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unit1人教版八年级英语下册语法与知识点

unit1人教版八年级英语下册语法与知识点
unit1人教版八年级英语下册语法与知识点

Unit 1

第一部分:Grammar

一、 情态动词(Modal Verbs )

情态动词should 意为“应该,应当”,必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语,没有人称和数的变化。用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告,而且表述的是自己的主观看法。 的句式结构

注意:should 在以why ,

who ,how 等疑问词开头的问句中,意为“竟然,居然,怎么会”,表示意外、惊喜或在说话人看来是不可思议的。 二、 其他表示建议的句型

三、反身代词

表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式,词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译“本人”、“本身”,为加强语气,也常翻译为“亲自”、“自己”。不定人称代词one-----oneself.

第二部分:单词用法

Section A

1.What’s the matter?怎么了?

该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦,其后用with引出对象。

1). What’s the matter with sb.?

=what’s wrong with sb.?

=what’s the trouble/problem with sb.?

=what’s one’s trouble/problem?

. What’s the matter with Tom?=what’s _________ with Tom?

=What’s the _________ with Tom?=What’s Tom’s _________?

2). matter, 名词,“问题,事情”

. We have important _________(matter) to discuss.

我们有些重要的问题要讨论。

3). 动词,“要紧,关系重大”

. It dosen’t _________ that you came late.

2.I have a cold.我感冒了。

1).have/get/catch a cold “感冒,着凉”

The old man _________ a cold yesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。

2). “have +a/an +疾病名称”意为“得了….病”

have a fever, have a cough,have a headache…

3.I have a sore back.我背痛。

“I have a sore + 身体部位”意为“…痛”

辨析sore和ache

Katy _________ (lie) on the bed and read the letter last night.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。

He _________(lie) to me about the result.对于结果他对我说了谎。

2). rest 动词,“休息,放松”

May him rest in peace.

have/take a rest 休息,放松=rest

5.You need to take breaks away from the computer.

take breaks = take/have a break 休息

We are _________ a break under the tree.我们正在树下休息。

6.Yeah,I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的,我想我

以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。

1). In the same way:以同样的方式,以相同的方式

She worked out the math problem in the same way.

2).without为介词,意为“无,没有,不”

You can’t buy things _________ money! 你没有钱就买不了东西。

He left without _________ anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。

7.…When the driver saw an old man lying on the side og the road.这时,司机看

到路边躺着一位老人。

see/watch/notice/hear sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的正在进行

see/watch/notice/hear sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性

. I often _________ him _________ in the garden last month.

上个月,我总是看到他在花园里干活。(强调全过程)

I _________ him _________ in the garden when I passed by yersterday.

昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。(强调动作正在进行)

8.He expected most or all the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.

1).expect +名词/代词“期待;预料”

I am _________ a phone call from her.我正在等她的电话。

2).expect to do sth.

She expects to go there next week. 她期望下周去那里。

3).expect sb. to do sth. He expected her to go with him.

4).expect +that 从句 I expect that he’ll come back tomorrow.

9. But to my surprise, they all agreed to go with him.

1). to one’s surprise “使…惊讶的是,出乎…意料”

________ my _________(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us.

让我惊讶的是,他拒绝与我们合作。

2). agree “同意”

a. agree to do sth. “同意做某事”

b. agree with sb.

c. agree on sth. “就某事达成一致”

. My mother agreed _________(buy) me a new pen.

I entirely agree _________ you.

We agree _________ the question.

Thanks _________ sending me such a nice gift. 谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。

11.get into trouble “造成麻烦(或烦恼);陷入困境” trouble是不可数名词。

be in trouble “再麻烦和困境中”

. Lisa _________ _________ trouble when she climed the mountain.

Let us help the people who are ________ _________.

12.Did you fall down?

The boy _________ _________ _________ the tree and broke his legs.

The girl _________ _________ the bike.

Section B

1.Someone felt sick.

Sick;生病的,恶心的。ill也是生病的,也可表示品质恶劣的

. Everytime I get on a boat, I feel _________.

He is an _________ student, because he smokes and drinks.

I have to look after my _________ sister home at home today.

2.Someone got hit on the head.有人头部受到了撞击。

1).get hit 为系表结构:get hit +on/in +the+身体部位的名词,表示“某身体部位受到了撞击”

. The police officer _________ _________on the shoulder. 这位警官的肩膀受到了撞击。

2). hit, “打击,击中”如果强调“集中某人的部位”可以用“hit sb. on/in the + 身体部位”. The bullet hit him on the back. 子弹击中了他的后背。

3).hit可以做名词,“轰动一时的成功的人或事;风靡一时的作品”。

. The song was a hit at once.

3. have problems breathing

1). breathe, a.动词“呼吸”. He was breathing hard when he finished the race.

b. 名词,breath,没有“e”

take a deep breath 深呼吸;hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸

2). have problems (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难或麻烦”

. I have _________ _________ English. 我学习英语有困难。

. I am _________ to _________ up early.我习惯早起。

A pen is _________ to _________.钢笔是用来写字的。

He _________ to _________ books for an hour every day.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。

5. find + 宾语 + 宾补

1). find 宾语 adj. We found him dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。

2).find 宾语 doing We found him _________others’ homework. 我们发现他在抄别人作业。

3).find 宾语副词和介词短语 I am so glad to find you _________.我很高兴发现你在家。

I found the clothes _________ _________ style. 我发现这些衣服过时了。

6. 辨析run out/run out of 用尽,耗尽

Our money is _________ out. 我们的钱快用光了。

We are running out _________ money. 我们的钱快用光了。

. They got up early _________ _________ they could catch the early bus.

Say slowy _________ _________ I can follow you.

Tom ran _________ fast _________ I couldn’t catch up with him.

=Tom ran _________ fast _________ catch up with.

8.so …that 用法。

1). so + adj./adv. +that

2).so + adj. +(+a/an)+n.+that

3). so + many/much/few/little +

. The ceiling is so high that we couldn’t reach. 天花板如此高,我们够不着。

His son is so tall a man that he almost reaches the ceiling.他儿子那么高,几乎够到天花板了。

Kate had so many falls that she was black and blue all over.凯特跌倒了好多次,摔得身体青一款紫一块。

9.give up 放弃

1). “动词+副词”代词做宾语,代词放中间。give it/them/him/her…up

2). give up doing it’s good for you to give up _________. 戒烟对你有好处。

10.I hurt myself playing soccer.

playing soccer 现在分词做伴随状语。表示动作同时发生。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。

. I stayed up late yesterday, _________ for a test. 昨天我为测验熬夜学习到很晚。

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