八年级英语上册阅读理解经典题型带答案(word)

八年级英语上册阅读理解经典题型带答案（word）

一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读理解

Many large cities in the United States have an area called Chinatown. It was set up by people who came from China. For example, Chinatown in San Francisco, California, began in 1848. The Chinese immigrants（移民） came to America to look for gold in the 1850s. Then the area they lived in later became known as Chinatown.

Chinatowns were also set up in cities in the western states like Oregon （俄勒冈州）and Washington D. C. during the 19th century. Many Chinese immigrants in these areas helped build the first railroad system across the United States. However, after the work ended, many Chinese moved to the eastern and middle parts of the United States.

Chinatowns can also be found in cities outside the United States. For example, the first Chinese immigrants arrived in London in the late 18th century. They were men who worked for the East India Company. Later, the Chinese immigrants opened small shops and restaurants there.

Today, many people visit Chinatowns. They have special Chinese gates and walking areas for visitors. Chinatowns around the world are not only places where Chinese people live and work, but also places where visitors can learn more about Chinese culture and traditions.

（1）Why did a large number of Chinese people go to America in the 1850s?

A. To build the railway.

B. To build Chinatowns.

C. To work for the East India Company.

D. To look for gold.

（2）Who helped to build the first railroad system across the United States?

A. Chinese immigrants.

B. Americans.

C. Indians.

D. The British.（3）According to the passage, when was the earliest Chinatown in Oregon set up?

A. In the middle of the 18th century.

B. During the 19th century.

C. In the 17th century.

D. In the 20th century.

（4）Why do visitors come to Chinatowns?

A. The food there is cheap.

B. They can learn about Chinese culture.

C. They want to know about the earliest immigrants from China.

D. They want to live there.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了唐人街的情况。

（1）细节题。根据 The Chinese immigrants（移民） came to America to look for gold in the 1850s.可知很多中国人在19世纪50年代到美国是为了寻找黄金。故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Many Chinese immigrants in these areas helped build the first railroad system across the United States. 可知很多中国移民帮助建造全美第一个铁路系统。故选A。（3）细节题。根据Chinatowns were also set up in cities in the western states like Oregon

（俄勒冈州） and Washington D. C. during the 19th century.可知俄勒冈州的唐人街被建在19世纪。故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Chinatowns around the world are not only places where Chinese people live and work, but also places where visitors can learn more about Chinese culture and traditions. 可知世界各地的唐人街也是游客可以更多地了解中国文化和传统的地方。故选B。

【点评】本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

2．根据材料内容，选择正确答案。

B

When you are learning English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. When you read, you can not only learn some new words, but also you can learn how to use these English words. When you read, it gives you a good example for writing.

Good reading tips:

Try to read at the right level（水平）. Read something that you can （more or less）understand. If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary, it is not interesting.

Try to increase the number of your new words. If there are four or five new words on a page, write them in your notebook. But you don't have to write them while you read. Instead, try to guess their meaning as you read: mark them with a pen. Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book. Then try to remember them.

Try to read regularly. For example, read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday. Fix（固定） a time to read and keep to it. You could read for fifteen minutes when you go to bed, or when you get up or at lunchtime.

Read what interests you. Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So, choose an interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China. For example, 21st Century Teens. It is easy enough for you to understand it. There is something interesting in it.

（1）If you meet a few new words on a page while reading, ________.

A. give up reading

B. guess the meaning at first

C. write them down at once

D. look them up in a dictionary at once

（2）Which of the following sentences is right?

A. Reading a lot can help you write better.

B. When you read, you can only learn some new words.

C. It is interesting for you to stop every three words to use a dictionary.

D. Try to read something that you can't understand to make your English better.

（3）To make your reading better, _________.

A. it's enough for you to read 21st Century Teens

B. only read a magazine about a subject that you like

C. you should read something that you like for a short time once a day at least

D. reading English every Sunday is much better than for a short time once a day

（4）The main purpose of the writing is to _________.

