初中定语从句重难点精讲

定语从句讲解

一、初中阶段学习定语从句的要点

定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。

（1）引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有：when, where, why, that。

注意：关系副词里面没有how。

如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词。

don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。

（2）关系代词who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。

is the man who wants to see you. 他就是想要见你的那个人。（who在从句中作主语）（3）关系代词whom。

is the man whom I saw in the park yesterday. 他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。（whom在从句中作宾语）

作宾语用的引导词可以省略，因此上面的句子可以改写如下：

He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.

（4）关系代词whose用来指人或物，（只能用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。 pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

（5）关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。 needed a pl ant which didn’t need as much water as rice.

他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。（作主语）

注意：当有which和that要进行选择的情况下，以下情况要选which：

①在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。

②修饰整个主句。

never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.

从那以后我再也没有见到过朱莉叶，真是遗憾。

③修饰谓语部分

can swim in the river, which I cannot. 他会在河里游泳，那正是我不会的。

④介词＋which

are all questions to which there are no answers. 那些问题都是无头公案。

（6）关系代词that多用来指物，有的也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语。指物的时候多用that，也可用which。

a question that (which) needs careful consideration.

这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。（指物，作主语。）

注意：在以下的情况中，只能用that作引导词，而不能用which作引导词：

① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。

that she lacked was training. 她所缺少的只是训练。

注意：everything等为先行词时，引导词可以省略。

② 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。

③ 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时。

④ 先行词中既有人又有物时。

talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.

他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。

⑤ 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑问句，为了避免重复时。

（7）关系代词as用于引导限制性定语从句时，多数和such…as和the same…as连用。

have never heard such a story as he told. 我从未听过他讲的这种故事。

注意：as和which的区别：

关系代词as用于引导非限制性定语从句时，应注意以下几点：

① as引导的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，一般可以和which互换。

author was brought up in a small village, as (which) is recounted in some of his stories.

作者是在一个小村庄里长大的，这个问题在他的一些小说里已被提到过。

但是，当主句是否定句时，as和which就不能互换，因为as引导的非限制性定语从句不包含否定意义。

② as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句子的最前面; which引导的定语从句不能放在句首。 you will find out, all is now 你将会看到这样一种情况，一切都已搞定了。

二、典型例题讲解

例题1．Mr. Smith ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday. A．whom；which B．who；what C．that；who D．which；where

解析：

第一个空格考查定语从句，先行词Mr. Smith在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导；第二个空格考查由what引导的宾语从句looking for what he lost yesterday意为“寻找他昨天弄丢的东西。”可知正确答案为B项。答案：B

例题2．One of the most delicious drinks ________ I like is orange juice.

A．which B．that C．whose D．whom

解析：

由先行词drinks被the most delicious这一最高级所修饰可知此处只能用that引导定语从句，故正确答案为B项。答案：B

例题3．We all like the story about the teacher ________ happened in our school last week.

A．which B．who C．whom D．what

解析：

由句意“我们都喜欢上周发生在我们学校里的关于那个老师的故事。”可知定语从句的先行词为story，是表示物的名词，推知正确答案为A项。答案：A

三、备考策略

今天我们复习了定语从句。虽然在初中阶段对于这一专题的考查在中考当中并不难，但对于今天专题中所谈到的含定语从句的复合句的基本结构，常用的关系代词，关系副词的用法同学们必须掌握。还应弄清楚常用的关系代词如who，whom，which，that的区别，什么情况可以省去关系词，哪些从句只能由that引导。关系词的正确选择是学习定语从句的关键。用关系代词还是用关系副词，有二看：一要看关系词在从句中充当什么成分；二要看关系词所代表的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。所以同样的先行词会接不同的关系词，这是因为关系词在从句中所起的作用不同。

This is the room where/in which we’ll celebrate the New Year.（充当地点状语）This is the room (that/which) we’ll celebrate the New Year in.（充当介词宾语可省略）

This is the room which/that will be used for the celebration of the New Year.（充当主语）

整理Unit 9 定语从句精讲与考点解析及练习(3)

关系代词及关系副词引导的定语从句精讲与考点解析整理 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句常置于它所修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）之后。 1.关系代词及其用法 注意：（1）关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时，关系代词只能用which; 先行词指人时，关系代词只能用whom。 （2）关系代词在从句中作宾语时，常常可以省略。 2. 定语从句中的主谓一致：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。She loves music which is quiet and beautiful. 她喜欢安静优美的音乐。 I like musicians who write their own music. 我喜欢自己作曲的音乐家。 关系代词只用that, 不用which 的情况 （1）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is the first book that he wrote. 这是他写的第一本写。 The most interesting place that she has been to is Hangzhou. 她去过的有趣的地方是杭州。 （2）当先行词同时地包含人和物时。 I still remember the girl and her green coat (that ) we saw yesterday. 我还记着我们昨天见到的那个女孩和她的那件绿色上衣。 （3）当先行词前面有all, any, little, few, the very, the only the last等限定词修饰时。 T hat’s the only thing that I can do now. 这是我现在唯一能做的事。 （4）当先行词是everything, something, anything, nothing等不定代词时。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么能为您效劳的吗？ 考点：关系代词 考向1 ：that 或which 作宾语 （1）I like music (that /which I can sing along with ) 先行词关系代词主语谓语 作宾语 （2）Abing’s Erquan Yingyue is a piece (which all the great erhu masters play and praise ) (which作play and praise 的宾语)考题：1 --What are you looking for ? --I’m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week . A.who B. what C. that D. when 考向2 ：that或which 作主语 1.He prefers groups (that/which play quiet and slow songs ) 先行词关系代词谓语宾语 作主语 2.The piece (which was played on the erhu ) especially moved me . (which作was played 的主语） 考题2 --What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV? --It’s a great TV show ____ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public . A whom B. who C. whose D. that ▲that, which 可互换，下列情况勿照办，不定代词这路货，全用that准没错，要用which 别着急，介词提前隔离。定语从句考谓语，一定跟着先行词走。

