历年英语四级完形填空真题及参考答案

历年英语四级完形填空真题及参考答案

1. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, "mail order" catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __69__ in other business transactions; the difference __70__ in the details.

To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __72__ an item, arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent __75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce __76__ one to send payment information electronically.

In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (新奇事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __79__ had a web page, and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years __81__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many banks added online access, __84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the value of goods and services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.

67.A) distract B) descend C) differ D) derive

68.A) with B) via C) from D) off

69.A) appeared B) used C) resorted D) served

70.A) situates B) lies C) roots D) locates

71.A) on B) of C) for D) to

72.A) reflects B) detects C) protects D) selects

73.A) sends in B) puts out C) stands for D) carries away

74.A) visible B) responsible C) feasible D) sensible

75.A) beside B) over C) beyond D) up

76.A) appeals B) admits C) advocates D) allows

77.A) after B) behind C) until D) toward

78.A) optional B) invalid C) occasional D) insignificant

79.A) communities B) corps C) corporations D) compounds

80.A) largely B) slightly C) solely D) only

81.A) lately B) later C) late D) latter

82.A) offered B) convinced C) equipped D) provided

83.A) Instead B) Nevertheless C) However D) Besides

84.A) and B) or C) but D) though

85.A) different B) flexible C) widespread D) productive

86.A) acquired B) adapted C) practiced D) proceeded

参考答案：

67. B) differ

68. B) via

69. B) used

70. B) lies

71. B) of

72. D) selects

73. A) sends in

74. A) visible

75. C) beyond

76. D) allows

77. B) behind

78. D) insignificant

79. C) corporations

80. D) only

81. B) later

82. D) provided

83. D) besides

84. A) and

85. C) widespread

86. A) acquired

2. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Over half the world’s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year. The report 67 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.

A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 69 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half billion people.

Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 72 is in the developing world.

Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 on cities to provide housing and 75 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violence and crime 79 cities plan better.

Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 80 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban population growth.

Sprawl is 82 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 83 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 84 toward “de-urbani zation” across the nation.

85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not.

