第三册第一部分unitthree

Unit Three

1. I hear an underground railway station is going to be built in your neighbourhood.

1) hear vt.

（1）听说（多跟从句）

I hear you want a secretary. 我听说你需要一个秘书。

Mr. Smith had heard that they were leaving shortly for South Africa.

史密斯先生已经听说他们不久将去南非。

“hear”可用在插入语中，如：

The neighbourhood is now, I hear, quite peaceful.

我听说附近一带现在相当地平静安宁。

在上述两种用法中一般不能用进行时，间或可以用，表示“反复听说（到）”。

I have been hearing a lot of things about you since I’ve been back in this country. 自从我回国以来经常听到关于你的许多事。

(2)听见，听到（多作vt.）

A）跟名词或代词

They both heard a knock at the side-door.他们两人都听见了边门的敲门声。

As a friend of yours, I want to tell you what I hear.

作为你的朋友，我想把我所听到的告诉你。

B）跟带不定式的复合结构

Oh, Robert, I didn’t hear you come in. 哦，罗伯特，我没听见你进来。

It’s so quiet you could hear a pin drop!

周围是如此安静，你甚至可以听到一根针掉在地上的声音！

“hear”可用于被动结构，这时不定式要带to

She was heard to leave the house. 有人听到她离开家了。

C) 跟带现在分词的复合结构

She could hear the rain pattering against the windows.

她能听见雨点正拍打着窗户。

You could hear her singing as she ran upstairs.

你可以听见她跑上楼梯时正唱着歌。

“hear”可用于被动结构：

Voice were heard calling for help. 有人正在喊救命。

*在这种结构中现在分词多表示一个正在进行的动作，如：

I heard the wind blowing. (“blowing”表示“风正在刮”)

而在前面带不定式的结构中，不定式表示的是一个完成的动作，如：

I heard the door open. (“open”表示“已打开了”。)

D）跟带过去分词的结构

She heard the front door shut. 她听见前门被关上了。

I’ve heard him criticized many times. 我已经听见过他被批评过好几次了。

2) underground adj. 地下的，秘密的

an underground railway 一条地下铁道

an underground press 一个地下印刷所

underground activities 地下活动

underground workers 地下工作者

underground n. 地下铁道（＝subway(A.E.)）

by underground 乘地铁

2. Construction is already under way.

be under way 在进行之中

Our plans are under way. 我们的计划正在执行中。

All the preparation are well under way. 一切准备工作正在顺利进行中。

be under consideration 在考虑中

be under construction 在建造中

3. Some walls have been knocked down and some houses have been pulled down.

1) knock down (down为副词)

（1）拆除（掉），拆卸

They are going to knock down those old buildings soon.

他们不久将要拆除那些旧建筑物。

The machine will be knocked down before being packed for shipment.

这台机器在包装货运之前将被拆卸掉。

（2）打倒，撞倒

A bus knocked her down. 一辆公共汽车把她撞倒了。

He knocked down the thief with one blow of his fist.他一拳把那个贼打倒在地。2) pull down 拆（房子）

They are pulling down the house in the street. 他们正在拆毁街上的房子。

It is easier to pull down than to build up. 拆除一幢房子比建造一幢房子要容易。

4. Not too much yet.

1)这里相当于 The traffic hasn’t been affected too much yet. 交通还未受到太多

的影响。

“too much”修饰动词 affect

当too much 修饰名词时，只能接不可数名词，如：

too much water 太多的水

too many 修饰复数的可数名词，如：

too many books 太多的书

much too 修饰形容词或副词，如：

much too short 太短了

2）block

（1）block vt. 堵住，阻塞

They blocked the entrance to the cave with big rocks.

他们用巨石将洞口堵塞起来。

You can’t leave the city. All the roads are blocked by snow.

你出不了这座城市了，所有的道路都被积雪给堵塞了。

(2)block vt. 阻碍，阻挡

Her sickness blocks my plans for the party. 她的病阻止了我去参加晚会的计划。

The player tried to block his opponent. 这位球员试图挡住他对手（的前进）。

(3)block n. 一大块（木头、石头等）；街段；阻塞，障碍物

a block of wood 一大块石头

a block of ice 一大块冰

You go two blocks, and then turn left. 你走过两个街区然后向左拐。

There was a block in the pipe and the water couldn’t flow away.

