of whom和of which用法归纳

of whom和of which用法归纳

1. of表示同位关系：即用于在A+of+B结构，其中的A和B为同位关系。如：

Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。

We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.

我们已经测试过300种靴子，没有一种是完全防水的。

2. of表示整体与部分的关系：即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。如：

He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a c limb. 他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的

人们，其中有几个人是大学生。

3. of表示所属关系：即of用于构成所有格。如：

He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。

The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏

的房子现在已经修好了。

4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配：即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。如：

He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚，你可能听说过这个人。(介词of与动词hear构成固定搭配，意为“听说”)

注意：介词of后面除接关系代词which, whom外，有时也可能是whose。如：

She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊，它的两只眼睛都丢了。

表示部分与整体of which/whom

在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which/whom或者of

which/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。

Our school has 80 teachers, 50 of whom (=of whom 50) are women. 我校有80个教师，其中50个是女的。

He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有许多书，其中大部分是书。

注意：这里的of which不能用whose代替，这与表示所属关系的of which不同：

The room the door of which (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的。

英语定语从句的3个重要概念：

1. 定义：用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句。如：

The man you talked about is our headmaster. 你们刚才所谈论的那个人是我们的校长

This is the bike my father gave me as my birthday present. 这是我父亲送给我作为生日礼物的单车。

The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year. 那棵叶子红色的树是去年栽的

2. 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词就叫做先行词，它一般是由名词、代词或句子充当。如：

The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old. 在舞台上唱歌的那个男孩今年才九岁。(现行词是名词)

Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group. 任何愿意帮助他人的人都欢迎来参加我们的组织。(现行词是代词)

His mother is out of danger, which excites their family very much. 他母亲脱离了危险，这件事情使他们家兴奋不已。(现行词是句子)

3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词就叫做关系词。根据关系词的用法不同，关系词又分关系代词和关系副词，其中关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but等，关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词既起连接先行词与定语从句的作用，又做从句中的某个句子成分。如：

Li Lei is one of the students who are working very hard. 李蕾是一个学习非常努力的学生。(引导词who)

There is nobody but knows you here. 这儿没有不认识你的人。(引导词but)

He led us to a place where we have never been before. 他把我们带到了我们以前从未去过的地方。(引导词where)

of whom/which引导的定语从句：

在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of which。

一、表示整体中的部分

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。

I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。

There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。

The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。

二、表示所属关系

He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。

句中的the name of which=whose name。

It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。

句中的the details of which=whose details。

在中，表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority 等。

Our school has 80 teachers, 50 (=of whom 50) are women. 我校有80个教师，其中50个是女的。

He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有许多书，其中大部分是英语书。

注意：这里的不能用whose代替，这与表示所属关系的of which不同：

The room the door (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的

在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of which。

一、表示整体中的部分

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。

I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。

There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。

The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。

二、表示所属关系

He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。

句中的the name of which=whose name。

It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。

句中的the details of which=whose details。

一、用法说明介词+whom只能指人；介词+ which只能指物。如：Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧，汤姆来啦，我等他等了一个小时。Last Saturday evening, I went to Wu Dong s birt

一、用法说明

介词+whom只能指人；介词+ which只能指物。如：

Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧，汤姆来啦，我等他等了一个小时。

Last Saturday evening, I went to Wu Dong’s birthday party, in which I met a foreig ner named Jim. 上周星期六的晚上我去参加了吴东的生日聚会，在会上我会到了一个叫吉姆的外国人。

She came into the house, on whose wall there was a portrait of Einstein. 她进入了房间，房子的墙壁上有一张爱因斯坦的画像。

二、注意事项

(1)有时，前面的介词可移到定语从句的中间或后面，此时whom可用who, that代替；which可以用that代替。而且who, whom, which, that都可省略。如：

The man with whom you talked just now is our manager. —The man who you talke d with just now is our manager. 你刚才与他谈话的那个人就是我们的经理。

He handed me a pen, with which I wrote down my address for him. —He handed m e a pen, which I wrote down my address with for him. 他递给我一支钢笔，我就用那支钢笔给他写下了我的地址。

