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简单句与复合句转换

英语中的句子按照结构可以划分为三种类型：简单句、并列句、复合句。这三种句子类型中，尤其是简单句与复合句之间常相互转换使用。掌握一些有关句型转换的知识，学会如何进行句子类型之间的转换，有助于我们运用所学过的不同的句型来表达相同的意思。简单句与复合句之间转换是英语句型转换的一种重要形式，也是我们运用英语所应掌握的技能。

I. 简单句与复合句的互换

把一个简单句转换成一个复合句，一般是将一个短语变为一个从句。相反，复合句转换为简单句时要把一个从句变为一个短语。

1. The for eigners want to know how they can learn to do Chinese Kongfu well. → The foreigners want to know how to learn to do Chinese Kongfu well.

【解析】含宾语从句的复合句变为简单句，可以把宾语从句改为"疑问词+不定式"的结构或者改为"主语+谓语+宾语+宾补"这种结构；简单句变复合句，一般是把宾语扩大为宾语从句，其宾语从句应该用将来时或"情态动词+动词原形"的形式。

2. She was so weak that she couldn't take care of her baby. → She was too weak to take care of her baby.

3. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. → The ice on the lake was not thick enough for people to skate on.

【解析】当so...that从句是否定句，其主语与主句主语相同，可用句型too...to do sth.替换；当so...that从句是否定句，其主语与主句主语不相同，可用句型too...for sb. to do sth. 替换；当so...that从句是肯定句，其主语与主句主语相同时，可用...enough to do sth.替换；当so...that从句是肯定句，其主语与主句主语不相同时，可用...enough for sb. to do sth.替换。

4. Be brave, or you'll lose your chance. → If you aren't brave, you'll lose your chance.

5. Come on, or we'll miss the early bus. → If we don't hurry, we'll miss the early bus.

【解析】"祈使句+or+简单句"可转换为"if引导的否定的条件句+主句"的句型；"祈使句+and+简单句"可转换为"if引导的肯定的条件句+主句"的句型。

6. She seems to be worrie d now. → It seems that she is worried now.

【解析】seem是关于内心活动的用语，含有心中所想象的意思在内。seem后接动词不定式，也常用It seems that结构。简单句变为复合句应特别注意它们之间的同义可换性。

II. 简单句与简单句的转换

简单句本身可以通过对句子成分(包括主语、谓语、宾语、状语和定语)或句型自身的调整来表达相同或相近的意思。常见的转换方法有：①"词与词的转换"(如：反义词的转换、同义词的转换、代词的转换、词性的转换)；②"词与短语的转换"(of属格与's属格的转换、时间表达的转换等)；③"句式与句式的转换"(如：How old is (are)...?与What is sb.'s age?的转换、How do you like...?与What do you think of... ? 的转换、"动词+ sb. + sth."与"动词+ sth. + 介词+ sb."的转换等)。

7. We spent twenty minutes cleaning the room yesterday. → It took u s twenty minutes to clean the room yesterday.

8. The motorbike cost him 7,000 yuan last year. → He paid / spent 7,000 yuan for / on (buying) the motorbike last year.

【解析】spend与take都可以表示"做某事花某人多少时间或金钱"。spend的主语用某人表示；take的主语用it。即"(Somebody)spend some time (in) doing sth. / on sth."这一句型可换成"It takes / took somebody some time to do sth." 句型。两个句型都可表示"某人花若干时

间做某事"。但在转换时，应注意语序的变化，尤其是前一个句型中(in) doing或on sth.，在后一个句型中应改为to do sth.。"spend...doing sth."相当于pay...for, 它们之间可转换使用。

9. Jane says science isn't so inte resting as music to her. → Jane says science is less interesting than music to her.

10. She rides a bicycle more carefully than anyone else in her class. → She is the most careful bicycle rider in her class.

