高考英语名词知识点专项训练及答案(4)

高考英语名词知识点专项训练及答案(4)

一、选择题

1．China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.

A．to great variety of B．great variety to

C．to a great variety of D．the great variety to

2．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.

A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault

3．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value

4．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster

5．The practice of hanging flags is a common _______ in many parts of the country on National Day.

A．sight B．scenery C．sign D．signal

6．This unjust _______ of people on the basis of skin color was challenged. A．determination B．adaptation C．separation D．submission 7．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually.

A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 8．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.

A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy 9．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom

10．Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times.

A．instructor B．expert C．favorite D．admirer 11．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?

—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.

A．strength B．talent

C．ability D．skill

12．Determination is the most important of all the ____________ because without determination, you will end up doing nothing.

A．tactics B．virtues C．emotions

13．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.

A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect

14．—Any ________ to how long I can keep the book?

—Yes. You must return it by next Tuesday.

A．limit B．time C．number D．length

15．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.

A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat 16．Modem TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth, who contributed a lot to the development of TV

A．platforms B．principles C．sources D．symptoms 17．Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.

A．topic B．shortcut C．cure D．recipe 18．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.

A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts

19．The police are offering a $ 60,000 _____ for information about the killer.

A．price B．prize C．award D．reward

20．In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term. A．presence B．charge C．control D．absence

21．It is a great____________ for our country to hold the 2022 Winter Olympic.

A．signal B．function C．honor D．agreement

22．A U.S. company has developed facial _______ software that can help police. A．recognition B．recommendation C．representation D．reality 23．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big __________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.

A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition 24．Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at two sessions.

A．agenda B．subject C．directory D．seminar 25．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词和固定短语。句意：中国是一个多种族的国家，在中国，各民族团体将他们独有的味道带到国家的各个角落，增添了人们餐桌的多样性。分析句子可知，各族人民不同的口味增加了人们餐桌的多样性，A、B选项中的add...... to意为“把......加到......”,great

variety没有特指，所以不加the。故选B项。

2．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病，给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake错误；B. error错误；C. blame责备；D. fault缺点、毛病。find fault with sb是固定搭配，表示“挑某人毛病”，故D项正确。

3．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：够了！这里没人认为你说的话有任何意义。A. excuse借口，理由；

B. sense感知；

C. use使用；

D. value价值。固定搭配：make any sense讲不通，有任何意义，结合句意。故选B。

【点睛】

make构成的短语

make up 组成，构成，化妆，编造，和好如初；be made of 由---构成（能看出原材料）；be made from由---构成（不能看出原材料）； be made into 被制成了---；be made up of 由---组成；be made in由某地制成； make friends 交朋友； make preparations for 为---做准备；make oneself done 使某人自己被---。

这些都是make的常用，常考短语，记住并能在语境中准确使用，本题考查的是make和sense的搭配。

4．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉父母我的问题时，我肩上的重担减轻了。A. burden负担；B. risk冒险；C. hole洞；D. disaster灾难。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。故选A。

5．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在国庆节挂国旗的习俗在全国许多地方是很常见的景象。A. sight景象，指眼见的景色，如城市景象或自然风光，也指人造景物或奇特的景象；B. scenery风景，指某一国家或地区的群山、森林等自然风景；C. sign签名；D. signal信号。

此处国庆节挂国旗为人造景象应用sight。故选A。

6．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种以肤色为基础的不公正的种族隔离受到了挑战。A. determination决心；B. adaptation适应；C. separation隔离，分离；D. submission投降，提交。结合句意表示“分离”应用separation。故选C。

7．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个邻国最终在边界问题上达成了和解。A. Accumulation.积累；B. compensation补偿；C. accommodation调节，和解；D. ambition野心。根据句意可知，此处是指达成和解。故选C。

8．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名战士，他有很强的纪律性。A. desire欲望；B. discipline纪律；C. force力量；D. privacy隐私。结合上文Being a soldier可知形容士兵应当是有很强的“纪律性”，故选B。

9．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：查尔斯·达尔文在他1859年出版的书中解释了地球上物种的起源。A. ancestor祖先；B. origin起源；C. belief信仰；D. custom习惯，风俗。结合句意可知答案为B。

10．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：李嘉诚先生被认为是世界上最成功的商人之一。他认为自己是

