高考英语名词知识点专项训练(5)

高考英语名词知识点专项训练(5)

一、选择题

1．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us.

A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream

2．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________.

A．discount B．dictation C．favor

3．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.

A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault

4．Space exploration provides a ______ of national pride.

A．reason B．portrait C．statue D．symbol

5．Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed ____ at home.

A．view B．attitude C．style D．atmosphere 6．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products.

A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification

7．---What's new?

---The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel ____ , also known as chunyun, will ___ on Jan 10 and end on Feb 18.

A．dash; kick out B．rush; kick off C．flow; kick in D．jam; kick up

8．If you feel any_____ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping. A．tension B．abortion C．submission D．dimension 9．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.

A．lack B．guarantee C．remedy D．access 10．Hawking owned a brilliant intellect with a deep ____ for humanity, which enabled him to overcome his terrible disease and become a famous scientist.

A．aid B．concern C．glory D．basis

11．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.

A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy

12．Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia.

A．protection B．gesture C．shadow

13．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.

A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China.

A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality

15．With the COVID-19 ______ quickly around the globe, the whole world are in a(n) ______ of shock.

A．gathering, condition B．spreading, state

C．to spread, approach D．to gather, style

16．China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.

A．to great variety of B．great variety to

C．to a great variety of D．the great variety to

17．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.

A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat 18．Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.

A．topic B．shortcut C．cure D．recipe

19．The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.

A．mirror B．sight C．reflection D．shadow 20．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.

A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts

21．This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.

A．outline B．output C．operation D．organ

22．A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,

according to the advertisement.

A．price B．profit C．reward D．salary

23．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.

A．sake B．lack

C．ignorance D．knock

24．Last month L.A．declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.

A．state B．condition C．situation D．circumstance 25．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一直在传播虚假故事试图诽谤我们。A. attempt企图，试图；

B. programme节目，项目；

C. intention意图，目的；

D. dream梦想。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语in an attempt to do sth.“试图/企图做某事”，故选A项。

2．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我建议你申请入会。会员可以享受15%的折扣。A. discount折扣；B. dictation听写；C. favor帮助，赞同。根据上一句建议入会，所以推知入会是有好处的，故选A。

3．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病，给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake错误；B. error错误；C. blame责备；D. fault缺点、毛病。find fault with sb是固定搭配，表示“挑某人毛病”，故D项正确。

4．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：太空探索是民族自豪感的象征。A. reason原因，理由；B. portrait 肖像；C. statue地位；D. symbol符号，象征。根据句意，太空探索是充满民族自豪感的。选项D切题，故选D。

5．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：托尼放了柔和的音乐，把灯调暗，以便使家里的气氛更轻松。

A. view视野，风景；

B. attitude态度；

C. style风格；

D. atmosphere气氛。根据语境及选项分析可知，此处指更轻松的“氛围”。故选D。

6．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场发布展示会进展非常顺利，几乎所有到场的听众都向我们的5G产品咨询更多的信息。A. conservation保护；B. imagination想象力；C. presentation

展示；D. qualification资格。结合句意可知，此处用“展示”符合语境，故选C项。

7．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析和动词短语词义辨析。句意：---有什么新消息？---即将到来的40天的春运高峰期，又称春运，将于1月10日拉开序幕，2月18日结束。A. dash破折号; kick out 撵走；B. rush 高峰期； kick off 开始；C. flow 流动 ; kick in 药物开始起作用；D. jam 拥挤; kick up 出故障。由“The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival”可知，第一个空在说春运高峰期。由“end on Feb 18”可知，第二个空在说春运的开始时间。end与kick off“开始”相对应。故选B项。

8．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你感到颈部肌肉紧张，睡觉时放一个毛巾在头下垫着。A. tension 紧张(在句中表示颈部肌肉紧张)；B. abortion 堕胎；C. submission 屈服、提交；D. dimension 方面、维度。结合句意可知，此处用“颈部肌肉紧张”符合语境，故选A项。9．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们住在这个国家的一个落后地区，没有电，没有柏油路，也没有容易的安全饮用水接入。A. lack缺乏；B. guarantee保证；C. remedy补救；D. access

进入。根据上文with no electricity, paved roads可知，这个地区没有电，没有柏油路，也没有安全的饮用水。短语access to表示“进入，有权使用”，故选D。

