初中英语语法不定代词讲解及习题

不定代词

一、不定代词概述定义

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词some 类something, somebody, someone any 类no 类every 类常见不定代词其他

all, each, both, none, one, much, many, (a)few, (a)little, either, neither, other, another 不

定

代

词充当

成分作主语、宾语、表语、定语等

二、常见不定代词的基本用法

1、some 和any: 都是“一些”的意思，都可与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。

(1)some 一般用于肯定句中，any 一般用于否定句或疑问句中。

Eg. ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

(2)在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，应该用some 而不用any 。

Eg. Would you please give me some paper?

___________________________________________________________

(3)当any 表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时，可以用于肯定句，此时any 要重读。

Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you.

___________________________________________________________

2、表示数量的不定代词

(1)many______, few_______, a few_______, 用以代替或修饰可数名词。

(2)much______, little_______, a little________,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。

(3) _______和_______表示肯定意义，_______和_______表示否定意义。

(4)a lot of 和plenty of 等短语既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。

3、表示两者和三者的不定代词

(1)表示两者: both, either, neither (2)表示三者: all, any, none, every

(3)表示肯定：both, all (4)表示否定：none, neither

练一练：用以上不定代词填空。

我的父母都是医生。__________________________________

街道的两边都种了树。There are trees on ______ sides of the street.

= There are trees on ______ side of the street.

他有两个儿子，都不富有。He has two sons. ______ of them is rich.

他有三个儿子，都不富有。He has three sons. ______ of them is rich.

三、复合不定代词的用法

(1)复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。

(2)somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody, anyone 一般用于疑问句和否定句中。

(3)如果要在疑问句中表示请求、建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复时，用

somebody, someone 或something。

(4) 修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式应放在它们的后面。

Eg. He has nothing much to do today.他今天没有多少事情做。

Lucy hasn’t anything important to do. 露西没有任何重要时做。

四、疑难拓展

1、few/a few/little/a little

(1)后接名词的不同。_______和_______后接可数名词复数，_______和_______后接不可数名词。

Eg. There are _______ new words in the text. 课文中有一些新单词。

Can you speak _______ English? 你能说一点英语吗？

(2)表示肯定意义和否定意义的区别。_______和________ 表示肯定，______和_______表示否定。

Eg. I have ________ friends there. I often play with them.

There is _______ meat at home. Let’s buy some.

2、other/others/the other/another

(1)other表示“另一个”的意思，在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用，通常修

饰可数名词复数。

(2)others可独立使用，无范围限定。

(3)other和others前面加定冠词the 时表示特指，不加the 表示泛指。The other表示

两个中的另一个，常用于句型”one…the other…”，the others 表示全部其余的人或物。

Eg. I have two brothers. ____ is a doctor; ________ is a teacher.

He is always ready to help _______.

Five of them are in the classroom. What about _______?

(4)another(另外一个，又一个)，只能代替或修饰单数名词，可用作主语、宾语或定

语，不独立使用。前面不加冠词。

Eg. Don’t lose heart. Have another try.

(5)Another 后可以跟few 或带数字的复数名词。

Eg. Just think what our town will be like in another few years.

You’d better stay in bed for another two weeks.

3、部分否定及完全否定

Not与不定代词all, both, every等表示全部意义的词连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，则需要换用none, neither, no 等。

练一练：翻译下列句子。

All of the students like the novel.___________________________________

Not all of the students like the novel. ___________________________________

All of the students don’t like the novel.__________________________________

None of the students like the novel. ___________________________________

4、all, both, each等用作同位语

若用作主语同位语，主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语，则宾语等成分必须是人称代词，而不能时名词。

Eg. We all have read it.(all修饰的主语是代词)

The village all have been destroyed.(all修饰的主语是名词)

They told us all to wait here.(all 修饰的宾语是代词)

5、one 和it 的区别使用

(1)it 指代前面的某物。

Eg. Where is my pen? I can’t find it.(it 指代前面提到的那支笔)

(2)one可以指人，也可以指物。用来代替上文中提到的单数可数名词以及避免重复，

其复数形式为ones。

Eg. Your pen is so nice. I want to buy one like this.