初中英语语法梳理和提高---定语从句总结与精讲(含答案)

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人教版初三九年级英语定语从句知识点总结归纳复习资料大全重难点汇总【最新版】

定语从句 【考点扫描】 中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1．定语从句的功用和结构 2．关系代词和关系副词的功用 3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。 【名师精讲】 一. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如： This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. Do you know everybody who came to the party? I still remember the night when I first came to the village?

This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。 1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如： I don’t like people who talk much but do little. The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 2. 作宾语： She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”. 3. 作定语 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如： What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.

初中定语从句重难点精讲

定语从句讲解 一、初中阶段学习定语从句的要点— 定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。 (1)引导词分为“关系代词”和 “关系副词”。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系畐寸词有：when, where, why, that 。 注意：关系副词里面没有how。 如果要修饰方式，用that 或in which 引导，或者不用引导词。 do n' t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me. 我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。 (2)关系代词who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。 is the man who wan ts to see you. 他就是想要见你的那个人。(who在从句中作主语) (3)关系代词whom is the man whom I saw in the park yesterday. 他就是我昨天在公园里见至U的那个人。 (whom在从句中作宾语) 作宾语用的引导词可以省略，因此上面的句子可以改写如下： He is the man I saw in the park yesterday. (4)关系代词whose用来指人或物，(只能用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which 互换)。pass me the book whose (of which) cover is gree n. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 (5)关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。 needed a pl ant which didn ' t need as much water as rice. 他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。(作主语) 注意：当有which 和that 要进行选择的情况下，以下情况要选which : ①在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。 ②修饰整个主句。 n ever met Julia aga in after that, which was a pity. 从那以后我再也没有见到过朱莉叶，真是遗憾。 ③修饰谓语部分 can swim in the river, which I cannot. 他会在河里游泳，那正是我不会的。 ④介词+ which are all questi ons to which there are no an swers. 那些问题都是无头公案。 (6)关系代词that多用来指物，有的也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语。指物的时候多用that，也可用which。

初中英语语法精讲之定语从句

初中英语语法精讲之定语从句 定语从句，对于很多初中学生来说，是一个难点。大部分成绩中上的同学（96+/120）题目会做，但是你让他在作文中应用定语从句还是有一定难度。如果无法掌握透彻定语从句，也不用担心，毕竟中考直接考察定语从句的分值还是比较小的。 思维导图： 一、基本概念 1.定语：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的句子成分。 比如：a handsome boy, 那么我们这边的handsome 就是用来修饰名词boy的，所以handsome这个词是定语 记忆：定语是修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子。

也就是定语它只围绕着名词或代词转。 2.定语从句（relative clause)：修饰名词或代词的句子（用一个句子来充当定语）。 比如：He is a boy who is handsome. 这边的who is handsome 就是定语从句，当然这个句子没有任何意义，如果出现写作中，我们会认为这是一个凑数的定语从句，像这样的简单表达我们直接用handsome形容词做定语即可（可能学生在写作中会写出这样完全没有营养的定语从句）。 I used to live in the house which was surrounded by flowers and birds. 像这样的句子就一个简单的句子来表示，所以我们会认为这是一个恰当好处的定语从句。 注意：到了系统的学了非谓语动词之后，这个句子也可以用一个简单句表示I used to live in the house surrounded by flowers and birds. 这里就是用非谓语动词（过去分词）做定语。 3.先行词被修饰的词

定语从句中考精讲

定语从句中考精讲 定语从句中考精讲 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句加定语从句。以下是店铺整理分享的定语从句中考精讲，欢迎阅读。 ①考点聚焦： 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 3、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。 ②确定关系词的步骤 (1)先找从句，看关系词在从句中所充当的.成分。 (2)看先行词指的是什么。 ③特别注意 在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which (1)先行词被：，形容词最高级，序数词，the same, the very , the only, the last 等修饰时 (2)先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。 (3)先行词中既有人又有物时。 宜用which而不用that的情况 (1)在非限制性定语从句中 (2)在关系词前有介词时 whose作关系词既指人的又指物的，在从句中作定语。如： Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room whose window faces the river. 练习

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