高考英语真题阅读理解试题及答案解析

高考英语考前3周阅读冲刺

Passage1

About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings．

Instead，they receive their elementary and high school education by working at home on computers．The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools．” and that is about twice as many as two years ago．

The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live．Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools．They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well．

Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed．These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools．They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school．Whatever the judgement of cyberschools，they are getting more and more popular．For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall．It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen．

Children get free equipment for their online education．This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary．

Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honor at their graduation．

1．What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool？

A．They have to take long bus rides to school．

B．They study at home rather than in classrooms．

C．They receive money from traditional public schools．

D．They do well in traditional school programs．

2．What is a problem with cyberschools？

A．Their equipment costs a lot of money．

B．They get little support from the state government．

C．It is hard to know students' progress in learning．

D．The students find it hard to make friends．

3．Cyberschools are getting popular became _______．

A．they are less expensive for students

B．their students can work at their own speed

C．their graduates are more successful in society

D．they serve students in a wider age range

4．We can infer that the author of the text is _______．

A．unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools

B．excited about the future of cyberschools

C．doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois

D．disappointed at the development of cyberschools

Passage 2

Up，Up，and Away！

An adventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on a cluster of balloons has launched a house into the sky just like in the hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record．

Fearless Trappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the Leon International Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago．

The 38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his planned trans-Atlantic flight scheduled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge helium balloons．

The brave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch into the ocean during the danger-filled adventure．

He sill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altitude record of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previous world record of 230 miles in order to succeed．

The adventurer Trappe，who holds records for crossing the Alps，flying the most cluster balloons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to this ambitious plan．

“I didn’t wake up one day and think：‘I’ going to fly across the Atlantic，’”he said．“Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I’ve been training for a long time”．

1．The adventurer flew across the English Channel to__________．

A．test the balloons B．launch a house

C．shoot a hit movie D．prepare for breaking a record

2．To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________．

A．2500 miles B．18，000 feet C．25，000 feet D．230 miles

3．About the ambitious journey，which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．When he will fly B．How high he sill fly

C．How far he will fly D．How long it will take him

4．How many world records does Jonathan hold?

A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five

5．What does he last paragraph imply?

A．Trappe can’t sleep wo rrying about the adventure

B．Trappe was born to set world records

C．Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind

D．Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlantic before

Passage 3

Every day we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will ask us some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics，remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying．You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so that they can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself．

Remember，too，that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you．The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different from that of a ordinary conversation．You must take special care that you can be heard．

1．When you speak to the class，you should speak ______．

A．as slowly as possible B．in a low voice C．loudly D．forcefully

2．Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______．

A．noisy B．quiet C．having a rest D．serious

3 The situation in the class is ______ that in your house．

A．not very different from B．sometimes the same as

C．sometimes not the same as D．not the same as

4．If you are having a conversation with an official，the most important thing for you is ______．A．to show your ability B．to be very gentle

C．to make sure that you can be heard D．to put the official at ease

5．The main idea of this passage is ______．

A．that we should talk in different ways in different situations

B．that we must speak loudly

C．that we must keep silent at any time

D．that we must talk with the class

Passage 4

South Africa hosted the fifth BRICS Summit in March 2013，which completed the first cycle of BRICS summits，BRICS is an acronym for the powerful grouping of the world's leading up-and-coming economies，namely Brazil，Russia，India，China and South Africa．The BRICS aims to achieve peace，security，development and cooperation．It also seeks to contribute to the development of humanity and build a more stable and fairer world．

The industry leaders from the business communities of the five countries agreed that the BRICS countries will actively support industrialization on the African continent in order to contribute significantly to its development and to expand trade links between Africa and BRICS．The global economic situation，though improving，continues to remain uncertain with the Euro-crisis a major concern．The task ahead is to build on these developments and BRICS countries remain committed to the cause of promoting sustainable growth．Greater economic cooperation among BRICS countries can be significantly important，which will prove beneficial for global economic growth．

According to Dr．Rob Davies，South African Minister of Trade and Industry，the African continent is recognized as the second fastest growing continent after Asia．There are four drivers of the economic growth in African continent．These are the boom in mineral products in the African continent，the development of the service industries，the benefit of not having the financial crisis，and infrastructure(基础设施）development．Davies also adds that other BRICS countries have advantage of large populations providing big home markets for their products．The South African population is small compared to other BRICS countries，but if you add up numbers on continent then you have a critical mass that can support the new industrial wave in Africa：That is why the South African needs to create large trading blocks across large parts of African continent．

