高中情态动词讲解

情态动词专项讲解

1. China is developing its high-speed train technology fast, so it _____be good enough to catch up with the best.

A. may

B. might

C. must

D. should

2. Then some other interesting reasons appear, such as ―It's so smoggy that I ______find my way to office."

A. mustn’t

B. won’t

C. can’t

D. shouldn’t

3. "The world is big, and I want to see it," wrote a teacher in her resignation letter. _____ you quit your job to travel the world?

A. Must

B. Might

C. Should

D. Would

【答案揭晓】CCD

一、情态动词的定义

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能.应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。

1. No driving electric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shall obey in Fuzhou.

必须.一定（法律.法规等）动词原形

2. Women who are exposed to second-hand smoke during their pregnancy can be at risk of abortion.能，会，可以(表示有能力或机会) 动词原形

二、常考情态动词的关键用法

(一) can

1. －Jim，it is time you went to bed．You need to get up early tomorrow.

－It’s not fair，Mary can stay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight.

可以(表示允许)

2.If it were not for the fact that she can't sing，I would invite her to the party.

能，会，可以(表示有能力)

3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes don't have to be thrown away

能够，可以(表示某事物的特点)

4.Peter can be really difficult to get along with at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

有可能;有时会

5. I cannot choose but to go.

不能，无法(用于否定句，表示情况不允许)

6.I cannot thank you enough,it has been a wonderful day.

再.....也不为过( 也可以用can never/hardly.....too much)

7.—Is Jack on duty today? —It can't be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.

不可能(can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，此句表对现在的猜测)

8.—Can he have been chosen as captain of the football team? —Yes, he must have.

可能（can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，can have done表示对过去的猜测猜测）

9. This old lady was struggling out of the train and I said, 'Oh, can I help you?'

能(通常用于疑问句，表示建议或提议帮忙)

10. Can you just lift the table for a second?

(用于疑问句时,can 表示礼貌的请求，而can't 表示强烈请求）

(二) could

1.For my return journey, I felt I could afford the extra and travel first class

能;会(表示发生在过去的能力)

2.–I feel bored with nothing interesting to do.

--You could watch TV. There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening.

可以(表示提议或建议)

3. –Could I have a look? --Of course you can.

表许可（委婉的语气用could，回答时用can）

4. An improvement in living standards could be years away.

可能(表示某事可能属实或可能发生，对将来或者现在发生事情的肯定猜测)

5.When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board couldn't have thought_ that only half of

可能(could have done，只用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的猜测)

them would return again. 高.考.资.源.网

6. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.

(could have done用于肯定句中，表虚拟语气，表示过去本有可能发生的事情但却并未发生，不能使用can’t have done的形式)

（三）be able to

1.Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a stude nt’s academic proficiency（学业水平）,they will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities（潜力）

【解析】be able to 解释为“能够”，有各种时态的形式。

注：can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, could．

be able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多．

可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim.

但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big fire in time.

只能说：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.

(四) may

1.Every one of us may plant a tree in the school, or organize a thorough cleaning on the campus.

可以(表许可)

2. （1）Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they may just be quiet people.

有可能，也许(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，此例表示对现在某种情况的猜测）

（2）You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers may not like the design of the furniture. 也许，可能(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，may not 为“可能不”的意思)

（3）I can’t find my purse anywhere. —You may have lost it while shopping.

(may表猜测，may have done表示对过去或者现现在已经完成的动作的肯定猜测)

3.May God bless you!

祝;但愿

(五) might

1.I was wondering if I might ask you a favor?

可不可以，能否(用于礼貌地打断别人.提出问题.做出请求或引出接下来要说的话)

2.—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? —Sorry，I am not sure.But it might be.

可能(表不是很有把握的猜测，语气比may 弱)

3.—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

—You might have put it in the wrong place.

(might表猜测，might have done则表示对过去或者现已完成的动作的肯定猜测=may have done)

4. I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I might have driven her there.

（此处，might have done表虚拟语气，意为“过去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做”）

5.This holiday isn’t much fun; we might\may as well be back home.

只好(做);(做…)也无妨

(六) will

1.The low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.

将（表示将来）

2.You will carry out these instructions and report back into this afternoon.

(表示将来的正式安排)

3.He will become her senior adviser--- her deputy, if you will.

愿意

4.-----Anyone, answer the phone? ------ I will.

临时的决定

5. Mary will sit for hours reading.

The window will not open, however hard he tries.

表现在经常反复的动作或者趋向

6. Man will die without air.

表必然性

(七) would

1.John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and he has never smoked ever since.

（will 的过去式，用于转述）将

2.Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beginning of the play.

She’d be a fool to accept it.

将，将会(表示判断或看法)

3.She wouldn’t change it even though she knew it was wrong.

不愿(表示意愿)

4.When he had a problem to solve，he would work at it until he found an answer.

常常（表示过去的习惯）

She would be always the first to offer to help.

The car wouldn’t start this morning.

老是，总是（表趋向）

(八) shall

1.We/I shall call you back this afternoon.

(表将来用于No.1人称)

2.--- Has Mr. Tom White arrived? --- Yes, already. Shall he wait outside or just come in?

(shall用在疑问句中，且主语为No.1/No.3人称，表示征求对方意见)

3.（1）—What does the sign over there read?

—―No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.‖

（2）―The interest s hall be divided into five parts，according to the agreement made by both sides，‖declared the

judge.

（3）You shall get the answer tomorrow.

（4）They shall not be allowed in after 11 p.m.

(shall用在陈述句中，且主语为No.2/No.3人称时，表示允诺、命令、警告、决心或规定)

(九) should/ought to

1.—I think I’ll give Bob a ring. —You should. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.

应该;应当

2. (1) —Margaret should not stay at home all day long in front of the TV.

应该，必须(表示给出指示或公布官方命令)

(2) —That' s right．She ought to go to the fitness center with us.

应该，必须

3.There should not be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot

. 应该，可能(表示预期或可能性)

4.If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off

将要，假定要(用在虚拟条件从句中表示事件发生的可能性)

5.I insisted that we should have a look at every car

应该(用在某些动词、名词之后that引导的虚拟语气从句中)

6. It’s surprising/strange that he should be a thief.

竟然（用在某些adj./n. 之后that 引导的虚拟语气中）

7.—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. —You should have told her last week.

(should have done=ought to have done，表示本应该做的事而未做)

8.You oughtn’t to have been late for yesterday’S class meeting，as it was so important．

(ought not to have done=should not have done，表示过去本不该做的事却做了)

注：ought to与should的用法区别如下

1. 一般说来，两者可替换，只是ought to语气稍重。如：

You ought to/should go and see Mary. 你应该去看看玛丽。

2. 表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况而―应该‖做某事时，一般应用ought to，若用should则强调个人意见、主观看法。

如：We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will.

明天我们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为我们去不了。(此句不宜用should)。

3. 在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用should. 如：

You should not run alongside the swimming-pool. 不准在游泳池边奔跑

(十) must/ have to

1.—It’s the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. — Oh, sorry.

必须，应当(通常因为规定或法律)

2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations，you must take care of your luggage.

务必，一定要(用于表示建议或邀请)

John，look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?

偏偏，非要(用于问句中表示生气)

4. Tom，you mustn't leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

一定不要

—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? —She_must be_in the classroom. I saw her there just now.

很可能是，想必是，肯定是(must表猜测，只用于肯定句中，此句是对现在的猜测)

—Guess what？I have got A for my term paper.

—Great!You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.

(must have done表示据已知情况对过去情况进行肯定的推测，只用于肯定句中)

Some aspects of a pilot’s job can be boring，and pilots often have to work at inconvenient hours.

必须，不得不

—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

—You don’t have to do anything except to be with them and be yourself.

不必

【解析】have to和must

1) 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.

我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）

2) have to有人称.数.时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.

3）在否定结构中：don't have to 表示"不必" mustn't 表示"禁止"，

You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。

You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。

(十一) need/ dare

1. —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

—Well，it need not be big—that’s not important.

必要(need作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中)

2. —Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks.You needn’t have done it.I could manage it myself.

(needn’t have done 表示过去本不必做的事却做了)

3. I dare say you are British but you still need a passport to prove it.

可能，大概;想必，我想【固定搭配】

4. The goverment dare not raise interest rates again.

敢(dare作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中)

5. How dare you talk to me like that?

竟敢(dare作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中)

【解析】1.need/dare作情态动词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中，但I dare say 例外。

2.need 作为行为动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式；

可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。

如：（1）She needs help.她需要帮助。

（2）---Do I need to go at once? 我需要马上走吗？

区别Need I go at once?--- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

（3）It was Sunday and she didn’t need to go to work. So she stayed at home. (后加to，实义动词) She needn’t have gone to work that day. She could have stayed at home.（后加原形，情态动词）

3.dare用作实义动词，其后可带动词不定式，否定句中也可带省to不定式，且有人称和数以及时态的变化。例如：(1) I dare to jump down from the top of the wall. 我敢从那墙头上跳下来。

(2) She doesn't/didn’t dare (to) meet her teacher's eyes. 她不敢与老师对视。

三、情态动词重点用法小结

【注】对现在或者将来可能发生事情的猜测的结构为：

must/should/ought to/can’t/could/may/might + V(原形)

对过去可能发生事情的猜测的结构为：

must/ can’t/couldn’t/may/might + have V-ed

例如：He may/might/must/should be on his way home now.(现在)

I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep.（过去）

情态动词解题技巧

关键词：一情，二境，三时

(1) 认真审题，结合所给出的语境，正确把握说话者的语气.情感.态度.观点等。

(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。

(3) 要注意把握时间概念。

例如：

Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

过去“（要）没你”

A. can manage

B. could have managed

C. could manage

D. can have managed

根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A.C两项，再结合could (not) have done表示猜测可知说话者想表达的意思是：要没你，我们不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。

情态动词经典考题

1.. I ___ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A. couldn't

B. mustn't

C. shouldn't

D. needn't

2.. I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.