A. tell students what to read

B. tell students reading is very helpful

C. tell students when to read

D. give advice on how to make reading better

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍一些阅读的建议。

⑴细节理解。根据第二条建议If there are four or five new words……try to guess their meaning as……可知如果有少量生词，先猜词义，然后做标记，最后记下来。故选B。

⑵细节理解。根据第一段 When you read, it gives you a good example for writing.可知阅读可以帮助写作。故选A。

⑶细节理解。根据倒数第二段 read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday.可知每天读一会儿比每周日读两个小时好。故选C。

⑷作者意图。通读全文，根据第一段介绍和文章的结构可知本文给有效阅读提供一些建议。故选D。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Hiroyuki's bed will solve your problem! Here is how it works.

The bed is connected to an alarm clock. First, the alarm clock rings. You have a few minutes to wake up. Next, a tape recorder in the bed plays soft music. The tape recorder in Hiroyuki's bed plays a recording of his girlfriend. She whispers in a sweet voice, “Wake up, darling, please.” A few minutes later, Hiroyuki hears a recording of his boss. His boss shouts, “G et up at once, or you'll be late!”

If you don't get up after the second recording, a mechanical “foot” in the bed will kick you on the head. The bed waits a few more minutes. What! You're still in bed! Slowly the top of the bed rises higher and higher. The foot of the bed goes lower and lower. Finally you slide off the bed and onto the floor. You are out of bed and awake!

Hiroyuki's bed is not in stores. There is only one bed－the bed Hiroyuki made for a contest.

Maybe someday a company will make Hiroyuki's bed and sell it in stores. Maybe people will buy millions of beds. Then Hiroyuki will be rich. If the bed makes Hiroyuki rich, he won't need to go to work and he won't need to get up early!

（1）The bed is useful to the people .

A. who can't sleep well

B. who can't get up early

C. who go to bed early

D. who go to bed late

（2）The bed is not connected to .

A. an alarm clock

B. a tape recorder

C. a TV

D. a mechanical foot （3）What will finally happen to Hiroyuki if he doesn't get up?

A. He will slide onto the floor.

B. A tape recorder will play a recording of his boss.

C. A mechanical foot will kick him on the head.

D. The bed will rise higher and higher.

（4）Which of the following is true?

A. Hiroyuki's company has made such beds.

B. Hiroyuki's bed is the only one made for a contest.

C. Hiroyuki has made a lot of money.

D. Hiroyuki needn't get up early now.

（5）The underlined word “whispers” in the second paragraph means “”.

A. speaks loudly

B. speaks sadly

C. speaks angrily

D. speaks quietly

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】

（1）推理判断。根据第一段 Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Hiroyuki's bed will solve your problem!可知此床是专门为那些早起困难的人设计的。故答案为B。

（2）细节理解。通读短文, 由第二段第一句The bed is connected to an alarm clock可知床与闹钟相连；由Next, a tape recorder in the bed plays soft music可知床与录音机相连；由a mechanical “foot” in the bed will kick you on the head可知床与机器脚相连。所以可得出结论：床上未连接电视。故答案为C。

（3）细节理解。根据第三自然段的Finally you slide off the bed and onto the floor可知最后你会溜下床站到地上。故答案为A。

（4）细节理解。根据最后一段There is only one bed—the bed Hiroyuki made for a contest.可知这个床是Hiroyuki 为参加竞赛而制作的，故答案为B。

（5）词义猜测。根据上一句可知一开始Hiroyuki床播放你女朋友的录音，可知该句句意为：她用甜美的声音低声说。故推知whisper意为“低声地说”,与D项意思相近。故答案为D。

【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。

4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In April，2018，Teen World Magazine asked students to take a survey about how pets play a part in their lives Over 6, 400 teenagers looked through survey on our website and 371 students took part in it and fully completed the survey.

Here are some of the results.

91％of students have a pet The types of pets are different.

My Family Was Against Owning a Pet was the#1 mason（34％）of Why students did not own an animal Other top reasons are allergies（过敏）and pets cost too much money.

89.5％of students support animal rights.

67％of teens like dogs better than cats.

66 of young people report that a pet's death is the hardest thing about owning an animal，other hard things like day-to-care，the cost or other reasons.

To see all the results，you can go to our website to download the full survey report.

（1）What's the survey about?

A. What kind of pets students had.

B. How pets play a part in students' lives.

C. How much pets cost.

D. Why students had pets.

（2）Which of the following is not the reason why students did not have a pet?