1．“BRICS” refers to______．

A．t he most active economy group in today’s world

B．t he most powerful economies in western world

C．l eading countries with fast development of humanity

D．t he most stable and secure countries in the world

2．From the text we know that industrialization in Africa will______．

A．give financial supports to all African countries

B create trade opportunities for both Africa and BRICS

C make significant development in the powerful groups

D．expand sustainable economic cooperation in different continents

3．The author believes greater cooperation among BRICS will______，

A．promote global economic growth B．bring more challenges

C．narrow the gap of development D．solve Europe’s economic crisis

4．Which of the following is the driver of the economic growth in Africa？______．

A．T he development of business industry

B．P rotective exploration in mineral products

C．T he recovery of the infrastructure

D．T he benefits of having no financial crisis

Passage 5

What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “no”．It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter．You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．The scientist，however，goes one step further；he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works．

The scientist's knowledge must be exact．There's no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times．If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions．

This is one reason why investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein，who developed the Theory of Relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics．The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein's ideas were proved to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements．Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations．

1．What makes a scientist according to the passage？

A．The tools he uses．B．His ways of learning．

C．The way he uses his tools．D．The various tools he uses．

2．“…knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．”The writer says this to show_______．

A．the importance of information

B．the difference between scientists and ordinary people

C．the importance of thinking

D．the difference between carpenters and ordinary people

3．A sound scientific theory should be one that_______．

A．works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times

B．leaves no room for improvement

C．doesn't allow any change even under different conditions

D．can be used for many purposes

4．What is the main idea of the passage？

A．Scientists are different from ordinary people．

B．The Theory of Relativity．

C．Exactness is the core of science．

D．Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist．

Passage 6

A lot of us los e life’s tough battles by starting a fronta l attack—when a touch of humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about being late on the job．Alth ough there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer．His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech．Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at work．Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？”

The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh．

Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives．It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face．For some jobs，i t’s the only tool that can succeed．It is

a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum．

1．Why was Sam late for his job？

A．Because he was ill．

B．Because he got up late．

C．Because he was caught in a traffic jam．

D．He was busy applying for a new job．

2．The main idea of this passage is ________．

A．Sam Maynard saved his job with humor

B．humor is important in our lives

C．early bird gets the worm

D．humor can solve racial discriminations

3．The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________．

A．tried to hold back B．tried to set C．charged D．gave out

4．Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？

A．Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor．

B．It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work．

C．Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30．

D．Humor is the most effective way of solving problems．

Passage 7

BEIJING，March 9—The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars，media have reported．The new rule has been applied among all Party and government departments nationwide，the Beijing News reported on Tuesday．The new rule has not yet been made public，said Li，a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference National Committee．

Under the old rules，the cars used by minister-level officials could be replaced as often as every five years，Li said．These officials will also keep the same cars when they assume new posts，he added．The new rule also reiterated that officials ranking below minister-or-governor-levels should not be allocated cars．The cars possessed by their departments should be used on demand．

“It violates the rules for lower-ranking—even county-level-officials to be allocated cars，” Li said．Purchases of vehicles for official use have been heavily investigated，as they account for a large

expenditure of public funds every year．

A survey on the Web news www．ifeng．com found 64 percent of respondents believed the new rule will be difficult to carry out because it is related to officials’ i nterests．

“Local government departments had halted approvals for requests for such vehicles and had started to work on new quotas under the new rules，” Li said．“The future reform of official vehicle use will introduce market mechanisms and monetization．”

Premier Wen Jiabao said in the annual government work report on Saturday that expenditures on such vehicles will not increase in 2011 compared with a year ago．

Beijing’s standing deputy mayor Ji Lin last week said the municipal government will release the n umber of vehicles for official use in the capital as early as at the end of this month．

Earlier this month，the Minister of Finance had published a rule regulating the budgets for such vehicles．1．What is the purpose of the new rule allocating vehicles among officials？