(2)当先行词是时间、地点、原因从句时，介词+ which一般在定语从句中分别做时间、地点、原因状语，于是介词+ which可以分别用when, where, why代替。但若介词+ which 不是作时间、地点、原因状语，则不能用when, where, why代替。如：

Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I have made several friends. —Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I have made several friends. 上周我参观了上海，在那儿我叫上几个朋友。

I will remember the day forever on which I won the first place in the contest. —I will remember the day forever when I won the first place in the contest. 我将永远记住我在竞赛中获得第一名的那一天。

三、介词的选用

介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词往往受上下文的约束，究竟使用哪个介词时得从下面几方面来进行考虑。

(1)从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。如：

In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前

有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。(在树上一般用介词in)

(2)从定语从句中的动词、形容词对介词的习惯要求出发。如：(from www.yygrammar. com)

The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑使深圳造的。( pay 与for搭配)

(3) 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发。如：

Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你认识跟那个男谈话的

女孩吗？(talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词一起决定)

(4)复合介词+关系代词。如：

Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our o ffice building. 沿着条路走，在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑，那就是我们的办公大楼。

(5)名词+介词+ 关系代词。如：

He has three children, one of whose children is studying abroad now. 他又三个小孩，其中一个在国外读书。

注意：当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，介词不能放到关系代词之前。如：

She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma. 就不能写成：She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma. 因为，look after 是不可分开的固定短语。

介词+关系代词（转载）

定语从句是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法之一，也是高考题的命题热点所在，其中定语从句中关系代词前的判断更是高考英语命题的一个高频考点。下面，我们先来看看近两年高考中部分定语中“+关系代词”结构。

01.Eric received training in computer for one year, ___B___ he found a job in a big company.(辽宁)

A. after that

B. after which

C. after it

D. after this

02. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ___B___ they can be controlled on purpose.(重庆)

A. with which

B. to which

C. of which

D. for which

03. It is reported that two schools, ___D___ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (四川)

A .they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which

04. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ___D___ wanted to buy it (安徽)

A. none of them

B. both of whom

C. none of whom

D. neither of whom

05. He was educated at the local high school, ___A___ he went on to Beijing University.(江苏)

A. after which

B. after that

C. in which

D. in that

06.She was educated at Beijing University, ___A___ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. (全国II)

A.after which

B. from which

C. from that

D. after that

07. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us ___B___ we gave some bells and glasses. (湖南)

A. to which

B. to whom

C. with whom

D. with which

08. I was given three books on cooking, the first ___B___ I really enjoyed. (浙江)

A. of that

B. of which

C. that

D. which

09. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction ___D___ she had come. (重庆)

A. of which

B. by which

C. in which

D. from which

对于“+which / whom”结构的考查，高考英语主要涉及以下几个方面：

1.考查定语中谓语动词的搭配习惯

(1)看定语中动词与的搭配

Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。(注意搭配live in)

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已经找到了。(注意搭配search for)

This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。(注意搭配argue about)

I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss books and music. 我想找到一个可以和我谈书和音乐的人。(注意搭配discuss sth with sb)

注：有一些为的一部分，此时它们的位置应注意。如：

The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.

不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.

(2)看定语中形容词与的搭配(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/553250899.html,)

He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。(注意搭配be familiar with)

2.考查先行词与的搭配习惯

这类考题往往要根据具体的语境来选择。如：

This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。(注意搭配in the front of our classroom)

I’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me. 我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天。(注意搭配on the day)

3.考查表示所属关系的of which [whom]

On the blackboard the teacher wr ote a sentence, the meaning of which I don’t understand. 老师在黑板上写了一个句子，句子的意思我不明白。(注意搭配the meaning of the sentence)

4.考查表示整体与部分关系的of which [whom]

I have five English dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best. 我有5本英语词典，其中最好的是朗文词典。(注意搭配of the five dictionaries)

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 多数公共汽车已经上满了人，周围是一伙愤怒的群众。(注意搭配most of the buses)

I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我碰到那些摘水果的人，其中有好几个是大学生。(注意搭配several of them)

5.考查表示同位关系的of which [whom]

Her sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning. 她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早上给她来了电话。(注意搭配both of her sons)

【模拟测试】用适当的和关系代词填空：

1. Do you like the book _______ she spent $10?

2. Do you like the book ________ she paid $10?

3. Do you like the book ________ she learned a lot?

4. Do you like the book _______ she often talks?

5. He built a telescope________ he could study the skies.

6. There is a tall tree outside, ________ stands our teacher.

7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ is the Yellow River.