【解析】常见的比较等级之间的转换有：①"not so / as+原级+ as"可改为"比较级+ than"；

②"not so / as+原级+as"可改为"less+原级(多音节词)+than"；③"最高级+of / in短语"可改为"比较级+than any other+复数名词/ than any of the others / anyone else / anything else"；④"like...better (than)"可改为"prefer...(to)"。

11. The exhibition of children's art began a few days ago. → The exhibition of children's art has been on for a few days.

12. My grandpa joined the Party thirty years ago. → My grandpa has been in the Party for thirty years.

13. Sam's grandfather died 10 years ago. → Sam's grandfather has been dead for 10 years.

【解析】含一般过去时与现在完成时句式之间的转换是很常用的。在现在完成时中，延续性动词与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词不能。但是，可以用别的方式来表达：①瞬间动词用于"一段时间+ago"的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改写成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；③瞬间动词用于"It is +一段时间+since+一般过去时"的句型中；④瞬间动词用于"Some time + has / have passed + since + 一般过去时"的句型中。另外，将来时"be going to"结构与"will / shall"结构的转换；进行时(如come , go动词)可与将来时的转换。

14. You must throw the broken pottery away at once. → The broken pottery must be thrown away at once.

15. Every one should give back his or her library books on time. → Library books should be returned on time.

16. People make great use of computers widely in the world. → Computers are widely used in the world.

【解析】①主动句变被动句的方法是：首先把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，再把谓语动词变为被动语态，最后加上介词by的宾语(有时可省略)；②被动句变为主动句的方法是：先把被动句中by的宾语变为主动句的主语(如被动句中省略了介词by及其宾语，一般可以用we, you, they等作主语)，再把谓语动词改为主动语态(即把be去掉)，最后把被动句的主语改为主动句的宾语，主动句的时态与被动句中be的时态一致；③在let, make, hear, see, watch等后的动词不定式在主动语态中不带to，变为被动语态时，要加上to；④双宾语动词结构变为被动语态，则应在间接宾语前加上相应的介词to或for。如：Li Lei was given a bike by Mr Wang. → Mr Wang gave a bike to Li Lei.

III. 二合并一成简单句

有时为了使句子结构更加紧凑，语言更加生动，我们可以把两个或两个以上的简单句合并为简单句，这样，句子意思上的联系显得更密切。

17. Lucy can't sing the English song "Yesterday Once More". And Lily can't sing it, either. → Neither Lucy nor Lily can sing the English song "Yesterday Once More".

18. This store sells men's shoes, and it also sells men's clothes. → This store sells not only men's shoes but also men's clothes.

【解析】两个意义相关的简单句合并为一个简单句。常见的方式有三类：①用both...and,

not only...but also, either...or, neither...nor, not...but等连接词合并。由not only...but also, either...or, neither...nor等连接的并列主语，通常遵循就近原则，即谓语需根据后面的名词(词组)的单复数而定；②用too...to, enough to等含不定式结构合并；③用分词短语合并。

IV. 二合并一成复合句

由两个简单句合并成一个复合句，多把一个分句转换成一个从句。如：

19. "Did you sleep well last night?" David asked her. → David asked her if / whether she slept well last night.

20. I won't go with my brother, he thinks. → He doesn't think I will go with my brother.

21. Where does he live? I don't know. →I don't know where he lives.

【解析】构成宾语从句应注意三点：①宾语从句的引导词是否缺少或用错；②宾语从句语序是否是陈述句的语序；③宾语从句的时态是否与主句谓语动词的时态相呼应。

【测试】按要求改写下列句子。每空限填一词。

1. There is a strong wind today.

It's very ________ today.

2. What's the weather like in America?

________ ________ the weather in America?

3. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs (分贝) here.

The noise must ________ ________ under 50 dbs here.

4. Wu Dong joined the League three years ago.

Wu Dong has ________ in the League ________ three years.

5. I didn't know what I should say.

I didn't know what ________ ________.

6. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?

Do you know ________ the shop ________ at six every day?

7. Lucy is the tallest girl in her class.

Lucy is ________ than ________ ________ girls in her class.