A．To promote a low-carbon lifestyle．

B．To cut down the present huge expenditures of purchasing cars．

C．To make good use of budgets for official cars．

D．To solve the problem of severe traffic jam．

2．How often could the cars used by minister-level officials be replaced according to the new rule？A．Every 3 years．B．Every 5 years．C．Every 8 years．D．Every 10 years．

3．What about the officials ranking below minister-or-governor levels in terms of official vehicles？A．They can still possess special cars．

B．They can use their own private cars．

C．They can use cars whenever officially necessary．

D．They can be allocated second-hand cars．

4．What is the public’s attitude toward the new rule’s fulfillment？A．Uncertain．B．Optimistic．C．Indifferent．D．Passive

5．From the passage，we can infer that_________．

A．the government is determined to carry out the new rule

B．the new rule has not yet been made public

C．the new rule will benefit official’s interest

D．the new rule is applied to minister-level officials

Passage 8

Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she did

not start painting until she was in her late seventies．As she once said to herself：" I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me．" No one could have had a more productive old age．

She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls．At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until，at twenty-seven，she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers．They farmed most of their lives，first in Virginia and then in New York State，at Eagle Bridge．She had ten children，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927．Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time．Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted．Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York．Between the 1930's and her death，she produced some 2，000 pictures：detailed and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and form．"I think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it" she said．

1．According to the passage，Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to________．A．make herself beautiful B．keep active

C．earn more money D．become famous

2．Grandma Moses spent most of her life________．

A．nursing B．painting C．embroidering D．farming

3．The underlined word “portrayals ”means________．

A．descriptions B．expressions C．explanations D．impressions

4．From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph，it can be inferred that she was________．

A．independent B．pretty C．rich D．nervous

5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？

A．Grandma Moses：Her Life and Pictures．

B．The Children of Grandma Moses．

C．Grandma Moses：Her Best Exhibition．

D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists．

Passage 9

Scientists say they now have p roof to support the old-fashioned advice that it’s best to sleep on a problem．They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we

receive each day．

The lead researcher Bob Stickgold at Harvard Medical School said，“Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences．It’s like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it’s hard to explain．”

The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols，reports New Scientist．They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test，and if they had not slept．They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night’s sleep than after the same time s pent awake during the day．They also found it easier to remember themes that the words had in common．But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake．

Prof．John Groeger，University of Surrey’s Sleep Research Centre，said，“People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is，as we know that only certain parts of it have a restorative value．”

“We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day，and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with them all．”

1．The phrase “to sleep on a problem” in Paragraph 1 most likely means “________”．A．to pay full attention to a problem

B．to wait until the next day for a decision

C．to sleep to forget a problem

D．to have difficulty in sleeping

2．In the study by the US research team，students were asked to________．

A．put together words of similar meanings

B．remember words and their meanings

C．show their knowledge of words

D．make up lists of related words

3．Which of the following may be easier to remember？

A．Themes learned right before the test．

B．Rules from personal experiences．

C．Words learned before a good sleep．

D．Ideas stored together in the brain．

4．What may be the importance of the research？

A．It shows that sleep may help us manage information．

B．It helps find out the common themes of words．

C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health．

D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice．

Passage 10

It’s 5：00 in the morning when the alarm rings in my ears．I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom．I turn on the light and put on my glasses．The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully．Usually I go for a long run，but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD insanity．Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes．My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement．As I near the end of the exercise，I feel extremely tired，but a smile is of my face．It’s a smile because the DVD is over，but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit．

Some people enjoy shopping，smoking，food，work，or even chocolate．But I need exercise to get through each day．Some shake heads when they see me run through the town．Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake．They raise their eyebrows，surprised by my “no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad．Over the years，I have learned it’s okay to just say “no．” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat．

So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5：00 a．m．？What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream？Commitment．A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety，increases self–confidence and energy，extends life and above all improves my body shape．This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right．It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out．1．Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning？

A．Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully．

B．Because she finishes her favorite exercise

C．Because she enjoys the interesting DVD

D．Because she feels a sense of achievement

2．Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2？

A．She doesn’t like others r politely

B．She likes to make others surprised

C．Others don’t understand what she does．

D．Others try to help her by offering her food

3．What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean？

A．Good health B．Firm belief

C．A strong power D．A regular half

4．What can we learn about the author from the text？

A．She acts in a strange way

B．She wants to look different from others

C．She aims to develop a good body shape

D．She has difficult getting along with others

Passage 11

“Drink your milk．It’s good for you！” You’ve probably heard that many times，and it’s true．Milk contains calcium，which is necessary for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong．The US government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program，saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk every meal．

