动词不定式用法与专项练习讲课教案
动词不定式用法与专
项练习
动词不定式: to+do (高二2016.2)
动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”组成，是动词的一种非谓语形式。动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、主补。
1. 动词不定式在句中的语法功能：
(1)动词不定式（短语）作主语
To love is to be loved. 爱别人就是被人爱。 To teach is to give. 教书就是奉献。
*to do和v-ing作主语时的区别:
Smoking is a bad habit. (v-ing作主语表示习惯性动作)
To stay home on such a cold night is comfortable. (动词不定式作主语表示偶然性或一次性的动作)
*不定式作主语和目的状语时的区别。例如：
To get up early does good to one’s health.早起对身体有好处。（作主语）
To get up early, one must go to bed early.为了早起，必须早睡。（作目的状语）
(2) 动词不定式（短语）作宾语
I will leave it to you to make the final decision. 我将由你来做最后的决定。(it作形式宾语) She decided to quit her job at last. 最后，她决定辞职。
*"疑问词 + 动词不定式短语"作宾语：
I don't know what to do. 我不知道该怎么办。
The children are learning how to play the game. 孩子们在学做游戏。
例如（NMET2000）：I’ve worked wi th children before, so I know what ____ in my new job.
A. expected
B. to expect
C. to be expecting
D. expects (答案:B)
(what to expect在句中作know的宾语，而what作不定式to expect的逻辑宾语。)
（四川09） He told us whether _______ a picnic was still under discussion.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. had (答案: A)
又如：It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows ____.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
答案是C。what to do with it作knows的宾语。
*注意:有些动词后面必须跟动名词作宾语，平时要注意区别，进行区分。
*forget, remember, try, regret, mean, stop等动词后既可跟不定式又可跟动名词，须根据其习惯用法和语境进行取舍。例如（MET91）：
— The light in the office is still on.— Oh, I forgot____.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
答案是C。forget to do意为“忘了做（某事）”，forget doing“忘了做过（某事）”；remember有类似的区别。类似的还有：try to do“尽力做”，try doing“试着做”；regret to say /tell“很遗憾地说”，regret doing“后悔做了……”；mean to do“意欲/ 想要做”，mean doing“意味着做”；stop to do“停下来做另外的事情”，stop doing“停止正在做的事情”。(3)动词不定式（短语）作表语
The most important thing for the United States to do now is to rescue the wounded.
现在，对美国来说，最重要的是抢救伤员。
*注意：在“形容词 + 不定式”结构作表语、宾补和定语时，其中形容词多为表示性质的词，如：easy, hard, good, difficult, interesting等,常常是主动式表被动。例如：
These apples are good to eat. 这些苹果很好吃。（作表语）
I find it difficult to understand. 我发现这很难懂。（作宾补）
He is a man easy to get on with. 他是一个容易相处的人。(作定语)
The box is light enough to carry. 这盒子轻得可带走。（作表语）
The future is hard to tell. 未来很难预测。（作表语）
*注意：All you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly. 如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的 do, 用作表语的不定式可省略 to。又如：
We had nothing to do but _______ (watch) TV yesterday. (答案: watch)
We did nothing but ________ (watch) TV yesterday. (答案: watch)
(4) 动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语。
She asked me to stay here. She encouraged me to work hard.
We'd love you to give us a hand. 我们想让你帮个忙。
注意：
1)在一些动词后，用作宾语补语的动词不定式符号to 要省略掉。这类动词包括感官动词以及使役动词，如feel, spot, look at, listen to, observe, see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let, get 等。但如果句子为被动语态，动词不定式（短语）为主补时，要带to。
I had John fix my bike. 我让约翰修理我的自行车。
They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.
-----The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.
Paul doesn’t have to be made___________ . He always works hard. (答案:B)
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
辨析：
I heard her sing a song in the next room yesterday. (强调听歌的整个过程)
（=She was heard to sing a song in the next room yesterday.）
I heard her sinning a song when I passed by.(强调动作正在发生)
(=She was heard singing a song when I passed by.)