水管里有一障碍物，水流不走的。

5. in three years or so

or so “大约，约莫,,，左右”，一般放在所修饰词的后面

She had a little money, ten pounds or so. 她有点钱，大约10英镑。

He was a man of twenty-five or so. 他在25岁左右。

可以用about替代or so，但about放在所修饰词前，如：

in about three years.

6. That sounds splendid.

1)sound link v. 听起来，似乎

（1）跟形容词

How sweet the music sounds! 这段音乐听起来多优美动听啊！

The report sounds true. 这份报告听来是真实的。

（2）跟名词

Your idea sounds (like) a good one. 你的这个主意听起来不错。

She sounded a modest woman. 她似乎是个谦逊有礼貌的妇女。

7.Rain becomes acid when it combines with carbon dioxide in the air.

1)combine vt.&vi.

(1)combine vi. 联合，合交，化合

The two countries combined together against their enemy.

这两个国家联合起来共同抗击他们的敌人。

combine with 化合成,,

Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. = Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. 氢和氧化合成水。

(2)combine vt. 把,,结合起来，联合，合并

combine,with,

We should combine theory with practice. 我们应当把理论和实际联系起来。

Some films combine education with recreation.

有些影片使教育和娱乐融合在一起。

Education must be combined with productive labour.

教育必须和生产劳动相结合。

（3）combination n.

结合，联合（不可数）

The combination of yellow and blue forms green. 黄色和蓝色合成绿色。

结合体，联合体（可数）

John and Tom are a strong combination at football.

John 和Tom 在踢足球方面组合得很好。

组合（可数）

Some possible combination of x, y, and z are xy, xz, and yz.

x,y,z三个字母的一些可能的组合是xy, xz和yz.

8．，factory chimneys pour back smoke into,

1)pour vt. 颠倒

pour,into,把,,倒入,,

新标准大学英语综合教程3课后解答

新标准大学英语3 Unit1 Active reading(1) 4. b c c d c a 5.productive attendance resistance ambitious acceptance script impressive 6.attendance ambitious productive impressive resistance script acceptance 7.mortgage deck surf coastal;defy lengthy 8.b a b b b a b b Active reading(2) 4.triple cemetery rear biography cram budding finite elapse 5.elapsed;cemetery rear;crammed triple budding;biography finite 6.a b a a b b a a 7.a b b a a b b b a Language in use 6.(1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无

一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。 （2）明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下滴答滴答地走着，每分钟顺时针走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它就会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了“本可以做”“本应该做”“本来会做”的事情。 7.(1)Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university .Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future , because future is full of uncertainties. （2）After a very careful check-up ,the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease .Although he knew that his life was ticking away ,instead of complaining about the fate ,the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days ,and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated ,and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule.

新标准大学英语3unit2CulturalChildhoods原文译文

Cultural Childhoods不同文化的童年 1 When I look back on my own childhood in the 1970s and 1980s and compare it with children today, it reminds me of that famous sentence "The past is a foreign country: They do things differently there" (from L. P. Hartley's novel The Go-Between). Even in a relatively short period of time, I can see the enormous transformations that have taken place in children's lives and in the ways they are thought about and treated. 每当我回顾20世纪七八十年代我的童年时光，并将它与现在孩子的童年相比较时，就会想起句名言：“往昔是异国他乡，那里有着不同的习俗”（可参见L.P.哈特利的小说《传信人》）。甚至在相对短暂的一段时间内，我也能够察觉到儿童的生活以及人们对待儿童的方式上所经历的巨大变化。 2.Looking further back I can see vast differences between contemporary and historical childhoods. Today, children have few responsibilities, their lives are characterized by play not work, school not paid labour, family rather than public life and consumption instead of production. Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred years ago, a 12 year old working in a factory would have been perfectly acceptable. Now, it would cause social services' intervention and the prosecution of both parents and factory owner. 回顾更久远的岁月，我可以看到现在和古代童年生活的巨大差别。如今的儿童责任很少，他们生活的主要内容是玩耍而非工作，上学而非劳动，在家里呆着而不是和外界交往，消费而非生产。这种变化也是最近才显现出来的。一百年前，12 岁的孩子在工厂打工是完全可以接受的事情，而现在，这会招来社会服务机构的介入，其父母和工厂主会被起诉。 3. The differences between the expectations placed on children today and those placed on them in the past are neatly summed up by two American writers, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English. Comparing childhoods in America today with those of the American colonial period (1600–1776), they have written: "Today, a four year old who can tie his or her shoes is impressive. In colonial times, four-year-old girls knitted stockings and mittens and could produce intricate embroidery: At age six they spun wool. A good, industrious little girl was called 'Mrs‘instead of 'Miss' in appreciation of her contribution to the family economy: She was not, strictly speaking, a child." 有两位美国作家，芭芭拉·埃伦里奇和迪尔德丽·英格利希，她们简要地概括了过去和现在人们对儿童的期待的差异。在比较美国现在的儿童和殖民地时期（1600–1776）的儿童时，她们写道：“今天，如果一个四岁的孩子能自己系鞋带就很了不起了。而在殖民地时期，四岁的女孩会织长筒袜和连指手套，能做复杂的刺绣，六岁就能纺毛线了。一个善良勤快的女孩被称为‘夫人’而不是‘小姐’，这是为了表彰她对家庭经济的贡献，严格说来她不是一个孩子了。” 4 These changing ideas about children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a "social construction". They use this term to mean that understandings of childhood are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they are different and what expectations are placed on them, change according to the society in which they live. 对儿童的看法不断变化着，这使得许多社会科学家宣称童年是一种“社会建构”。他们用这个术语来说明不同的地区对童年的理解是不一样的，虽然所有社会都承认儿童与成年人有区别，至于他们之间有何不同，人们对儿童又有何期待，不同的社会给出了不一样的答案。

