广州2013版八年级英语上册Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 单元重点与练习题

复习

Unit 1 Encyclopaedias

必会重点词汇和短语

★单词默写

1. 人的adj. human

2. 恐龙

3. 意大利人

4. 发明家

5. 音乐家

6. 科学家

7. 出生8. 乡村；农村9. 才智；智慧10. 有艺术天赋的11. 才能；能力12. 可能；大概13. 发明14. 笔记本

15. 包括；包吨16. 甚至

17. 然而18. 突然；忽然19. 没有人20. 获胜；赢21. 美元

★短语默写

1. 在乡村

2. 人，人类

3. 灭绝；消失

4. 了解（到）；弄清

5. 去散步

6. 正如；正像

7. 出生8. 重要的事

9. 给…拍照

★重点词汇讲解和辨析

1. look 相关短语辨析

●look up 查阅

I looked your address up in the personnel file.

我从人事档案里查到了你的地址。

●look out 注意；留心

Look out! There's a car coming.

当心! 汽车来了。

●look over 检查

Would you mind looking over my article?

您介不介意检查下我的文章?

●look after 照顾

At weekends, Eason often helps his mother look after his little sister.

周末的时候，Eason 经常帮妈妈照顾他的妹妹。

●look at 看着

The dog is looking at Liz angrily.

这只狗生气地看着Liz。

●look around 环顾四周

Joey looked around to make sure that there was no one nearby.

乔伊环顾四周，以确定附近是不是没有人在。

●look forward to 期待

Sunny looks forward to having a holiday.

Sunny 期待拥有一个假期。

●look like 看起来像

Daisy said Ivy looked like twenty in this dress.

Daisy说Ivy 穿这条裙子看起来像二十岁。

2. drawing VS. picture VS. painting

drawing 指素描、工程图、线条图、铅笔画、钢笔画等

picture 指图片、图画、照片等。指照片时，与photo意思相同

painting 指着色的水彩画、油画等

3. as…as…不…一样

本句型属于事物之间的同级比较。当句子为肯定句时，用“A…as + 形容词/副词+ as B”，表示“A和B…一样”; 当句子为否定句时，用“A…not as/so + 形容词/副词+ as B”，表示“A不如B…”。

(so…as不用于肯定句)

I never went through a final exam that was as difficult as that one.

我仍未经历过像那次一样难的期末考试。

Amanda doesn’t run so/as fast as Annabella.

Amanda 跑得没有Annabella 那么快。

4. millions of VS. 基数词+ million

hundred, thousand, million 等词，不具体数字连用时，后面不加s, 不加of, 直接跟名词复数。若前面无具体数字时，则后面加s, 加of, 表示概数“几百，几千，几百万…”。

如：two million birds 两百万叧鸟

millions of birds 几百万叧鸟

5. however VS. but

however 意为“然而”，语气较弱，常用逗号隔开

I'd like to go with you; however, my hands are full.

我很想和你一块儿去，可是我忙不过来。

but 意为“但是”，语气相对较强，不用逗号隔开

Please excuse me, but there is something I must say.

请原谅，不过有件事我必须说一下。

6. person VS. people VS. man

person 强调个体和具体的人

At least one person died and several others were injured.

至少一人死亡，另有几人受伤。

people 集体名词，泛指“人，人们”，一般不指具体的人

We must gather the people to our side.

我们必须把人聚集到我们这一边。

man 可指“男人”；也可以指人类

The chick initially has no fear of man.

小鸡最初不怕人。

7. help 作动词时的6种常用搭配

◆ help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

The boy often helps his mother to do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事

The boy often helps his mother do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆ help do sth. 帮助做某事（不强调帮助对象）

The boy often helps do the housework.

这个男孩经常帮忙做家务。

◆ help sb. with sth. 在某方面/某事上帮助某人

The boy often helps his mother with the housework.

这个男孩经常帮他的妈妈做家务。

◆ help oneself to sth. 随便吃点…

Please help yourself to some sweets.

请随便吃点糖果吧。

◆ can’t/couldn’t help doing 忍不住做某事

When he heard the news, he couldn't help crying.

当他听到这个消息时，禁不住哭了起来。

8. remember to do & remember doing

remember to do 记得去做（事情还未做）

Remember to meet me at the theatre this evening.

记得今晚在剧场跟我碰面。

remember doing 记得做过（事情已做）

I remember meeting you one evening at the theatre.

我记得有一天晚上在剧场遇到你。

9. win & beat

win 意为“赢得; 获胜”; 宾语常为比赛、戓战争等

She beat the other players and won the competition.

