动词不定式用法讲解和练习教学内容
动词不定式用法
一、动词不定式的基本形式
“不定式符号to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式同它的宾语和状语一起构成不定式短语。
例如：to sell flowers in the street 在街上卖花
to speak in the classroom 在教室里讲话
二、动词不定式的语法功能
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语
（一）、作主语：动词不定式作主语可位于句首。
例如：To learn a skill is very important for everyone in today's society.
也可使用it作形式主语，而将其置于句末。
例如：It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：
1. It is＋adj./ n. (＋for sb.／sth.) ＋to do sth.
用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
例如：It is interesting to play this game.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.
考例1：Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now
B. man
C. that
D. it
用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s&sb’job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。
例如：What a pity it is for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.
2. It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.
该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。
例如：How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.
How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance!
3. It takes sb.＋some time＋to do sth. 该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
例如：It took us half an hour to ride to the town by bike.
而在下列结构中常用动名词做主语: It is no good/no use/ no help doing sth.
练一练：对于一个人来说(For one )尽知一切是困难的。
爱与被爱是一个人所能寻找(seek)的最大幸福。
怎样消灭老鼠（rats）和苍蝇(flies)是一个大问题
建造一所房子需要（requires）很多钱
（二）、作表语
动词不定式作表语常用于以下结构：My wi sh/ job/ aim/ goal is…及The next step/ measure is …等。例如：Your job is to type the papers in the office.
The next measure is to stop the river from being polluted.
另外，be to do可表示将来计划好安排好的事情，可表示上级对下级的吩咐，要求，命令，也可以表示命中注定要发生的事情。
例如：You are to die at eighty-two. （上天安排。）
One is to struggle for one’s living. （自然安排）
You are to be back by ten o’clock. （吩咐）
Nobody is to say such a thing. （禁令）
If you are to study in Europe, you must learn about a foreign language.
（三）、作宾语
常见的只能使用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, choose, decide, hope, fail, wish, refuse, expect, manage, plan, intend, pretend, promise, offer, afford, demand, arrange等。
例如：They decided to build a highway between these two cities.
She offered to help me when I was in trouble.
believe, think, consider, feel, make等动词可用于“动词+ it +adj. / n+to do sth.”句型，其中使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。（发感信想让喜好厌恶之动词）
例如：I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work.
She felt it her duty to help the old woman.
注意：1）介词后面常跟动名词做宾语，动词不定式一般不做介词宾语，但是在but, except, besides, than, instead of, about, save后面可以做介词宾语。
例如：He is about to leave the city.
We saw no alternative but/except/save to fight.
Nothing remains but to wait and see.
2）动名词也可以做宾语他们之间的区别在于：不定式表具体，动名词表一般。试比较：I don’t like to play basketball today. I don’t like playing basketball.
3）有些动词跟不定式和跟动名词表示的时间不一样，如regret, remember, forget。
跟不定式表示没有做过的事情；而跟动名词则表示做过的事情。
例如：I regret to tell you that you are dismissed.
I remember meeting him somewhere before.
Don’t forget to take your umbrella in case it rains.
有些动词跟不定式和动名词表示的意思不同。如stop, mean, try等。
例如：After a long walk, he stopped to have a rest.
They stopped talking as soon as the teacher came in.
I didn’t mean to hurt you.
The heavy rain means our staying one more day here.
Why not try taking a boat to give yourself a change.
I tried to persuade him but failed.
4）在动词want, need, require的后面一般跟不定式做宾语，跟单个的动名词则是主动表被动,如果带有的修饰成分较长也可以用不定式的被动式。
例如：He wants to see you and tell you something important.
The watch needs mending since it can’t w ork properly.
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（四）、作宾补
可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, hear, order, see, tell, want, wish, watch等。
例如：The doctor advised her no to eat too much sugar.
I wish you to go to the meeting with me.
believe, consider, count, declare, deny, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think等动词后可接to be型不定式作宾补。
例如：He declared himself to be a college student. 他自称是名大学生。
The police proved him to be a thief. 警察局证实他是小偷。
hope, demand, suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。例如：
【误】I hope my son to be back soon.
【正】I hope my son will be back soon.
【误】She suggests us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She advises us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She suggests that we (should) have a discussion about it.
在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)。
例如：Who made him work all night long?
但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。例如：He was seen to break the window. （五）、作定语
动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。
例如：Have you got anything to eat? (to eat修饰anything，位于其后)
下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish等。例如：But she gave up the chance to go abroad.
