美国文学
a.Part 1. Colonial America 殖民地时期的美国文学
b.Thomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩(1737-1809)：
The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；
Common Sense常识；
American Crisis美国危机；
Rights of Man:Downfall of Despotism人的权利：专制体制的崩溃；
The Age of Reason理性时代
c.Philip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺(1752-1832)：
The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；
The British Prison Ship英国囚船；
To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士；
The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；
The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地
d.Jonathan Edwards 乔纳森·爱德华(1702—1758)：
The Freedom of the Will自由意志论；
The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended伟哉原罪论辩；
The Nature of True Virtue 真美德的性质
e.Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林(1706-1790):
A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money；
Poor Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书；
The Way to Wealth致富之道；
The Autobiography自传
f.Part 2. American Romanticism 美国浪漫主义文学
g.Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文(1783-1859)：
A History of New York纽约的历史——美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰
作；
The SketchBook见闻札记；
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说——使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；
Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；
Talks of Travellers旅客谈；
The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉
h.James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀(1789-1851)：
The Spy间谍；
The Pilot领航者；
The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿；
Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集：The Pioneer拓荒者；
The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人；The Prairie大草原；
The Pathfinder探路者；The Deerslayer杀鹿者
i.Part 3.New England Transcendentalism 新英格兰超验主义文学
j.Ralf Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生(1803-1882)：Essays:Nature散文集：论自然——新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书；
The American Scholar论美国学者；
Divinity:TheOversoul论超灵；
Self-reliance论自立；
The Transcendentalist超验主义者；
Representative Men代表人物；
English Traits英国人的特征；
School Address神学院演说；
Concord Hymn康考德颂；
The Rhodo杜鹃花；The Humble Bee野蜂；
Days日子——首开自由诗之先河
k.Henry David Thoreau 亨利·大卫·梭罗(1817-1862)：
Wadden, or Life in the Woods瓦尔登湖，或林中生活；
Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience论公民的不服从；
A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers在康科德河与梅里麦克
河上一周
l.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗(1807-1882)：The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌——美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗；
Voices of the Night夜吟；
Ballads and Other Poems民谣及其他诗；
Belfry of Bruges and OtherPoems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗；
Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事：AnApril Day四月的一天；
A Psalm of Life人生礼物；Paul Revere’s Ride保罗·里维尔的夜奔；
Evangeline伊凡吉琳；The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚；Poems on Slavery奴役篇
m.Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑(1804-1864)：
Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事；
Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔：Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗；The Scarlet Letter红字；The House of the Seven Gables 有七个尖角阁的房子；The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇；
The Marble Faun玉石雕像
n.Herman Melville 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(1819-1891)：
Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；
Typee泰比；
Omoo奥穆；
Mardi玛地；
Redburn雷得本；
White Jacket白外衣；
Pierre皮尔埃；
Piazza广场故事；
Billy Budd比利·巴德
o.Walt Whitman 沃尔特·惠特曼(1819-1892)：
Leaves of Grass草叶集：Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌；
I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱；
When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花开时；
Democratic Vistas民主的前景；The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题；Song ofMyself自我之歌
p.Emily Dickinson 埃米莉·迪金森(1830-1886)：
The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集
q.Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加·爱伦·坡(1809-1849)：
Tales of the Grotesque andArabesque怪诞奇异故事集；
Tales故事集；
The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌；
Ligeia莱琪儿；
Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李——歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头；
Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗；
The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗：The Raven乌鸦；