8. Tom is in the football team. Jim is in the football team, too.

________ Tom ________ Jim ________ on the football team.

9. John will go to bed after he finishes his homework.

John ________ ________ to bed ________ he finishes his homework.

10. He was so happy that he couldn't say a word when he was told the news.

He was ________ happy ________ say a word when he was told the news.

Key: 1. windy 2. How is / How about / What about 3. be kept 4. been; for 5. to say 6. if; closes 7. taller; any other 8. Both; and; are 9. won't go; until 10. too; to

简单句、并列句、复合句相互转换讲与练

在英语中，两个或两个以上的简单句，可以用并列连词(组)连接为并列句。常见的并列连词(组)有and,but,or,so,yet,for,while,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,not...but...等。有些副词，如：besides,otherwise,therefore,however等有时也可以起到并列连词的作用。并列句的关系不同，所用的连接词(组)亦不同。一般地讲，可分为四类：

一、并列句上下文的逻辑关系是增补关系。

用来表示这种关系的连词有：and;both...and;neither...nor;not only...but also;as well as等。例如：One more week,____ we will accomplish the task.

A.or

B.so that

C.and

D.if

(注：有下划线的选项是正确答案，下同。)

Jim wanted very much to make his mark in music and finally he succeeded with the help of his teacher.吉姆很想在音乐方面有所作为，最后在老师的帮助下终于获得了成功。

Tom as well as you is fond of swimming.汤姆像你一样也喜欢游泳。

Not only is Li Ping good at maths but also he does well in physics.李平不仅数学学得好而且物理学得也不错。

二、并列句上下文的逻辑关系是转折关系。

这类连词主要有but，while等。例如：

-I don't like chicken ____ fish.

-I don't like chicken,____ I like fish very much.(NMET'93)

A.and;and

B.and;but

C.or;and

D.or；but

They were surprised that a child should work out the problem ____ they themselves couldn't.('96上海)

A.once

B.then

C.while

D.if

Tommy caught the school bus,____.('98上海)

A.and Jane did neither

B.but so did Jane

C.and Jane didn't either

D.but Jane didn't

My name is Robert,____ most of my friends call me Bob for short.('97上海)

A.then

B.instead

C.however

D.but

三、并列句上下文的逻辑关系是选择关系。

用来表示这种关系的并列词(组)有or;either...or;or else;whether...or等。例如：

We must get up early tomorrow,____ we'll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.(MET'89)

A.so

B.or

C.but

D.however

Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?(NMET'95)

A.and

B.then

C.or

D.otherwise

Whether he comes to the party or not is none of your business.他是否来参加这个聚会不关你的事。

Is either Li Mei or Liu Fang going to attend the concert?是李梅还是刘芳将参加这次比赛？

四、并列句上下文的逻辑关系是因果关系。

用来表示该种关系的并列连词有：so,for等。例如：

He was ill,so he didn't come to school yesterday.他病了，所以昨天没来上学。

The day breaks，for the birds are singing.天亮了，因为鸟儿在唱歌。

注意：并列连词不可以与从属连词在同一并列句中使用。例如：

(1)Although he is considered a great writer，____.(MET'91)

A.his works are not widely read

B.but his works are not widely read

C.however his works are not widely read

D.still his works are not widely read

(2)____ it with me and I'll see what I can do.(NMET'98)

A.When left

B.Leaving

C.If you leave

D.Leave

第(1)题中上文用了从属连词although，因此，下文中不可以再用but，故排除B选项。however不能和though(although)并用在同一句中；still常用于肯定句中，故C、D选项也应排除。所以正确的答案是A。第(2)题的题干中已出现了并列连词and，所以不可以再用从属连词whether或if，故排除A、C；再者and连接的两个词须形式一致，故B也应排除。所以正确的答案是D。

简单句、并列句、复合句均可相互转换。

1、简单句与并列句之间的相互转换

(1)简单句转换为并列句，常把简单句中的某一短语转变为并列句中的一个分句。例如：

Tom is too young to go to school.汤姆太小，不能上学。

→Tom is very young and he can't go to school.