A. Pets cost too much.

B. Pets owners felt not well.

C. Family members didn't agree to keep pets.

D. Pets needed day-to-day care.

（3）According to the chart of Question 5, which was the least popular pet?

A. Snake.

B. Cat.

C. Horse.

D. Dog.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了世界杂志询问学生宠物怎样在生活中起作用的调查结果。

（1）细节题，根据In April，2018，Teen World Magazine asked students to take a survey about how pets play a part in their lives可知主要讲了世界杂志询问学生宠物怎样在生活中起作用的调查结果。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据66 of young people report that a pet's death is the hardest thing about owning an animal， other hard things like day-to-care，the cost or other reasons.可知困难的事情是每天都要照顾或者花费大，而不是原因，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据图表可知蛇是最不受欢迎的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。

You may have heard of the Grinch. He once stole（偷）Christmas. You may have read the popular book How The Grinch Stole Christmas by Dr. Seuss But Have you ever seen him in the movie? Now there is a new movie this month. It is called The Grinch.

The Grinch is a green, furry creature He lives on a mountain above the Who-village. The Whos live there. The Whos are happy people. That makes tile Grinch angry. It makes him the most angry at Christmas time. The Grinch has an idea. He will steal Christmas! His dog Max will help. The Grinch is a beautiful movie. The movie is quite similar to the book. The writer added some backstory to the film to show us what happened to the characters in the past. The Grinch was an orphan（孤儿）. When he was a child, he felt tile Whos didn't like him. He has been angry all his life. Christmas is the worst time. That's why he feels so angry when he sees the Whos enjoying Christmas. He wants them to feel what he feels.

Miss Cindy Lou Who has a Christmas wish. She needs to talk to Father Christmas about it. Her mom works very hard all day and all night. She wants her mom to have a rest.

The Grinch is about true spirit of the holidays. It is about love and kindness winning out over everything else. The Grinch gets to know he can't steal Christmas because it is not a thing.

（1）Where does the Grinch live?

A. In a village.

B. On a mountain.

C. In a Christmas tree.

D. In a street.（2）According to the Grinch, which of the following is NOT true?

A. The Grinch decided to steal Christmas because he wanted the Whos to be angry.

B. Miss Cindy Lou Who's wish is that she wants her mom to have a rest on Christmas.

C. The Grinch had an unhappy life when he was a child.

D. The Whos won't have a happy Christmas.

（3）What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer（指代）to?

A. The spirit of the holidays.

B. Christmas.

C. The Grinch.

D. Love and kindness.（4）What type is the passage?

A. A movie story.

B. A movie review.

C. A movie instruction.

D. A movie advertisement.【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了电影《圣诞怪杰》的评论。

（1）细节题。根据He lives on a mountain可知他住在山上，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据That's why he feels so angry when he sees the Whos enjoying Christmas.可知Whos圣诞节玩得高兴，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据前句he can't steal Christmas可知他不能偷取圣诞节的原因是圣诞节不是物品，所以it代指圣诞节，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了影评，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

Sam,

Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you. But I'm afraid I can't. I have a piano lesson on Tuesday. Maybe another time.

Nancy

Sandy,

Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day. It's very kind of you. I hope you have a happy birthday party. Nancy

Lucy,

Thanks a lot for your invitation. I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my things ready for traveling. How about coming to my house with Lily？My mother cooks fish very well. I think you'll like it. I hope to see you before I'm leaving.

Nancy

Rose,

Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？All of our good friends will come. Nancy

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five

（2）Nancy will go to New York on________.

A. Tuesday

B. Thursday

C. Friday

D. Wednesday

（3）What does Nancy have to do on Thursday?

A. Get her things ready for traveling.

B. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily.

C. Play soccer with Sam.

D. Go to a birthday party.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】这是是Nany写的四封信。分别是感谢和邀请。

（1）细节题，根据第一封信，第二封信和第三封信都是邀请，故选B。

（2）细节题，根据Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.可知她周五要去纽约，故选C。

（3）细节题，根据 I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my things ready for traveling.可知周四她要为旅游准备好东西，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型，细节题需要在文中寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

A healthy eating habit along with enough exercise can help you keep healthy. When you are young, it is important to give your body what it needs, If you skip meals, you can't get enough calories（卡路里）. And then you may feel tired. By the way, the calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water can make your body work better and make you healthy.

