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专四作文讲义精要

大作文

1，作文基本框架：

开头段落3-4句

中间段落结构：观点句1+paraphrase+例证

观点句2+paraphrase+例证

观点句3+paraphrase+例证

结尾段落：结尾客套句 + 结尾总结句 + 结尾延伸句

2，各部分框架常用模板：

开头段：现象引入句 + 他人观点对比句 + 自己主题句

句型总结：

1 引入句：

Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that…

When asked about …

Recently, there is a general debate on whether…

Should …? Opinions to this attitude vary greatly from person to person. There is no denying the fact that…

The 年代 saw an unprecedented tide of ….

The 年代 saw a hearted/ great/ considerable tide/ trend/ change/ promotion/ occurrence of …. 考研，出国，公务员热rush

As more people focus on … sth has begun to draw more and more attention from the public.

In recent years, …… This phenomenon has become a subject of widespread controversy.

2 他人观点对比句：

The majority of people believe that… while others regard that…

A number people claim that… while some others argue that…

3 表明自己立场句：

Weighing up these two arguments, I am in favor of…

For my part,…

As for me,… I am in favor of the view that…

Personally,…

中间段落发展句型：

1 阐释原因句型：

现象原因组合句：

The latest surveys indicate that …. There are several reasons accounting for this occurrence. For one thing,….. For another,…. In addition, ….

单独解释原因句：

….. for the simplest reason that …=because

Due to ….

2 引出理由或者论据句:

The reasons for my views mainly lie in the following … aspects.

There exist certain factors accounting for my views.

3 举例论证说明句：

There are numerous examples supporting this argument.

,,, is a typical example of…

A good case in point is …

A good example to illustrate is….

For another example, …..

插入语：,say， ,however, ,therefore, 放在主谓之间

虚拟语气：It is adj. that… / It is time that…

非谓语：People vote for it, saying that…/ People frown at it, arguing that…

4 说明好处或影响

4.1 引出好处或影响：

Undoubtedly, … can benefit a lot from

No doubt, … have brought us great convenience and pleasure.

It is obvious that …. is favorable to…

4.2 列举好处或影响：

It provides more people with….

It/They broaden… and cultivate their….

Moreover, … tends to bring some unexpected surprise, such as…Besides, it helps strengthen… and enhance…

5 说明危害

5.1 引出危害：

…have brought about considerable negative effects on…

… bring great harm to…

However, the use of … is extremely harmful in many ways.

… are likely to lead to very serious results.

It suffers from the disadvantage that…

5.2 列举危害：

… puts a heaven burden on…

… too much, which is unfavorable to…

… which might mislead…

… which brings more difficulties for…

… not only work against other interests but also does harm to himself.

Even worse, … might lose control of…

… have killed …, destroyed…., and wiped out ….抹杀、、、的努力

If ….., … will suffer great losses and might lose… , which in turn influence….

… are so indulged in… that….

… are so addicted to…. That

结尾段落句型

结尾客套句 + 结尾总结句 + 结尾延伸句

结尾客套句：

From what has been discussed above，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that….

Taking into account all these factors，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that….

Judging from all evidence offered，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that….

结尾总结句：

对首段结尾主题句的paraphrase

(略)

结尾延伸句：

1 说明方法或者建议句：

1.1 引出方法

But then how to….

The following measures can be taken to ….

Therefore, it’s high time that we took effective measures to …Considering the seriousness of the problem,it is necessary that we college students….

1.2 具体阐述方法和建议

First, ….. should…., which is the precondition of….

Second, …. is an effective way to…..

In addition, … is indispensable to…

Besides, more…. should be trained and more…. should be built up so as to….

To… is not an easy task. And it requires the concerted efforts of all…. There is no immediate solution to the problem of…. But …might be quite helpful and beneficial.

No easy method can solve the problem of….in short time. But the …. might be the first step on the right way.

2 警示句：

If we ignore the problem, it is very likely that…

No doubt, if we can’t change/control/improve the situation, there is every chance that ….

We must search for a quick action, because the current situation of …, if permitted to continue, will surely lead to the end/heavy cost of…Therefore, … is not a necessity, but a must.

便条

1 熟记格式和扣分点

日期写法：

? 月份写法：除五、六、七月外，均可用简写：

? Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., May, June, July, Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.

? 日期最一般的写法是：

? “月，日（基数），年

? 例Dec. 15, 2003

? 若有星期则加在最前面

称呼写法：

? 对一定社会距离，不熟悉的人：

? Dear Madam, Dear Sir, Dear President, Dear Mr. Smith

? 对相识的人：

? Dear Shirley

结尾客套语：

? 和正文隔开1-2行

? 位置偏右

? 后加逗号

? 礼貌程度：

? 正式的：Faithfully yours, Truly yours,

? 一般情况： Yours,

卷面布局：

? 向右靠：时间，结尾客套语，署名

? 向左靠：称呼

? 中心：建议段首空四个字符，两端对齐

? 结尾客套语和署名不能写在同一行

2 各个应用功能

2.1邀请，拒绝，建议，

2.2祝贺，安慰，询问

2.3道歉，致谢，请求

2.4通知，广告，启事

2.5请假，留言，推荐

练习原则：熟练把握每种便条的固定内容和句型。不犯低级拼写错误和语法失误。

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