*see, hear, notice等的宾语后还可跟现在分词作补语，变成被动语态时仍保留分词的形式，表示正在发生的动作。
例如：The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river. (答案：A)
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
(5)动词不定式（短语）作定语：动词不定式（短语）作定语需后置。
*动词不定式作定语与分词作定语的区别:
过去分词表示动作已经完成，现在分词表示动作正在发生当中，而不定式则表示将要发生的动作或状态。
辨析: The meeting held is important. (表示动作已经完成)
The meeting being held is important. (表示动作正在进行当中)
The meeting to be held is important. (表示动作将要发生)
注意：
1)当被修饰的是不定代词如everything, anything, much, little等,或被修饰的名词前被形容词最高级,序数词,the only等强调结构修饰时,非谓语动词作定语则用动词不定式。Do you have anything to say? 你有什么要说的吗?
I am afraid I cannot attend your party, for I have too many things to do.
He is the only person to know the truth. 他是唯一了解真相的人。
When the question was out, he was the first one to raise his hand….他第一个举起手。
He was the last to realize the importance of this problem.
2)如被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语，且动词不定式的动词是不及物动词,则后面需跟成为搭配的介词。
Who is the man to talk to? 要谈话的人是谁？
He is a tough teacher to deal with. 他是个很难对付的老师。
I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支笔写字
例如:To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule_____.（上海高考题98）：
A. to never break
B. never to be broken
C. never to have broken
D. never to be breaking 答案是B，在句中作定语；由于a rule是不定式的逻辑宾语，所以不定式用了被动结构。
又如：There are five pairs____, but I’m at a loss which to buy.（上海高考题99）
A. to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
答案是B，这是“不定式 + 介词”作定语。题意是“从五双中选一双”，故须在choose后加上介词from。类似的如a chair to sit in, a pen to write with, a topic to talk about等。
(6) 动词不定式（短语）作状语
动词不定式（短语）作状语可以表示目的，结果，原因等。
▲ 目的状语
The whole family came out to see my performance. 全家人出来看我表演。
He called to say goodbye. 他打电话来道别。
▲结果状语
We rushed to the railway station only to find (表示出乎意料) the train had just left.
我们匆匆赶到火车站，结果发现火车刚刚离开了。
He studied hard only to fail. 他学习很努力，但却没及格。
She went to South China five years ago, never to return.她五年前去了华南，结果从未返回。
*注意：doing也可以作结果状语，但表示自然而然的结果。
His parents were killed in the accident, making him an orphan.
They all left, leaving me alone.
▲ 原因状语
动词不定式（短语）常跟在一些形容词后面，说明产生这些情绪的原因。这类形容词有：happy, ashamed, surprised, grieved, frightened, sorry, glad, delighted, eager, disappointed, right, excited, ready, clever, bored等。
I am sorry to interrupt you.
The father was surprised to learn that his son spent money like water.
得知儿子花钱如流水,父亲感到很吃惊。
We will be very happy to work on this project with you.
和您一起合作这个项目,我们感到很高兴。
(7) 动词不定式（短语）作独立成分
动词不定式（短语）可以用来作句子的独立成分。这些短语有：to begin with（首先）, to tell the truth (truth to tell) （说实在的）, to make a long story short（长话短说）, so to speak（可以这么说）, to be brief（简言之）, to be exact（确切地说）, to be frank （坦率地说）, to do sb. justice（说句公道话）, to conclude（总而言之）等。
To begin with, I'd like to introduce myself to you all. 首先，我想给你们作一下自我介绍。To be frank with you, I don't love you any more. 老实对你说吧，我已经不再爱你了。
To conclude, energy is exhaustible, so we have to preserve it for our future generations.
总而言之，能量并不是用之不竭的，因此我们必须为后代保留一些。
2．动词不定式中原形动词的省略
为避免重复，有时可用不定式的符号to来代表动词不定式。
-Would you like to have some coffee? 您要来点咖啡吗？ -Yes, I'd like to.
If you don't want to buy it, you don't need to. 假如你不想买的话，你就不要买。
注意：可以这样省略主要动词的动词不定式结构有:hope to, agree to, be willing to, want to, refuse to, fail to, manage to, would like to, offer to等。
---What’s the matter with Della?
--- Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still ______. （江苏09）A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for （答案：A）
一般而言，在否定结构中to必须保留。例如（NMET95）：
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to （答案：A）
3. 动词不定式的否定式: not必须置于整个不定式结构之前。
We decided not to go there. 我们决定不去那儿了。
I wished never to see him again. 我希望永不再见到她。
4．动词不定式的时态和语态
时态
▲动词不定式的一般式: to do: 表示的动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生或将在其后发生的。
They are learning to sing and dance.他们在学习歌舞。
We have to get some money to buy a TV set. 我们得赚些钱来买台电视机。
▲动词不定式的进行式: to be doing: 表示的动作是与谓语动词的动作同时发生的，而且正在进行中。该结构也常与always, constantly, rapidly, fast, slowly等副词连用。
The weather seems to be improving. 天气似乎在好转。
Come on, it's time to be making for (前往,走向) school. 好了，是上学的时候了。
He pretended to be reading when the teacher came in.
▲动词不定式的完成式: to have done: 表示的动作发生在谓语的动作之前。不定式的完成式常用在be said, be reported, be considered, appear, hope, pretend, seem等以及某些情态动词后，表示对过去事情的推断或虚拟假设，例如（NMET97）：I would love____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
答案是B，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟愿望。
He was said to have studied abroad for years. 据说他已经在外国留学多年了。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 很抱歉让你久等了。
He pretended not to have seen me when passing by yesterday.
他昨天从我身边经过时假装没看到我。
语态
▲不定式的被动式: to be done
如：He asked to be sent to the front. (他请求被派往前线。)
I wish to be excused. 我请求原谅。
This infectious disease is said to have been wiped out many years ago. 这传染病据说好多年前就已经灭绝了。
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
答案是B。因为不定式的逻辑主语it（指出国旅游这件事）与不定式是被动关系。Little Tom would love____ to the theatre this evening. (NMET’92）
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking (答案A)
It’s important for the figures _______ regularly. （北京2011）
A. to be updated
B. to have been updated
C. to update
D. to have updated (答案: A)
He claimed（声称）____ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.
A. being badly treated
B. treating badly
C. to be treated badly
D. to have been badly treated 根据题意，该用不定式的完成被动式，表动作发生在claimed之前，故答案是D。
***值得注意的是，在下列场合通常用不定式的主动式表被动意义：
▲主语+be +形容词+动词不定式
当作表语的某些形容词被动词不定式修饰时，动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，动词不定式可以用主动式代替被动式。(阅P1)
This problem is difficult to solve. 这个问题很难解决。
▲ there + be句型中,动词不定式用主动式来表示被动的含义。
There are a lot of people (for me) to visit. There is no time to lose. 没有时间可以耽误。▲“have + 宾语 + 动词不定式（作定语）”结构中
当have 表示"有"，而动词不定式与宾语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，并且句子的主语是动词不定式动作的执行者时，动词不定式一般用主动式。
I have a lot of meetings to attend this week. 本周我有许多会议要参加。
▲在“too… to”, “… enough to”结构中，动词不定式总是用主动语态。
This problem is too easy to deal with. 这个问题处理起来很简单。
This problem is easy enough to deal with. 这个问题处理起来很简单。
巩固练习
1.He is said to ____ to his country because a new president comes into power.
A. be allowed to return
B. allow to return
C. allow returning
D. be allowed returning
2.He spoke in such a high voice ____ at the further end of the room.
A. as to be heard
B. to be heard
C. as to hear
D. to hear
3.--- Why was the official meeting called? --- ____ new officers.
A. Select
B. Selecting
C. To select
D. To have select
4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ___ it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. don’t make
5. To play fair is as important as ____ .
A. to play well
B. play well
C. we play well
D. playing well
6. --- Where should I send my form? --- The Personnel Office is the place_______.
A. for sending it
B. to send it to
C. to sent
D. to sent it
7. A computer does only what thinking people _____ .
A. have it do
B. have it done
C. have done it
D. having it done
8. The boy want to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____ .
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
9.--- Do you work in the lab every afternoon? --- No, but sometimes, I wish I ____ .