10．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金有聪明的才智，对人性有着深切的关怀，这使得他能够克服严重的疾病成为一个著名的科学家。A. aid帮助；B. concern关心；C. glory荣耀；D. basis基础。根据句意可知，此处用“关心”符合语境，故选B项。

11．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名战士，他有很强的纪律性。A. desire欲望；B. discipline纪律；C. force力量；D. privacy隐私。结合上文Being a soldier可知形容士兵应当是有很强的“纪律性”，故选B。

12．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：露露是在她高水平的姐姐索菲亚的阴影下长大的。A. protection 保护；B. gesture姿态；C. shadow阴影。根据后文her high-performing sister, Sophia可知，是在姐姐的阴影下长大。故选C。

13．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管失败了很多次，他们仍然继续进行实验。A. method方法；

B. experiment实验；

C. warning警告；

D. effect效果。根据Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out可知，此处用“实验”符合句意，故选B项。

14．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：改革开放政策实施以来，中国人民的生活质量有了很大的提高。A. quantity数量；B. quality质量；C. activity活动；D. reality现实。根据后文of life has greatly improved可知是指生活质量有了很大提高，应用quality。故选B。

15．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词、动词词义辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：随着新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内迅速蔓延，整个世界都处于震惊之中。gather聚集，聚拢；spread传播；condition条件；state状态，状况；approach方法，方式；style风格。新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内迅速蔓延，所以第一个空应用spread的某种形式。且第一个空考查with+宾语+宾语补足语结构，the COVID-19和spread之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故第一空填spreading。全世界处于震惊的“状态”，第二个空应用state。故选B。

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词和固定短语。句意：中国是一个多种族的国家，在中国，各民族团体将他们独有的味道带到国家的各个角落，增添了人们餐桌的多样性。分析句子可知，各族人民不同的口味增加了人们餐桌的多样性，A、B选项中的add...... to意为“把......加到......”,great variety没有特指，所以不加the。故选B项。

17．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：简人很好，但她话太多。A. trend趋势，走向；trend towards/in sth. 动态；B. tendency趋势，癖好；tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向；偏好；C. tension 紧张，张力；D. threat 威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth. 表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。故选B。

18．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：让虚拟助手(比如亚马逊的Alexa)照顾你的家，对某些人来说无异于一场灾难，因为人工智能系统可能会表现出不可预测的行为，这些行为可能具有破坏性、混乱性、攻击性，甚至是危险的。A. topic话题；B.shortcut捷径；C. cure治愈；D. recipe配方。分析句子可知，显然让虚拟助手掌握实权带来的是不好的结果，也就是导致了灾难的发生，a recipe for disaster“后患无穷”。故选D项。

19．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木在水中的倒影非常清晰。A.mirror镜子；B.sight 视野；C.reflection倒影；D.shadow影子。根据in the water was very clear可知，指水中的倒影。故选C项。

20．D

解析：D

【详解】

考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。

21．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书给出了城堡历史的概述，以及大厅里陈列的艺术品的详细信息。A. outline大纲，概要；B. output输出；C. operation操作，手术；D. organ器官，机构。从主语book、形容词brief和反映的内容来看，应该指这本书的纲要内容。故选A 项。

22．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：据广告上说，能将布朗先生丢失的钱找回来的人将得到奖赏。

A. price价格；

B. profit利润；

C. reward奖赏；

D. salary工资。根据who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost以及结合生活常识，可知有人帮失主找回丢失的财物，应该是获得“奖赏”。故选C。

23．B

解析：B

【解析】

考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。

24．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：上个月，洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态，当时对杀害黑人乔治弗洛伊德的抗议演变成了暴力行为。A.state 状态；B. condition 条件；C.situation 情况；

D.circumstance环境。a state of 表示状况，这里指洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态。故选A。25．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：从监狱释放差不多一年以后，他仍然睡不好。A. expedition远征；B. transformation改变；C. link连接；D. release释放。根据from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly意可知，此处用“释放”符合句意，故选D项。

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1) 一、选择题 1．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library. A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 5．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 8．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 11．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States. A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China. A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands

高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

2.不规则变化

注意:1.fish的“数” ?

2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?

4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。

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