and steps with the operators.

?Institutionalize training and process knowledge for operators and all levels of plant management. ?Reduce errors, reduce scrap, increase First Time Through, and therefore reduce costs.

?Improve product quality and customer satisfaction.

While these are typical benefits of Layered Process Audits, they might not be applicable to every organization. There might be other, more significant benefits that surface from using Layered Process Audit methodology.

1.4 Everyone Is an "Auditor"

There is a significant difference between an internal Quality Management System auditor and a Layered Process auditor. To paraphrase W. Edwards Deming, no one goes to work with the intention of doing a bad job. Therefore, everyone wants to know that he or she is doing a good job, for a variety of reasons, including personal pride, recognition, etc. If people need to know that they are doing a good job, they need to have metrics regarding their job.

This starts with the operator personally checking part quality and process compliance, without the fear of a "formal" audit.

The first line supervisor checks key processes and process steps that everyone is aware of since they are on the published Layered Process Audit check-sheet. Process compliance feedback is immediate, as are any agreed-upon corrective actions.

Layered Process Audits

The next level supervisor would then make the same checks, and so forth, up the chain of command in the plant, limited only by the span of authority of the person conducting the Layered Process Audit (who is defined as the "auditor").

In this way, everyone is an auditor for Layered Process Audits. These "auditors" do not need Quality Management System auditor training since they are not Quality Management System auditors.

1.5 Layered Process Audits and the "Is / Is Not" Tool

When implementing Layered Process Audits, it often helps to explain to personnel of all levels what Layered Process Audits are, paradoxically, by explaining what they are not. The "is/is not" tool is recognized in many problem-solving disciplines. This has been applied to Layered Process Audits in Table 1B below.

Table 1B. How to Explain Layered Process Audits to Personnel Layered Process Audits are: Layered Process Audits are not:

1. Verification that processes and procedures

are being followed.

1. A quality audit of part characteristics.

2. Owned by the operational group where the

audit is conducted (e.g., Manufacturing).

2. Owned by any support group (e.g., Quality).

3. Conducted by multiple management levels of personnel in a given facility. 3. Conducted only by an inspector or lab technician.

4. An audit consisting of quick, typically yes/no, questions. 4. An audit that requires measuring parts or other product characteristics.

5. A short list of key and high-risk processes, process steps, and procedures. 5. A long “laundry list” of items that include items not contributing to customer satisfaction.

6. Completed on a regular, pre-determined frequency. 6. Completed whenever the auditor has spare time.

7. Completed by the person identified in the audit plan in each layer of the organization. 7. Allowed to be delegated by the responsible persons.

8. Completed on-site “where the work is done.” 8. Completed in the auditor’s office.

9. A method to verify and sustain corrective

actions related to process.

9. A method to determine corrective actions.

10. A method to verify that quality documentation (instructions, control plans, etc.) is being followed. 10. An inspection method to add to the process control plan.

Layered Process Audits

11. An audit with results that are reviewed by site leadership on a regular basis. 11. An audit with results that are filed away and not reviewed.

12. An audit where non-conformances are addressed immediately. 12. An audit where non-conformances are noted and addressed at a later time or after a certain number have been accumulated.

13. An audit typically planned for processes and procedures conducted by people. 13. An audit to validate the operation of a machine.

14. A method to facilitate communication

between operators and management.

14. A method to identify the worst employees.

15. A method to stress the importance of complying with processes and procedures. 15. A method to show personnel that “we’re watching you.”

16. An audit of selected processes and procedures / steps. 16. A replacement for internal Quality Management System (e.g., ISO/TS 16949) audits.

Layered Process Audits

Layered Process Audits

2.0 GUIDANCE FOR PLANNING LAYERED PROCESS

AUDITS

Layered Process Audits are effective only when they are carefully planned. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, with management involvement, is the most effective way to plan for Layered Process Audits. There are five factors that should be considered:

?Audit Items – What are we going to audit?

?Audit Layers – What levels of the organization will be involved?

?Audit Frequency – How often will each layer of the organization conduct the audit?

?Audit Non-conformance Reaction – What is the plan when a non-conformance is found?

?Audit Ownership – Who ensures that the audit is conducted and that the results are reviewed and acted upon?

2.1 Audit Items

A cross-functional team should be formed within the organization to develop the list of items for the Layered Process Audit. The Audits should include whatever the organization believes is critical to product quality. The items are typically those that are high-risk to customer satisfaction. Processes, procedures, and other aspects of the business that are critical to ensure product quality are items that should be considered. When selecting items for a Layered Process Audit, the team may consider the status and importance of the related process.

To be most effective, Layered Process Audits should be relatively short in duration. Typically, Audits should include items that can be verified quickly. For example, it is typical for an Audit to verify the existence of the record of the first-piece inspection. It is not typical that the Audit require that someone actually complete the first-piece inspection process.

The Layered Process Audit check-sheet could contain specific items drawn from the following areas: ?Gauges

?Gauge calibration

?Visual aids

?Process/machine parameters

?Set-up and/or changeover procedures

?Job instructions

?Build/processing technique

?Product identification

?Torque monitoring equipment

?Documentation/record keeping

?Error-proofing or error-detection equipment

?Laboratory checks

?Part feature inspection

?Safety procedures

?Corrective actions from past quality issues

?Preventive maintenance

Layered Process Audits ?Housekeeping

?Stacking/packing requirements

Elements that typically should not be part of a Layered Process Audit item list include these: ?Measuring specific part dimensions/characteristics

?Testing specific part performance characteristics

?Actually making a part to test the manufacturing process

?Checking whether or not the operators came to work on time

?Judging operator performance

?Verifying the completion of other "layers" in the Layered Process Audit

Sample items in a Layered Process Audit check-sheet might be these:

?Records (where required) showing that a daily set-up first-part validation check was conducted.

?Calibration not expired for gauge xxx.

?Visual aids of revision level yyy.

?Records showing that an error-proof "rabbit" was run at the beginning of each shift.

?Auditor validates error-proof devices by "running a rabbit."

?Machine zzz parameter 123 is set at level 456.

?Records showing that required preventive maintenance was performed to schedule (could require a proforma record).

?Record of the completion of tool change-over steps.

?Operator is using required personal protective equipment.

?Other relevant items.

Layered Process Audits should be focused where they will be most effective. They can be developed to be operation-specific, process-specific, department-specific, product line-specific, etc. In developing an Audit check-sheet, remember that it should include specific, critical items that can be verified quickly. Therefore, the more focused the Audit check-sheet, the more effective. A Layered Process Audit should not be a laundry list of all requirements within a production cell or department.

Table 2A below gives an example of an operation-focused Layered Process Audit check-sheet.

Layered Process Audits

Table 2A. Example of an Operation-focused Layered Process Audit Check-sheet

THR FRI SAT

OP #30 Assembly MON TUE WE

D

Are the builders checking rotation and marking

parts as required by work instruction xxxx-y?

Are the results of all required dimensional

inspections recorded on form zzzz-1?

THR FRI SAT

MON TUE WE

D

Are the first piece inspection sheets completed

daily by all shifts?

Are all scrapped parts tagged in accordance

with procedure tttt-3?

Was the error proofing verification conducted

and documented for each shift?