新标准大学英语综合教程3 6-10单元 课后答案

Active reading (1) Last man down: the fireman’s story Language points 1 Last man down: the fireman’s story (Title) The expression last man down, similar to last man standing, refers to the survivor or winner. The last man down from the tower before it collapsed would be one of the bravest. 2 There were about two dozen of us by the bank of elevators ... (Para 2) A bank of elevators means a set of lifts. 3 Some had their turnout coats off, or tied around their waists. (Para 2) Turnout coats are the uniform firefighters wear when they turn out for a fire. 4 Others were raring to go. (Para 2) The expression raring to go is an old form of rearing up, and means being eager to go like a horse. 5 All of us were taking a beat to catch our breaths, and our bearings, figure out what the hell was going on. (Para 2) To take a beat means to rest for a moment. A bearing is an exact compass reading measured in degrees. To take your bearings is to find where you are. Here it means both physically and mentally. 6 We’d been at this thing, hard, for almost an hour, some a little bit less, and we were nowhere close to done. (Para 2) To be at this thing is a slang expression which means to work on this mission. The expression nowhere close to done means someone is far from completing their

新标准大学英语综合教程3课文summary

↓↓↓ 大英3课文Summary UNIT 1 1.1 catching crabs In the fall of our final year,our mood changed.The relaxed atmosphere had disappeared, and peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Meanwhile,at the back of everyone’s mind was what we would do next after graduation. As for me,I wanted to travel,and I wanted to be a writer.I braced myself for some resistance to the idea from my father,who wanted me to go to law school,and follow his path through life. However,he supported what I wanted but he made me think about it by watching the crabs.The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape,but each time it reached the top the other crabs pulled it back.In the end it gave up lengthy struggle to escape and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.By watching crabs,my father told me not to be pulled back by others,and to get to know himself better. 1.2We are all dying Life is short.We never quite know when we become coffin dwellers or trampled ash in the rose garden of some local ceremony.So there’s no p oint in putting our dreams on the back burner until the right time arrives.Now is the time to do what we want to do. Make the best of our short stay and fill our life with the riches on offer so that when the reaper arrives,we’ve achieved much instead of regrets. UNIT 2 2.1superman The extract from Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams by Sylvia Plath is a combination of her real life and imaginary life in her childhood.In the real life,Plath was a winner of the prize for drawing the best Civil Defense signs,lived by an airport and had an Uncle who bore resemblance to Superman.In her imagination,the airport was her Mecca and Jerusalem because of her flying dreams.Superman fulfilled her dream at the moment. David Stirling,a bookish boy,also worship Superman.During the recess at school,he and the author played Superman https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5a2067083.html,pared with their school-mates who played the routine games,they felt they were outlaws but had a sense of windy superiority.They also found a stand-in,Sheldon Fein, who later invented tortures. 2.2cultual childhoods Historically,childhood has undergone enormous transformations in terms of children’s responsibilities and parental expectations.Culturally,childhood is socially constructed.The interplay of history and cultural leads to different understanding of childhood,consequently it is advisable not to impose ideas from one culture to understand childhood in another culture. UNIT 3 3.1how we listen For the sake of clarify,we split up the process of listening to music into three hypothetical planes.Firstly,the sensuous plane.It is a kind of brainless but attractive state of mind engendered

UnitThree单元测试(牛津8B)

一、选择（15） 1 The basketball match is so ______ that we all feel quite ______. A bored, boring B boring, bored C bored, bored D boring, boring 2 How long may I ________ these magazines? A. borrow B. keep C get D. lend 3 I didn’t know the im portance of health ________ I lost it. A. until B. after C. when D. because 4 The old must _______ politely. A be spoken B be spoken to D speak D speak to 5 There ________ nothing serious with the patient. A. seem B. seems C. seems to have D. seems to be 6 I think you’d better spend as little time as you can ______ computer games. A. play B. played C. playing D. to play 7 It’s really not ________ for us to do _______ work. A. delighted; such a hopeless B. delightful; such meaningless C. delighted; so hopeless a D. delightful; so meaningless 8 The places you have visited will ___________ red on the map. A mark in B be marked in C mark with D be marked with 9 Mike is _______. A a 8-year-old boy B an 8-years-old boy C a boy of 8 year old D a boy of 8 years old 10 You will never forget these happy _______ in France, _______? A. experience; won’t you B. experience; will you C. experiences; won’t you D. experiences; will you 11 __________ wonderful music he is playing! He ______ be a teenager. A. What; can’t B. What a ; mustn’t C. what; mustn’t D. How; can’t 12 Millie looks unhappy today. What _____ to her? A happened B did happen C has happened D was happened 13 The little boy ____ as soon as he was put on the bed. A fall sleep B fell sleep C felt asleep D fell asleep 14 The personal computer ____ well, it _____. A is sold, sells out B is sold, is sold out C sells, sells out D sells, is sold out 15 –Would you mind my sitting here? --____. The seat is for my cousin. A Certainly B Of course not C No, you wouldn’t D Sorry, you’d better not 二．根据所给的中文，用正确的形式填空。(10) 1 The novel is ________ in France. (以…为背景) 2 He is good at writing computer __________. (程序) 3 The ______________ CD-ROM is very popular among students. (教育) 4 Do you know the ____________ names of the computer games? (设计者) 5 If you answer a question ___________, you’ll lose a point. (正确) 6 He has lots of _____________ of English grammar. (知识) 7 The cat has caught five __________. (老鼠) 8 Is English _________ used around the world? (广泛) 9 He has just received two _____________ from abroad. (包裹) 10 Speaking another language __________ is more difficult than speaking it without any mistakes.

新标准大学英语综合教程3课文原文

We all listen to music according to our separate , for the sake of analysis, the whole listening process may become clearer if we break it up into its component parts, so to certain sense we all listen to music on three separate lack of a better terminology, one might name these: 1) the sensuous plane, 2) the expressive plane, 3) the sheerly musical only advantage to be gained from mechanically splitting up the listening process into these hypothetical planes is the clearer view to be had of the way in which we listen. The simplest way of listening to music is to listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound is the sensuous is the plane on which we hear music without thinking, without considering it in any turns on the radio while doing something else andabsent-mindedly bathes in the kind of brainless but attractive state of mind is engendered by the mere sound appeal of the music. The surprising thing is that many people who consider themselves qualified music lovers abuse that plane in go to concerts in order to lose use music as a consolation or an enter an ideal world where one doesn’t have to think of the realities of everyday course they aren’t thinking about the music allows them to leave it, and they go off to a place to dream, dreaming because of and apropos of the music yet never quite listening to it. Yes, the sound appeal of music is a potent and primitive force, but you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of your sensuous plane is an important one in music, a very important one, but it does not constitute the whole story. The second plane on which music exists is what I have called the expressive , immediately, we tread on controversial have a way of shying away from any discussion of music’s expressive not Stravinsky himself proclaim that his music was an “object”, a “thing”, with a life of its own, and with no other meaning than its own purely musical existenceThis intransigent attitude of Stravinsky’s may be due to the fact that so many people have tried to read different meanings into so many knows it is difficult enough to say precisely what it is that a piece of music means, to say it definitely to say it finally so that everyone is satisfied with your that should not lead one to the other extreme of denying to music the right to be “expressive”. Listen, if you can,to the 48 fugue themes of Bach’s Well-tempered to each theme, one after will soon realize that each theme mirrors a different world of will also soon realize that the more beautiful a theme seems to you the harder it is to find any word that will describe it to your complete , you will certainly know whether it is a gay theme or a sad will be able, on other words, in your own mind, to draw a frame of emotional feeling around your study the sad one a little closer. Try to pin down the exact quality of its it pessimistically sad or resignedly sad; is it fatefully sad or smilingly sadLet us suppose that you are fortunate and can describe to your own satisfaction in so many words the exact meaning of your chosen is still no guarantee that anyone else will be need they important thing is that each one feels for himself the specific expressive quality of a theme or, similarly, an entire piece of if it is a great work of art, don’t expect it to mean exactly the same thing to you each time you return to it. The third plane on which music exists is the sheerly musical the pleasurable sound of music and the expressive feeling that it gives off, music does exist in terms of the notes themselves and of their listeners are not sufficiently conscious of this third plane. It is very important for all of us to become more alive to music on its sheerly musical all, an actual musical material is being intelligent listener must be prepared to increase his awareness of the musical material and what happens to must hear the melodies, the rhythms, the harmonies, the tone colors in a more conscious above all he must, in order to follow the line of the composer’s thought, know something of the principles of musical to all of these elements is listening to the sheerly musical plane. Let me repeat that I have split up mechanically the three separate planes on which we listen merely for the sake of greater clarity. Actually, we never listen on one or the other of these we do is to correlate them—listening in all three ways at the same takes no mental effort, for we do it instinctively Perhaps an analogy with what happens to us when we visit the theater will make this instinctive correlation the theater, you are aware of the actors and actresses, costumes and sets, sounds and these give one the sense that the theater is a pleasant place to be constitute the sensuous plane in our theatrical reactions. The expressive plane in the theater would be derived from the feeling that you get from what is happening on the are moved to pity, excitement, or is this general feeling, generated aside from the particular words being spoken, a certain emotional something which exists on the stage,that isanalogous to the expressive quality in music. The plot and plot development is equivalent to our sheerly musical playwright creates and develops a character in just the same way that a composer creates and develops a to the degree of your awareness of the way in which the artist in either field handles his material will you become a more intelligent is easy enough to see that the theatergoer never is conscious of any of these elements is aware of them all at the same same is true of music simultaneously and without thinking listen on all three planes. It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when info rmed that they will someday have to “go to work and make a living”. The problem is that they cannot visualize what work is in corporate Americ a. Not so long ago, when a parent said he was off to work, the child knew very well what was about to happen. His parent was going to make something or fix something. T

模块五UnitThree基础知识检测

模块五Unit Three 基础知识检测 姓名 一：单词拼写 1. Two hundred people lost their homes as a direct c of the storm. 2.. Thousands of children were a by foreign families after the war. 3. We should never toy with the customers only for economic p . 4. No one is to leave the building without my p . 5. From his f look, I guess he must have found something horrible. 6. A scientific diet provides balanced n for your body. 7. The _______________ (大多数)of students find it hard to accept the new theory. 8. The manager thought she was （可靠的）so that he told her every detail of his plan. 9. Therefore, we cannot ______________(确认) that food from cloned animals is safe to eat. 10. The ____________ (准确性) of the information in the file has been questioned. 二：用所给动词适当形式填空 1. “Can’t you read?” said the man angrily ________ (point) to the sign on the wall. 2. The man ________ (catch) stealing proved to be mentally ill. 3. _____________________(observe) the problem for many years, he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem. 4. __________ (leave) alone, the baby began to cry. 5. Most beginners will take up a book, __________ (determine) to master every word of it, only to give it up in the end. 6. ______________(consider) his age, the little boy read very well. 7. I can’t get my car _________(run) on cold mornings, so I have to try ________ （fill）the radiator(冷却器) with some hot water. 8. We’d better keep a secret of the things _____________________here now (discuss). 9. The summer vocation __________(be) over, John returned to school from his hometown. 10. The star is said ____________________ (leave) the stage already as he has become an official. 三：词组翻译 1. 玩弄，摆弄 2. 不完全是，不确切 3. 带有….意图 4. 吊销执照 5. 待售 6. 犯罪 7. 取得突破8. 对….做出判断 9. 耗尽体力，累垮10. 公共关系 11. 效仿某人12. 实施一个调查 13. 赞成，有利于14. 盈利