六级真题阅读

Is language, like food, like food, a basic human need withoutwhich a child at a critica l period of life can be starved anddamaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of F rederick I inthe thirteenth century, it may be hoping to discover whatlanguage a chil

d would speak if h

e heard no mother tongue, hetold the nurses to keep silent.

All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of lang uage here.What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the fi rst year of life especially,the capacity to survive is seriously affected.

Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some c hildren are stillbackward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mothe r is insensitive to the signalsof the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn langu age rapidly. If these sensitive periods areneglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.A bird learns to sing and to fl y rapidly at right time, but the process is slow and hard once thecritical stage has pa ssed.

Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constan t age, butthere are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually tur ns out to be of high IQ.At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes bowel –

like sounds; at twelve months he can speaksimple words and understand simple co mmands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of threeto fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at fourhis language differs from that of his parents in born with the capacity to speak. What is specialabo ut man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which ena bles achild to commect the sight and feel of, say, a toy –

bear with the sound pattern “toy–

bear”. Andeven more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in la nguage from the mixtureof sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.

But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother a nd the child,where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling, grasping and smiling, and respondsto them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child getsdiscouraged and sends out only the obvious sig nals,. Sensitivity to the child’s non –

verbal signalsis essential to the growth and development of language.

1. The purpose of Frederick I’s experiment was ____.

A. to prove that children are born with ability to speak

B. to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speak

C. to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak

D. to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language

2. The reason that some children are backward in speaking is most likely that ____.

A. they are incapable of learning language rapidly

B. they are exposed to too much language at once

C. their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak

D. their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them

3. What is particularly remarkable about a child is that ____.

A. he is born with the capacity to speak

B. he has a brain more complex than an animal’s

C. he can produce his own sentences

D. he owes his speech ability to good nursing

4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The faculty of speech is inborn in man.

B. The child’s brain is highly selective.

C. Most children learn their language in definite stages.

D. All the above

5. If a child starts to speak later than others, he will ____in future.

A. have a high IQ

B. be less intelligent

C. be insensitive to verbal signals

D. not necessarily be backward

参考答案：BCCDD

Hong Kong, major commercial center for Asia, and with apopulation which has grow n at an alarming rate to over 5million, is a city highly dependent on mass transit of al l sorts,both local and long distance. The average Hong Kong worker orbusinessman, going about his daily activities, simply must usepublic transportation at one time or a nother.

Because Hong Kong is in two parts, Kowloon, on the mainlandside, and Hong Kong, t he island, with Hong Kong’s harbor in between, Hong Kong’s mass transitsystems, in addition to going over land must also cross water.

Going from home to work, or going shopping from one side of the harbor to the othe r, the HongKong resident has three choices. One way is to take a bus, which will cros s the harbor through anunderwater traffic tunnel moving slowly through bumper-to-bumper traffic. Another way is byferryboat, a pleasant ride which crosses the harbor in from seven to fifteen minutes.

But by far the fastest way of crossing the harbor is the newly built underground elect ric railway,the Hong Kong Metro. If one boards the train in the Central District, the c ommercial area of HongKong on the island side, he can speed across the harbor in a n astonishing three minutes. On theother side of the harbor the railway continues, sn aking back and forth through the outlyingdistricts of Kowloon, allowing one to get off a short distance from his destination.

The story of the Metro is an encouraging one for supporters of mass transit. Althoug h building thesystem was certainly a challenging task, the Japanese firm hired to con struct it did so in recordtime. Construction got underway in 1979 and it was complete d in 1980.

For the average commuter the system has only one disadvantages: it is more expens ive than bybus or ferry. One can ride the bus across the harbor for half as much, or he can ride the ferryacross for less than one-fifth as much.

1. Hong Kong ___.

A. can do without mass transit.

B. finds public transportation too expensive.

C. needs public transportation.

D. has an insufficient mass transit system.

2. Hong Kong Public transportation extends ___.

A. over hills and valleys.

B. across land and water.

C. through mountains.

D. throughout the Kowloon area.

3. The traffic in the underwater traffic tunnel is ___.

A. heavy

B. light

C. fast

D. dangerous

4. Crossing the harbor by train is ___.

A. by far the most economical method.

B. the most pleasant method.

C. the least pleasant method.

D. the fastest method.

5. The business area on the island side of Hong Kong is referred to be as ___.

A. Kowloon

B. the Central District

C. the Hong Kong Metro

D. the Hong Kong’s harbor.

参考答案：CBADB

Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is anancient institution, which has existed for at least six thousandyears. It was always bad and usually foolis h, but in the pasthuman race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity haschanged this. Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man.For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the mostserious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapon s may,before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our workwill not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, weneed to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests offorce, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by arbitrationin accordance with agreed pr inciples of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but thisis what must be attempted.