THR FRI SAT

Total Nonconforming Items MON TUE WE

D

List any Quality or Manufacturing Concerns on all Operations

At a minimum, there should be a standard, common list of items for all auditors of a given department, process, etc. As the auditor’s level in the organization increases, the number of the audit items and therefore the scope can increase. This is because the higher the level of the auditor, the greater that individual’s scope of authority. For example, a supervisor may verify that the first-piece inspection was completed for his or her line, but a plant manager may additionally verify that the first-piece inspection results for the entire plant are summarized and posted at the appropriate location within the plant. Examples of audit items that can be added as the level of auditor increases include the following: ?Site-wide required quality documentation is updated and posted.

?Evidence that customer delivery requirements have been met.

?Evidence that customer quality concerns are addressed in xx days.

Layered Process Audits

2.2 Audit Layers

A Layered Process Audit gets its name from the requirement that multiple "layers" (i.e., personnel at various levels) of an organization conduct the same audit. Unlike an audit of a product characteristic or feature that is typically conducted only by an operator or a quality department team member, a Layered Process Audit is conducted by personnel ranging from working-level team members to personnel at the highest levels of the facility's organizational structure.

Operators, supervisors, department managers, plant managers, and company presidents conduct the Layered Process Audit. A Layered Process Audit places people of multiple levels of the organization "where the work is being done" to verify critical items. This facilitates communication between management and the working-level team members. The Layered Process Audit also demonstrates to all team members that these designated, critical items are very important. “If the plant manager, or even the company president, is here to verify that it is done, it must be critical.”

2.3 Audit Frequency

A Layered Process Audit is conducted at a given frequency, which is determined by the level of the auditor within the organization. The closer the auditor is to the level of the area being audited, the more frequently that auditor will conduct the Audit. For example, a line supervisor may conduct the Audit on a daily basis, while the plant manager may conduct the Audit once per month. Customer specifics may require particular audit frequencies.

Figure 2. Example of a Layer-Frequency Layered Process Audit Strategy

Supervisor M T W TH F M T W TH F M T W TH F Manager W W W

Site Leader W

Figure 2 above shows the following plan:

Operators and Supervisors will conduct the Layered Process Audit daily.

The Department Manager will conduct the Layered Process Audit weekly on Wednesday.

The Site Leader will conduct the Layered Process Audit every three weeks on Wednesday.

Audit frequency may also vary depending on the audit item. For example, daily auditing should be done to verify that error-proofing/error-detection equipment verification was completed. Therefore, organizations should plan their Layered Process Audit frequency considering the type of audit items.

Layered Process Audits

Table 2B shows an example of a Layered Audit Process area coverage plan.

Table 2B. Example of a Layered Process Audit Plan Showing Audit Areas (additional areas for

higher levels of each layer), Audit Layers, and Audit Frequency Shift Daily Weekly Monthly

Q u a r t e r l y A n n u a l l y Areas of potential risk O p e r a t o r

Q .A . I n s p e c t o r

T e a m L e a d e r

S u p e r v i s o r P l a n t M a n a g e r Q .A . M a n a g e r

O p e r a t i o n s M a n a g e r

E x e c u t i v e M a n a g e r D i r e c t o r

P r e s i d e n t

C E O Part / Product

Error-Proofing Verification

First-Piece Inspection

Last-Piece Inspection

Standard Work Instructions

Operator Tracking Sheets

Safety Issues

Process

Set-up

SPC Compliance

Tooling Approval

Quality Data

Facility

Preventive Maintenance

Calibration

Lot Traceability

Housekeeping

Voice of the Customer

Customer Data Posted

Action Plans Updated & On-time

Customer Isues Posted

Customer Delivery Performance

Environmental

Layered Process Audits

2.4 Audit Non-conformance Reaction

Just as with quality audits or process control plan checks, Layered Process Audits must have defined reaction plans for any non-conformances found.

Reaction plans for Layered Process Audit non-conformances must be documented and must be available for reference and use by the auditor. All non-conformances must be addressed using the appropriate defined reaction plan and documented by the auditor.

A reaction plan is a validated method for 100 percent containment of the particular identified non-conformance. Reaction plans are typically developed before the planning stage of the Audit and are often based on previously addressed non-conformances.

As an example, a Layered Process Audit reaction plan may have two steps: 1) Notify the supervisor for immediate action (e.g., containment), and 2) Notify the responsible manager for long-term action. The reaction plan is typically documented as part of or an attachment to the Layered Process Audit check-sheet.

More information regarding Layered Process Audit reaction plans can be found in section 5.0 of this document.

2.5 Audit Ownership

Layered Process Audits are not an additional audit carried out by the Quality Department. Furthermore, they are not controls that should be included in a process control plan. Layered Process Audits serve to verify that critical procedures and processes are followed by the various functions within an organization. The Audits ensure that defined methods and work instructions are used and that implemented corrective actions are sustained.

Due to the scope and purpose of Layered Process Audits, operations management of the areas where the Audits are conducted must own the process. Operations managers must ensure the following: ?Layered Process Audits are conducted on time.

?Layered Process Audits are conducted by the designated team members.

?The results are recorded and reviewed regularly.

?Resources are available and focused on corrective actions for the non-conformances identified.

分层审核管理制度

生产现场标准化作业分层审核管理制度 1.目的 在制造系统内部(生产和设备维护)形成逐层审核的流程制度,以使整个制造系统执行明确、有效的工艺纪律并得到确认审核,从而较大程度的改善制造系统的制造质量。 2.范围 适用于衡业新材所有制造现场。 3.定义 分层审核:是由组织的各个级别定期、频繁进行的一种标准化的审核,用来确认组织内操作标准的符合情况,并持续改进现场质量控制标准。 4.职责 4.1常务副总经理负责为本程序的实施提供必要的管理支持,并审核流程的有效性。 4.2质量部负责本程序的有效实施,对审核发现进行汇总,与相关人员制定纠正措施并跟踪进度及效果。 4.3部长(主任),工程师,班长按分层审核目视板规定进行验证确认。 5定义审核频次: 5.1常务副总经理每周一次 5.2车间主任,部长每3天一次 5.3工程师,班长每天一次 6.实施内容: 6.1常务副总经理每周检查验证部长、主任是否完成了审核。

6.2质量部长验证确认质量工程师是否完成了审核 6.3技术部长验证确认技术工程师是否完成了审核 6.4车间主任(生产、检修)验证确认班长是否完成了审核 6.5班长验证操作者是否按指导书要求进行检验并记录 6.6操作者每天按要求对各工位进行审核,并处理和纠正突发的事宜。 7.编制相关检查表: 分层审核检查表由质量部和各相关部门讨论确定,以确保检查表的有效实施。 8.分层审核的基本步骤: 制定分层审核计划,确定待审工位 按照分层审核检查表进行审核检查 审核合格可直接在检查表上签字确认。 发现不符合项,需记录在分层审核问题跟踪表上,并确认责任人和完成日期,尽快执行对策措施。 对于无法立即纠正,或者需要多部门合作的问题,利 用分层审核看板来跟踪解决。