Exercise can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. It is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and play sports at school. However, kids often give up sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their lessons.

If you follow the advice above, you will look and feel much better and become healthier.

（1）The underlined word "skip" means "_____" in Chinese.

A. 询问

B. 略过

C. 阻止

D. 转移

（2）According to the scientists, kids should spend at least minutes exercising every week.

A. 30

B. 50

C. 100

D. 150

（3）Why do many kids give up sports according to the passage?

A. Because they are too lazy to exercise.

B. Because they feel great after giving up sports.

C. Because they are busy with their studies.

D. Because they don't like playing sports at all.

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. About 80% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit.

B. You need to drink three to four glasses of water every day to keep healthy.

C. Students should exercise at least twice a week to keep healthy and happy.

D. Doing exercise can help kids sleep better and do better in their lessons.

（5）What's the main idea of this passage?

A. How to eat healthily.

B. How to exercise.

C. How to look thinner.

D. How to keep healthy.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样保持健康。

（1）推断题。根据you can't get enough calories（卡路里）.你不能得到足够的卡路里，所

以是不吃饭，所以skip意思是略过，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week.可知科学家说孩子们应该一天至少锻炼30分钟，一周5次，所以一周150分钟，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据However, kids often give up sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework.可知孩子们经常放弃运动，说做完作业后没有剩下的时间来运动，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their lessons.可知运动可以帮助孩子们更好地睡觉和更好学习，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了怎样保持健康。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

The Ant Bully

Actors: Julia Roberts （Voice）, Nicolas Cage （Voice）

Language: English

Running time: 1 hour 25 minutes

Price: Weekdays——＄30 ＄15 （Children Under 7）

Weekends——＄40 ＄20 （Children Under 7）

I really enjoyed this movie. It's a fun movie for the whole family. I had really good laughs and enjoyed being there.

——James I would recommend（推荐）this movie to everyone. Whether you go with family or friends, I think this movie has something you will really enjoy!

——Sam I've seen several movies of this kind, but this one is the best. It is so well made——some of the scenes are so beautiful.

——John I went to see this movie with my 6-year-old daughter this Tuesday, really without knowing too much about it. My daughter and I were surprised at how funny it was. We just couldn't help laughing. I would recommend this movie to the whole family.

——Mary （1）From the poster（海报）, we can tell that is spoken in the movie.

A. Chinese

B. English

C. Japanese

D. French

（2）John likes the movie because of .

A. the funny actors

B. the wonderful music

C. the sweet voices

D. the beautiful scenes （3）Mary and her daughter spent watching the movie.

A. $30

B. $40

C. $45

D. $60

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了电影《 The Ant Bully 》及人们对它的评价。

（1）细节题。根据Language: English可知电影语言是英语，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据It is so well made——some of the scenes are so beautiful.可知John认为一些景色是漂亮的，所以他喜欢这部电影，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Price: Weekdays——＄30 ＄15 （Children Under 7）可知工作日时票价是成人30美元，7岁以下孩子是15美元，所以玛丽和女儿的票价是30+15=45美元，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．根据短文内容完成下列任务。

Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his life, he might write about them in his diary. Now a teenager might surf the Internet and write about his problems in his blog. In some ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. What makes a blog different from a diary?

___________1 I have a younger sister. Sometimes I read her blog. She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry exam. When I was her age, I wrote the same things, but only in my diary. After I finished writing, I would hide （藏）my diary in a secret place because I was worried that someone else might read it！

Blogs have good points, of course. If I feel lonely and write “Nobody cares about me" in my diary, no one will know about it. However, if my sister writes the same words in her blog, her friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her. The blog helps people keep in contact （联系）with their friends.

A blog is public so it has some bad points.

___________2 If I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about him in my diary, he will never know. However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and cry.

___________3

If people are careful, writing the blog is really a good way to communicate with others. However, I still enjoy my diary!

（1）将下面的句子还原到文中空缺处。

A. So we must be very careful to write.

B. The biggest problem is that anyone can read what you write.

C. The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary.

________ ________ ________

（2）The underlined word "sec ret" means “___________” in Chinese.