课堂演练

一、单选。

1.The two fishermen saw_______ in the sky while they were fishing by a river.

A. something strange

B. anything strange

C. strange something

D. strange anything

2. --- Is ____ here? ---No. Bob and Tim have asked for leave.

A. anybody

B. somebody

C. everybody

D. nobody

3.---Do you want tea or coffee? ---______.I really don't mind

A. Both

B. None

C. Either

D. Neither

4. The old man has two sons .One is a soldier, _______ is a worker.

A. other

B. the other

C. others

D. another

5. There are shops on _____ side of the street.________ of them do not close till 12 at night.

A. both; All

B. every; None

C. either; Some

D. other; Many

6. There is not ___ meat in my bowl. There is ____ chicken in it.

A. some; any

B. any; some

C. any; any

D. some; some

7. Could you do___for me, please?

A. everything

B. nothing

C. something

D. anything

8. Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know____ about the subject.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

D. a few

9. ---Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?

----____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.

A. None

B. Neither

C. Both

D. Either

10. Tom shook his head and said to us there was _____ in the classroom.

A. anybody

B. nobody

C. somebody

D. everybody

11. Could I have _____ bottle of apple juice, please?

A. another

B. other

C. some more

D. second

12. There are 25 techers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and ______ are men

teachers.

A. the other

B. the others

C. others

D. other

13. They were all tired, but _____of them took a rest.

A. none

B. all

C. both

D.either

14. ---We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like?

--- I’m afraid ____. I think blue will be OK.

A. both

B. either

C. neither

D. none

15. ---Can I come this afternoon o tomorrow morning?

---_____ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None

二、按要求完成句子。

1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports.（改为否定句）

______ Tom _____ Tim ______ good at sports.

2. I can’t speak much English.（同义句转化）I _____ speak _____ English.

3. There is something wrong with his eyes.（改为一般疑问句）

______ ______ _______ wrong with his eyes?

4. This answer is right. That answer is also right（同义句转化）

______ this answer ______ that one are right.

5. They haven’t visited the village. She hasn’t visited the village either.（连成一句）

___________________________________________

三、下列句子中各有一处错误，请找出并改正。

1.It is very difficult, and a few people understand it. ______________

2.Too many work has to be done. ______________

3.Why not buy any bread? ______________

4.Anyone know how to do it. ______________

5.There is not nothing wrong with the radio. ______________

家庭作业

一、单选。

1.The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only ansewered ______ of them.

A.some

B. lots

C. each

D. few

2. ---I need something for cutting the paper. ---Oh, you want a knife? OK, I’ll get ___ for you.

A. it

B.that

C. this

D.one

3.Two places of inteerest in Beijing are well known to people from home and abroad. One is the Great Wall, and _____ is the Summer Palace.

A. the other

B. another

C. other

D. others

4. ---Would you like _____ to drink? ---Yes. I’d like a cup of coffee.

A. something else

B. else something

C. anything else

D. else anything

5. Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but ______ can destroy the love in our people.

A. something

B. everything

C. anything

D. nothing

二、改错。

1. All of my parents are doctors.___________

2. There are many trees on both side of the road. ___________

3. He has three sons, but neither of them lives there. ___________

4. All of the storybooks is interesting. ___________

5. I have important something to tell you. ___________

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复数they them their theirs themselve s 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义 人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：Tom is a boy, and he（代指第三人称单数Tom）is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she（代指第三人称单数Mary）likes singing. The boys are students, and they（代指第三人称复数数The boys）are in the room. The dog is small. It（代之第三人称单数The dog）is Tom's. 2）人称代词的句法功能 A)人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语和表语，宾格用作宾语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher. (主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? B) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。 如：I saw him at the party(动词see的宾语). I haven't seen them recently. (动词see的宾语) I bought a book for them.(作介词for的宾语) =I bought them a book.(作介词buy的间接宾语)