8. The tower _____ people can have a good view is on the hill.

9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.

10.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ______ hadn’t been cl eaned for at least a year.

11. The workers, some _______ stayed for four years, came from different countries.

12. The committee consists of 20 members, 5 ______ are women.

13. The book contains 50 poems, most ______were written in the 1930s.

14. There are two left, one ______ is almost finished, and the other ______ is not.

【参考答案】

1. on which

2. for which

3. from [in] which

4. about which

5. through which

6. under which

7. of which

8. from which

9. to whom 10. of which 11. of whom 12. of whom

13. of which 14. of which, of which

限制性定语从句：

限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用，关系代词有that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等，没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开，表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。

例句：

Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meeting?

Where is the book which I bought this morning?

非限制性定语从句：

作用相当于一种插入语或者对先行词的一种解释，和先行词之间只有比较松散的关系，文字中常常用逗号将其与主句分开，用法其实与限制性定语从句极为相似，只是不能用that做修饰词。

例句：

This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet.

Englishi is an important subject, which every students should study well.

The building, in front of which sat a boy, was a school.

一、

定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：

This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

二、

从形式上看，限制性定语从句与其先行词紧紧相连，两者没有停顿；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号隔开。从意义上讲，限制性定语从句用来修饰先行词，两者密不可分；而非限制性定语从句仅仅对先行词作补充性叙述或说明，两者关系不那么紧密。由于两种定语从句存在着这些区别，一般来说，限制性定语从句多半译成汉语的前置定语，修饰其后的先行词，非限制性定语从句则往往译成后置的并列从句。that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。通常对定语从句处理如下：

（1）限制性定语从句译成前置定语

These neighborhoods frequently recreate much of the culture and the values of the nationality that makes up the majority of the population.

这些居民区经常再现构成大多数居民的大量民族文化和价值观念。

（2）非限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句

In almost all developing countries, economic development depends upon growth in export trade, which in turn creates jobs and raises living standards.

几乎所有的发展中国家经济的发展都依赖于出口贸易的增长，而出口的增长又有助于创造更多的就业机会和提高人民的生活水平。

但是，有时候因为意思上的关系，或者出于汉语句子结构上的考虑，要把限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句，而把非限制性定语从句译成前置定语。

（3）限制性定语从句译成后置的并列从句

Each team plays ten or eleven games each season which begins in September and ends in November. 每个队每赛季参加十到十一场比赛，每个赛季九月份开始，十一月份结束。

（4）非限制性定语从句译成前置定语

which在定语从句中的用法

江苏朱姝 关系代词 which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。下面就进行归纳总结： 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the party. 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 （ 1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。 （ 2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 （ 3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个 which 前要加 and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。 3. 名词＋ of ＋ which （＝ of which ＋名词＝ whose + 名词）通常放在先行词的后面。

I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。 4. 介词＋ which 的替代作用。 （ 1 ）作时间状语替代 when 。 There used to be a time at which / during which （ = when ） the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。 （ 2 ）作地点状语替代 where 。 This is the office in which （ = where ） I used to work. 这是我过去工作过的办公室。 （ 3 ）作原因状语替代 why 。 I'd like you to explain the reason for which （＝ why ） you were absent. 我想让你解释一下缺席的原因。 （ 4 ）作方式状语替代 that 或省略。 There are many ways in which （＝ that / 省略） we can solve the problem. 解决这个问题有很多方法。 5. which, when, where 关系词的选择。 关系副词 when 与 where 用于引导定语从句时，往往修饰句中表示地点或时间的名词。但是，有时候在表示时间或地点的名词后面却不能用 when 或 where ，而该用 which 或 that 。 Is this the factory which / that produces all kinds of washing machines （ which / that 在定语从句中作主语，指代前面的 the factory ）这就是生产各种洗衣机的那家工厂吗