A. had time to
B. had time to do
C. have time to
D. have time
10. I’ll do whatever I can ____ my English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
11. Could you tell me the way you’ve thought of ___ ?
A. to do it
B. doing it
C. do it
D. has to do it
12. He was often listened ____ in the next room.
A. sing
B. sung
C. to sing
D. to singing
13. Would you be ____ shut the window? It’s so cold.
A. enough kind to
B. kind enough not to
C. kind enough to
D. so kind enough as to
14. Don’t take the medicine, it can’t help __ rid of your cold.
A. getting
B. to get
C. to getting
D. gets
15. My grandmother seems to have a lot __ .
A. worry about
B. to worry
C. to be worried
D. to worry about
16. Every minutes is made full ___ of ___ our lessons.
A. to use, study
B. use, studying
C. useful, to study
D. use, to study
17. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
18. You shouldn’t allow ____ games near the classroom, for it’s too noisy.
A. student playing
B. play
C. students to play
D. to play
19. The waiter was made __ to the guest.
A. apologize
B. apologizing
C. to apologize
D. to be apologizing
20. Whom would you rather __ the work?
A. to have to do
B. to have do
C. have to do
D. have do
21. I had meant _____ on you, but I was so busy.
A. call
B. to call
C. calling
D. be calling
22. --- Do you often have someone____ your clothes? --- Yes, I often have them ____ .
A.wash, to wash
B. to wash, washed
C. washed, wash
D. wash, washed
23. She actually heard about it, but he pretended__ .
A. to hear not
B. not hearing
C. to not hear
D. not to
24. All I want is ____ treated as a child by the teachers and parents.
A. not be
B. being c. not to be D. to be not
25. The last man __ the disappointing news was the patient’s sick father.
A. knew
B. knows
C. to know
D. knowing
26. ---Why did he let you repeat his instruction time and time over?
--- ___ that I remember what was __ after he went out.
A. To make sure, to do
B. Making sure, to be done
C. To see to (注意,留意,关照) it, to be done
D. Seeing to, done
27. Pieces of bamboo or wood ____ books between 2nd and 5th century AD.
A. used to formed
B. used to form
C. were used to form
D. used to be forming
28. . A middle-aged woman came _______ to the bus stop only ______ the bus had gone.
A. to run, finding
B. running, to find
C. and ran, found
D. running, find
29. Smith appears ______ a long time. He is impatient for my arrival.
A. to wait
B. to be waiting
C. to have waited
D. to have been waiting
30. Our professor has just come back from aboard. He seems ______ his trip very much.
A. to enjoy
B. to have enjoyed
C. to be enjoying
D. to have been enjoying
31. --- Why has Jack not come yet now? Anything wrong with him?
--- He didn’t pass the test but he still _______.
A. hopes so
B. hopes that
C. hopes to
D. hopes it
32. The houses _______ are for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.
A. built
B. to be built
C. to build
D. being built
33. The last person _____ the sinking ship was the captain.
A. left
B. leave
C. to leave
D. to be leaving
34. --- Why was he fined? --- He happened to _____ several flowers in the park.
A. be seen pick
B. be seen picking
C. be caught to pick
D. catch picking
35. It is impossible for anyone _____ these photographs before, because Mr. Newman had
them developed today.
A. having seen
B. to have seen
C. to see
D. seeing
1-5 A A C B A 6-10 B A A A B 11-15 A C C B D 16-20 D B C C D
21-25 B D D C C 26-30 A C B D B 31-35CBCBB
完成句子
1 能被邀请在这发言是我的荣幸。(it)
I feel ____________________________________________________________.
2 他别无选择，只能够耐心地等待。(do)
He _____________________________________________.
3 他是这工作的唯一人选。(only)
He is the only person ______________________________.
4 有很多事情要谈。(talk)
There are many things ____________________________.
5 你认为他容易相处吗?
Do you think him _________________________________________?
6 他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
He is always __________________________________________________________.
7 他急急忙忙赶到售票处，却被告知票已经被卖光了。(tell)
He hurried to the ticket office,
_____________________________________________________.
8 我希望我爸爸能像我妈妈那样容易哄。(please)
I wished that my father was as easy ________________________ as my mother.
9 我们应该养成这样的习惯:把不用的电器关掉。(it; rule)
We should ______________________________ turn off the electrical appliances when we don’t use them.
10 是否举行运动会还没有决定。(decide)
________________________________________ has not been decided.
11 Mike认为和Jack争论那问题是愚蠢的。(it)
Mike thought it _____________________________________ Jack about the problem.
