2013高考英语模拟试题及答案(三)知识讲解

2013年高考英语模拟试题及答案（三）

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下面各题，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. In ______ eyes of my parents, a knowledge of English is ______ must in the world today.

A. the;不填

B. the; a

C.不填; a

D.不填;不填

22. Different from girls, boys are likely to be ______ about sharing their feelings with their close friends.

A. cautious

B. positive

C. curious

D. enthusiastic

23. It is reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research ______.

A. will be done

B. had been done

C. has been done

D. will have been done

24. — Have you got any information about your missing dog from the police?

—No. I ______. The police say they’ll let me know when there is any news.

A. waited

B. was waiting

C. have waited

D. am waiting

25. — Jack, take more clothes when going camping. It ______ be very cold in the mountains.

— Thank you, Mum. I will.

A. can

B. should

C. shall

D. must

26. — I am in great trouble now.

— You may depend on ______ that all of us will support you.

A. that

B. it

C. one

D. 不填

27. —The “No.1 Document” is designed to help the rural population increase their incomes.

—I believe that peasants’ life ______ better and better.

A. will have got

B. has got

C. gets

D. will be getting

28. Some experts say that other possibilities may ______ to accidents as well, such as the carelessness of

drivers and the disobedience of traffic regulations.

A. correspond

B. contribute

C. compensate

D. commit

29. A Pakistani intelligence official confirmed that the three-storey compound where Bin Laden spent his

last years and was killed would be ______.

A. put down

B. taken down

C. pulled down

D. turned down

30. Whitney Houston’s sudden dea th suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ______ we

should deal with properly.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. where

31. China’s hurdler Liu Xiang was disqualified due to false start in the 60-metre event, ______ his rival

Dayron Robles of Cuba an easy win of 7.66 seconds.

A. giving

B. given

C. to give

D. gave

32. — Where did you buy this beautiful skirt?

— It was in the shop ______ my mother is working.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

33. This building is both a secret and a mystery. No one shall be admitted into it ______ he can give the

right password.

A. if

B. as

C. since

D. unless

34. — You should have told her about the meaning of the gesture.

— I meant ______, but I had some unexpected guests.

A. to do

B. to have

C. doing

D. doing so

35. — Did you enjoy the film you saw last night?

—______. I just did it for a change, as I was tired from working all day.

A. Not necessarily

B. Not exactly

C. Not likely

D. Not really

第二节: 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was lunchtime and I walked into a small branch office on the West Side. I had come to 36 a checking account. The only officer on 37 was a fortyish black man, standing 38 a small counter from a young white boy who was wearing a V-necked sweater. I think I was especially 39 of the boy because he looked more like a kid from a prep school than a 40 in a West Side bank.

The boy continued to 41 my attention because of what happened next. He was holding an open savings-account book and 42 an expression of disappointment. “But I don’t understand. I opened the account myself, so why can’t I 43 any money?” the boy said, hi s voice breaking.

“I know it is, but those are the rules. I’ve already explained to you that a fourteen-year-old is not 44 to withdraw money without a letter from his parents,” the officer explained patiently.

Suddenly I noticed the account had a series of small deposits and withdraws. Then I questioned the officer, “How do you 45 that? Why did you let him withdraw money before, but not now?” He looked 46 . “Because the tellers were not aware of his age before and now they are. It’s really very 47 .” I turned to the boy with a shrug. “You’re really getting 48 ,” I said. “You ought to get your parents to come in here and 49 .” The boy looked destroyed. 50 , he put his savings book in a rear-pocket and walked out of the bank.

The offi cer turned to me. “You know,” he said, “you really shouldn’t have got 51 .” I couldn’t believe what this idiot was saying. “We were 52 this morning that some neighborhood bully has been shaking down (敲诈) this boy for more than a month. The other guy was 53 him to take money out every week and hand it over. The poor kid was 54 too scared to tell anyone. Anyway, the police are on the case and they’ll probably make a(n)55 today."