分层审核程序

1.0范围 本管理程序规定了生产现场分层审核的办法,通过分层审核更好地监督过程控制, 使工序处于受控状态,提高产品质量和各级管理人员的工作质量, 以满足顾客的需求。适用于本公司生产的所有产品。 2.0职责 分层审核员: 负责按程序要求, 按分层审核记录表实施分层审核; 相关责任部门: 负责制定反映措施并进行改进. 3.0定义 分层审核:由生产线操作工检查产品及设备,由班组长/工段长及各级经理定期审核质量保证体系的运行,通过控制过程质量来有效保证产品质量. 4.0参考文件 5.0作业指导 5.1 分层审核分为两个层次 5.2 办公室分层审核的实施 5.2.1 质量部委派相关人员在特定班次对某一特定过程或工序进行分层审核; 5.2.2 将分层审核表发至审核员处; 5.2.3 审核员在规定时间内完成此次审核; 5.2.4 采取提问的形式并记录下不合格和需要关注的地方; 5.2.5 完成审核后将审核记录反馈给质量部, 同时将不符合的情况抄送通知相关部 门负责人确认; 5.2.6 如果过程制造不合格产品或有制造不合格产品的潜在风险, 分层审核员可以 跟主管沟通决定是否停止生产; 5.2.7 如果审核员被委派的过程或工序没有在生产: 5.2.7.1 在规定时间内调整审核计划; 5.2.7.2 审核相似过程;

5.2.7.3 只反馈过程没有生产的空白记录将不予接受; 5.2.8 相关部门应在收到不合格通知后制定相应的反应措施, 并整改; 5.2.9 质量部将定期对检查情况和整改情况进行汇总, 并进行汇报; 5.3 现场管理人员分层审核的实施 5.3.1 主管每天/班对负责区域进行审核, 发现问题立即纠正; 5.3.2 对较严重的问题予以记录并填写整改措施; 5.3.3 每周一将上一周的审核记录反馈给质量部; 5.3.4 同5.2.6; 6.0记录 <分层审核记录表> 7.0附录

分层审核管理规定

●分层审核 宁波贝尔达汽车零部件有限公司 分层审核管理规定 (LPA = Layered Process Audit) 编制: 审批: 日期: 受控状态(受控号): 分发:总经理、副总经理、各部门经理、各车间主任 一、关于分层审核(LPA=Layered Process Audit)

1. 分层审核(LPA)的定义 是由公司各级员工定期、频繁地对现有制造过程及其变更进行的一种标准化的系统审核,以确认内部作业标准的执行情况及对相关整改措施的验证,实现较高水平的产品质量一次合格率。 分层过程审核(LPA)基于:多数制造业的产品质量问题是由于过程能力不足或者是未严格遵守过程作业指导所引起的。 分层过程审核(LPA)的实质是以P-D-C-A为导向的工艺过程审核,特别关注现有工艺的执行及针对性的改进措施的验证。 分层过程审核(LPA)是戴姆勒克莱斯勒和通用汽车首次提出并发展起来的过程审核方式,属于汽车行业的客户特殊要求。 2. 分层审核(LPA)的分类 2.1过程控制审核(PCA= Process Control Audits): 针对现有制造过程及其变更,确认现场作业标准执行的符合性。 2.2防错防误验证审核(EMPVA= Error & Mistake Proofing Verification Audits): 针对与过程控制和产品质量控制相关的整改措施的现场验证。 3. 分层审核(LPA)的对象 3.1仅限于按要求需要特别关注的确定的过程和过程步骤。将该审核范围无限扩大至所有过程或过 程步骤是不合适的,因为这将严重影响审核效果并妨碍其深入应用。 3.2 适用于本公司各车间的生产过程。 4. 分层过程审核(LPA)的目的 4.1 确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高制造质量,并通过领导层和操作工之间言传身教的互动来加强彼此间的相互理解认知;使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中。 4.2通过作业准备过程来确保既定标准的正确实施。 4.3通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保高水平的过程控制; 4.4识别持续改进的机会,提供一个有效跟踪的流程。 4.5验证下一层次的分层过程审核是否被稳健地实施。 二、分层审核(LPA)的职责: 1. 由副总经理或总经理助理全面组织,成立各层审核团队并监督其执行效果。 2. 由各级审核组长主导执行。 3. 技术、质量和其他职能部门参与并支持分层审核的执行。

分层审核计划表

分层审核方案欢迎大家评审 过程分层审核(layered process audit)实施方案(试运行) 1 进行分层审核的目的: 1.1 确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高制造质量,并通过领导层和操作工之间言传身 教的互动来加强彼此间的相互理解认知。 1.2 通过言传身教的互动方式,使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9384053.html,, o m# }6 u7 g4 a/ l, _ -质量-spc ,six sigma,ts16949,msa,fmea--(20万质量人注册)7 c/ b+ a4 ^6 y/ p, h: y y; w- l; e( r% k 4 b% m 5 q8 a- g4 t - }* 1.3 通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保高水平的过程控制。 1.4 通过作业准备过程来确保既定标准的正确实施。 1.5 识别持续改进的机会,提供 一个有效跟踪的流程。 1.6 验证下一层次的过程分层审核是否稳健实施。 2 适用范围:**,**、 **。(试行,效果好的话可以扩展产品)。 3 成立分层审核团 队,任命审核组长: a组由管理者代表、生产副总、生产管理处处长组成,生产副总任审核组组长; o1 e+ g3 v; l# ]4 h 六西格玛品质论坛3 h, d8 u& d& x https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9384053.html,4 t# b \. b% z- ]+ ]( s 5 }, e/ u6 m+ x( l + {. g4 `1 k3 f- k, t p0 y& k b组由车间主任、体系工程师组成、质量处处长组成,车间主任任审核组组长; c组由车间班长、质量工程师、工艺员组成,车间班长任审核组组长。 4 职责 4.1 生产管理处组织实施分层过程审核,负责编制“年度过程分层审核计划及跟踪表”、 “管理层(b、c组)月度过程分层审核实施计划”,并下发至各组。每周组织召开一次评估 会议。 4.2 a 组必须每周检查确认b组是否完成了每天的验证,必须每月进行一次分层审核; 4.3 b组必须每天验证确认c组是否完成了审核,每周进行一次过程分层审核; 六西格玛品质论坛) }4 ^+ z5 r: l q 六西格玛品质论坛. f& z6 c3 w0 b! k% x https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9384053.html,6 f* f* v& m# ~ https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9384053.html,- ?, k& ?2 h: n4 h w# p y/ v7 s 4.4 c组按照“月度过程分层审核实施计划及跟踪表”进行审核。 5 审核频次: a 组必须每月进行一次分层审核;b组必须每周进行一次过程分层审核;c组高风险项目 必须最少每班审核一次,一般项目每天审核一次。 6 编制审核检查表: 质量处*负责编制分层审核检查表。“过程分层审核检查表”由3个部分组成: 1)工位 问题,基本的检查项目,适用于所有工位。 2)质量关注点,依据质量反馈、过程知识和问题解决所制定的,针对具体工位的特定检 查内容。 3)生产系统问题,基本的检查项目,适用于所有工位。 必须在“过程分层审核检查表”中注明在过程分层审核过程中进行确认的高风险项目,