12 有许多问题要解决，他感到不知所措。(with)
_________________________________________, he was at a loss.
13 这椅子坐起来很舒适。(sit)
The chair is comfortable ____________________________.
14 爱别人胜于被爱。
To love is better _____________________________________.
完成句子 Keys：
1 I feel it an honour to be asked to speak here.
2 He could do nothing but wait patiently.
3 He is the only person to do the job.
4 There are many things to talk about.
5 Do you think him easy to get on with?
6 He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
7He hurried to the ticket office, only to be told no tickets was available\ all the tickets had been sold out.
8 I wished that my father was as easy to please as my mother.
9 We should make it a rule to turn off the electrical appliances when we don’t use them.
10 Whether to hold the sports meeting has not been decided.
11 Mike thought it stupid to argue with Jack about the problem.
12 With a lot of problems to solve, he was at a loss.
13 The chair is comfortable to sit on.
14 To love is better to be loved.
高中英语动词不定式用法大全
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词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式的用法有哪些
动词不定式的用法有哪些？ 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是：to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。现就以下几方面介绍如下: 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, expect,plan,begin,start,ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如：I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。 如：Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不定式有时和一连接代（副）词一起构成宾语。 如：I don’t know what to say.我不知道说什么。 3. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： （1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如：You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 （2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear,have等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如：I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see y ou come in. 我没看见你进来。 （3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。 如：Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday？ 为什么不休个假呢? （4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。 如：I have no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实我别无选择。What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？ （5）为了避免重复，不定式可省去to。 如：I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 对于想什么或说什么，我真
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)
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动词不定式用法大全
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不带to的动词不定式讲课教案
不带to的动词不定式有哪些 不定式是英语动词的非限定形式之一，是英语中一种非常活跃的语言现象，不带to的不定式（bare infinitive）是我们学习、掌握和运用这一语法现象的难点。本文的目的就是要对不带to的不定式作一粗浅的探讨。首先要指出的是，不带to的不定式的使用实际上非常普遍，主要用在情态动词和助动词will，shall，would，should，can，could，may，might，must…以及在作为情态动词的need和dare之后。但因为这一点在学习英语的过程中极易掌握，故不在此赘述。除此以外，在下列情况下也要使用不带to的动词不定式。 1．在see，feel，hear，watch，observe，listen to，look at, notice等感官动词或短语以及let，have，make等表示祈使意义的动词后面；不定式作宾语补足语不能带to；help后面的不定式可以不带to，也可以保留to；know在一定的条件下，后面的不定式作宾语补足语时可以不带to。例如： I saw the man come out of the house． I heard her say that she was from Japan． We felt the house shake． They watched the sun sink into the sea． Did you notice him stop？ They did not observe Jim come in and go upstairs． She was listening to him climb the stairs． Look at the boy run！ I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her． I had him mend my watch． Electricity makes motors run． He helped me（to）plant trees． I have never known him sing so beautifully． 不带to的动词不定式跟在上述动词后面时，情况比较复杂，有以下几个问题须特别注意： （1）当上述句子变成被动语态时，原来作宾语补足语的不定式则相应地成为主语补足语。这时，不定式就一定要带to，以上述句子为例：
动词不定式的基本用法
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动词不定式的用法荟萃
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inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
英语动词不定式大全
英语动词不定式大全 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一。带to的不定式结构 1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come 等。 2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二。不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。 "Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。 Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休
动词不定式的教学设计