A. 公开的

B. 黑暗的

C. 隐秘的

D. 有趣的（3）What may happen if a girl writes that nobody cares about her in her blog?

________

【答案】（1）C

；B

；A

（2）C

（3）Her friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her。

【解析】【分析】

（1）①根据上下文，可知此处是讲博客和日记不同之处，故选C。

②根据上下文，此处是讲博客公开性导致的缺点之一：人人可知你所写的内容。故选B。

③根据上下文，此处应该是发出号召：我们在博客上写日子要谨慎。故选A。

（2）根据上下文，特别是“hide （藏）my diary”。可推知答案，故选C。

（3）根据文中“However, if my sister writes the same words in her blog, her friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her. The blog helps people keep in contact （联系）with their friends.”可推知答案。

10．阅读理解

7-year-old Tom likes cartoons very much. When the cartoons begin on TV, he does nothing until they're over. Sometimes he waits for a long time and goes to bed late. In the morning his mother has to wake him up, or he'll be late for school.

Yesterday Tom heard there would be an interesting cartoon today. This morning, as soon as he got up, he turned on the television, but he didn't see the programme on it. He had to have breakfast and then go to school. After school he ran home while his mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen. He hurried to the sitting room and turned on the television again, but he couldn't find the cartoon. He rushed into the kitchen and asked his mother for help.

"It's only ten to twelve now," said the woman," your programme will start after dinner." "Well, let's have dinner right now!"

（1）Tom goes to bed late sometimes, so ___________ next morning.

A. his mother has to wake him up

B. he goes to school by bus

C. he can get up

D. he has no time for breakfast

（2）Tom spends much time ___________ when he's free.

A. playing football

B. watching football matches

C. doing his homework

D. watching cartoons on TV

（3）Why did Tom turn on the television after getting up this morning?

A. Because he thought he had some time left.

B. Because he didn't know when the cartoon would begin.

C. Because he wanted to know the important news.

D. Because he hoped to watch a game show on TV.

（4）Why did Tom run home after school?

A. Because he was afraid to miss the cartoon.

B. Because he was afraid to miss the last bus.

C. Because he was afraid he would be hungry.

D. Because he was afraid he couldn't finish homework.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：7岁的汤姆非常喜欢卡通。有时为了看动画片他会等很长时间，睡得很晚。早上他妈妈必须叫醒他，否则他上学就要迟到了。昨天汤姆听说今天会有一部有趣的动画片。今天早上，他一起床就打开了电视，但没有看到节目。他不得不吃早饭然后去上学。放学后，当他妈妈在厨房做饭时，他跑回了家。他匆匆赶到客厅，又打开了电视，但还是找不到那部动画片。他冲进厨房，向母亲求助。“现在只有十点到十二点了，”那个女人说，“你的节目会在晚饭后开始的。”“好吧，我们现在吃饭吧！”

（1）细节理解题，根据Sometimes he waits for a long time and goes to bed late. In the morning his mother has to wake him up可知，妈妈早晨不得不把他喊醒，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据7-year-old Tom likes cartoons very much. When the cartoons begin on TV, he does nothing until they're over可知他花费了大量的时间看动画片，故答案是D。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据your programme will start after dinner.可知，他不知道他喜欢的动画片啥时候开始，故答案是B。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据He hurried to the sitting room and turned on the television again, but he couldn't find the cartoon可知他匆匆忙忙跑回家时怕错过了动画片，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、文章出处题，数字计算题、词义猜测题、正误判断题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；数字计算题需要根据文中的数字进行简单地计算；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；正误判断题属于细节理解题

的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B

Ladies and gentlemen, I returned to this year in a time machine. In the year 2500, we are able to travel through time to any year in the history of the earth. This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the earth.

Beginning in the middle of the 20th century, a few people were worried about polluting the earth's water and air, but most people did not change their way of life. Instead, they continued to pour（倒） dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and seas, to drive more and more cars and trucks, and to cut down trees.

By the year 2200, the earth's water was completely polluted. Scientists said that in the future there might be too many people on the earth. People could no longer drink water, and they had to use other types of liquids（液体）.

So, by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. There was no water to grow food and all of the fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution Terrier wars（战争） broke out between the rich and the poor. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live on.