LPA 分层审核管理办法

1.目的: 为确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高工作和产品质量,通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保各个管理过程得到有效控制,特制定本管理办法。 2.适用范围: 适用于公司采购、生产计划、质量、物流、制造,检验,设备,人力资源,财务管理等质量管理体系运行的各个过程。 3. 定义: 分层审核:通过对组成生产运作过程各个要素的运行状态的识别,确认其符合性和有效性的程度,以便寻求过程的改进机会,是一种基于全员与的活动。 4. 分层审核层次图以及职责 4.1 第一层次----总经理、副总、总经理助理、管理者代表组成:负责对本公司的宏观运行情况 审核:包括对经营计划的完成情况,质量过程目标达成情况,财务状况(包括质量成本), 销售情况,采购及供应商管理情况,物流运行情况,车间精益生产,安全环境等的审核; 4.2 第二层次----由各部门经理、部长组成:负责对新产品开发、采购、物流、生产、质量、测 量分析、发运、客服等过程进行的详细审核及生产过程中的文件,工艺,及体系文件相关 要求的审核。 4.3 第三层次----由主管、工程师、生产课长、班组长等组成:负责对各部门、车间日常工作、 文件的规范性以及执行情况进行审核。 4.4 第四层次----由各岗位人员对本岗位工作完成情况实施自查自纠。 5. 审核频次

5.1 第一层:每月审核一次; 5.2 第二层:每周审核一次; 5.3 第三层:每周审核两次; 5.4 第四层:每日审核一次。 说明:以上审核频次均指对下一层的审核频次,各岗位不论属于哪一层级人员,均应每日对本岗位工作进行自查自纠。 6. 审核实施内容及流程 6.1 由各部门(车间)对本部门所有岗位进行分析(岗位分析应含盖质量体系的各过程要素)、明 确岗位职责; 6.2 根据各岗位职责编制《分层审核检查表》; 6.3 各岗位每日对照本岗位《分层审核检查表》逐项检查、核对,对未完成和不符合项进行整 改、纠正; 6.4 各层级按《分层审核检查表》要求对下一层级进行检查、审核,对审核发现的问题(不符 合项)记录于《纠正/预防行动计划表》中,督促责任人进行原因分析、落实整改计划及整 改完成时间,跟踪整改进度; 7. 考评与奖惩: 7.1 由于个人原因导致未及时完成或产生不符合项的,在自查自纠过程中实施整改,对未及时完成的工作任务应自行安排时间予以解决,在此过程不计加班费; 7.2 审核发现的问题一旦记录于《纠正/预防行动计划表》中等同于通报批评一次; 7.3 《纠正/预防行动计划表》问题未在规定时间内完成整改的,每项每逾期一天按2分在《月度绩效考核表》中予以扣除; 7.4 对于存在问题,认真对待、积极整改,措施有效者,在《月度绩效考核表》中予以加2分。 7.5 对表现突出,每月审核结果未产生不符合项者,在《月度绩效考核表》中予以加5分。 8、本管理办法由质量部编制,并根据实际情况作更新和修改。 9.相关记录

分层过程审核管理办法

1目的: 本程序规定了进行分层过程审核的方法,通过分层过程审核可以确保过程的稳定性,从而持续升过程质量水平。2适用范围: 适用于由顾客和本公司确定的所有关键部件和过程; 3定义 3.1LPA(Layered Process Audit)):分层过程审核的英文缩写; 3.2分层过程审核:在一个生产场所内,由不同层次的管理人员对产品的生产过程进行的系统审核,是对关键过程特性进行经常的审核以验证过程符合性,以过程为基础进行的,而不是基于零件; 3.3分层过程审核不能替代由内部和外部专业审核员实施的定期质量管理体系审核; 4权责 4.1分层过程审核单位负责: 4.1.1识别应进行LPA的过程或生产区域; 4.1.2确定审核人员和频次; 4.1.3制定分层过程审核标准; 4.1.4实施分层过程审核; 4.1.5不符合项跟踪改善; 4.2审核人员负责对识别出的区域进行审核,审核员包括:部门管理层、品质/生产/工艺涉及主管、产品工程师、现场管理人员及检验员等; 5流程图:略 6程序内容: 6.1识别应进行LPA的过程或生产区域 6.1.1确定LPA分层过程审核区域:根据过程工序、质量指标、客户抱怨、三大文件、特殊特性、审核结果、作业指导书、检验指导书等识别应进行LPA的过程或生产区域 6.1.2识别高风险区域:依所产品生产工艺及制程识别每道工序或每个工位的高风险区域; 6.2确定审核人员和频次:部门主管根据各部门组织架构和职责,确定LPA审核人员: 6.2.1审核员(每个人都可能是审核员)不需要不同管理层对产品特性进行考量;审核频率是依据人员的管理阶层进行的; 6.2.2审核区域要和审核人员的阶层、权限相符,以利于分层过程审核的有效执行,审核员离审核区域的级别越近,其执行审核的频率就越高。如有客户特别要求时,需要依客户的要求执行特殊的审核频率;分层过程审核人员层次/频率定义如下: ●领班:每天对不同的生产过程或区域至少实施一次分层过程审核 ●主任:每周对不同的生产过程或区域至少实施一次分层过程审核 ●部门主管:每月对不同的生产过程或区域至少实施一次分层过程审核 ●实际各制程分层审核时如主管有要求的按主管要求频次执行 6.3制定分层过程审核标准

公司分层审核管理办法-分层审核流程图

1.目的: 1.1在公司内部形成逐级审核的流程制度,以使整个管理系统执行完整、有效、规范的作业 方法,从而较大程度的改善产品质量,满足顾客需求. 2、范围 2.1分层审核涵盖整个工厂的各个区域,包括热前、热后工区;热处理工区;包装工区;外协 库;成品库;计量室;金相室;内检班;热检班;成检班;外检班等. 2.2分层审核由工厂的各级领导层来实施:最基础的分层审核是由班组长或一线操作人员来实 施,其次是各个职能管理人员,工厂的中高级管理者也需进行参与。该程序也适用于由客户或供应商确定的所有关键零部件的制造过程、管理过程。 3、术语和定义 3.1分层审核:分层审核是由各级管理层实施的审核,以确保质量体系要求的符合性。它是一 套持续的制造或管理过程检查系统,用来验证工艺、参数设臵、信息沟通、标准化作业、检测系统、设备维护、防错装臵及其它资源是否正确及适宜,以确保制造过程稳定、受控。 3.2防错:对于潜在可能发生错误操作及导致错误操作的原因,在产品及工艺设计时,通过有效 设计从而实现错误操作不可能发生(例如: 只能使用一种装夹方式,其他错误装夹方式无法装夹). 3.3 防错验证: 检查设备的运作、工装夹具及量检具的使用方式,以防止生产或装配出不合 格产品. 3.4质量警戒:内、外部客户投诉的质量问题或近期制订的8D报告,经班组长对责任人进行质 量教育或质量培训后,以文字描述、实物质量、或图片展的形式,张贴、展示、悬挂在作业现场的一种质量信息沟通方式。 4、职责 4.1分层审核必须由各部门主管进行主导,其它职能人员参与并支持分层审核的实施。一线 员工、各个层次的管理者(包括部门主管、班组长等)必须负责及实施此过程. 4.2主管总监的职责:确保足够的资源,以实施程序里规定的要求. 4.3主管副总裁/最高管理者的职责:确保审核按照既定的程序实施. 5、规定内容 第 1 页共4 页