The City in the Sea海城；Israfel 伊斯拉菲尔；To Hellen致海伦
r.Harriet Beecher Stowe 哈丽特·比彻·斯托(1811-1896)：Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋；
A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片；
The Minister’s Wooing牧师的求婚；
The Pearl of Orr’s Island奥尔岛的珍珠；
Oldtown Folks老城的人们
s.Part 4. The age of Realism 现实主义文学
t.William Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威尔斯(1837-1920)：The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹；
A Modern Instance现代婚姻；
A Hazard of Now Fortunes时来运转；
A Traveller from Altruia从利他国来的旅客；
Through the Eye of the Needle透过针眼——乌托邦小说；
Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading小说创作与小说阅读
Henry James 享利·詹姆斯(1843-1916)：
小说：
Daisy Miller戴茜·米勒；
The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；
The Bostonians波士顿人；
The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；
The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；
The Ambassadors大使；
The Golden Bowl金碗
评论集：
French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家；
Hawthorne霍桑；
Partial Portraits不完全的画像；
Notes and Reviews札记与评论；
Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术
u.Part 5. Local Colorism 本地主义文学
v.Mark Twain(Samuel Langhorne Clemens) 马克·吐温(1835-1910)——美国文学的一大里程碑：
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙；
The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记；
The Gilded Age镀金时代；
The Adventures of TomSawyer汤姆·索耶历险记；
The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿；
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记；
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬；
TheTragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊；
Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克；
The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人；
How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事——对美国早期幽默文学的总结
w.Part 6. American Naturalism 自然主义文学
x.Stephen Crane 斯蒂芬·克莱恩(1871-1900)：
Maggie: A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬——美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运；
The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；
The Open Boat小划子；
The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇
y.Frank Norris 弗兰克·诺里斯(1870-1902)：
Moran of the Lady Letty茱蒂夫人号上的莫兰；
Mc-Teague麦克提格；
The Epic of the Wheat小麦诗史；
A Deal in Wheat and Other Stories of the Old and New West小麦交易所及其他新
老西部故事
z.Theodore Dreiser 西奥多·德莱塞(1871-1945)：
Sister Carrie嘉莉妹妹；
Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘；
Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲：Financer金融家；The Titan巨人；The Stoic斯多葛；
An American Tragedy美国的悲剧——被称为美国最伟大的小说；
Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗
aa.Edwin Arlington Robinson 鲁宾逊(1869-1935)：
Captain Craig克雷格上尉——诗体小说；
The Town Down the River河上的城镇；
The Man Against the Sky衬托着天空的人
Avon’s Harvest沃冯的收成
Collected Poems诗集
bb.Jack London 杰克·伦敦(1876-1916)：
The Son of the Wolf狼之子；
The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤；
The Sea-wolf海狼；
White Fang白牙；
The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们；
The Iron Heel铁蹄；
Marti Eden马丁·伊登；
How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人；
The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争；
What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么；
Revolution革命；
Love of Life热爱生命；
The Mexican墨西哥人；
Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下
cc.Upton Sinclair 厄普顿·辛克莱尔(1878-1968)：
Spring and Harvest春天与收获；
The Jungle屠场——揭发黑幕运动的代表作家；
King Coal 煤炭大王；
Oil石油；
Boston波士顿；
Dragon’s Teeth龙齿
dd.Part 7. The 1920s 20世纪20年代的美国文学
ee.Imagism意象主义：Ezra Pound 艾兹拉·庞德(1885-1972)：The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神；
The Anthology DesImagistes意像派诗选；
Cathay华夏——英译中国诗；
Literary Essays文学论；
A Few Don’ts by Imagist意象派戒条；
Personage面具；
Polite Essays文雅集；
The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章——109首及8首未完成稿
ff.Thomas Stearns Eliot 托马斯·艾略特(1888-1965)：
Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克；
The Waste Land荒原：TheBurial of the Dead死者的葬礼；A Game of Chess 弈棋；The Fire Sermon火诫；Death byWater水边之死；
What the Thunder Said雷电之言；
名诗：
Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三；
Four Quarters四个四重奏；
诗剧：
Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案；
Family Reunion大团圆；
Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会
gg.Wallace Stevens 华莱士·史蒂文斯(1879-1955)：
Harmonium风琴；
The Man With the Blue Guitar弹蓝吉他的人；
Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction关于最高虚构的札记：
Peter Quince at the Clavier彼得·昆斯弹风琴；Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨；
The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦；
Collected Poems诗集
hh.W illiam Carlos Williams 威廉·卡罗斯·威廉斯(1883-1963)：Spring andAll春；
The Journey of Love爱的历程；
Pictures from Brueghel布留盖尔的肖像；
Paterson佩特森——5卷长诗；
Asphodal, That Green Flower常青花日光兰——长诗；
Red Wheelbarrow红色手推车；
The Widow’s Lament in Spring寡妇的春怨；
The Sparrow, to My Father麻雀——致父亲；
Proletarian Portrait无产阶级画像
ii.Robert Frest 罗伯特·弗罗斯特(1874-1963)：
A Boy’s Wish少年心愿；
North of Boston波士顿之北：Mending Wall修墙；After Apple-picking摘苹果之后；
Mountain Interval山间；
The Road Not taken没有选择的道路；
West-running Brook西流的溪涧；
A Further Range又一片牧场；
A Witness Tree一株作证的树
jj.Carl Sandburg 卡尔·桑德堡(1878-1967)：
Always the Young Stranger永远是陌生的年轻人；
In Reckless Ecstasy肆无忌惮的狂热；
The Prairie Years草原的年代；
The War Years战争的年代——林肯传记；
The American Songbag美国歌袋；
The People,Yes人民，好；
Honey and Salt蜜与盐；
Corn-huskers辗米机；
Smoke and Steel烟与钢
kk.E Cumings 肯明斯(1894-1962)：
Tulips anddd Chimneys郁金香与烟囱；
The Enormous Room大房间；
XLI Poems诗41首；
Viva万岁；
No, Thanks不，谢谢；
Collected Poems诗集；
Eimi爱米——访苏游记
ll.The Lost Generation迷惘的一代：F Scott Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德(1896-1940)：
The Side of Paradise人间天堂；
The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和倒霉；
The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比；
Tender in the Night夜色温柔；
The Last Tycoon最后的巨头；
短篇小说：
Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们；
Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事；
Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号；
The Ice Palace冰宫；
May Days五一节；
The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石；
Winter Dreams冬天的梦；
The Rich Boy富家子弟；
Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦；
The Crack-up崩溃——自传体文集
mm.“迷惘的一代”代表人物：Ernest Hemingway 欧内斯特·海明威(1899-1961) ：
In Our Time在我们的年代里；
The Torrents of Spring春潮；
The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起；
Farewell to Arms永别了，武器；
For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣；
短篇小说：
Men Without Women没有女人的男人；
The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获；
The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇；
政论：
To Have and Have Not贫与富
回忆录：
A Moveable Feast到处逍遥
nn.W illiam Faulkner 威廉·福克纳(1897-1962)：
The Marble Faun云石林神——诗集；
Soldiers'Pay兵饷——小说；
Absalom, Absolam押沙龙，押沙龙——家世小说；
短篇小说：
Dry September干燥的九月；
The Sound and the Fury愤怒与喧嚣；
As I lay dying当我垂死的时候；
Light in August八月之光
oo.Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德·安德森(1876-1941)：
Windy McPherson’s Son饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子；
Marching Men前进中的人们；
Mid-American Chants美国中部之歌；
Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志；
Poor White穷苦的白人；
Many Marriages多种婚姻；
Dark Laughter阴沉的笑声
The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事；
Death in the Woods and Other Stories林中之死及其他故事；
I Want to Know Why我想知道为什么
pp.美国第一个获诺贝尔奖获得者：Sinclair Lewis 辛克莱·刘易斯(1885-1951)：Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生；
The Job求职；
The Main Street大街；
Babbitt巴比特；
Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯；
Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里；
Dodsworth多兹沃斯；
It can’t Happen Here事情不会发生在这里；
Kingsblood Royal王孙梦
qq.Villa Sibert Cather 维拉·凯塞(1873-1947)：
O, Pioneers啊，先驱们；
My Antonia我的安东尼亚；
The Professor’s House教授之家；
Death Comes for the Archibishop大主教之死
rr.Thomas Wolfe 托马斯·沃尔夫(1900-1938)：
Look Homeward, Angel天使，望故乡；
Of Time and the River时间与河流；
The Web and the Rock蛛网与岩石；
You Can’t Go Home Again有家归不得；
The Hills Beyond远山——未完成；
短篇小说：
From Death to Morning从死亡到早晨
ss.Part 8. The 1930s 20世纪30年代的美国文学
tt.John Dos Passos 帕索斯(1896-1970)：
The Three Soldiers；
Manhattan Transfer；
District of Columbia哥伦比亚大区：The Adventures of a Young Man一个年轻人的冒险；Number One第一号；The Grand Design伟大的计划；
Orient Express东方特别快车——游记
uu.J ohn Steinbeck 约翰·斯坦贝克(1902-1966)：
Cup of Gold金杯；
Tortilla Flat煎饼房；
In Dubious Battle胜负未定；
Of Mice and Men鼠和人；
The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄；
The Moon is Down月亮下去了；
Cannery Row罐头厂街；
The Pearl珍珠；
短篇小说：
The Red Pony小红马
vv.Part 9. Black American Literature 美国黑人文学
ww.Frederick Douglass 弗莱德里克·道格拉斯(1817-1895)：Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an AmericanSlave弗莱德里克·道格拉斯，一个美国黑人的自述
MyBondage and My Freedom我的枷锁与我的自由
The lifeand Time of Frederick Douglass弗莱德里克·道格拉斯的生平与时代
xx.William E.B. Dubois 威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯(1868-1963)：
Souls of Black Folk黑人的灵魂；
The Suppression of the African Slave Trade into the USA制止非洲奴隶贸易进入美国；
The Philadephia Negro；John Brown；The Black Flame黑色的火焰（三部曲）
yy.James Langston Hughes 詹姆斯·兰斯顿·休斯(1902-1969)：Mulatto混血儿——剧本；
The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声；
Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神；
Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚；
I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考；
The Best of Simple辛普尔精选
zz.Ralph Ellison 拉尔夫·埃利林(1914-1994)：
长篇小说：
Invisible Man看不见的人；
散文集：
Shadow and Act影子与行动；
Going to the Territory步入文学界
aaa.James Baldwin 詹姆斯·鲍德温(1924-1987)：
散文集：
Note of a Native Son土生子的笔记’
Fire Next Time下一次烈火；
No Name in the Street他的名字被遗忘‘
The Devil Finds Work魔鬼找到工作；
小说：
Go Tell it on the Mountain向苍天呼吁’
Giovanni’s Room乔万尼的房间‘
Another Country另一个国度；
Tell Me How Long the Train’s Been Gone告诉我火车已开多久；
IfBeale Street Could Talk假如比尔能说话；
Just Above My Head就在我头上；
短篇小说集：
Going to Meet the Man去见这个人；
剧本：
The Amen Corner阿门角；
Blues for Mister Charley为查理先生唱布鲁斯/黑人怨；
One Day When I was Lost有一天当我迷失的时候/迷路前后
bbb.P art 10. American Drama 美国戏剧
ccc.Eugene Oneil 尤金·奥尼尔(1888-1953)：
独幕剧：
Bound East to Cardiff东航卡迪夫；
The Long Voyage Home归途迢迢；
The Moon of the Carribbeans加勒比人之月；
多幕剧：
Beyond the Horizon天边外——成名作；
Anna Christie安娜·克里斯蒂；
The Emperor Jones琼斯皇；
The Hairy Ape毛猿；
All the God’s Children Got Wings上帝的儿女都有翅膀；
The Great God Brown大神布朗；
The Strange Interlude奇异的插曲；
Mourning Becomes Electra素娥怨/悲悼；
The Iceman Cometh送冰的人来了；
The Long Days Journey Into Night进入黑夜的漫长旅程/日长路远夜常深沉
ddd.J D Salinger 杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格(1919- )：
短篇小说：
The Young Folks年轻人；
短篇小说集：
Nine Stories故事九篇；
中篇小说：
Franny弗兰尼；
Zooey卓埃；
Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高；
Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人；
长篇小说：
The Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者
eee.Tennessee William 田纳西·威廉斯(1911-1983)：American Blues美国的布鲁斯；
Battle of Angels天使的战斗；
The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园；
The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车；
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫；
The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜；
Summer and Smoke夏与烟；
The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹；
Sweet Bird of Yout可爱的青春鸟
fff.Arthur Miller 阿瑟·米勒(1915- )：
Situation Normal情况正常；
The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人；
All My Sons都是我的儿子；
The Death of a Salesman推销员之死；
The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫；
A View from the Bridge桥头眺望；
A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆；
After the Fall堕落之后；
Incident at Vichy维希事件；
The Price代价；
The Creation ofthe World and Other Business创世及其他；
The Archbishop’s Ceiling大主教的天花板；
The American Clock美国时钟
ggg.E dward Albee 爱德华·阿尔比(1928- )：
The Zoo Story动物园的故事；
The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死；
The Sandbox沙箱；
The American Dream美国梦；
Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫；
Tiny Alice小爱丽丝；
A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群；
Seascape海景；
The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人；
The Man With Three Arms三臂人
hhh.P art 11. The Post-War Scene 战后美国文学
iii.Saul Bellow索尔·贝娄(1915- )：
长篇小说：
Dangling Man晃来晃去/挂起来的人；
The Victim受害者；
The Adventure of Augie March奥基·马奇历险记；
Henderson the Rain King雨王汉德逊；
Herzog赫索格；
MrSummlar’s Planet塞姆勒先生的行星；
Humboldt’s Gift洪堡的礼物；
中篇小说：
Seize the Day且乐今朝
jjj.The Beaten Generation垮掉的一代：Norman Mailer诺曼·米勒(1923- )：Barbary Shore巴巴里海滨；
The Deer Park廘苑；
An American Dream一场美国梦；
The White Negro白色黑人；
Advertisement for Myself为自己做广告；
Why Are We inVietnam?我们为什么要去越南;
The Executioner’s Song刽子手之歌;
The Armies of theNight夜色幕下的大军——历史小说；
New Journalism新新闻报道
kkk.Joseph Heller 约瑟夫·海勒(1923- )：
长篇小说：
Catch-22第二十二条军规；
Something Happened出了毛病；
As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好；
剧本：
We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文；
Catch-22: Clevinger’s Trial克莱文杰受审——据Catch-22第八章
lll.John Barth 约翰·巴思(1930- )：
长篇小说：
The Floating Opera漂浮的歌剧；
The End of the Road穷途末路；
The Sot-weed Factor烟草代理商；
Letters书信集；
Giles Goat-boy山羊孩子贾尔斯；
Lost in the Funhouse迷失在开心馆里；
Chimera客迈拉；
Sabbatical学院的轮休假；
The Friday Book:Essays and Other Nonfictions星期五的书：论文及其他非小说
mmm.Postmodernism后现代主义：Thomas Pynchon 托马斯·品钦(1937- )：
Geography of a Horse Dreamer马上梦者的地理；
Angel City天使城；
The Tooth ofCrime罪恶的牙齿；
Family家庭：Curse of the Starving Class饥饿阶级的诅咒；BuriedChild被埋葬的孩子；True West真正的西部；
Fool for Love情痴；
A Lie of the Mind心灵的谎言；
Paris/Texas德州的巴黎
常耀信《美国文学简史》(第3版)笔记和考研真题详解(9-14章)【圣才出品】
第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism（地方色彩主义） The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流，地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家，他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色，倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化，但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)（马克·吐温） 1.Life（生平） Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost
(完整版)美国文学课后答案
1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography? Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it 2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother. 3.How did he arrive in Philadephia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there about eight or nine o’clock, on the Sunday morning and landed at the Market Street wharf. 4.What features do you find in the style of the above selection? It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision(言简意赅). The narrative is lucid(易懂的), the structure is simple, the imagery is homely(朴素的). 二、Questions 1.How many characters does Poe include in The Cask of Amontillado? What are these names? Montresor, Fortunato and Luchesi 2. What drink are the French most famous for? Wine 3.Does Montresor have something of great value to him which we might consider to be his treasure? His pride and the pride of his French family heritage. Perhaps his devious plot of revenge. 4.Does Montresor seem to have much respect for Italians? Montresor does not have much respect for Italians. He feels the French are superior, especially with respect to wine. 5.What was Fortunato's insult? Poe does not tell us directly, but only implies it in the third paragraph 6.Which wine does Montresor use to lure Fortunato into the catacombs? "Amontillado" (the Spanish wine; Montresor's ruse to lead Fortunato down into the catacombs. 7.Why does Montresor entertain Fortunato with wines from his collection? Montresor wants to get Fortunato drunk enough to be able to trap him in his plan of vengeance. 8.In what two ways does Montresor imprison Fortunato? He fetters (chains and locks) Fortunato to the wall of the catacombs. He builds a wall to close Fortunato off in a small corner of the catacombs, where Montresor will leave him to die. 9.In what ways is The Cask of Amontillado grotesque? First, which of Montresor's actions are abnormal? The whole obsessive plot of vengeance. The fettering and entombment of Fortunato. Montresor's sick sense of humor. 10.Is there anything grotesque about Fortunato? His obsession with alcohol. His drunkenness. His tendency to berate Luchesi (he may have been drunk and may have insulted Montresor in a similar
美国文学题_答案
III Multiple choice (20%) 1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. When her poems were published in England, she became known as the “______” who appeared in America. A Ninth Muse B Tenth Muse C Best Muse D First Muse 2. ______ is the sometimes exaggerated use of local language, characters and customs in regional literature. A purple prose B waste-land imagery C local color D symbolism 3. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as _______. A The Jazz Age B The Gilded Age C The Glorious Age D The Beat Age 4. ___________ was a reaction to the ideas of the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment. A Romanticism B Realism C Naturalism D Modernism 5. Although only few of her poems were published in her lifetime and a complete collection of them didn’t appear until the 1950’s, _____ had a major impact on 20th century poetry. A Anne Bradstreet B Gertrude Stein C Emily Dickinson D Amy Lowell 6. Who of the following is NOT a 20th century American poet? A Henry Wordsworth Longsfellow B Amy Lowell C Ezra Pound D Robert Frost 7. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ______. A International theme B Waste-land imagery C Local color
美国文学复习大纲
美国文学部分(American Literature) 一．殖民时期文学（The Literature of the Colonial Period） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1) 早期殖民地时期的文学的特点 2) 十八世纪美国文学的特点（重点是独立革命前后时期文学） 3) 主要的作家、其概况及其代表作品 4) 术语：the colonial period, American Puritanism, Puritans, Enlightenment in American, the Great A wakening 2．主要作家作品 John Smith第一个美国作家 A True Relation of Virginia and General History of Virginia. Anne Bradstreet 殖民地时期女诗人 The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America (1650) Jonathan Edwards十八世纪上半叶大觉醒时代的代表人物 “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林，散文家、科学家、社会活动家，曾参与起草《独立宣言》。十八世纪美国启蒙思想代言人。 《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanac（收录格言警句） 《致富之道》The Way to Wealth 《自传》The Autobiography （富兰克林原意为写给儿子的家书） Thomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩，散文家、政治家、报刊撰稿人。 《常识》Common Sense ( Paine 最知名的政论文：It was inspired by the first battle of the Revolutionary War—the Battle of Lexington in Concord.) 《美国危机》American Crisis 《人的权利》Rights of Man 《专制体制的崩溃》Downfall of Despotism 《理性时代》The Age of Reason Philip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺，著名的“革命诗人”。 《蒸蒸日上的美洲》“The Rising Glo ry of America” 《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship”（诗人自己被俘，关押于英国囚船的经历）