A. can

B. might

C. would

D. need

3.. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?

A. should face

B. might face

C. could have faced

D. must have faced

4.. The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.

A. wouldn't

B. needn't

C. won't

D. mustn't

5.. It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet.

A. couldn’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. wouldn’t

6.. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.

A. mustn’t

B. shouldn’t

C. wouldn’t

D. mightn’t

7.. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.

A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had

8.. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.

A. might

B. could

C. shall

D. will

9.. I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

A. won’t

B. can’t

C. can

D. will

10. —________ you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phon e?

—Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.

A. Can

B. Should

C. Must

D. Would

11.. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said ―Ni Hao‖ just as I ___ do in China.

A. must

B. might

C. can

D. should

12.We have b ought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.

A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t

13.There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It ___a comfortable journey.

A.can’t be

B.shouldn’t be

C.mustn’t have been

D.couldn’t have been

14.It’s nearly seven o’clock , Jack be here at any moment.

A.must

B.need

C.should

D.can

15.We last night , but we went to the concert instead.

A.must have studied

B.might study

C.should have studied

D.would study

参考答案：DACDC CDCBC BBDCC

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情态动词专项讲解 1. China is developing its high-speed train technology fast, so it _____be good enough to catch up with the best. A. may B. might C. must D. should 2. Then some other interesting reasons appear, such as “It's so smoggy that I ______find my way to office." A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 3. "The world is big, and I want to see it," wrote a teacher in her resignation letter. _____ you quit your job to travel the world A. Must B. Might C. Should D. Would 【答案揭晓】CCD 一、情态动词的定义 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给 谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可 能.应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。 1. No driving electric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shall obey in Fuzhou.

必须.一定（法律.法规等）动 词原形 2. Women who are exposed to second-hand smoke during their pregnancy can be at risk of abortion.能，会，可以(表示有能力或机会) 动词原形 二、常考情态动词的关键用法 (一) can 1. －Jim，it is time you went to bed．You need to get up early tomorrow. －It’s not f air，Mary can stay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight. 可以(表示允许) it were not for the fact that she can't sing，I would invite her to the party. 能，会，可以(表示有能力) 3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes don't have to be thrown away 能够，可以(表示某事物的特点) can be really difficult to get along with at times even though he’s a

高考英语情态动词讲解完整版

高考英语情态动词讲解标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

（一）情态动词常考点 （一）表能力 如：I am starving to death。I can eat two bowls of rice now。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出去。 I could have worked out the problem，but I didn’t。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二）表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。如：

（2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may，must常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如： This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him。（表不相信） 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him。（表不确定） 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now。（could不如may/ might常用）

(完整word版)高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句

一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语 二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、have to (had to )、ought to 、 shall(should)、will(would) 12个 半情态助动词：dare、need、used to、had better、would better(5个) 三、情态助动词 1.can and could 1)ability：be able to do /manage to do/succeed in doing sth. eg.The army can defeat their enemy. eg.The army is able to defeat their enemy. eg.The army succeed in defeating their enemy. 2)permission:eg.Can I smoke here? eg.You can’t smoke here. 3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中- eg.This can’t be done by him. 当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生 eg.even expert drives can make mistakes. 要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may /might或could. eg.I may leave for Beijing next month. 但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能 性只用can/could Eg.where can the noise be coming from? eg.It can hardly be the postman,he comes only in the morning. 4)有时会：the road can be blocked. 5)could 表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法 I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now. His story could be true,but I hardly think it is. 6)could 表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句 Could you lend me some money? Yes,I can /No,I am afraid not. 7)could 的常用结构：could+动词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” It couldn’t be better. Couldn’t +过去分词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” They couldn’t have tried harder to make me eel welcome. Can’t..too..=can never too“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好” I can’t thank you too much.I owe my progress to you. Can’t (help/choose) but do/can but +动词原形“不得不，只好” We can but agree with him. Can’t help doing 忍不住，不得不 I can’t help laughing Can’t be (it) 控制不住，没有办法 It can’t be helped Can’t....without 没有...就不能 One can’t succeed without perseverance.