She got up very early to meet her parents at the station.她很早起床以便去车站接她的父母。

→She wanted to meet her parents at the station,so she got up early.

(2)并列句转换为简单句，常把其中的一个分句变为短语。例如：

The football match had to be delayed,for it is raining heavily.足球赛被迫延期举行，因为天正下着雨。

→The football match had to be delayed because of the heavy rain.

Li Ying wanted to become a college student，so she studied hard.李莹想成为一名大学生，因此学习很用功。

→Li Ying studied hard so as to become a college student.

2、并列句和复合句的转换

(1)并列句转换为复合句，常把其中的一个分句转化为从句。(根据句意加上相应的连词)例如：

Mr.Zhang hurt his legs,so he didn't attend the meeting.张老师伤了双腿，因此没有出席这次会议。

→Because Mr.Zhang hurt his legs，he did not attend the meeting.

I have to study harder,or I shall not catch up with my classmates.我不得不更加用功地学习，否则我就赶不上我的同学们。

→I have to study harder and harder in order that I can catch up with my classmates.

(2)复合句转换为并列句，须把一个从句转换为一个分句。例如：

Though he was very young,he knows a lot about computers.尽管他很年轻，但是他对电脑却懂得很多。

→He was very young,but he knows a lot about computers.

If we don't start off early,we'll be late for the first bus.如果我们不早一点动身，我们就赶不上首班车了。

→Start off early or we'll be late for the first bus.

巩固练习：请选出符合题意的最佳选项。

1.Excuse me for breaking in,____ I have some news for you.

A.so

B.and

C.but

D.yet

2.She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later.

A.arrived

B.arrives

C.having arrived

D.and arrived

3.Turn the heat down ____ your cake will burn.

A.but

B.or

C.and

D.then

4.It must have rained last night,theground was all wet.

A.if

B.when

C.for

D.in case

5.____ many times but he still couldn't understand it.

A.Having been told

B.Though had been told

C.Having told

D.He was told

6.Though he worked hard,____ he failed to pass the exam.

A.yet

B.However

C.as a result

D.but

7.It rained；____,the volleyball match was put off.

A.however

B.therefore

C.for

D.now that

8.I don't want to go;____,I'm tired.

A.otherwise

B.therefore

C.besides

D.however

9.Mother was cooking ____ father was reading a newspaper.

A.while

B.but

C.when

D.for

10.____ you ____ he ____ right.

A.Not;but;is

B.Either;or;are

C.Not only;but also;were

D.Not just;but;are

Key: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A

模仿例句组成一个带有宾语从句的复合句。

He wanted to know….

When would the meeting start?

→He wanted to know when the meeting would start.

1. Can you tell me…?

How long will it take to get there?

2. Could you tell me…?

When will you visit the Bamboo Garden?

3. Would you please tell me…?

What should we do next, Mr Wang?

4. You can’t imagine….

How excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents?

5. I want to know…

Will you come back at 8:00 tomorrow?

6. Could you tell me …?

What did he say at the meeting?

7. Could you tell me …?

What were you doing last night?

8. The teacher asked the students….

Were they interested in dinosaurs?

9. Every morning the patients are asked….

Have they had their temperature taken?

10. It’s up to you to decide ….

How will you go there, by air or by road?

3. Our teacher asked me________

A. what was Ann doing these days

B. why Peter didn't come to school yesterday

C. when will the dolphin show begin

D. how long I usually spend on my homework

4. Helen asked her father __________________ .

A. if it was a balloon in the sky

B. where could she get this kind of book

C. that he would show her around the farm

D. if they will have fish for lunch

简单句与复合句转换

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复合句变简单句

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简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句