美国文学简史(第三版)复习 常耀信
美国文学作者作品 Edwards: 爱德华兹 The Freedom of the Will 《论意志自由》 Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended 《论原罪》 The Nature of True Virtue 《论真实德行的本原》 名篇：Personal Narrative 《自述》 Sinners in the hands of an Angry God 《愤怒上帝手中之罪》 Benjamin Franklin:本杰明·富兰克林 Poor Richard’s Almanac《穷理查德年历》Autobiography 《自传》 Washington Irving:华盛顿·欧文 A History of New York《纽约外传》The Sketch Book 《见文札记》名篇：Rip Van Winkle《瑞普·温·凡克尔》 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 《睡谷传奇》 James Fenimore Cooper:詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏Leatherstocking Tales 《皮袜子故事集》 The Pioneer 《拓荒者》The Prairie 《大草原》 The Last of Mohicans《最后的莫希干人》 The Pathfinder《探路人》The Deerslayer 《猎鹿者》
Ralph Waldo Emerson:拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 Nature 《论自然》Self-Reliance 《论自立》Essays 《随笔集》名篇：The American Scholar 《美国学者》（has been regarded as “American Declaration of Intellectual Independence”被誉为美国思想的独立宣言） The Poet Henry David Thoreau:亨利·戴维·梭罗 Walden 《瓦尔登湖》 Nathaniel Hawthorne:纳撒尼尔·霍桑 The Scarlet Letter《红字》 The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》 Mosses from an Old Manse《古厦青苔》 The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》 The Marble Faun 《玉石神像》 Ethan Brand 《伊桑布兰德》 Young Goodman Brown 《好小伙子布朗》 Dr. Heidggeger’s Experiment 《海德格博士的体验》 The Ambitions Guest 《野心勃勃的客人》 The Greast Stone Face 《巨石脸》
爱党青年和谐版美国文学答案
Literary terms这部分的答案均来自星火《英美文学》一书，质量高 1.Transcendentalism: is literature，philosophical and literary movement that flourished in New England from about 1836 to1860. It originated among a small group of intellectuals who were reaching against the orthodoxy of Calvinism and the rationalism of the Unitarian Church, their own faith centering on the divinity of humanity and the natural world instead. Transcendentalism derived some of its basic idealistic concepts from romantic German philosophy, and from such English authors as Carlyle，Coleridge, and Wordsworth. The ideas of transcendentalism were most eloquently expressed by Ralph Waldo Emerson in such essays as Nature and Self-Reliance and by Henry David Thoreau in his book Walden. 2.American naturalism：this term was created by Emile Zola. Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory played an important role in naturalism. In the works off naturalism，characters were conceived as complex combinations of inherited attributes and habits conditioned by social and economic forces. At the end of the 19th century，this pessimistic form of realism appeared in America. Naturalism attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness. Characters in the works of naturalism were dominated by their environment and heredity. Naturalism emphasized：the world was around；men had no free will；religious “truth” were illusory；the destiny of human beings was misery in life and oblivion in death. The dominant figures in naturalism were Stephen crane，Frank Norris, Jack London and Theodore Dreiser. 3.The lost generation: included the young English and American expatriates as well as men and women caught in the war and cut from the old value and yet unable to come to terms with the new era when civilization had gone mad. These writers adopted unconventional style of writing and reacted against the tendencies of the older writers in the 1920s. The term came from Gertrude Stein who said in Hemingway's presence that “you are all a lost generation.” 4.Jazz age: the novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald coined the term "Jazz Age" retroactively to refer to the decade after World War I and before the stock market crash in 1929, during which Americans embarked upon what he called "the gaudiest spree in history". Jazz Age is inextricably associated with the wealthy white "flappers" and socialites immortalized in Fitzgerald's fiction. 