分层审核管理实施办法

XXXX有限公司质量体系 第三层次文件 XXXX有限公司 分层审核管理实施办法 文件编号:QP/BW804-01 受控编号: 版序:C/0 编制:日期: 审核:日期: 批准:日期: 2013年5月10日发布2013年5月15日执行

一、目的: 使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中,通过言传身教的互动方式,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高产品制造质量;通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保高水平的过程控制;通过作业准备过程来确保既定标准的正确实施并寻求和识别持续改进的机会。 二、适用范围: 适用于以下过程:装配区域、制造工位、发运/收料区、所有操作、其他辅助职能,尤其是关键重要工序工位。 三、定义: 分层审核:通过对组成生产运作过程各个要素的运行状态,是否符合策划的质量计划的检查,确认其符合性和有效性的程度,以便寻求过程的改进机会,是一种基于全员参与的活动,同时也是一种由组织中各级人员按照预先计划的频次定期参与评审并回顾整改为基础的标准化的评审过程,用以确保制造过程受控并加强精益制造理念。 四、成立分层审核团队,任命审核组长: A组由制造总监或者生产管理者代表、调度处长组成,制造总监任审核组组长; B组由车间主任、质管处长或者质检处长、质改工程师或者质检工程师组成,车间主任任审核组组长; C组由车间班长和质检组长、车间质检员和工艺员组成,车间班长任审核组组长。 五、职责: 5.1 质检处负责编制《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》,报质量总监批准后下发至调度处组织实施。 5.2 调度处负责组织实施过程分层审核,将《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》转发至各审核组。每周组织召开一次评估会议。 5.3 A 组必须每周检查确认B组是否完成了每天的验证,必须每月进行一次分层审核。 5.4 B组必须每天验证确认C组是否完成了审核,每周进行一次过程分层审核。 5.5 C组按照《过程分层审核日班检查表》进行审核。 六、审核频次: A 组必须每月进行一次分层审核; B组必须每周进行一次过程分层审核;

分层审核实施管理规定

1 目的 确保公司员工始终严格遵守和执行标准,过程获得有效控制,制造质量得到提升,为生产现场过程控制和日常管理提供一个实质有效的工具,并通过领导层和操作工之间言传身教的互动来加强彼此间的相互理解与认知。 2 适用范围 适用于公司本部和第二工厂所有区域内的分层审核实施工作。 3 定义 3.1 过程分层审核:过程分层审核是由组织的各个级别定期、频繁进行的一种标准化的审核,用来确认组织内操作标准的符合情况,并持续推进组织实现QSB的愿望。 3.2 分层审核层级: 3.2.1 一级分层审核:班组长级分层审核,文件中后续简称一级审核; 3.2.2 二级分层审核:工段长级分层审核,文件中后续简称二级审核; 3.2.3 三级分层审核:值班经理级分层审核,文件中后续简称三级审核; 3.2.4 四级分层审核:经营层级分层审核,文件中后续简称四级审核。 4职责 4.1 质量保证部负责牵头策划和建立分层审核实施流程,并定期监控分层审核实施效果。 4.2 生产条线按分层审核要求、频次实施分层审核,并将分层审核中发现的问题点或建议按流程反馈至质量保证部。 4.3 行政人事部负责组织公司参与分层审核人员的培训工作。 4.4 不符合项整改、跟踪、验证、关闭。 4.4.1生产条线班长、工段长、值班经理负责一、二、三级分层审核中不合符项的责任判定,质量保证部负责四级分层审核中不符合项的责任判定。 4.4.2 质量保证部负责对判定存在异议的不符合项给予最终解释。 4.4.3 责任部门负责不符合项的原因分析,制定整改措施,确定责任人和计划完成时间。

4.4.4 生产条线班长、工段长、值班经理负责一、二、三级分层审核中不符合项的跟踪、验证,确认相应的整改完成佐证后,在分层审核视板和记录表中完成不符合项的关闭,质量保证部负责四级分层审核中不符合项的跟踪、验证及关闭。 4.4.5分层审核中上一层级审核人员负责监督下一层级分层审核问题整改及实施的有效性,质量保证部负责定期监督审核分层审核问题整改及实施的有效性。 4.5 生产条线负责设置本条线分层审核统计人员,负责分层审核记录的收集、汇总、文件归档,并完成分层审核实施情况的分析、上报生产例会。

分层审核管理实施办法

分层审核管理实施办法 This model paper was revised by the Standardization Office on December 10, 2020

XXXX有限公司质量体系 第三层次文件 XXXX有限公司 分层审核管理实施办法 文件编号:QP/BW804-01 受控编号: 版序:C/0 编制:日期: 审核:日期: 批准:日期: 2013年5月10日发布 2013年5月15日执行 一、目的: 使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中,通过言传身教的互动方式,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高产品制造质量;通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保高水平的过程控制;通过作业准备过程来确保既定标准的正确实施并寻求和识别持续改进的机会。 二、适用范围:

适用于以下过程:装配区域、制造工位、发运/收料区、所有操作、其他辅助职能,尤其是关键重要工序工位。 三、定义: 分层审核:通过对组成生产运作过程各个要素的运行状态,是否符合策划的质量计划的检查,确认其符合性和有效性的程度,以便寻求过程的改进机会,是一种基于全员参与的活动,同时也是一种由组织中各级人员按照预先计划的频次定期参与评审并回顾整改为基础的标准化的评审过程,用以确保制造过程受控并加强精益制造理念。 四、成立分层审核团队,任命审核组长: A组由制造总监或者生产管理者代表、调度处长组成,制造总监任审核组组长; B组由车间主任、质管处长或者质检处长、质改工程师或者质检工程师组成,车间主任任审核组组长; C组由车间班长和质检组长、车间质检员和工艺员组成,车间班长任审核组组长。五、职责: 质检处负责编制《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》,报质量总监批准后下发至调度处组织实施。 调度处负责组织实施过程分层审核,将《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》转发至各审核组。每周组织召开一次评估会议。

分层审核细则

上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 轿车车桥配件厂 文件编号:CL/质001-2011 文控编号:001 版本:A/0修改日期:2011318 分层审核细则

1 目的规定工厂实施分层审核的方法和要求,确保符合公司分层审核的要求。 2 适用范围 适用于工厂所有车间、班组。 3 职责: 3.1 质量保证科负责工厂分层审核的实施和管理。 3.2 各车间负责分层审核的具体实施工作。 4 规定 4.1 分层审核包括过程控制审核和防误防错验证审核。过程控制审核主要以车间为主,实施三级分层审核,即车间主任、车间现场工程师、班组。 防误防错验证审核主要以制造工程科为主,车间三级分层审核为辅。 4.2 制定分层审核计划 421各车间组织制定分层审核计划(见D1),质量保证科制定过程 审核计划,制造工程科制定工艺纪律检查计划和防误防错验证审核计划。 4.2.2 各车间的分层审核计划以月或周的周期制定,各车间可根据具体情况以实施作为分层审核计划表,即分层审核实施计划表,周期原则上不能超过一个月,如,审核周期内未能进行审核的产品或工序需在审核周期实施表中说明,同时,需在下一个周期内进行审核。各车间审核周期确认后,原则上不再改变,如需改变需报质量保证科备案。 4.3 审核频次 4.3.1 质保科、制造工程科科长每月一次。