动词不定式的教学设计 课题名称：Grammar Revision:Infinitive 姓名：江国平工作单位：学科年级：八年级教材版本：一、教学内容分析 本课时是人教版《英语》第二册第7与第8单元的语法复习课，主要内容是关于动词不定式各个句法功能的介绍加之了大量的练习。 二、教学目标 一、知识目标： 1.Students are able to learn what the infinitive is. 2.Students can grasp the various forms of the different tense and the voice of the infinitive. 二、能力目标： 1.Students can use the infinitive rightly. 2.Students can tell the different syntax-function of the infinitive. 三、情感目标： 1.Students can learn to cooperate with others and finish task by themselves or in group. 2.Students can also compete with others and form good learning habits. 三、学习者特征分析 本节课的授课是初二学生，该班学生普遍活泼开朗，兴趣广泛，愿意展示自己。但是，学生的语言基础不好还比较低，口头表达能力不好。在设计中要充分利用好动、愿意涨势自我的优点，通过多种课堂组织形式来调动设计枯燥的语法课中，加入游戏，小组竞争等等让学生在这种紧张又快乐的环境中学会语言。 四、教学策略选择与设计 该节课是初二语法模块的教案，由于考试日期临近，复习时采用了边讲边练，连接中考考点让学生在上课过获得成就感，并且培养自信意识。 五、教学重点及难点 重点：Students can grasp the usage of the infinitive. 难点：Students can use the infinitive rightly in the exercises. 六、教学过程 教师活动预设学生活动
动词不定式用法及练习题-L105
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动词不定式教案
动词不定式教案 教学目标 1.学会什么是动词不定式 2.会使用动词不定式 重难点 1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法 教学步骤 Grammar: 动词不定式 Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能 1. 作主语：The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。 → The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster? 不定式作主语常见句型： a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式 eg. It’s my dut y to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School. c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher. 2. 作表语：当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主 语所包含内容。 eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan. 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see. 3.作宾语 The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”. a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等 I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用 动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。 The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster. b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。 一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实 义动词do, does, did时，通常省略to。 Eg. We have no choice but to wait. Cf. We can do nothing but wait.
非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
动词不定式教案教学提纲
动词不定式教案
1. Teacher says and shows some En ligh sentence and let stude nts to guess. 2. stude nts try to un dersta nd and guess. ① .Mrs Gao in vites us to guess who XXX is/are ② XXX sdream is to go to university ③ XXX wa nt to find a good job. ④ So XXX get up so early as to study. ⑤ XXX has/have many En glish papers to do. ⑥ But XXX don ' t hate Mrs Gao,because XXX know that it's XXX to spe nd all our time on studies. I. play. 2.Students answer and fill in the following table in group. 1. Teacher shows the syn tax-f un cti on of the infin itive (subject,object,predicative,compleme nt,attribute,adverbial) 2. Stude nts follow teacher to lear n the new kon wledge. 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表 语、宾语、宾语补足语、 定语和状语。 一、不定式做主语： I .Lead-in (guessi ng) n .Finding rules and fill in table. 川.Present a tion (the syn tax- function)and exercise s duty
(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式教案和练习
Infinitives 动词不定式 教学目标： 1. 掌握动词不定式的几种形式 2. 掌握动词不定式在句子中可以作什成分 3. 掌握动词不定式用法/功能 4. 掌握运用动词不定式注意事项教学难点：动词不定式用法教学方法：通过放映幻灯片，教师讲解，学生思考，最后总结的方法来实现本课的教学任务。 教学过程： Stepl.出示幻灯片让学生了解动词不定式的几种形式 1. 动词不定式的基本形式 to + 动词原形 有时可以不带to( 秃头不定式) 2. 动词不定式的否定形式 not/never + to do not/never + do 3. 不定式的逻辑主语 It ' s good for you to do morning exercises. The question is too difficult for us to answer. It 'toso dark for me to see anything room. It ' s very kind of you to think of the others. 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个for(of) 引起的短语。for(of) 的宾语叫不定式的逻辑主语。 Step2. 请学生思考：动词不定式在句子中可以作什成分？学生得出结论： 1. 作主语 2. 作宾语 3. 作宾语补足语 4. 作定语 5. 作状语 5. 作状语 6. 作表语 7. 与疑问词等连用 Step3. 出示幻灯片让学生根据总结结果加强记忆。 Step4. 讨论动词不定式用法/功能，并总结： (1) . 作主语 To see is to believe. It ' s exciting to surf on the Internet in the 介词
动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语
名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…‖的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成―It is… to…‖的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语
动词不定式用法归纳
动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange安排mean意欲，打算begin开始expect期望appear似乎，显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨，厌恶pretend假装ask问need需要agree同意desire 愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish 希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱；烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢，宁愿care关心，喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope希望promise承诺，允许start开始undertake承接want想要intend想要refuse拒绝decide决定learn学习contrive设法，图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek找，寻觅try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别 d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep．