语法填空讲课用 文档 (2)

高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法

语法填空题—能力要求

2014级用

1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;

2、分析句子结构的能力;

3、熟练运用语法的能力。

命题揭密

根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：

(1)纯空格题：通常考等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词

(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考_____、_____________________________、________________等。一个空格可以填个单词

语法填空

要求根据上下文填入动词(verb)、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)等词或其适当形式

Discuss the following sentences with your partners, and try to find out some similarities of the words we use.

考点一冠词无提示词之前

1.Once there were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.

2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. he was [35]_____ shy , nervous perfectionist.

3. …the head of the village was tyi ng up his horse to my car to pull it

to small town some 20 kilometers away.

考查语法点: 的用法

[解题技巧]

下列情况很可能填：

(1)________+可数名词(单数)；

(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。

下列情况下很可能填：

(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；

(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；

(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。

1 He’s ___ amazing singer, a music video director, and he ……

2 __ university/European/unique

building/useful book

3 This is ____ law of American—of all successful people.

4 hour

honest boy

_____ 8-year-old boy

X-ray photo/umbrella/American

考点二：_____

?无提示词：注意搭配问题

?与名词连用构成介宾短语担任_____ 等

?与不及物动词构成动词短语接_____ 。

1. In short, I believe that it is [39]________ great use to keep a dairy in English…

2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic smile I had ever seen.

3. She found some good quality pipes_________ sale.

4. He was very tired _______________ doing this for a whole day…

考查语法点: _____ 的基本用法及惯用搭配

考点三：_____ 无提示词

?作主语用_____ ，作宾语用_____ ，注意形容词性和名词性物主代词的区别。

?指示代词（that和this，these和those）,不定代词，it,反身代词等的用法

1. She remembered how difficult _________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.

2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _____ .

3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _____ want to say it again: a smile…

考查语法点: _____ 的基本用法

[解题技巧]

因句子的主语或宾语主要由_____ 、动名词等充当，而名词、代词、动名词、等词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。

考点四：并列连词或动名词、连词

?无提示词两个主谓结构连接

1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains 16 the area is called the Black Country. (2014广州一模)

2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local sky black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.

3. Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.

4. One day, he came up with an idea _____ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches

考查语法点: 各类复合句中从属连词的用法

[解题技巧]

(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but，so，for，either…or…等。

(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。

根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, or so，for，either…or…等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。

考点五：谓语动词

?有提示词

?与主语构成主谓结构

1. I was certain she would like it because I_______(tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.

2. His fear of failure ________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.

3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.

考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致

考点六：非谓语动词

?有提示词

?常考查doing/done/to do的用法

1. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift.

2.…I then not iced that I had just 10 minutes left ____________

(complete) the rest!

3. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her.

4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).

5.……____________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.

6. The young student did all that he could______(pass)the examinations.

7. Some people say the oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ____________(success.)

8.He is the last school.

9. She is the only person the job.

考查语法点: 非谓语动词doing/done/to do等的使用

注意：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用形式。

注意：名词前有first, second,…last, only修饰时，后面要用做后置定语。

考点七：词性转换

?有提示词

?介词、冠词、所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词、副词修饰形容词副词、动词或整个句子

1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude).

2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.

3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______ (nature) course.

4. ____________ (doubt), although there is still room for this policy to improve, I think it is still a good one which does more good than harm to the students and the nation. 考查语法点: 各类词词性的正确使用及转化

考点八：形容词的级

?有提示词

?通常有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级

1.One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher…

2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words.

When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt __________ (lonely) than I had expected that night.

3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _________ (great) writers of our time.(双语报)

一．根据句子结构，确定词性

二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形

冠词定冠词,不定冠词

代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词，疑问代词连词并列句及复合句

介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配

谓语动词谓语动词的____态及____态, 及____一致

非谓语非谓语动词to do, doing, done 及变形

词性变化词汇, 构词法

解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据

1. 通读全文,理解大意

2. 分析句子,确定词性

3. 根据语义, 确定词形

4. 检查搭配, 前后连贯

学习建议：

１、掌握单词、词组

２、懂得分析句子结构

３、多听、多说、多读、多写，增强语感

Homework

?Review what we have learned today.

?Finish the following exercise.

I crossed the street to avoid 1 (meet) him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use 2 (pretend) that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy 3 (meet) Nigel Dykes. He never has anything

4 (do). No matter how busy you are, he always insists on

5 (come) with you.

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