However，a group of doctors asked the government to take it away from the lunch program．The US ‘Physician Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says，“Milk is high in sugar，fat and animal protein，” all of which have negative effects on health．The PCRM says there are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans，broccoli，cereals and tofu．Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient．“One of the only reasons people prefer milk is because it is going to help build strong bones，” says Dr Neal Barnard，president of the PCRM．But milk may not be the best way to get calcium your body needs．

Of course，calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth，but there are other things that affect your bone strength，such as genes，how much vitamin D you take in，and getting an hour’s worth of exercise every day．

Some people disagree with the idea that milk isn’t important．Keri Gans，an American Dietitian，says “I don’t think it’s irresponsible to take this beverage that children enjoy it very much，especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day，and remove it from the lunch line．”

The U．S government is now considering the request of the PCRM，but a decision may be a long way off．Meanwhile，Marion Nestle，a professor puts it best：“Milk certainly has nutrients．Other food has the same nutrients．It’s just food．As with other food，too much might be a problem．”

1．The U．S．government requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program ．A．as a result of the request of the PCRM

B．because milk is the best way to get calcium

C．as drinking milk is good for bones and teeth

D．because milk is known to be fat-free or low-fat

2．The PCRM proposed that milk be removed from the lunch program because ．

A．American children are taking in too much calcium and suffering it

B．drinking milk is not the best way to get the calcium your body needs

C．drinking milk has more negative effects than positive ones on health

D．new researches prove that milk is not high in calcium as beans or tofu

3．The underlined word “beverage” in the 4th paragraph probably means “”．A．food B．game C．plan D．drink

4．According to the author，．

A．milk should be removed from the lunch program

B．it is irresponsible to take milk out of the lunch line

C．it is up to the children to decide what to do with the milk

D．it will take a long time for the government to makes a final decision

Passage 12

Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 101．Mr．John Evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in Forest Fach，near Swansea．But，when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse．He arrived at Paddington Station and smartly turned out in his best suit，favorite Panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole．“It’s very exciting．There’s no doubt about it，” he said．

Until yesterday he had never been far from home，except for one trip to Aberdeen．“But I’ve been on the seas to that faraway land called Ilfracombe 21 miles from home，” he joked．

Mr Evans，who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales，almost made the journey to London once before，at the turn of the century．“There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings return from Swansea — too much I thought．All my money went to the family then，” he said．During the next two days Mr Evans will be taken on a short tour of London to see the sights．Top of his list is a visit to the House of Parliament organized by his MP，Mr Gareth Wardell．

The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided for him if he gets tired．“I don’t like the chair — people will think I am getting old．” he said．His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized — no wine，no tobacco and no anger．

Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son，Amwell，he said jokingly，“I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket．”

1．The v ery reason that Mr Evans didn’t go to see the world is that _________．

A．he had already been on the seas to Ilfracombe

B．he was too busy to go too far away from home

C．he couldn’t afford both the time and the money

D．he believed “East or west，home is best”

2．Mr Evans didn’t like the wheelchair simply because _________．

A．he was not used to traveling in it

B．the wheelchair was of poor quality and not easy to operate

C．he actually preferred walking to sitting in it at home

D．he thought he was still young enough to manage the trip

3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A．Mr Evans had to work hard to raise his family when young．

B．The trip to London excited Mr Evans very much．

C．Mr Evans could not really enjoy the trip because of his age．

D．Humor was one of Mr Evans’ characters．

4．The probable explanation to Mr Evans’ long life lies in _________．

A．his good living habits B．his hard working for the family

C．his sticking to his hometown D．his living conditions near the Swansea

Passage 13

Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing．However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt．

In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in．A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths．By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom．So did the king of England in 1546．Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way．Henry IV，King of France，was famously dirty．Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out．

Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century．Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health．Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease．Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ．Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea；clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine．Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far？

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays．Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their

children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease．On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system．And the latter position is gaining some ground．