By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave earth but only the rich were able to leave. Where did we go? Nowhere. And everywhere. You see scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe in our space ships. We are still looking for a place to call our home.

So, it is up to you to change history. There is still hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.

（1）Which problem is not talked about in Paragraph 2?

A. Water.

B. Air.

C. Lifestyle.

D. Food

（2）What's the meaning of 'scarce' in Paragraph 4 in Chinese?

A. 昂贵的

B. 充足的

C. 缺乏的

D. 特殊的（3）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Only a few people changed their lifestyle in the 20th century.

B. There wasn't enough water for people to drink by the year 2200.

C. All the animals died because of pollution by the year 2300.

D. We found a new home in another planet by the year 2400.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要以拟人的手法讲述了环境污染的严重事实，作者通过时间隧道从2500年穿越回到了20到25世纪的不同时代，并描述了各个不同时代的污染的严重性，提醒人类保护环境，爱护人类自己。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文第二段a few people were worried about polluting the earth's water and air, but most people did not change their way of life.内容可知，本段主要涉及到了空气质量、水资源和人类的生活方式，唯独没有提到食物方面的问题，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据本句内容So by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. 可知，本句中包含一短语so...that...，意为截止到2300年，地球上的人类是如此之多以致于食物变得太少。再加上下一句There was no water to grow food，可知食物应该是不够人类吃的，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据短文第二段but most people did not change their way of life.可知，A 选项表述正确；第三段By the year 2200, the earth's water was completely polluted. People could no longer drink water,可知，B项的描述也是正确的；第四段all of the fish in lakes and seas died because of pollution. 可知C项内容正确；倒数第二段内容说到了2400年，只有富人才有机会离开不适宜人类生存的地球，但是也没有可以适宜人类其他星球供人类居住，可知D项内容不正确；故选D。

【点评】本文是科普环保类短语阅读。阅读能力是中学生学习英语应具备的一种基本能力。学习英语的一个重要目的在于获取信息。通过阅读这一重要手段，我们可以大量地获取知识，拓展知识面，还可以增强语感，培养敏捷的思维能力。

12．阅读理解

Here is something about an American high school and its students.

An American high school has a few large buildings and it's big enough for about 1,500 students. Each student has a locker（储物柜）in the hallway. When they are at school, they take their textbooks and outdoor clothes out. Because American textbooks are expensive, the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.

American students usually take a yellow school bus to school. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they are 16, most of them take a free driving class at school. Then they can drive by themselves to school.

Each day, students must take Science, Maths and English classes. They can also choose Art.

Fashion and other classes. They usually go to different classrooms for different subjects because the teachers have their own classrooms.

The school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school, more than half of the students take part in after-school activities such as sports and join some school clubs.

（1）Where is the locker of a student?

A. At home.

B. In the hallway.

C. In the bedroom,

D. In the school library.（2）What does the underlined word "loan" mean in English?

A. buy

B. push

C. follow

D. lend

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about American high school students?

A. They have all the classes in the same classroom.

B. Students must pay for textbooks borrowed from the school libraries if they lose them.

C. A small number of them love after school activities.

D. All of them take a school bus to school every day.

（4）The passage mainly talks about _______.

A. an American high school

B. school clubs

C. after-class activities

D. education in America

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述美国一所高中的一些事情，美国高中有一些大的足够容纳1500学生的建筑物，美国学生有一个储物柜，学校有校车，学生年满16岁会上免费开车课程，他们在不同的班上不同的课。

（1）细节题。根据Each student has a locker（储物柜）in the hallway.可知，储物柜放在走廊里，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.可知，学校图书馆通知会把课本借给学生。但是他们丢失了课本必须赔偿，可推出loan的意思是借，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据the school libraries usually loan them to students. But they must pay for them if they lose them.可知，如果学生丢失了从图书馆借的课本，他们必须赔偿，故选B。（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述美国一所高中的一些事情，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项。

Studies have shown that a good night's rest helps us stay healthy. Researchers say sleep is probably the best tool we have for memory and learning.