由only, first, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。
例如：Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?
（六）、作状语
动词不定式作状语,可表示目的、原因、结果（有时表示出乎意料的结果）或条件。例如：We went there to see our grandparents.（目的）
I am very sorry to hear that.（原因）
She hurried home only to find her father dead.（结果）
To look at the picture, you would like it.（条件）
作目的状语，还可以使用in order to或so as to。
例如：The boy worked so hard in order to make up for the lost time.
结果状语还可以使用enough to, too…to…, so…as to, such… as to等结构。
例如：He got up too late to miss the early bus.
She was in such a hurry as not to notice me.。
三，动词不定式用法注意事项
1. 不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式省to有六种情况：
①在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, obse rve, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)半帮助（help）如：Who made him work all night long?
但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。
如：He was seen to break the window.
②would rather, had better，Why…，Why not…后。
如：You had better stay at home.
Why not have a good rest on Sunday?
③介词except / but后省略to的情况
用作介词except, but宾语的不定式有时带to，有时不带to。其大致原则是：若其前出现了动词 do，其后的不定式通常不带 to；若其前没有出现动词 do，则其后的不定式通常带 to。
如：I had no choice but to wait. 除了等，我没有别的选择。
He wanted nothing but to stay there. 他只想留在那儿。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
She can do everything except cook. 除了做饭之外她什么都会。
④主语带do表语省略to的情况
当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。
如：All you do now is (to) complete the form. 你现在要做的只是把这张表填好。
The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。
What I’ll do is (to) tell her the truth. 我要做的就是告诉她真相。
⑤并列不定式省略to的情况
当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式前用to，其余不定式前的to可以省略。
如：He told me to stay there and wait for him. 他叫我在那儿等他。
I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知该怎么想怎么说。
It is easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易，强迫人难。
但是，如果两者有对比关系，则后面不定式前的to不可省略。
如：To try and fail is better than not to try at all. 尝试而失败总比不尝试好。
⑥省略不定式是否保留to
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。如：I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。
“Don’t be late.”“I’ll try not to.”“不要来晚了。”“我尽量不来晚。”
Don’t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。
注意：1>. 若被省略的不定式为to be短语，则通常应保留to be。
如：He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。
2>. 有时省略不定式时，同时也可省略to。
如：She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。
2.不定式一般有时式和语态的变化，通常有下表中的几种形式（以do为例）：
一般式to do 被动式to be done
完成式to have done 完成被动式to have been done
进行式to be doing 完成进行式to have been doing
其否定形式是由not加不定式构成。
如：His works are said to have been translated into many languages.
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He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.。
His sister told him not to read in the sun.。
Mother made him get up early yesterday.
练一练：1>他似乎正在写一篇文章。但是我不知道是关于什么的。
2>他们知道那个人过去当过间谍。
3. 不定式的主动与被动形式
一般说来，如果不定式的修饰成分是其动作的发出者，动词不定式用主动形式，如果是其动作的承受者，则用被动式。但是有些情况下要注意：
(1) 不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。多用于have something to do中如果主语是动词不定式的动作发出者，则用主动式，如果主语不是动词不定式的动作发出者，则不定式用被动式have something to be done。
例如：1. I have a question to ask.
2. I am going to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken?
(2)在不定式作定语时，如果句中有其动作发出者用主动形式，在there be句型中也常用不定式的主动形式但是如果强调动作本身，用被动式也可以。
例如：1. Give me something to eat, please. 请给我点东西吃。
2. There are many plans to make/ to be made. There is nothing to do/to be done.
但是：There is nothing to speak of. 不要用to be spoken of
There is plenty to eat. 不要用to be eaten.
