废电池的环境污染及资源化价值分析

废电池的环境污染及资源化价值分析

牛冬杰;聂永丰

【期刊名称】《上海环境科学》

【年(卷),期】2000(000)010

【摘要】In this paper, recycling value of waste battery has been analyzed, in order of recycling values are lead acid battery, nickel cadmium battery, nickel hydride battery and dry cell battery. The main pollutants are heavy metals,acidic and basic electrolyte. The hazardous batteries are mercury-containing batteries, i.e. some of dry cell battery and mercury oxide containing battery, lead acid battery, cadmium-containing battery and nickel cadmium battery. Pollutants contaminate soil after leaching, the contaminating process is very slow. In addition, the main contaminating pathrnand possible pollution risk under different treatment and disposal methods were also discussed.%分析了各类废电池的资源化价值，按再生利用价值由高到低顺序依次为铅酸蓄电池、镍镉、镍氢电池、普通干电池。电池中含有的主要污染物质包括重金属以及酸、碱等电解质溶液。对环境和人体健康危害较大的废电池类别主要为：(1)含汞电池，指氧化汞电池，部分汞含量较高的锌锰和碱锰干电池；(2)铅酸蓄电池；(3)含镉电池，主要是Ni-Cd电池。废电池中化学物质释放进入环境过程是在电池包壳破损后发生的，或者是电池包壳本身发生浸蚀作用。普通家用干电池中的污染物质大多呈固态，由电池内部迁移到环境中是一种缓慢的过程。文中还分析了废电池污染环境的主要途径、采用各种不同处理、处置方式管理废电池可