"Getting a good night's sleep is important for the learning and memory process. It's important because it stores（储存）the training and learning exercises into our memory forever while we're sleeping 7-8 hours in bed. And then the next morning when we wake up, our mind is better prepared to act on that information," Twery, an expert on the science of sleep said.

But what about getting rest during the middle of the day? Past studies have shown that napping can help babies and young children learn better. In fact, napping can help older adults with their brain performance and may also help this group of people fight off age-related（年龄相关） memory loss.

The researchers studied 3, 000 people and found that those who took an hour-long nap did

much better on mental（智力的）tests. The hour-long nappers also did better on the tests than those who napped for shorter and longer periods. But researchers note that these findings are for those over 65, and for young, healthy adults, an hour-long nap may be too long.

"At present, we're suggesting that we try to nap for about 30 minutes or less. Thirty minutes is enough to remove（消除） the pressure and will help us feel more awake. If we nap longer, we will get trapped into（陷入） the deep sleep, which can be hard to get out of, "Twery said. This feeling is called sleep inertia（迟钝）—the period when you awake from a very deep sleep. For a time, you are unable to think clearly.

（1）From Paragraph 1, a good night's sleep ________.

A. is usually 7-8 hours

B. makes people become smarter

C. makes people wake up early in the morning

D. helps with people's learning and memory

（2）The underlined word "napping" in Paragraph 3 means "________".

A. a short sleep during the day

B. a good sleep during the day

C. a deep sleep at night

D. a long sleep at night

（3）What does the result of the study show?

A. The time of napping should be controlled

B. The hour-long nappers are much smarter.

C. Young adults need more napping time.

D. The deeper you sleep, the longer you'll sleep.

（4）What is the passage mainly about?

A. How does napping influence people's health?

B. Napping may improve learning and memory.

C. The importance of having a good night's sleep.

D. How long should people take a nap during the day?

（5）In which part of a newspaper can we find the passage?

A. NATURE

B. SPORTS

C. HEALTH

D. CULTURE

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：睡眠可能是我们记忆和学习的最佳工具。但是白天打盹有助于提高学习和记忆能力。

（1）细节题。根据 sleep is probably the best tool we have for memory and learning. 可知好好睡一觉对记忆和学习有帮助。故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 But what about getting rest during the middle of the day? Past studies

have shown that napping can help babies and young children learn better. 过去的研究表明，小睡有助于婴儿和幼儿更好地学习。可猜测出napping是白天短时间的睡眠。故选A。

（3）细节题。根据 The researchers studied 3, 000 people and found that those who took an hour-long nap did much better on mental（智力的）tests. The hour-long nappers also did better on the tests than those who napped for shorter and longer periods. But researchers note that these findings are for those over 65, and for young, healthy adults, an hour-long nap may be too long. 可知，打盹的时间应该控制。故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，睡眠可能是我们记忆和学习的最佳工具。但是白天打盹有助于提高学习和记忆能力。故选B。

（5）推断题。根据文章主要介绍打盹的好处，属于健康方面。这篇文章来自于健康内容，A 自然，B 运动，C 健康，D 文化，故选C。

【点评】本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，根据上文意思，猜测出词义；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.

Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.

Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers or sisters, The scientists said that these children were often bullied （欺负）by their elder brothers or sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers or sisters might be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to earn the same social skills as children from big families.

You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and the Israeli have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame（责备）themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true, Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel freedom of opinions and risk-taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.

For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness, suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one.

（1）What is the passage mainly about?

A. Happiness.

B. Shyness.

C. Kindness.

D. Loneliness.

（2）What does the underlined word "genetic" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Passed down from parents.

B. Learned from friends

C. Taught by teachers.

D. Made by brothers

（3）What can be learned from the passage?

A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.

B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.

C. Many shy children have elder brothers or sisters.

D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.

（4）We can learn from the passage that _______ may cause shyness.

A. genes, grown-ups and birthplace

B. genes, family size and birthplace

C. family size, grown-ups and failure

D. genes, family size and freedom

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们为什么是害羞的。

（1）主旨题。根据Now scientists are trying to understand shyness可知主要讲了为什么害羞，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据前句Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents.可知害羞的孩子通常有害羞的父母，即害羞是遗传的，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers or sisters可知科学家发现害羞孩子中的66%的孩子有哥哥或者姐姐，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well.You may also be shy because of where you were born.可知遗传、家庭规模和出生地都可以影响害羞，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

Who is your hero（偶像）? Why do you like the person? Cool looks? Money? A lot of talent （才华）?