(3)在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中，有时主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语，要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。这时，可以看成是省略了不定式的逻辑主语for us/for one/for you/for me等。
例如：That question is difficult to answer. 那个问题不容易回答。
These apples are good to eat. 这些苹果很好吃。
当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动表被动。
例如：I found him easy to get along with. 我觉得他很容易相处。
They don’t think the game interesting to play. 他们认为这游戏不好玩。
I find the lecture difficult to understand. 我发现这个报告很难懂。
但若要强调句中的受事者，也可用不定式的被动式：
The handwriting is difficult to be read. 这笔迹不容易辨读。
适合于此结构的形容词比较多，最常用的有：hard，amusing，interesting ，cheap，difficult，dangerous，easy，nice（令人愉快的）important，good，pleasant（愉快的）comfortable ，heavy，light（轻的）
(4)在too...to... 和enough to结构中。可用不定式的主动形式也可以用被动形式。但用主动形式更常见。
如：The passage is too hard to translate. 这一段太难，无法翻译。
The box is too heavy to move. 这个箱子太重，搬不动。
This book is cheap enough to buy. 这本书便宜值得买。
但若要强调句中的受事者，也可用不定式的被动式：
如：This box is too heavy to be lifted. 这箱子太重，拿不起来。
(5)下列句型中，to let, to blame, to seek等用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
如：The house is to let. 这栋房子要出租。
Who is to blame for it? 这得怪谁？
The reason is not far to seek. 理由不难找到。
A lot remains to do. 还剩下许多事情要做。
不同的人采用不同的说法：
房屋的主人会说：The house is to let.
而经纪人可能会说：The house is to be let.
以下句子表达不同的概念: You are to blame.这是你的过错。
You are to be blamed.你将受到责备。
有关不定式的练习题:
1. He is said to ____ to his country because a new president comes into power.
A. be allowed to return
B. allow to return
C. allow returning
D. be allowed returning
2. He spoke in such a high voice ____ at the further end of the room.
A. as to be heard
B. to be heard
C. as to hear
D. to hear
3. --- Why was the official meeting called? --- ____ new officers.
A. Select
B. Selecting
C. To select
D. To have select
4. In Australia, he made a lot of friends ____ a practical knowledge of the English language.
A. to get
B. get
C. getting
D. got
5. In Australia, he made a lot of friends ____ a practical knowledge of the English language.
A. to get
B. get
C. getting
D. got
6. Rather than _____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ____ a bicycle.
A. ride, ride
B. riding, ride
C. ride, to ride
D. to ride, riding
7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____ .
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
8. --- Do you work in the lab every afternoon? --- No, but sometimes, I wish I ____ .
A. had time to
B. had time to do
C. have time to
D. have time
9. I’ll do whatever I can ____ my English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
10. Could you tell me the way you’ve thought of _____ ?
A. to do it
B. doing it
C. do it
D. has to do it
11. He was often listened ____ in the next room.
A. sing
B. sung
C. to sing
D. to singing
12. Don’t take the medicine, it can’t help ____ rid of your cold.
A. getting
B. to get
C. to getting
D. gets
13. My grandmother seems to have a lot ____ .
A. worry about
B. to worry
C. to be worried
D. to worry about
14. Every minute is made full _____ of _____ our lessons.
A. to use, study
B. use, studying
C. useful, to study
D. use, to study
15. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
16. The waiter was made _____ to the guest.
A. apologize
B. apologizing
C. to apologize
D. to be apologizing
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17. Who would you rather _____ the work?
A. to have to do
B. to have do
C. have to do
D. have do
18. I had meant _____ on you, but I was so busy.
A. call
B. to call
C. calling
D. be calling
19. --- Do you often have someone____ your clothes? --- Yes, I often have them ____ .
A. wash, to wash
B. to wash, washed
C. washed, wash
D. wash, washed
20. She actually heard about it, but he pretended_____ .
A. to hear not
B. not hearing
C. not to hear
D. not to
21. A middle-aged woman came _______ to the bus stop only ______ the bus had gone.
A. to run, finding
B. running, to find
C. and ran, found
D. running, find
22. To know what is good and ______ are two different things.
A. knowing what is wrong
B. do what is right
C. to do what is right
D. doing what is right
23. Smith appears ______ a long time. He is impatient for my arrival.
A. to wait
B. to be waiting
C. to have waited
D. to have been waiting
24. Our professor has just come back from aboard. He seems ______ his trip very much.
A. to enjoy
B. to have enjoyed
C. to be enjoying
D. to have been enjoying
25. The houses _______ are for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.
A. built
B. to be built
C. to build
D. being built
26. --- Why did you come a long way round?
--- I was afraid _____ near the fierce dog because I was afraid _______.
A. of walking, to be bitten
B. to walk, of being bitten
C. to walk, to be bitten
D. of walking, of being bitten
27. The last person _____ the sinking ship was the captain.
A. left
B. leave
C. to leave
D. to be leaving
28. --- Why was he fined?
--- He happened to _____ several flowers in the park.