There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war . I believethis to be a big error. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements th at are, at best, doubtful,and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them s o fanatically that they are willing to goto war in support of them.

The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we canwelcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoide

d. Of course very difficultproblems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they ar

e being approached is a better onethan it was some years ago. It has begun to be th ought, even by the powerful men who decidewhether we shall live or die, that negoti ations should reach agreements even i

f both sides do notfind these agreements whol ly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the importantconflict nowadays is

not between different countries, but between man and the atom bomb.

1. This passage implies that war is now ___.

A. worse than in the past.

B. as bad as in the past

C. not so dangerous as in the past

D. as necessary as in the past

2. In the sentence “To do this, we need to persuade mankind” (Para 1),

“this” refers to ___.

A. abolish war

B. improve weapons

C. solve international problems

D. live a peaceful life

3. From Paragraph 2 we learn that the author of the passage ___.

A. is an adherent of some modern ideologies.

B. does not think that adoption of any ideology could prevent war.

C. believe that the adoption of some ideology could prevent war.

D. does not doubt the truth of any ideologies.

4. According to the author, ___.

A. war is the only way to solve international disputes.

B. war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons.

C. it is impossible for the people to live without war.

D. war must be abolished if man wants to survive.

5. The last paragraph suggests that ___.

A. international agreements can be reached more easily now.

B. man begins to realize the danger of nuclear war.

C. nuclear war will definitely not take place.

D. world opinion welcomes nuclear war

答案：AABDB

In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprisesdirected by a bureaucrati c(官僚主义的) management in whichman becomes a small, well-

oiled cog in the machinery. The oilingis done with higher wages, Nell-

ventilated factories and pipedmusic, and by psychologists and “human–relations” experts;yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has becomepow erless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and thewhite-

collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.

The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job;they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfa ction of interesting life.They live an die without ever having confronted the fundame ntal realities of human existence asemotionally and intellectually independent and pr oductive human beings.

Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empt y than thoseof their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. Th

ey are in a highlycompetitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter o f salary but even more amatter of self-

respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on the y are testedagain and again –

by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors,who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to pro ve thatone is as good as or better than one’s fellow –

competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, thevery causes of unhappiness and i llness.

Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-

century “free enterprise “capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by retu rning to astage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social s ystem form abureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production an d consumption are ends inthemselves into a humanist industrialism in which man an d full development of his potentialities –those of all love and of reason –

are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumptionshould serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.

1. By “a well-

oiled cog in the machinery “the author intends to deliver the idea that man is ____.

A. a necessary part of the society though each individual’s function is negligible

B. working in complete harmony with the rest of the society

C. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society

D. a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly

2. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ____.

A. they are likely to lose their hobs

B. they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life

C. they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence

D. they are deprived of their individuality and independence

3. From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those __ ___.

A. who are at the bottom of the society

B. who are higher up in their social status

C. who prove better than their fellow – competitors

D. who could dip far away from this competitive world

4. To solve the present social problems the author puts forward a suggestion that we should______.

A. resort to the production mode of our ancestors

B. offer higher wages to the workers and employees

C. enable man to fully develop his potentialities

D. take the fundamental realities for granted

5. The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of _ _____.

A. approval

B. dissatisfaction

C. suspicion

D. susceptibility

答案：CDDCB

The government-

run command post in Tunis is staffed aroundthe clock by military personnel, meteoro logists and civilians. Onthe wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows th atpainstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.

What kind of invader gives rise to such high-

level monitoring?Not man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust（蝗

虫）. Inrecent months, billions of the 3-inch-

long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya,Morocco and Tunisia, blacken ing the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion,the worst in 30 y ears, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treatingsout hern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weathermoistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust, which laysits eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create y et another African famine. Eachlocust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an oun ce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-

sizeswarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a sin gle night.