Shanghai teenagers say they look for more than that. Most of them say their heroes are

hardworking and brave.

The NBA star Yao Ming is the No. 1 Chinese hero with 48 per cent of all votes（投票）. Zheng Hua, a 13-year-old boy from Shanghai, said," It is hard for him to play basketball in the NBA. He's a big star. Most of us think he is still kind and loves others after he becomes a famous star. He also helps disabled（残疾的）children."

Jay Zhou from Taiwan is one of the teen's favourite stars. Liu Yan from a high school of Shanghai is one of Jay's big fans. In her sight, Jay is not just a pop star." Jay's so kind to his mother and grandma. He takes good care of them," said Liu Yan.

Wang Hao, from a high school of Guangdong, said he liked Zhou Enlai."He's great. He loved his people. He saw the people as his own children. And he never thought he was different from others."

Shanghai students also like American businessman Bill Gates. Many teenagers consider him as their hero. One teenager from Beijing who likes Bill Gates said," Bill Gates works hard. And he doesn't like to tell everyone how rich he is. He also has courage. He left school to start his own business."

（1）Most of the teenagers think their heroes must be ___________.

A. hard-working and brave

B. rich and good-looking

C. talented and good-looking

D. brave and talented

（2）Teenagers like Yao Ming because ___________ after he becomes a famous star.

A. he is kind and brave

B. he is kind and loves others

C. he has talent in playing basketball

D. he is brave and tall

（3）Wang Hao loves Zhou Enlai because ___________.

A. he was a great leader

B. he was kind to the people

C. he was different from others

D. he loves reading

（4）Teenagers see Bill Gates as their hero because ___________.

A. he works hard and becomes very rich

B. he has courage and has a big company

C. he works hard and he has courage

D. he left school and later became famous

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意:大家对偶像的看法不同，上海大多数青少年认为偶像应该勤奋、勇敢且有爱心。

（1）细节题。根据 Most of them say their heroes are hardworking and brave.可知，大多数青少年认为他们的偶像必须又勤奋又勇敢，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 Most of us think he is still kind and loves others after he becomes a famous star.可知，青少年喜欢姚明因为他成为明星后仍然善良并且爱他人，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 He's great. He loved his people. He saw the people as his own children.可知，Wang Hao爱周恩来，因为周恩来对他的人民好，故选B。

（4）根据Bill Gates works hard. He also has courage 可知，年轻人喜欢比尔盖茨，因为他工作努力而且有胆识，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。

16．阅读理解

Green tea is a best choice for office workers

People who always work in places with air conditioners may face skin problems such as easily dry skin. Among all the drinks, green tea is a best choice because there are special things in green tea. Moreover, drinking some green tea can prevent computer radiation（辐射）.

Winter is the season to drink black tea

Chinese medicine believes that different people should drink different tea based on the different characteristics and tastes of each kind of tea. Black tea can warm the stomach and quicken digestion（消化）. Therefore, drinking warm black tea in the cold winter is a most suitable choice.

Do not drink strong tea

Strong tea may make the body far too excited and can badly affect the cardiovascular（心血管的）system as well as the nervous system. For a person who has problems with these parts, drinking overly strong tea may cause heart and blood pressure illnesses, or even make the old illnesses much worse.

Do not drink too much tea when you are eating

Drinking too much tea or strong tea may not be good for taking in constant elements and trace elements（常量元素和微量元素）.Also, people should not drink tea with milk or other milky food.

（1）We can read this article in _______.

A. Life and Health

B. Animal World

C. Fashion Times

D. Sports and Health （2）If you always work with the computer, what kind of tea should you drink?

A. Black tea.

B. Green tea.

C. Strong tea.

D. Hot tea.

（3）Too much strong tea may cause _______.

A. headache

B. heart disease

C. skin problems

D. stomachache

（4）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. If you have a stomachache, you should drink black tea.

B. When we choose tea, we should know the characteristics and tastes of each kind of tea.

C. Strong tea may make the body far too excited.

初二英语阅读理解题

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