A. be seen pick
B. be seen picking
C. be caught to pick
D. catch picking
29. --- Do you have anything more ____, sir?
--- No, you can have a rest or do something else.
A. typing
B. to be typed
C. typed
D. to type
30. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance?
A. being discussed
B. discussed
C. to be discussed
D. to discuss
31. If the work _____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.
A. is completed
B. to be completed
C. has been completed
D. being completed
32. --- Did you seen Tom? He said he would come back for supper at six o’clock..
--- He seems ____ with Bob in the lake.
A. to swim
B. to be swimming
C. to have swim
D. swimming
33. Reading English in the morning seems to be a rule _____.
A. to never break
B. never to be breaking
C. never to be broken
D. never to break
34. The boy the teachers considered ____ failed in the final exam, ______ surprised them very much.
A. to be the best student, which
B. as the best student, that
C. to have been studying well, that
D. such as a good student, which
35. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only ______ to come again the next day.
A. telling
B. to be told
C. told d. being told
36. The boy needs____ all about it.
A. to know
B. to be known
C. know
D. knowing
37. He used to ____ up late, but now he is used to _____ up early.
A. get, get
B. get, getting
C. getting, get
D. getting, getting
38. The badly wounded soldier slowly opened his lips as if ______ something.
A. to say
B. said
C. he had said
D. was saying
39. The theory of relativity is hard ______ .
A. to understand
B. understood
C. understanding
D. being understood
40. I blamed him so angrily for his mistakes, but I ______ it like that.
A. would rather not do
B. wouldn’t rather do
C. would rather not have done
D. wouldn’t rather have done
41. The driver kept ____ about the accident ____ lose his job.
A. still, in order to not
B. quiet, not so as to
C. silent, so as not to
D. calm, in order not to
42. No one _____ that building without the permission of the police.
A. is leaving
B. is to leave
C. has left
D. will be leaving
43. He firmly asked _____ a chance to try his luck, which at once encouraged _____.
A. to give, the other four
B. to be given, the other four
C. be given, four the other C. giving, the four others
44. I could do nothing but _____ that I didn’t know.
A. to pretend
B. pretend
C. pretended
D. pretending
45. Whom had you better ____ it?
A. to let do
B. let to do
C. let do
D. to let to do
46. While he was stealing in the office, he _____ by his boss.
A. happened to see
B. was happened to see
C. was happened to be seen
D. happened to be seen
47. All I want is ____ treated as a child by the teachers and parents.
A. not be
B. being
C. not to be
D. to be not
48. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _____ it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. don’t make
49. You are _____ too old ______ a Christmas stocking.
A. never, to enjoy
B. / , enjoying
C. / , to enjoy
D. never, enjoying
50. He was afraid _____ forwards because he was afraid _____ down.
A. of going, of falling
B. of going, to fall
C. to go, of falling
D. to go, to fall
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高中英语动词不定式用法大全
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式的用法有哪些
动词不定式的用法有哪些？ 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是：to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。现就以下几方面介绍如下: 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, expect,plan,begin,start,ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如：I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。 如：Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不定式有时和一连接代（副）词一起构成宾语。 如：I don’t know what to say.我不知道说什么。 3. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： （1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如：You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 （2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear,have等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如：I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see y ou come in. 我没看见你进来。 （3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。 如：Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday？ 为什么不休个假呢? （4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。 如：I have no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实我别无选择。What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？ （5）为了避免重复，不定式可省去to。 如：I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 对于想什么或说什么，我真
动词不定式专项练习
动词不定式专项练习 （一）选择 1. The policeman told the little boy _____ football in the street. It’s dangerous. A. not play B. not playing C. not to play D. to play 2. Martin looks so well. We’ve never seen him ______ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 3. They preferred ______ in bed rather than ___ horses. A. to lie; to ride B. lying; riding C. to lie; ride D. lying; ride 4. —What do you think of tomorrow’s football match? — ______difficult for us ______ the match. A. We’re; to win B. We’re; winning C. It’s; to win D. It’s; winning 5. — Hi, Peter. Why are you in such a hurry? — ______the 7:30 train. A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Caught 6. Don’t forget _________ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 7. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 8. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 9. I’m afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 10. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 11. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 12. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