4.3.2 车间主任:每月至少二次。 4.3.3 车间现场工程师:每周至少一次。 4.3.4 班组长:每班一次。 4.3.5 质量保证科: 每月至少一次,以过程审核为主;同时,每月现场分层审核抽查不得少于一次,覆盖工厂各车间。 4.3.6 制造工程科:每月至少一次,以工艺纪律检查为主,包括防错装置的审核,覆盖工厂各车间。 4.3.7 顾客抱怨的信息需分层审核一次。(相关科室和车间共同进行) 4.3.8 5M1E 的变化需分层审核一次;(车间自审为主,车间提出相关科室需配合开展) 4.4 制定分层审核检查表 4.4.1 各车间层次根据产品的特性和要求制定分层审核检查表(见 D2,但不限于),检查表应包括过程控制审核和防误防错验证审核。 4.4.2 分层审核检查表是一份动态文件,可由分层审核各层次人员定期进行更新。 4.4.3 审核检查表包括(不限于)过程的所有要素进行定期地评审,主要以 5M1E为主。 4.5 审核的范围 4.5.1 班组长原则上每周审核的范围必须全覆盖班组所有工序、所有产品。 4.5.2 现场工程师原则上每月审核的范围必须全覆盖管辖的所有工序、所有产品。 4.5.3 车间主任每月审核的范围必须全覆盖车间所有的班组。

分层审核计划表范文

分层审核计划表范文 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 轿车车桥配件厂 文件编号:CL/质 001-xx文控编号:001 版本:A/0 修改日期:xx.3.18 分层审核细则 1 目的 规定工厂实施分层审核的方法和要求,确保符合公司分层审核的要求。 2 适用范围 适用于工厂所有车间、班组。 3 职责: 3.1 质量保证科负责工厂分层审核的实施和管理。

3.2 各车间负责分层审核的具体实施工作。 4 规定 4.1 分层审核包括过程控制审核和防误防错验证审核。 过程控制审核主要以车间为主,实施三级分层审核,即车间主任、车间现场工程师、班组。 防误防错验证审核主要以制造工程科为主,车间三级分层审核为辅。 4.2 制定分层审核计划 4.2.1 各车间组织制定分层审核计划(见D1),质量保证科制定过程审核计划,制造工程科制定工艺纪律检查计划和防误防错验证审核计划。 4.2.2 各车间的分层审核计划以月或周的周期制定,各车间可根据具体情况以实施作为分层审核计划表,即分层审核实施计划表,周期原则上不能超过一个月,如,审核周期内未能进行审核的产品或工

序需在审核周期实施表中说明,同时,需在下一个周期内进行审核。各车间审核周期确认后,原则上不再改变,如需改变需报质量保证科备案。 4.3 审核频次 4.3.1 质保科、制造工程科科长每月一次。 4.3.2 车间主任:每月至少二次。 4.3.3 车间现场工程师:每周至少一次。 4.3.4 班组长:每班一次。 4.3.5 质量保证科:每月至少一次,以过程审核为主;同时,每月现场分层审核抽查不得少于一次,覆盖工厂各车间。 4.3.6 制造工程科:每月至少一次,以工艺纪律检查为主,包括防错装置的审核,覆盖工厂各车间。 4.3.7 顾客抱怨的信息需分层审核一次。(相关科室和车间共同进行)

分层审核制度

XXX有限公司质量管理体系三层次文件版本号x 修改号0 分层审核制度编号xx.x-xx 页码1/4 1 目的 通过公司各层次参加的分层审核,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高制造质量,并通过领导层和操作工之间的言传身教来加强彼此间的相互理解和认知。 2 适用范围 适用于对公司范围内所有已批量生产的产品的分层核。 3 术语定义 分层审核:是由公司的各个级别定期、频繁进行的一种标准化审核,用来确认公司内操作标准的符合情况,并持续推进公司实现QSB的愿景。 4 职责 4.1 公司总经理、运营总监、生产部经理/质量部经理、生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师、班组长等级别人员负按分层审核要求的频次定期对生产现场进行分层审核。 4.2生产部:负责分层审核的具体组织,定期回顾和评估。 4.3质量部:负责制定相关检查表,收集汇总审核结果并在分层审核展示板上展示审核结果。 4.4 其他部门参与并支持分层审核工,对分层审核发的不符合项分析原因,制定纠正措施。 5工作流程及内容 5.1 分层审核的频次 分层审核是通过公司所有层次(班组长-生产主管//工艺工程师/质量工程师-生产部经理/质量部经理、运营总监、公司总经理),利用分层审核检查表执行高频率的审核。其频次如下: 班组长必须(每班)检查确认操作员是否完成了质量文件/ 记录,检查记录由生产主管签字确认 生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师必须(每周)检查确认班组长是否完成了每天的验证,检查记录由生产经理/质量经理/管理者代表/运营总监签字确认。 生产部经理/质量部经理/管理者代表/运营总监必须(每月)检查确认生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师是否完成了每周的验证。 公司领导层不定期进行分层审核。 分层审核 董事长/总经理 不定期 运营总监/管理者代表/生产部经理/质量部经理 每月一次 生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师 每周一次 班组长 每班

分层审核制度

1 目的 通过公司各层次参加的分层审核,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高制造质量,并通过领导层和操作工之间的言传身教来加强彼此间的相互理解和认知。 2 适用范围 适用于对公司范围内所有已批量生产的产品的分层核。 3 术语定义 分层审核:是由公司的各个级别定期、频繁进行的一种标准化审核,用来确认公司内操作标准的符合情况,并持续推进公司实现QSB的愿景。 4 职责 4.1 公司总经理、运营总监、生产部经理/质量部经理、生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师、班组长等级别人员负按分层审核要求的频次定期对生产现场进行分层审核。 4.2生产部:负责分层审核的具体组织,定期回顾和评估。 4.3质量部:负责制定相关检查表,收集汇总审核结果并在分层审核展示板上展示审核结果。 4.4 其他部门参与并支持分层审核工,对分层审核发的不符合项分析原因,制定纠正措施。 5工作流程及内容 5.1 分层审核的频次 分层审核是通过公司所有层次(班组长-生产主管//工艺工程师/质量工程师-生产部经理/质量部经理、运营总监、公司总经理),利用分层审核检查表执行高频率的审核。其频次如下: 班组长必须(每班)检查确认操作员是否完成了质量文件/ 记录,检查记录由生产主管签字确认 生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师必须(每周)检查确认班组长是否完成了每天的验证,检查记录由生产经理/质量经理/管理者代表/运营总监签字确认。 生产部经理/质量部经理/管理者代表/运营总监必须(每月)检查确认生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师是否完成了每周的验证。 公司领导层不定期进行分层审核。 分层审核 董事长/总经理 不定期 运营总监/管理者代表/生产部经理/质量部经理 每月一次 生产主管/工艺工程师/质量工程师 每周一次 班组长 每班 5.2 制定分层审核检查表 5.2.1分层审核应按照“分层审核检查表”的内容进行检查。