5.Free verse: is a poetry that has an irregular rhythm and line length and that attempts to avoid any predetermined verse structure, instead, it uses the cadences of natural speech. While it alternates stressed and unstressed syllables as stricter verse forms do, free verse does so in a looser way. Whitman's poetry is an example of free verse at its most impressive. It has since been used by Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot and other major American can poets of the 20th century. 6. The iceberg analogy: The Iceberg Theory is a writing theory by American writer Ernest Hemingway, as follows：if a writer of a prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader，if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. 这部分来自星火的为：3,7,8, 来自课本为：1,4,9 来自网络为：2,5,6大家自取之 1.Poe's Poetic Ideas A.His conviction that the function of poetry is not to summarize and interpret earthly experience, but to create a mood in which the soul soars toward supernal beauty. B.He insists that poetry must be disembarrassed of that moral sense. C.Poe believes that the elevation of excitement of the soul should be “the poetic principle” thus poetry must concern itself only with “supernal beauty”. D.Poe defines poetry as “the rhythmical creation of beauty” a definition gi ving unexampled emphasis upon the importance of the rhythmical or musical element in poetry.
(完整word版)《美国文学选读》课程标准
《美国文学选读》课程标准 一、课程性质与任务 美国文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课。它与英美文学史密切结合，使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时，可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理，并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯，开阔视野，在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。美国文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景，培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣，增强语感，增进学生对美国社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解，提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。 二、课程教学目标 1．知识目标 1）文学知识：通过本课程的学习，学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的美国文学作品，把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点；另外，还应对美国的文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。 2）语言知识：本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品，深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析，以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展。 2．能力目标 1）文学作品鉴赏能力：通过作者作品的讲解，学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价，培养并提高自我的鉴赏能力； 2）语言表达能力：通过课堂和课下阅读及评价任务的完成，学生的口头和书面表达能力能够得到全面的提高； 3）思辩能力：课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力，助其开拓思路，同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。 3．素质目标 1）文学文化修养：本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课，旨在培养学生对美国文学及文化的理解，可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化，并形成独立的开放的文化观，进一步强化其跨文化意识； 2）基本的研究素质：本课程通过对文学评论的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角，可使其具备基本的文学研究素质； 3）文学翻译的基础：本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素，可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料，并做好前期准备。 三、课程基本信息和内容要求
美国文学选读课后题答案
1、Do you think Gatsby deserves to be called “the great”? Why? -------from F、Scoot、Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby Gatsby pursuit “a universe of ineffable gorgeous” in his young age、In fact, Gatsby from West Egg insists his Platonic fantasy、He fell in love with the blonde and his ineffable gorgeous ideal is bined with Daisy’s breathing and desire、Daisy bees the image of ideal in his mind; though she marries Tom and may does not love him, though he can realize her soul full of money and desire, he cannot change his mind which back his love and be together as before、Maybe that is the shining and great part of his soul、Maybe that is the American dream which can show to us、But through the novel, we can have the clear idea that Daisy’s desire was not his drea m, it is not Daisy’s fault but his dream has giant vitality and energy、His dream is far behind Daisy and everything exists、He does his best to build the perfect world and aim in his mind、So his spirit which pursuits on ideal and dedication is also far behind secular frolicking in the bed、For realizing his dream, he donated himself to mud of money in New York; he showed no interests in wealth itself and the life of debauchery、Just like the lotus lives in the pound around with mud but not be polluted、His soul no doubt is suffering in the social life but without any plain、3、What do “petals” and “bough” stands for? -----from Ezra Pound In A Station of the Metro、 First of all, this poem stands the points of economy by Imagism、Every word in this poem has its