“You mean there is no rule about being too young to withdraw money from a savings account?”

“Not that I ever heard of. Now, sir, what can we do for you?”

36. A. make B. open C. buy D. choose

37. A. duty B. board C. display D. show

38. A. on B. after C. over D. across

39. A. sure B. proud C. aware D. afraid

40. A. guard B. customer C. clerk D. manager

41. A. attract B. pay C. attach D. control

42. A. putting B. writing C. saying D. wearing

43. A. borrow B. deposit C. withdraw D. use

44. A. told B. inspired C. encouraged D. allowed

45. A. argue B. explain C. answer D. declare

46. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. excited D. amused

47. A. easy B. amazing C. fantastic D. simple

48. A. arranged B. convinced C. cheated D. caught

49. A. protest B. promise C. prohibit D. prepare

50. A. Excitedly B. Silently C. Cheerfully D. Nervously

51. A. interacted B. interrupted C. involved D. infected

52. A. asked B. discovered C. suggested D. informed

53. A. rushing B. forcing C. requesting D. begging

54. A. hardly B. unwillingly C. apparently D. eagerly

55. A. arrest B. sentence C. apology D. difference

第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Did you ever hear of “marriage by capture”? Marriage by capture, also called bride kidnapping (绑架), has been practiced throughout history and around the world and goes back to primitive culture when tribal groups were hostile (敌视的) to each other. While trying to conquer a hostile tribe, the groom kidnapped the woman he wished to marry. The groom usually brought along a fellow-warrior as his “best man” to help kidnap the bride-to-be.

The bridesmaid, or the maid of honor, and the honeymoon are also relics (遗产) of bride kidnapping. In the old days, the bridesmaids were the women who helped the bride to get captured by the groom she wanted. Today a bridesmaid is one of the women who attend to the bride at a wedding and is usually a sister or close friend of the bride. The practice of having a honeymoon goes back to the time when the groom had to go into hiding with his kidnapped bride to avoid being discovered by her relatives. Today many newlyweds still keep their honeymoon plans a secret from their relatives.

The custom of marriage by capture may have gradually led to marriage by purchase. In order to avoid tribal warfare, the groom offered to pay a bride price to the bride’s parents as compensation for their loss. The bride price is not the same as the dowry, which is the property a bride brings to her husband upon the marriage to help establish the new household. Giving a bride price is still practiced in many Asian countries.

The practice of “giving the bride away” in the modern wedding ceremony originated from the time when the bride’s parents arranged her marriage and gave or sold her to the groom. Today at some wedding ceremonies, the minister may ask, “Who gives this woman to this man in marriage?” To show his approval, the father will reply, “I do” and then give his daughter away to the groo m by putting her hand into the groom’s hand.

In the modern world, marriage by capture is widely considered a sex crime, though it is still practiced in some cultures, and marriage by purchase has almost died away. The modern version of marriage is marriage by mutual love. In most countries today, marriage is governed by civil law. Although most couples celebrate their wedding in the presence of a priest, rabbi, or minister, depending on their religious beliefs, they must have the official marriage license to make their marriage valid.

The modern marriage makes good use of many old traditions as symbols, making it colorful and romantic. In the United States and many other countries, the new bonds between a married couple are frequently represented by some old practices, such as the white wedding grown, the bride being carried across the threshold (门槛) of the new home, the flower girls, the exchange of wedding rings, the joining of hands, the throwing of rice, grain, or nuts, the wedding cake, and the bridal kiss.

56. The function of the second paragraph is to explain _______.

A. a possible solution to a problem raised in the article

B. the origins of the maids of honor and the honeymoon

C. who should be bridesmaids and how long a honeymoon should last

D. why the maids of honor and the honeymoon are critical for newlyweds

57. We can infer from the article that _______.

A. a bride brings her husband a bride price to help establish the new household

B. today the old practice of “giving the bride away” still exists but runs differently

C. all of the old wedding practices are replaced by new ones

D. the practice of “giving the bride away” is considered illegal in most countries

58. All of the following are old wedding traditions EXCEPT _______.

A. giving the bride away

B. throwing rice, grain, or nuts

C. carrying the bride across the threshold

D. holding an official marriage license

59. This article is mainly about _______.

A. traditions of marriage

B. illegal bride kidnapping

C. modern wedding cultures across the world

D. how many marriage traditions have died away

B

The unique way someone walks can betray who they are with almost as much accuracy (准确性) as fingerprints, scientists have found.

Researchers have devel oped a method that can identify a unique “pressure signature” in their footsteps. By analyzing more than 100,000 pressure points created by people’s feet as they walk, the scientists were able to pinpoint 70 key patterns that are unique to an individual. They hope the system could provide a new form of “bio metric” identification that could work alongside retinal (视网膜的) scanning and fingerprints at airports. The only trouble is that the system can only identify people if they are not wearing shoes.

Dr John Goulermas, an electrical engineer at the University of Liverpool, said they were hoping to develop the system so it will work when people are wearing shoes too. He said: “This is more complicated as the stiffness of the sole and the treads (脚底的硬度和踩踏的强度) can change things, but it should still be possible.” The researchers asked 104 volunteers to walk across boards with thousands of highly sensitive pressure sensors. They recorded ten steps per person and then analyzed how each person’s step changed to produce a unique profile for each person. When asked to then identify individuals from their footsteps, the system was correct 99.6 per cent of the time.

Researchers have been investigating the unique aspects of gait (步态) for some time and many attempts have been made to use computer recognition software to detect individuals. Dr Todd Pataky, who led the research at Liverpool University but has since moved to Shinshu University in Tokida, Japan, added, “If we see a family member or a friend from a distance we ca n identify that person based on their walk. Our feet are the only parts ofour body that interact with the environment during walking so it is logical that an individual’s unique movement patterns are transmitted via the feet to the ground. We are currently working on other checking whether other information can be unraveled (分解) from foot pressures, including things like gender, age, and exercise levels, but we expect that these characteristics will not be as well classified.”

60. According to the text, the aim of this research is to _______.

A. work out a possible solution to foot problems.

B. try out a system to improve people’s health

C. identify who someone is from his/her footsteps

D. develop a new computer recognition software

61. We can infer from the passage that _______.

A. the system can identify people under any conditions

B. family members and friends have the same way of walking

C. other information will possibly be known from the foot pressures

D. the system can ensure safety in any public places

62. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

A. How You Walk Can Betray You

B. New Technology Has Been Invented

C. Two Scientists Have Got a Good Idea

D. Character Has Something to Do With Footsteps

C

BEIJING—Eye doctors in the capital are expressing confidence in laser (激光) eye surgery, or LASIK, despite the safety concerns that a Taiwan specialist raised this week. Ray Tsai, an ophthalmologist and LASIK pioneer, told Taiwan media on Tuesday that he plans to stop performing the surgeries after learning that some patients who had undergone it had experienced sudden losses of vision and had developed other complications (并发症).

Industry analysts estimate that 1.5 million LASIK eye operations are performed on the mainland a year, each costing at least 6,000 yuan ($953). Wang Enpu, dean of the ophthalmology department of the Air Force General Hospital in Beijing, said no countries or regions in the world have stopped LASIK treatments, the eff ectiveness of which has been proved. “As long as surgeons follow the correct procedures, I’ve never seen a single patient come back because of complications caused by the surgery,” said Wang. He said LASIK is known to lead to fewer complications than other types of eye surgery. He also said the technology used in the procedure has improved during the past 10 years. Even so, he said patients who undergo the surgery may have to wait a fairly long time afterward for their corneas to heal. He also said that those parts of their eyes will forever be weaker and more susceptible to damage. “Anyone has to be more careful for the rest of his life with a part of the body that has undergone surgery,” he said. “Most hospitals offer free eye checkups for a year after the surgery.”

The US Food and Drug Administration says LASIK, like most operations, involves risks. It also said patients should be made aware of the complications that can arise from a treatment before they undergo it. At the same time, the administration said most US patients who had undergone LASIK express satisfaction with the surgery’s results.

Chen Bang, board director of Air Eye Hospital Group, a leading ophthalmological institution in China, said in his micro blog that his hospital had performed the surgery on about 550,000 eyes and the incidence (发病率) of post-operation adverse reactions was only 0.6 percent. “Doctors in China must also pass special exams to be qualified to operate laser machines. Despite that precaution, there have been irregularities,” he said. “Some unqualified doctors also practice the surgery and some perform it on unsuitable patients to make a profit.” “And the devices’ accuracy can greatly affect the outcome of the procedure,” said Yu Jing, an ophthalmologist with No 10 People’s H ospital of Tongji University in Shanghai. “The new devices are expensive,” she said. “Before 2004, there were many private and small hospitals competing in the market. It’s much better now.”

63. Which of the following statements about LASLK is TRUE?

A. The LASLK patients will not develop any complications.

B. The patients’ corneas will recover immediately after the operation.

C. LASIK is safer than other types of eye surgery, according to Wang Enpu.

D. There are 1.5 million LASIK eye operations in America per year.

64. The news is mainly about _______.

A. the different complications of LASIK

B. the introduction to LASIK procedure

C. some great eye doctors in LASIK

D. the safety concerns about LASIK

65. Some patients developed complications for the following reasons EXCEPT that _______.

A. they hadn’t been warned of the danger before the operation

B. some doctors performing the operations were not qualified

C. some patients were unsuitable for this operation

D. the devices were not good enough in many private and small hospitals

66. In the second paragraph, the underlined words can be replaced by _______.

A. easily impressed by

B. likely to suffer from

C. adaptable to

D. capable of

D

One fine afternoon I was walking along Fifth Avenue when I remembered that it was necessary to buy a pair of socks. I turned into the first sock shop that caught my eye, and a boy clerk who could not have been more than seventeen years old came forward. “What can I do for you, sir?” “I wish to buy a pair of socks.” His eyes glowed. There was a note of passion in his voice. “Did you know that you had come into the finest place in the world to buy socks?” I had not been aware of that, as my entrance had been accidental. “Come with me,” said the b oy. I followed him to the rear of the shop, and he began to take down from the shelves box after box, displaying their contents.

“Hold on, lad, I am going to buy only one pair!” “I know that,” said he, “but I want you to see how beautiful these are. Aren’t they wonderful?” I became far more interested in him than in the socks. I looked at him in amazement. “My friend,” said I, “if you can keep this up, if this is not merely the enthusiasm that comes from novelty (新奇性), from having a new job, if you can keep up this zeal and excitement day after day, in ten years you will own every sock in the United States.”

My amazement at his pride and joy in salesmanship will be easily understood by all who read this article. In many shops the customer has to wait for someone to wait upon him. And when finally some clerk does deign to notice you, you are made to feel as if you were interrupting him. Either he is absorbed in profound (深刻的) thought in which he hates to be disturbed or he is skylarking with a girl clerk and you feel like apologizing for thrusting yourself into such intimacy.

He displays no interest either in you or in the goods he is paid to sell. Yet possibly that very clerk who is now so cold began his career with hope and enthusiasm. The daily grind (苦差事) was too much for him; the novelty wore off; his only pleasures were found outside of working hours. He became a mechanical salesman. After being mechanical, he became incompetent (不称职的); then he saw younger clerks who had more enthusiasm in their work, promoted over him. He became sour. That was the last stage. His usefulness was over.

I have observed this sad decline in the lives of so many men in so many occupations that I have come to the conclusion that the surest road to failure is to do things mechanically.

67. What does the underlined word “that” in the first paragraph probably refer to?

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2013年江苏高考英语试卷及答案

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