动词不定式用法大全
动词不定式用法大全 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式专项讲解及训练(有答案)
动词不定式专项训练 A. to solve B. to be solve C. being solved D. solving A. for her to return B. that she must return C. her returning D. of him to return A. costs... to get B. costs... getting C. takes... to get D. takes... getting A. to explain B. to have been explained C. to be explained D. to be explaining A. to learn B. to be learning C. to have learned D. to have been learning Keys: 1-5 A A C C C
专项练习 1.The flu is believed_______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have been caused 2.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need A. that. .. to be improved B. which ... to be improved C. where. . . to be improving D. when.. . improving 3.Remember_________the magazine when you have finished reading it. A. putting back B. having put back
动词不定式的基本用法
动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下：（主动形式） ◆一般式（not）to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式（not）to have done 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式（not）to be doing 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 （一）作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long（渴望）, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2）动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
动词不定式的用法荟萃
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
英语动词不定式大全
英语动词不定式大全 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一。带to的不定式结构 1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come 等。 2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二。不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。 "Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。 Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休
动词不定式的精讲与专项练习
动词不定式（The Infinitive） 一、概述 不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。它有两种形式：（1）带to的不定式；（2）不带to的不定式（即通常所说的动词原形），它可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语。不定式既有动词性质，又有名词性质。 1）不等式具有动词性质，即它有时态和语态的变化；可有自己的宾语或状语并构成不等式短语。如： Would you like to tell me an interesting story? 你可不可以给我讲一个有趣的故事？（不等式to tell有自己的宾语me和story）He was too clever a man to be fooled.他这个人很机灵，不会被愚弄的。（不等式的被动语态） I’m going to go there by bike. 我想骑自行车去那儿。（不定式有状语there） They will set up more primary schools in the countryside. 他们将在乡村修建更多的小学。（不带to的不等式与助动词will一起构成谓语）但是，不等式没有人称和数的变化，即不受人称和单数、复数的限定或影响。 She likes to play the accordion. 她喜欢弹奏手风琴。 She liked to play the accordion when she was young. 她很小就喜欢弹奏手风琴。 2）不等式具有名词性质，即它在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。如： To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。（作主语） This suit doesn’t seem to fit me.这件衣服似乎不适合我穿。（作表语） She wanted to see which shops offered the best service. 她想看看哪家商店提供最好的服务。（作宾语） There’s no need to be worried. 不需要担心。（作定语） He went there to see what would happen.他去那儿是想看看会出什么事。（作状语） 3）不等式虽然在语法上不能有主语，但它表示的动作，在意思上是可以有自己的主语，在语法上这个主语称为不等式的逻辑主语。这个逻辑主语可能是整个句子的主语、宾语等，也可以用一个由for引起的短语表示。如： His friends tried to encourage him. 他的朋友设法鼓励他。（不等式的逻辑主语His friends同时也是句子的主语） Every year, tobacco companies must persuade new people to start smoking cigarettes. 每年烟草公司要设法使一些比吸烟的人开始吸烟。（不等式的逻辑主语new people是句子的宾语）It’s very difficult for a foreigner to learn Chines e. 外国人学汉语是很不容易的。（不等式的逻辑主语由for引起的短语表示） 另外，不等式的否定形式一般在它的前面直接加not或never。 The teacher has told me many times not to come late again.老师多次告诉我不要再来晚了。 She seems not to have a bright time with her new friends.和新朋友在一起她似乎过得不是太好。 二、不定式的主要用法 动词不等式具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语（或主语）补足语、表语、定语、及状语等。 1、不定式作主语 ①不等式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To conquer English is not easy. 征服英语不容易。 To make plan firs t is a good idea. 先制定计划是个好主意。 To know everything is to know nothing. 事事皆通，无一精通。 ②不等式作主语时，常常用形式主语it替代，而将真正的主语不等式放在句子的后面。 It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很有必要。 It’s a great pleasure to see you again.再次见到你真高兴。 It is a bad manner to stare at a foreign guest.盯着外宾看是一种不良的举动。 ③如果说明不等式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不等式的前面加一个for引起的短语，这就是常见的“It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.”句式。如： It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking. 对阿拉伯人来说，交谈时站得离朋友近些是好的礼貌。 It is a great honor for us to be presented at the party.我们能来参加晚会，深感荣幸。 It will be a regret for us not to help him. 我们没有帮助他是个遗憾。 ④在某些形容词（如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等）作表语时，不等式前常加一个以of引起的短语，来说明不等式指的是谁的情况。这就是常见的 “It is adj. of sb to do sth.”句式。如：
动词不定式用法及练习题-L105
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,
动词不定式专项练习
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