分层审核程序

分层审核程序 Layered audit procedure Pag1 of 2 1.0范围 本管理程序规定了生产现场分层审核的办法,通过分层审核更好地监督过程控制, 使工序处于受控状态,提高产品质量和各级管理人员的工作质量, 以满足顾客的需求。适用于本公司生产的所有产品。 2.0职责 分层审核员: 负责按程序要求, 按分层审核记录表实施分层审核; 相关责任部门: 负责制定反映措施并进行改进. 3.0定义 分层审核:由生产线操作工检查产品及设备,由班组长/工段长及各级经理定期审核质量保证体系的运行,通过控制过程质量来有效保证产品质量. 4.0参考文件 5.0作业指导 5.1 分层审核分为两个层次 5.2 办公室分层审核的实施 5.2.1 质量部委派相关人员在特定班次对某一特定过程或工序进行分层审核; 5.2.2 将分层审核表发至审核员处; 5.2.3 审核员在规定时间内完成此次审核; 5.2.4 采取提问的形式并记录下不合格和需要关注的地方; 5.2.5 完成审核后将审核记录反馈给质量部, 同时将不符合的情况抄送通知相关部门 负责人确认; 5.2.6 如果过程制造不合格产品或有制造不合格产品的潜在风险, 分层审核员可以跟 主管沟通决定是否停止生产; 5.2.7 如果审核员被委派的过程或工序没有在生产: 5.2.7.1 在规定时间内调整审核计划; 5.2.7.2 审核相似过程;

分层审核程序 Layered audit procedure Pag2 of 2 5.2.7.3 只反馈过程没有生产的空白记录将不予接受; 5.2.8 相关部门应在收到不合格通知后制定相应的反应措施, 并整改; 5.2.9 质量部将定期对检查情况和整改情况进行汇总, 并进行汇报; 5.3 现场管理人员分层审核的实施 5.3.1 主管每天/班对负责区域进行审核, 发现问题立即纠正; 5.3.2 对较严重的问题予以记录并填写整改措施; 5.3.3 每周一将上一周的审核记录反馈给质量部; 5.3.4 同5.2.6; 6.0记录 <分层审核记录表> 7.0附录

分层审核管理规定

分层审核管理规定 1 2020年4月19日

●分层审核 宁波贝尔达汽车零部件有限公司 分层审核管理规定 (LPA = Layered Process Audit) 编制: 审批: 日期: 受控状态(受控号):

分发:总经理、副总经理、各部门经理、各车间主任 一、关于分层审核(LPA=Layered Process Audit) 1. 分层审核(LPA)的定义 是由公司各级员工定期、频繁地对现有制造过程及其变更进行的一种标准化的系统审核,以确认内部作业标准的执行情况及对相关整改措施的验证,实现较高水平的产品质量一次合格率。 分层过程审核(LPA)基于:多数制造业的产品质量问题是由于过程能力不足或者是未严格遵守过程作业指导所引起的。 分层过程审核(LPA)的实质是以P-D-C-A为导向的工艺过程审核,特别关注现有工艺的执行及针对性的改进措施的验证。 分层过程审核(LPA)是戴姆勒克莱斯勒和通用汽车首次提出并发展起来的过程审核方式,属于汽车行业的客户特殊要求。 2. 分层审核(LPA)的分类 2.1过程控制审核(PCA= Process Control Audits): 针对现有制造过程及其变更,确认现场作业标准执行的符合性。 2.2防错防误验证审核(EMPVA= Error & Mistake Proofing Verification Audits): 针对与过程控制和产品质量控制相关的整改措施的现场验证。 3. 分层审核(LPA)的对象 3.1仅限于按要求需要特别关注的确定的过程和过程步骤。将该审核范围无限 扩大至所有过程或过程步骤是不合适的,因为这将严重影响审核效果并妨碍其深入应用。 3.2 适用于本公司各车间的生产过程。 4. 分层过程审核(LPA)的目的

分层审核管理规定

1. 目的 在生产制造系统内部形成逐级审核的流程制度,明确有效的工艺纪律并得到确认审核,从而提高过程稳定性和一次合格率。 2. 范围 2.1 公司XXX车间、XXX车间、仓库。 2.2 返修返工场地。 2.3 所有生产和其他相关支持区域。 3. 职责 3.1 生产部负责分层审核管理和制定分层审核内容及审核计划。 3.2 工段长、质量工程师、仓库主管、车间主任、技术部经理、质量部经理、工厂经理为分层审 核的审核员。 3.3 质量部负责确定防错、遏制审核项目。 3.4 技术部负责确定高风险审核项目。 3.5 技术部、质量部负责更新项目及时反馈给生产部.。 3.6 生产部负责将分层审核中发现的问题提报公司快速反应会。 4. 工作要求 4.1 制定计划 ●确定分层过程审核架构、实施审核。 ●为每个层次确定所需审核的审核频次。 ●建立监控过程。 4.2 制定分层审核检查表 ●根据不同制造区域的相关要求制作相对应的分层审核检查表。 ●确保操作工遵守安全操作规定和佩带个人防护装置。 ●严格执行标准化作业流程和遵守质量标准。 ●使用正确的工装、检具和物料。 ●确保物料先进先出、最高最低库存。 ●验证全面预防性维护保养检查。 ●确保工作现场管理和可视化管理标准。 (作业指导书、产品的标识、零件放置、容器使用、现场记录、5S等)。 ●过程控制计划实施的有效性。 ●必须完成的检查项目。 ●质量部的检验。 ●防错验证、遏制措施。 ●客户抱怨。 4. 3 分层审核管理架构 ●作业现场工段长/主管。 ●车间主任/仓库主管/质量工程师。

●生产、技术、质量部门经理及公司级领导 4.4 分层审核的频次、审核内容 ●覆盖所有生产班次(每个工位一个月至少安排一次审核) ●作业现场工段长/主管审核周期:每班每天一次,审核内容:见分层过程审核表,带△标 记项。 ●质量工程师审核周期:每班每周一次,审核内容:见分层过程审核表(a),带◇标记项。 ●车间主任/仓库主管审核周期:每班每周一次,审核内容:见管理层级分层过程审核表, 带□标记项。 ●生产、技术、质量部经理每两周一次,审核内容:见管理层级分层过程审核表,带○标 记项。 ●公司级领导审核周期:每月一次,审核内容见管理层级分层过程审核表,带☆标记项 ●总裁审核/评估周期:每季一次。 4.5 实施 ●防错、高风险和顾客关注等项目及时更新。 4.6 记录和反馈 ●分层审核结果和行动公示于看板。 ●分层审核结果以图表的形式统计出来。 ●不合格情况应立即汇报,并记录纠正措。 ●分层审核不合格项在快速反应会议提报,并跟踪未关闭的问题。 ●根据审核结果,建立高风险项目(如:客户抱怨、突发制造缺陷等)。 ●各级审核结果应最终进行整理,报生产部汇总后每季入公司经验教训数据库。 5.相关文件 经验教训总结作业指导书 6.相关记录 6.1 领导人员过程分层审核计划和状态表 QGR07-05-05-01 6.2 生产车间过程分层审核表 QGR07-05-05-02P 6.3 质量工程师过程分层审核表 QGR07-05-05-02Q 6.4 仓库过程分层审核表 QGR07-05-05-02W 6.5 领导层过程分层审核表 QGR07-05-05-02L 6.6 过程分层审核问题对策表 QGR07-05-05-03 6.7 过程分层审核统计表 QGR07-05-05-04