All ﹩

150 million may be needed this year. The U. S. has provided two spraying planes an

d about50,000 gal. of pesticide. Th

e European Community has donated ﹩

3.8 million in aid and the SovietUnion, Canada, Japan and China have provided chem ical-

spraying aircraft to help wipe out thepests. But relief efforts are hampered by the rel ative mildness of approved pesticides, which quicklylose their deadly punch and requi re frequent replications. The most effective locust killer Dieldrinhas been linked to ca ncer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affectedAfrican nati ons. More then 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-

killing chemicals; another 5million will be treated by the end of June.

On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will m eet in Algiers todiscuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an imp ortant step, but whateverplan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse be fore the insects can be brought undercontrol.

1. The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that ___.

A. the command post is stationed with people all the time.

B. the command post is crowed with people all the time.

C. there are clocks around the command post.

D. the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.

2. The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ___.

A. rich soil.

B. wet land

C. paces covered crops and vegetation

D. the Red Sea

3. People are alert at the threat of the locust because ___.

A. the insects are likely to create another African famine.

B. the insects may blacked the sky.

C. the number of the insects increases drastically.

D. the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.

4. Which of the following is true?

A. Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.

B. Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pesticides.

C. Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in many countri es.

D. Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-

killing chemicals by theend of June.

5. The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ___.

A. to devise antilocust plans.

B. to wipe out the swarms in two years.

C. to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.

D. to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.

参考答案：BBADA

6、The American economic system is organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market-

oriented economy in whichconsumers largely determine what shall be produced bysp ending their money in the marketplace for those goods andservices that they want m ost. Private businessmen, striving tomake profits, produce these goods and services i n competitionwith other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating undercompeti tive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, inthe American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire ofbusinessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to ma ximize their incomes, whichtogether determine what shall be produced and how reso urces are used to produce it.

An important factor in a market-

oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demandscan be expressed a nd responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism isprovided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative dem andsof consumers and supplies offered by seller-

producers. If the product is in short supply relative tothe demand, the price will be bi d up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, onthe other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend toincrease t he supply offered by seller-

producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit moreconsumers to buy the p roduct. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the America economicsystem. The important factor in a private-

enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to ownproductive resources (privat e property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control overnatural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy,the co ncept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources b ut alsocertain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to mak

e a free contractwith another private individual.

1. In Para. 1, “the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means ___.

A. Americans never feel satisfied with their incomes.

B. Americans tend to overstate the amount of their incomes.

C. Americans want to have their incomes increased.

D. Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.

2. The first two sentences in the second paragraph clarity the idea to us that ___.

A. producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production.

B. consumers can express their demands through producers.

C. producers decide the prices of products.

D. supply and demand regulate prices.

3. The word “embraces” in Para. 3 probably parallels ___.

A. enfold

B. hug

C. comprehend

D. support

4. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ___.

A. private property and rights concerned.

B. manpower and natural resources control.

C. ownership of productive resources

D. free contracts and prices.

5. The passage is mainly talking about ___.

A. how American goods are produced.

B. how American consumers buy their goods.

C. how American economic system works.

D. how American businessman make their profits.

参考答案：DDCAC

2019年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案：Passage One答案及解析

2019年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案：Passage One答案及解析 Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”, and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the fut ure of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilization and our species.” Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.” While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge,” he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new

英语六级阅读真题

英语六级阅读真题 1.1990年 A．Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”. Labour?s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards. To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time. 21. Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it does not doubt that ________. A) automation will eventually prevent unemployment B) automation will help workers acquire new skills C) automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that the employers D) automation is a trend which cannot be stopped 22. The idea of the “improvement factor” (Line 6, Para. 3) probably implies that ________. A) wages should be paid on the basis of length of service B) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workers C) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promoted

大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit10(A)

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2812235703.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） Unit 10 Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment. It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may be the victims of uncommonly bad luck. For example, a certain keypunch (键盘打孔) operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch were for dishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off (向……透露) the company that was being robbed. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (耍弄) the most confidential records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants,

2010年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案

2010年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 以下是新东方在线为同学们整理的2010年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案，供各位考生参考。 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Question: My ninth-grade art teacher doesn't give any grade above 94% because, she says, "There's always room for improvement." In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%. The 94 I received this term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her "improvement" theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. Is her grading philosophy ethical (符合职业道德规范的)?

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