1．The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ．A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment．

B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in

C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths

D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease

2．Which of the following best describes HenryⅣ’s attitude to bathing？

A．Afraid．B．Curious．C．Approving．D．Uninterested．

3．How does the passage mainly develop？

A．By providing examples．

B．By making comparisons．

C．By following the order of time．

D．By following the order of importance．

4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？

A．To stress the role of dirt．

B．To introduce the history of dirt．

C．To call attention to the danger of dirt．

D．To present the change of views on dirt．

Passage14

You wake up in the morning，the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time．Then the telephone rings，you say hello，and the drama starts．The person on the other end has a depressing tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to．You are still in a wonderful mood？Impossible！

Communicating with negative people can wash out your happiness．It may not change what you think，but communicating long enough with them will make you feel depressed for a moment or a long time．Life brings ups and downs，but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer．They only feel glad when they make others feel bad．No wonder they can hardly win others’ pity or respect．

When you communicate with positive people，your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted．When the dagger(匕首) of a negative person is put in you，you feel the heavy feeling

that all in all，brings you down．

Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people．This could be a co-worker，or a relative．In this case，say what needs to be said as little as possible．Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person，but all this does is to lower you to that same negative level and they won’t feel ashamed of themselves about that．

Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized．The negative words of another at the start of the day can cling to you throughout the rest of your day，which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness．Life is too short to feel negative．Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible．1．The purpose of the first paragraph is to ______．

A．make a comparison B．offer an evidence

C．introduce a topic D．describe a daily scene

2．How can negative people have effect on us？

A．By influencing our emotion．

B．By telling us the nature of life．

C．By changing our ways of thinking．

D．By comparing their attitudes to life with ours．

3．Some negative people base their happiness on _______．

A．other people’s pity for them

B．making other people unhappy

C．building up a positive attitude

D．other people’s respect for them

4．According to the passage，to reduce negative people’s influence on us，we are advised to ______．A．change negative people’s attitudes to life

B．show our dissatisfaction to negative people

C．make negative people feel ashamed of themselves

D．communicate with negative people as little as possible

5．What is the author’s attitude towards negative people？A．Favorable．B．Critical．C．Indifferent．D．Supportive．

Passage 15

PALM COAST""“ Agatha Lee described her reaction as “disbelief”，when School Board Chairwoman Sue Dickinson called her name Last Thursday night at Flagler Auditorium．

Lee，a second-grade teacher at Belle Terre Elementary School，was named Flagler County’s T eacher of

the Year today．

"I was in such a great group of excellent teachers and I was just shocked．” Lee said in an interview after the announcement．

Every Flagler school names a Teacher of the Year once a year and those nominees are considered for the di strict’s award．That winner，along with winners from the state’s other districts，is then considered for the Florida Teacher of the Year award，which is announced in July．

To be qualified for the teaching award，teachers must encourage continuous learning，show skillfulness in their subject area，use creative teaching strategies’ show leadership and create a caring and respectful environment．

Jill Stirling，a kindergarten teacher，Flagler’s 2010 Teacher of the Year，said she also met winners from throughout the state to share teaching strategies and best practices．“I often think of those little people that have made me the teacher I am and the person that I am，" Stirling said．

Lee，the following new winner，who is now in her thirteenth year of teaching，came to Flagler County in 2004 after working in Pasco and St．Johns counties．She worked at the former Indian Trails K-8 school and came to Belle Terre Elementary when it opened in fall 2005．

Lee，who comes from a family of teachers，said she has always enjoyed being with

children．

“I love watching their faces when they have that ‘aha’ moment，" she said．

1．How did Agatha Lee feel when she was crowned Flagler County’s Teacher of the Year？

A．Excited．B．Astonished．C．Satisfied．D．Proud．

2．What did you know about Agatha Lee from the passage？

A．Her parents are probably also teachers．

B．She worked in four counties altogether．

C．She has taught in Flagler County since 2005．

D．She once shared teaching strategies with Jill Stirling．

3．To be a Flagler Teacher of the Year，one is required to______．

A．perform life-long learning B．show ability of leadership

C．be careful and respectful D．share teaching strategies

4．Which of the following is correct in order of time according to the passage？

①Lee came to Flagler County．

②Lee taught in Indian Trails K-8 school．

③Lee was named Flagler County’s 2010 Teacher of the Year．

④Lee worked in Pasco and St．Johns counties．

⑤Lee was named as Teacher of the Year by Belle Terre Elementary School．

A．①④②③⑤B．④②①⑤③C．④①②⑤③D．①②⑤③④

Passage 16

“Experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particularly good teacher．” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words，but they actually come from James March，a predecessor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making．For years March (possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience．