分层审核管理实施办法

XXXX有限公司质量体系第三层次文件 XXXX有限公司 分层审核管理实施办法 文件编号:QP/BW804-01 受控编号: 版序:C/0 编制:日期: 审核:日期: 批准:日期:

2013年5月10日发布2013年5月15日执行 一、目的: 使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中,通过言传身教的互动方式,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高产品制造质量;通过识别和控制高风险/重要的过程要素,确保高水平的过程控制;通过作业准备过程来确保既定标准的正确实施并寻求和识别持续改进的机会。 二、适用范围: 适用于以下过程:装配区域、制造工位、发运/收料区、所有操作、其他辅助职能,尤其是关键重要工序工位。 三、定义: 分层审核:通过对组成生产运作过程各个要素的运行状态,是否符合策划的质量计划的检查,确认其符合性和有效性的程度,以便寻求过程的改进机会,是一种基于全员参与的活动,同时也是一种由组织中各级人员按照预先计划的频次定期参与评审并回顾整改为基础的标准化的评审过程,用以确保制造过程受控并加强精益制造理念。 四、成立分层审核团队,任命审核组长: A组由制造总监或者生产管理者代表、调度处长组成,制造总监任审核组组长; B组由车间主任、质管处长或者质检处长、质改工程师或者质检工程师组成,车间主任任审核组组长; C组由车间班长和质检组长、车间质检员和工艺员组成,车间班长任审核组组长。 五、职责: 5.1 质检处负责编制《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》,报质量总监批准后下发至调度处组织实施。 5.2 调度处负责组织实施过程分层审核,将《过程分层审核计划》和《过程分层审核检查表》转发至各审核组。每周组织召开一次评估会议。

分层审核实施办法

(试运行) 一、目的: 使各级管理者都参与到支持操作工的活动中,通过言传身教的互动方式,确保始终严格遵守和执行标准,提高制造质量,并提供一个有效跟踪的流程,识别持续改进的机会。 二、适用范围: 适用于以下过程:车加工、钳加工、磨加工、热处理、表面处理(含喷漆)、焊接。 三、审核团队: 审核组长:管理者代表 团队成员:总经理、总工程师、副总经理、各部门经理/部长、各科室主任/科长、班组长、各专业工程师。 四、分层与频次: 1、第一层审核由班组长与车间主任进行,班组长对所辖过程每班一次进行审核;车间主任每周一次对所辖过程进行轮流审核; 2、第二层审核由部门经理/部长、专业工程师进行,部门经理/部长每月一轮回,审核所有过程;专业工程师对所辖过程每月一次进行审核; 3、第三层审核由副总级领导每季度一轮回,总经理每半年一轮回,审核所有过程。 五、审核计划: 质保部按以上要求编制《分层审核计划表》,报管理者代表批准后下发至各部门及审核员组织实施。 六、编制审核检查表: 1、质保部负责编制分层审核检查表,发给各审核员执行审核。分层审核检查表至少应考虑以下这些方面的问题: 1)作业指导书 2)过程参数 3)目视辅助工具是否在现场,内容是否正确 4)产品标识 5)工艺执行 6)量具的功能和校验的确认 7)自检执行

8)文件/记录的完整性(包括适当的质量文件) 9)不合格品处理 10)员工资格 11)安全防护 12)堆放/防护要求 13)顾客反馈 2、各过程的检查表应视实际情况适时进行更新,更新后需重新发布。 七、审核实施 1、制造部对第一层审核的计划实施情况进行跟踪检查,第一层审核记录每周上交制造部,由制造部进行汇总,每周组织各班组召开总结分析会,制定纠正措施,推动改进; 2、质保部对第二层审核的计划实施情况进行跟踪检查; 3、管代对第三层审核的计划实施情况进行跟踪检查; 4、第二、三层审核记录交到质保部,由质保部每月汇总审核中发现的问题,组织相关部门进行纠错与改进。 八、改进与跟踪 1、审核中发现的一般性问题,各汇总部门/人员,应形成分层审核对策措施表,明确问题、责任人、完成时间,张贴在班组看板上,并跟踪至问题关闭;责任人应制定纠正措施,负责关闭问题;只有跟踪人在对策措施表相应栏目进行签字确认后,该问题才算有效关闭。 2、审核中发现的不能立即解决的比较严重的或系统性问题,应形成改进项目,成立项目组以推动改进。 3、审核组每月召开一次会议,总结审核计划的执行完成情况、取得的效果、存在的不足,以及审核中发现的主要问题,这些问题的关闭与改进情况等。会议记录做为分层审核的月度总结报告。 九、相关记录 1、分层审核计划表 2、分层审核检查表 3、月度总结报告 4、纠正与改进记录 编制:审核:批准:

LPA分层审核管理制度

3、实习版主工作一个月后符合要求,转为正式版主,拥有版面管理权限,享有版主工资奖励; 4、优秀正式版主有机会晋升为核心版主或核心版主助理; 5、管理有一票否决权; LOL论坛版主由QQ游戏论坛LOL管理员负责管理,所有版主必须无条件接受本工作条例。 二、【版主守则】 1、态度明确,尊重其他版主,服从上级安排,热爱LOL,以共同打造最火爆的LOL为目的。 2 LPA 分 层 审 核 管 理 制 度

3、实习版主工作一个月后符合要求,转为正式版主,拥有版面管理权限,享有版主工资奖励; 4、优秀正式版主有机会晋升为核心版主或核心版主助理; 5、管理有一票否决权; LOL论坛版主由QQ游戏论坛LOL管理员负责管理,所有版主必须无条件接受本工作条例。 二、【版主守则】 1、态度明确,尊重其他版主,服从上级安排,热爱LOL,以共同打造最火爆的LOL为目的。 2 编制:品管部审核:审批: 编制时间:2012年8月24日生效时间:2012年9月1日 1、目的 通过分层审核的实施,让公司各层次对生产制造过程进行关注和监控,保证始终严格遵守和执行标准,确保过程能力达到既定目标。 2、适用范围 适用于顾客和本公司确定的所有关键部件和过程。 3、定义

3、实习版主工作一个月后符合要求,转为正式版主,拥有版面管理权限,享有版主工资奖励; 4、优秀正式版主有机会晋升为核心版主或核心版主助理; 5、管理有一票否决权; LOL论坛版主由QQ游戏论坛LOL管理员负责管理,所有版主必须无条件接受本工作条例。 二、【版主守则】 1、态度明确,尊重其他版主,服从上级安排,热爱LOL,以共同打造最火爆的LOL为目的。 2 3.1 过程监控:当没有达到既定的目标时,须采取适当的纠正措施来确保产品的符合性。 3.2 分层过程审核:分层过程审核是由多个管理层进行的标准化的审核,对关键过程特性进行经常的审核,以验证组织内部操作标准的符合情况。是以过程为基础进行的,而不是基于零件。 4、职责 4.1 本流程由生产部门归口管理、实施、监控,并负责小组对《分层审核检查表》中的项目进行审核。 4.2 各部门按照要求进行LPA审核,并将发现的问题点进行汇总,由品管部对各工序的改善情况进行追踪。 4.3 审核频次:执行总监每季度一次,部门经理每月一次,车间主任(或工程师)每周一次,班组长每天一次. 5、程序 5.1确定审核频次; 5.2制定审核计划;

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