own unique meaning、For example, the color of black in this poem may represent the train’s color, the railway’s color, the pillar’s color or the dim light of the metro station、Ezra Pound was very sensitive to the color and usually used their different meanings in his poetry、He used the skill of painting in his process of creating the poem、In this poem, every word is used as the pigment、Petals stand for the meaning of color from their unique image、The word “wet” brings the feeling of fresh and bright to the people、And the word “apparition” gives the dim color of pale and weak to the “faces” and “petals”、And the author put the petals and faces together let the faces have the feeling of tender and red、Several pretty faces appear in the metro station from the dimly lit, and they bee the shining petals in the black bough which was wet by the rain、This transformation is based on our vision, but it also shows that the same point between the quiet nature scenery and the noisy industrial environment、Ezra Pound wants tell us that we can find the beauty everywhere in our daily life、And it also shows the metaphor of Imagism、 1、Do you think Gatsby deserves to be called “the great”? Why? (1)I think it is too plicated to simply say Gatsby deserves to be “great” or not、For one thing, Gatsby was ambitious, hardworking, generous and passionate、He was so extremely loyal to his love and Daisy that he could do anything to get Daisy back: he did shady business to earn money and social position; he threw luxurious parties just to draw Daisy’s attention; he could take the blame for a death that he did not cause、(2)In this respect, he is much “greater” than his contemporaries、For another thing, Gatsby never realized that Daisy wasn’t the girl he loved anymore、Gatsby was so innocent that he staked everything on his dreams, not realizing that his dreams are unworthy of him、He wasn’t sober enough to be great、
美国文学史作品作家汇总 全
美国文学史作品作家汇总 美国文学 Part 1. Colonial America Thomas Paine托马斯?潘恩1737-1809 The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代 Philip Freneau菲利普?弗伦诺1752-1832 The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle 野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地 .Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will 论意志自由The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended论原罪The Nature of True Virtue论真是德行的本原 Benjamin Franklin本杰明?富兰克林1706-1790 A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money; Poor Richard’s Almanac穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自传 Part 2. American Romanticism Washington Irving华盛顿?欧文1783-1859 A History of New York纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Brace bridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travelers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉 Jamie Fennimore Cooper詹姆斯?费尼莫尔?库珀1789-1851 The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;The Little page Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leather stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deer slayer杀鹿者 Part 3.New England Transcendentalism Ralf Waldo Emerson拉尔夫?沃尔多?爱默生1803-1882 Essays散文集:Nature论自然-----新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar 论美国学者;Divinity; The Over soul论超灵;Self-reliance论自立;The Transcendentalist超验主义者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits 英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说 Concord Hymn康考德颂;The Rhoda杜鹃花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日
美国文学复习资料+答案
1. The American Transcendentalists formed a club called ________ the Transcendental Club 2. _______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. Washington Irving 3. At nineteen __________ published in his brother 's newspaper, his "Jonathan Oldstyle" satires of New York life. 4. In Washington Irving 's work _______________ appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature. The Sketch Book 5. The first important American novelist was ____________ .James Fenimore Cooper 6. James Fenimore Cooper 's novel _______________ was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War. The Spy 7. The best of James Fenimore Cooper's sea romances was ____________ . The Pilot 8. "To a Waterfowl" is perhaps the peak of _____________ _'s work; it has been called by an eminent English critic “ the most perfect brief poem in the lan guage . ”William Cullen Bryant 9. ______________ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet in the world literature.