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(完整版)不定代词用法讲解

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Forwhich用法小结

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不定代词用法总结

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which引导的定语从句的用法

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不定代词用法总结

不定代词用法总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

不定代词用法总结 1) some, any, no的用法 a. some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some表示“几个；一些；部 分”，多用于肯定句；而any表示“一些；什么；任何；”，对用于否定句或疑问句中。如： * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office (这个邮局里有邮票吗？) * I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了，所以出去买了一些。) b. 刚才我们说some一般用于肯定句而any一般用于否定句和疑问句。但有时也有例外。这要根据句子意思来 看。 * I could not answer some of his questions. (我不能回答他的某些问题。) (some用在否定句中表示“一些；部分”。如果说成：I could not answer any of his questions.意思就变了，它表示“我不能回答他的任何问题。”) * Will you get me some apples on your way back (你回来的路上能给我带一些苹果吗？) (some用在疑问句中大多表示“请求” 或“建议”) * Let me know if you hear any news. (如果你有任何消息请告诉我。) (any用在条件从句中表示“任何”) * “What would you like to drink” “Any will do.” (“你想喝什么？”“哪种都行。”) (any在这里表示“任何”) c. no在句子中作定语，表示否定，意思是“没有；不是”，它可以修饰可数名词的单数和复数形式或不可数名 词。 * There are no letters for you today. (今天没有你的信。) * I have no money at the moment. Could you lend me some (我现在没有钱。你能借我一些吗？) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是： someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质，可以作主语、宾语等。 b. 因为some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑问句，no表示完全否定，因此由some, any, no与-one, - body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人，它们的形式是单数形式，但有时可以用they或them指 代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗？) d. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如： * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didn’t say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰，形容词必须后置。如： * Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure. (important修饰somebody) 3) one和none的用法 不定代词one指代可数名词的单数，即指人，也指物。它的复数形式是ones。在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。 * He is not the one who is easily cheated. (one指人) * I’ve made some cakes. Would you like one of them (one指物) * I prefer red roses to white ones. (ones指物) * Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago (ones指人) 4) all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both a. every只有形容词的性质，在句中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数名词。表示“每个；各个”，还可以表示“一 切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every还可以和-one, -thing, -body构成复合不定代词，即：everyone, everything, everybody。其中，everyone和everybody用于指人，意思一样，都是“每人；大家”，形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。everything用于指物，意思是“每件事；一切”，形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如：* One can’t have everything. * Everything goes well with me. * The town is so small that everybody knows everybody else. 注意：在使用everyone时要注意和every one相区别。everyone是一个不定代词而every on是一个词组，前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意下列例句： * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one也指人) *We played several matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)

精心整理版-初中文言文常见文言虚词用法一览表

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介词加which的用法

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中学英语重点词汇和句型用法讲解

中学英语重点词汇和句型用法讲解(上) 中学英语重点词汇和句型用法 1. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ?如：Why not go shopping? ④Let’s + do sth. 如：Let’s go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 2. first of all首先 to begin with一开始 later on后来、随 3. also也而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either也（用于否定句）常在句末 too也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 4. see sb. / sth. doing看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do看见某人做了或经常做某事如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。 5. too many 许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much 许多修饰不可数名词如：too much milk much too 太修饰形容词如：much too beautiful 6. used to do sth.过去常常做某事

否定形式：

didn’t use to do sth. used not to do sth. 如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 7. 反意疑问句 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? Li ly will go to China, won’t she? ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问如：She doesn’t come from China, does she? Yo u haven’t finished homework, have you? ③提问部分用代词而不用名词如： Lily is a student, isn’t she? ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。 其反意疑问句用肯定式如： He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？ 8.be interested in sth.对…感兴趣 take an interest in be interested in doing sth.对做…感兴趣 如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。

不定代词用法归纳

不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解) ■本站特约作者陈根花 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混： Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而 every 只用于三者或三者以上，因此用于两者时只能用 each，不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点： 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面： There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]?人人都知道这一点，不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they：