她打败了其他的选手，赢了这场比赛。

beat 意为“击败; 打败; 胜过”; 宾语常为参赛者、参赛队伍或是对手

10. find out VS. find VS. look for

find out 意为“（通过调查而）查明；发现；查出”

Scientists have found out that the illness may be caused by lack of sleep.

科学家已经发现，这种疾病可能是由缺乏睡眠而导致的。

find 意为“发现；找到”，强调找的结果

He was looking for his watch for a whole morning, but still couldn’t find it.

他整个上午都在找他的手表，但仍然没有找到。

look for 意为“寻找”，强调找的动作或过程

11. consist of 由…组成；包括

Our class consists of 20 students from different schools.

12.just like 正如，正像

just like中的like为介词，意为“像”，因此，后可接名词、代词、动词ing形式或从句。例：He acts just like a clown.

他的行为就像一个小丑一样。

Her voice sounds just like yours.

她的声音听起来很像你的声音。

When I was looking at his painting, I felt just like enjoying real scenery.

当我看着他的画作时，我感觉就像身临美境中一样。

I like to be on the stage, just like I have returned my home.

我喜欢站在舞台上面的感觉，就像回到家里。

13.It’s + adj. + to do

该句为一个重要句型，意为“做某事（对某人来说）怎么样”，其中it 为形式主语，真正意义上的主语为句末的不定式。

It is very important (for us) to learn English well.

学好英语（对我们来说）是很重要的。

14. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

在此结构中make为使役动词，后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

例：The boss makes the workers work 12 hours a day.

这个老板让工人们每天工作12个小时。

15.work

●vi. 工作

She works hard in XES every day.

他每天在XES努力工作。

● vt. 使工作

He worked himself too hard when he was young.

他年轻的时候使自己工作得太辛苦了。

● vi. 奏效；起作用

The medicine worked well and the old man became better.

这种药很有效果，老人慢慢恢复了。

● n. 工作

The study in the school is quite happy and interesting.

在学校的学习很快乐，也很有趣。

● n. 作品；著作

The works of the master is popular all over the world.

这个大师的作品在全世界都很受欢迎。

【重点语法】

复合不定代词

由some, any, every, no 分别与one, thing和body 组合，可组成下列复合不定代词：someone anyone everyone no one somebody anybody everybody nobody something anything everything nothing

1. 与some 和any 的区别类似，由some 构成的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中，而由any 构成的复合不定代词常用于否定句和疑问句中。但some构成的复合不定代词可放在表示请求或建议的疑问句中。

I heard something strange just now. 我刚刚听见一些奇怪的声音。

There isn’t anything left in the fridge. 冰箱里什么都没有剩下。

Would you like something to eat? 佝想要吃点什么吗？

2. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语需用单数。

Someone wants to see you outside. 外面有人想见佝。

3. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后，作定语后置。

something important anything possible nothing wrong

练习题

一．根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。

1.Edison was a great i___________ in the world.

2.--How much is the book?--20 d___________.

3.Sall was b____________ in a small town in London.

4.There are two _____________(笔记本)on the desk.

二．用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.It is useful _____________(learn)a foreign language.

2.Can you help me __________(carry)the box ,lily?

3.Remember __________(write)to me when you get to Beijing.

4.I need some _______(photo).Do you have any?

5.About two __________(million)people listened to the programme.

三．单项选择

1.Listening is just as ____________as speaking in language learning.

A.important

B.more important

C.most important

D.the most important

2.Do you have __________________ to say for our travel?

A.else anything

B.anything else

C.else something

D.something else

3.___________ birds died because of pollution.

A.Two millions

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/614503646.html,lions of

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/614503646.html,lion of

D.Two millions of

4.There ___________ still some milk in the fridge. You don’t need to go to the store today.

A.am

B.is

C.are

D.be

5.What a fine day!Let’s go ___________ a walk.

A.for

B.at

C.out

D.in

6.The poor old man ___________ a week ago.

A.dead

B.death

C.dies

D.died

7.Don’t look _____________ the windows in class,We must listen to the teacher carefully.

A.out of

B.out

C.into

D.up

8.The PLA man saved three ________ lives in the accident.

A.chlidren’s

B.children

C.child

D.child’s

9.-Do you have _______ pencils? - No ,but I have________pens.

A.some,any

B.any,some

C.some,some

D.any,any

10.Nobody ___________ me English .I have to learn it by myself.

A.teach

B.teaches

C.teaching

D.to teach

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