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如何把简单句变为复合句

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problem is too difficult for me to work out. The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. This is such a difficult /so difficult a problem that I cannot solve it/ work it out. 8.In point of fact/ truth/effect/reality: The truth is that …, but …/ Although …,/ It is true that…, but 9.In spite of/despite: Although/though/while /Adj. or Adv. as Subject+其他 /granting/granted that/ For all/ With all his faults, Granting that he has many faults, I still like him./ Despite all his faults, 10.to do sth. /so as to do sth. /in order to do sth. / on purpose to do sth./ for /with the purpose of doing sth./with a view to doing sth./so that …/in order that …/ We should

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简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换

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简单句-并列句和复合句用法及习题

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含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句

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简单句和复合句练习题

简单句和复合句练习题 1.（NMET2004）The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 2.（NMET2004）Roses need special care ______ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 3.(2004辽宁)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _____are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 4.(NMET2003)A computer can only do ______ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 5._____this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for. A. That B. How C. Whether D. What 6.Fortunitely we had a map, without ______we would have got lost. A. which B. it C. that D. what 7.The Great Wall is the last place ______Mr smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing. A. where B. which C. / D. what 8.I shall never forget those years ______I lived in the country with the farmers, ______ has a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who 9.I don’t like the way ______ you speak to her. A. / B. in that C. which D. of which 10.She spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons ______ none of us has ever heard of . A. which B. who C. whom D. that 11.I have bought such a watch ________ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 12.Free film tickets will be sent to ______ are interested in the film. A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever 13.The demand ______ the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable. A. what B. that C. which D. when 14.We won’t give up _______ we should fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether D. until 15.I remember _________ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 16.—Do you remember ______ he came.? ---Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 17.__________ she knows a lot of things. A. A child she is B. As she is a child C. Child as she is D. Child as is she 18.You can go out _______ you promise to be back before 12o’clock. A. so that B. as far as C. as long as D. in case 19.---Do the factory leaders meet every Monday morning? ----Yes, ______ there is nothing important to deal with.

简单句的五种基本句型,并列句和复合句

简单句的五种基本句型，并列句和复合句（一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）： He is six years old. She didn’t hear of you before. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）： Do they like skating? Where did you go yesterday? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句： Be careful, boys. Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句： What an exciting film it was! How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。如： He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如： You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。如： The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型简单句就是只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语的句子。根据句子基本结构，英语简单句由三种主要动词（连系动词、不及物动词、及物动词）构成。这五个基本句型如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十P主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构基本句型一： S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, go, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, take place, rise,等等。例句： The rain stopped. 雨停了。 They are talking. 他们在讲话。 Most students work hard．大部分学生努力学习。 Our dreams have come true. 我们的梦想已经实现了。

简单句和复合句之间的转换 1

复合句和简单句的转换(一) 1. 用“宾语+宾补”来代替“宾语从句”。例句： I found him very happy. 我发现他很快乐。 I found (that) he was very happy. 我发现他很快乐。 2. 用“疑问词+动词不定式”来代替“宾语从句”。例句： I don't know what I will do tomorrow. 我不知道我明天会干什么。 I don't know what to do tomorrow. 我不知道明天千什么。注意：why 是不能和不定式连用的。“疑问词+动词不定式”来代替“宾语从句”这种简化的前提是宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词通常是know, remember, forget ,learn 等。 3. 用“动词不定式”来代替一些结果状语从句或者目的状语从句。例句：He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus. 他必须早起以便他能赶上第一班公交。 He must get up early to catch the first bus. 他必须早起以赶上第一班公交。习题 1. I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is

2. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. A. run B. to run C. runs D. to be running 3. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____. A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away 4. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away 5. Tell him _____ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 6. ----The re’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended 7. I found the door _____ when I got home. A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 8. There i sn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 9. “ Have you d ecided when ________?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.” A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving 10. ________, you need to try your best to practise. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 11. A car accident happened there. An old woman . But the car drove away. A. knocked over B. was knocked over C. knocks over D. is knocked over 12. When I came in, I saw her the piano. A. play B. playing C. played D. to play 13. The dog I saw just now is Mike’s. A. who B. that C. when D. where 14. His children work far away from here, and he has nobody to talk to all day long, so he often feels . A. happy B. lazy C. tired D.

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