He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning：“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained．” The problem is that learning from experience involves serious complications，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book．

In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning．In our efforts to make stories interesting，he argues，we lose part of the complicated truth of things．He says “The more accurately reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is．”

Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher，March is also a poet，and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses．Though the book is short，it is demanding：Don’t pick it up looking for quick，easy lessons．Rather，be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life．

1．According to the text，James March is_________．

A．a poet who uses experience in his writing

B．a teacher who teachers story writing in university

C．a researcher who studies the way humans think and act

D．a professor who helps organizations make important decisions

2．According to James March，experience_________．

A．is overvalued B．is easy to explain

C．should be actively sought D．should be highly respected

3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？

A．Experience makes stories more accurate．

B．Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth．

C．The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning．

D．Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described．

4．What’s t he purpose of this text？

A．To introduce a book．

B．To describe a researcher．

C．To explain experiential learning．

D．To discuss organizational decision making．

Passage 17

GPS or Global Positioning System is a technology for locating a person or an object in three－dimensional space anywhere on the earth or in the surrounding orbit．GPS is a very important invention of our time on account of the many different possibilities it brings．The technology is still advancing and new applications are being developed to make full use of its potential．

The GPS system works with the help of a satellite network．Each of these satellites broadcasts a specific signal quite like a normal radio signal．These signals that carry the location data are received by a low-cost aerial which are then decoded by the GPS software．

The software is able to identify the satellite，its location in space and the time the signals take to travel from each satellite．The software then processes the information it receives from each satellite to calculate the position of the receiver．The overall process is quite like traditional navigation methods．If you can draw lines from three predefined places on the map to where you are，you can identify your position as the intersection of these lines，within a margin of error．

The consumer range of GPS solutions starts with sophisticated car GPS systems—they can have features like voice guiding，dynamic route calculation and in-built features to load and update a map from a CD．

The handheld range includes GPS devices from companies such as Magellan and Garmin．These typically have maps stored inside and work well for outdoor use．However the handheld range does not usually have dynamic route calculation facility so the user has to find his/her route．

Another application that was launched in the market recently has GPS working in a PDA (personal digital assistant)．The PDA is designed to connect with a GPS receiver．This range is generally cheap，but the PDA-based application is not very strong．There are also variants that use wireless Bluetooth connections．These can work both for personal navigation as well as inside a vehicle．

1．The passage mainly tells readers ______．

A．how GPS works and what we can use it for

B．how good GPS is and how we can use it

C．how widely GPS has been used in our life

D．how important and useful GPS is

2．We learn from the passage that we can use GPS ______．

A．anywhere on the earth B．on or near the earth

C．only in the open space D．only in the outer space

3．Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage？

A．GPS can help give guidance to car drivers．

B．GPS locates position 100 percent accurate．

C．GPS devices can be of very small size．

D．GPS can function in a personal digital assistant．

4．Which of the following shows the correct position of the GPS receiver？

（The circle in the center is the earth．※：satellite ★：receiver）

Passage 18

The new studies show that fewer than half of the 9th graders in many of the nation’s largest cities，ever graduate．The studies clearly show that the dropout rate isn’t dropping．And，in particular，the dropout rate isn’t dropping for poor and minority s tudents．

Amazingly，though so many people regret the rising dropout rate，our schools continue to lack formal plans—or any plans—about students’ motivation．Most schools have no game plans to ensure that students understand that school will be completely necessary．Schools expect the children to act as the school is important，but they never teach them to believe that．

Years ago，families ensured that the offspring recognized the value of school．But in many modern families，the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life just because these families may actually tell the children that school is not important．Since many families are not motivating their children to be interested students，young professionals，like teachers，may need to provide this training．Otherwise，it is likely that the dropout rate will continue to not drop，but only worsen．

Here are some strategies to convince even the most apathetic students that they must stay in school．

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