初中英语语法专项代词讲解及习题代词

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初中英语语法练习题练习及答案

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初中英语语法知识—代词的专项训练及答案

一、选择题 1．Some people are interested in _______women’s sense of smell is better developed than _____of men. A．which; that B．what; one C．which; one D．whether; that 2．I ate ______ at lunch because the food was terrible. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 3．一I like the story of The Maze Runner better than of Tire Hunger Came. 一I agree. The fights are more exciting than in The Hunger Game. A．that; those B．those; those C．that; that D．those; that 4．—Did you buy a large house? —No, not really, at least not as large as ______. A．yours B．your C．you 5．Success comes from hard work. Lazy people can achieve . A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 6．Helen has got two brothers. _____ of them likes chocolate, but she loves it. A．Neither B．None C．Each D．Any 7．---Can you tell me how to have a good relationship with parents? ---Certainly. If you often talk about your ideas with them, they will talk about with you, too. A．their B．them C．theirs 8．I’m surprised at the new look of hometown. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 9．The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that _____ are bigger. A．we B．ours C．our D．us 10．My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 11．--- Whose book is this, Jack? -- Oh, it’s ______. I am looking for it everywhere. A．me B．my C．mine D．I’m 12．I think ______ important to prepare more food for tomorrow’s party. A．that B．it C．this D．us 13．—I can’t believe Jim got first in the competition. — As you know, God helps those who help ______. A．yourself B．himself C．yourselves D．themselves 14．My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet at the airport. A．her B．you C．him D．them 15．—Which book would you like to borrow? —________ of the two books is OK with me. A．Either B．Both

初中英语语法之指示代词的分类

指示代词的分类 指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如： 单数复数 限定词：This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代词：This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 编辑本段指示代词的句法功能 指示代词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。 1、作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 2、作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个多于那个。 3、作介词宾语 I don't say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 4、作表语

My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 5、作定语 This room is mine. 这间房间是我的。 编辑本段指示代词的用法 1、this和these指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物，that和those指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。例如： This is a pen and that’s an eraser. 这是一支笔，那是块橡 皮擦。 This is a boy and those are girls. 这是个男孩，那些是女孩。 2、指示代词所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。如： I liked this movie today better than that concert last night. 我喜欢今天的这个电影，胜过昨晚的那个音乐会。 3、指示代词具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人也可指物。但是在相 当于名词时一般指物多于指人。如： I found this wallet. I found this. 我找到了这只皮夹子。我找到了这个。（this 等于 this wallet) Is she going to marry that man?

初中英语语法专项代词练习(含答案)

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(完整版)1初中英语语法练习题及答案

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不定代词讲解初中英语语法

不定代词讲解与习题. 不定代词讲解与习题 . 不定代词用法注意点： 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。 a. one作为代词可以指人，也可以指物。 b. one，ones (one的复数形式) 可用来代替前面出现过的少数名词，以避免重复。 c. one的前面可用this，that，the，which等词来修饰。 d. 常有a+形容词+one这一形式。 it和one的用法区别：it用来指特定的东西，而one则用于替代不特定的东西 some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? no, i don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask. 2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。 would you like some bananas? could you give me some money? 3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。 i have read this article in some magazine. please correct the mistakes, if any. 4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。 there are some 3,000 students in this school. do you feel any better today? 2. each和every: a. each用来指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个。every则指两个以上的人或物中的一个。 b. 从含义和语法功能上看，each是“单个”的意思，侧重个体，在句中可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语。而every是“每一个”之意，侧重全体、整体、共性。在句中只能作定语，也就是说它后面必须跟着名词。而由every构成的合成词后面绝不能跟名词。 each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。each student has a pocket dictionary. / each (of us) has a dictionary. / we each have a dictionary. every student has strong and weak points. / every one of us has strong and weak points. 3. none和no： no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。 there is no water in the bottle. how much water is there in the bottle? none. none of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties. 4. other和another: a. another＝another"另一个”，泛指众多者中的另一个，在原有基础上自然增加的另一个。一般后面接单数 名词，前面不能加定冠词。有时another可以用在复数名词前表示“又”“再”，如：