时代的宠儿。A. instructor指导者；B. expert专家；C. favorite受喜爱的人；D. admirer爱慕者。根据上文Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world.可知李嘉诚先生认为自己是时代的宠儿（favorite）。故选C。

11．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作？——你知道，英语是我的优势。所以这是我最好的选择。A. strength优势，优点；B. talent才能；C. ability能力；

D. skill技能。由前文work in an international travel agency可知，英语是我的优势。故选A。

12．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：决心是所有品行中最重要的，因为没有决心，你将一事无成。

A. tactics策略；

B. virtues美德，品行；

C. emotions情绪。根据常识可知，决定是一种品行，故选B。

13．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管失败了很多次，他们仍然继续进行实验。A. method方法；

B. experiment实验；

C. warning警告；

D. effect效果。根据Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out可知，此处用“实验”符合句意，故选B项。

14．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：——我能借多长时间有限制吗？——是的。你必须在下星期二之前归还。A. limit限制；B. time时间；C. number 数字；D. length长度。结合后文的回答“You must return it by next Tuesday.”可知询问的是借书的时间有没有“限制（limit）”。故选A。

15．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：简人很好，但她话太多。A. trend趋势，走向；trend towards/in sth. 动态；B. tendency趋势，癖好；tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向；偏好；C. tension 紧张，张力；D. threat 威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth. 表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。故选B。

16．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代电视使用了最初由Farnsworth发现的许多原理，他对电视的发展做出了很大贡献。A. platforms平台；B. principles原则；C. sources来源；D. symptoms症状。根据句意可知，现代电视利用了由Farnsworth发现的原理，故选B。17．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：让虚拟助手(比如亚马逊的Alexa)照顾你的家，对某些人来说无异于一场灾难，因为人工智能系统可能会表现出不可预测的行为，这些行为可能具有破坏性、混乱性、攻击性，甚至是危险的。A. topic话题；B.shortcut捷径；C. cure治愈；D. recipe配方。分析句子可知，显然让虚拟助手掌握实权带来的是不好的结果，也就是导致了灾难的发生，a recipe for disaster“后患无穷”。故选D项。

18．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。

19．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：警方正在悬赏一笔大的奖金征集有关抢劫的信息。A. price价格；B. prize 奖品，多指在竞赛中所赢得的奖。C. award奖品，是因优点奖励或授予的东西；D.reward报偿，酬

劳，指某一个人做了一件事儿得到的报酬，回报。根据句意，是对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给与的奖励。故选D。

20．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏更一步的证据，警察不能在短时间内解决这桩谋杀案。A. presence在场；B. charge管理；C. control控制；D. absence缺席。根据,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.可知，此处考查固定短语in the absence of“缺乏”，故选D项。

21．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我们国家来说，举办2022年冬奥会是一个巨大的荣誉。A. signal信号；B. function功能；C. honor荣誉，荣耀；D. agreement协议，同意。有机会举办冬奥会对于所有国家来说都是一个荣耀。故选C项。

22．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一家美国公司开发了可以帮助警察的面部识别软件。A. recognition认出；识别；B. recommendation建议；劝告；推荐；C. representation代表；描绘；D. reality现实。根据后文“that can help police”可知，该软件可以帮助到警察（缉拿罪犯），可推知，该软件可以进行面部识别，“facial recognition software”可意为“面部识别软件”，符合句意表达。故选A项。

23．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意为：放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一个重大的决定，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好决定。A.project项目；https://www.wendangku.net/doc/cb15134509.html,mitment承诺，投入，花费；https://www.wendangku.net/doc/cb15134509.html,petition比赛；D. ambition志向。根据句意可知，故选B项。

24．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：脱贫攻坚是国家工作的重中之重，也是两会的重要议题。A. agenda议程；B. subject 科目；C. directory 目录；D. seminar讨论会。根据Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country此处指两会的“议程”是脱贫攻坚。故选A。

25．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：从监狱释放差不多一年以后，他仍然睡不好。A. expedition远征；B. transformation改变；C. link连接；D. release释放。根据from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly意可知，此处用“释放”符合句意，故选D项。

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1) 一、选择题 1．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library. A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 5．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 8．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 11．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States. A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China. A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands

高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

2.不规则变化

注意:1.fish的“数” ?

2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?

4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。

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