67. [A] came on [B] came off [C] came over [D] came out

68. [A] more [B] other [C] less [D] rather

69. [A] By [B] Through [C] Along [D] To

70. [A] really [B] barely [C] ever [D] almost

71. [A] flourishing [B] developed [C] thriving [D] fertile

72. [A] extension [B] addition [C] raise [D] growth

73. [A] keep [B] turn [C] lead [D] refer

74. [A] pressure [B] load [C] restraint [D] weight

75. [A] surroundings [B] communities [C] concerns [D] services

76. [A] onto [B] into [C] around [D] upon

77. [A] pulled [B] driven [C] drawn [D] pressed

78. [A] situation [B] wealth [C] treasure [D] category

79. [A] when [B] if [C] unless [D] whereas

80. [A] expand [B] split [C] invade [D] enlarge

81. [A] in [B] beyond [C] with [D] at

82. [A] common [B] conventional [C] ordinary [D] frequent

83. [A] essential [B] prior [C] primitive [D] major

84. [A] trend [B] style [C] direction [D] path

85. [A] Then [B] But [C] For [D] While

86. [A] abilities [B] qualities [C] possibilities [D] realities

参考答案：

67. D came out

68. C less

69. D by

70. A almost

71. B developed

72. C growth

73. B lead

74. A pressure

75. B services

76. B into来源：考试大的美女编辑们

77. C driven

78. C wealth

79. C unless

80. D expand

81. C at

82. C common

83. A major

84. D trend

85. C but

86. B possibilities

解析：

67. D came out 表示出版，公布，这里表示报告的公布。

68. C less 根据上下文可知这里说的是都市人口的增长，强调之前的少和现在的多，所以用少于更合适。less than：少于，不到。

69. D by 在这里表示截止到某时间为止。

70. A almost 几乎，将近，对前面的解释，说明人口有多少。

71. B developed 根据上下文意思，以及后文相对的developing world可知应该是发达国家，即：developed countries。

72. C growth 仔细阅读的话可以发现下文就有答案，这里讲的是都市人口的增长，所以用growth。

73. B lead lead to表示导致，通向，本段末也有出现过，在这里是说都市化有助于社会和经济的进步。

74. A pressure 从下文的描述可以看出过快的都市化也给城市带来了巨大压力，所以选pressure。

75. B services 服务，城市为人们提供住房和服务。

76. B into 介词选择，move into 移入，迁入；固定搭配。

77. C driven 表示推动，驱动，driven by 由…驱动，由什么原因引起的。

78. C wealth 财富；social division and differences in wealth 社会分化和财富上的差距。

79. C unless 除非，这里说的是除非城市规划更好，否则各部分财富分配不均的局面将可能导致犯罪问题。

80. D expand 指扩张，expand into rural areas 扩张到农村地区。

81. C at at a much faster rate 以更快的速度，固定搭配

82. C common 表示某事件很普遍，平常。从下文的across America可知这种情况很普遍很常见。

83. A major major cities，大城市，与后文中的smaller cities形成对比

84. D trend 趋势，这里是对前面情况的概括，a trend toward de-urbanization 表示一种逆城市化的发展趋势。

85. C but 表示转折，说城市还是有自身优点的，与前面的“逆城市化”形成转折关系。

86. B possibilities 可能性，这里表示城市依然能够提供农村所不能提供的机会和可能性。

整篇解析：

这篇完型填空取材自2009年10月9日的VOA Special English节目，谈论的是城市发展的问题。从抓主旨的角度来说，这样一篇小小200词的文章，纵览了世界城市发展史，又横览了城市化带来的种种问题，里面的核心论点之间逻辑关联紧密，考生如果没有任何背景知识和推理能力，解题会遇到一定的困难。比如说第二个空格，很多考生在more 和less之中犹豫不决，在没有具体背景信息的情况之下，就需要依据上下文的文脉进行推理。既然强调的是城市化的迅速发展，从5%到几乎70%，这个5%前面究竟填入超过还是不到。从作者的叙述语气一致可以推知，他必定在感叹这个变化的巨大，因此前文应该是不到5%。对于into/at这样一些介词小词的考查历来都是完型填空的重点，move into cities/

at a faster rate，这都是比较容易选择的基础搭配。

3. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

When it comes to eating amart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term fixes and simplify your life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come.

Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite of food you lift -67- your mouth. "In the past we used to believe that -68- amounts of individual nutrients (营养物) were the -

69- to good health," says Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee. "But now we have a -70- understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to -71- not only heart disease but disease -72- general," she adds.

Scientists now -73- on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten -74- several days or a week -75- than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that -76- at each meal. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds -77- for good health. "The more we learn, the more -78- we are by the wealth of essential substances they -79- ," Van Horn continues, "and how they -80- with each other to keep us healthy."

You'll automatically be -81- the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make -82- three quarters of the food on your dinner plate. -83- in the restaurant one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.

The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to -84- clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a -85- , each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big -86- on your health in the years to come.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

67. A) between C) inside B) through D) to

68. A) serious C) special B) splendid D) separate

69. A) key C) lead B) point D) center

70. A) strict C) typical B) different D) natural

71. A) rescue C) forbid B) prevent D) offend

72. A) in C) for B) upon D) by

73. A) turn C) focus B) put D) carry

74. A) over C) with B) along D) beyond

75. A) other C) rather B) better D) sooner

76. A) conveyed C) entered B) consumed D) exhausted

77. A) vital C) valid B) initial D) radical

78. A) disturbed C) amazed B) depressed D) amused

79. A) retain C) attain B) contain D) maintain

80. A) interfere C) reckon B) interact D) rest

81. A) at C) on B) of D) within

82. A) out C) off B) into D) up

83. A) Engage C) Insert B) Fill D) Pack

84. A) delete C) avoid B) hinder D) spoil

85. A) notion C) reason B) hesitation D) doubt

86. A) outcome C) impact B) function D) commitment

参考答案：

67.C inside

68. C specific

69. A key

70. B different

71.B prevent

72. A in

73. C focus

74. over

75.C rather

76. B consumed

77. A vital

78. C amazed

79.B contain

80. B interact

81. C on

82. D up

83.B fill

84. C avoid

85. D doubt

86. C impact

4. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67_______.

Nearly half of organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68_______ with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), 69_______ even more companies expect to experience 70_______ of employees with STEM skills in the next three years.

The Confederation of British Industry 71_______ 694 businesses and organizations across the public and 72_______ sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

Half are 73_______ they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74_______ enough employees with the right A-level skills.

"75_______ we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76_______ growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77_______," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI. “Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right

78_______ or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top 79_______ to encourage more young people to study science-related 80_______."

The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81_______ they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers 82_______ least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a 83_______ degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related subject.

The research 84_______ worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85_______. Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy(计算) skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86_______ two-thirds reported concerns.

67. A submits B reveals C launches D generates

68. A audience B officials C partners D staff

69. A while B because C for D although

70. A exits B shortages C absences D departures

71. A surveyed B searched C exposed D exploited

72. A collective B private C personal D civil

73. A confronted B conformed C concerned D confused

74. A bind B attain C transfer D recruit

75. A Lest B Unless C Before D As

76. A with B for C on D by

77. A dominate B stretch C enforce D intensify

78. A creative B technical C narrative D physical

79. A priority B option C challenge D judgment

80. A procedures B academies C thoughts D subjects

81. A until B since C whereas D if

82. A rate B discuss C order D observe

83. A typical B positive C particular D general

84. A highlighted B prescribed C focused D touched

85. A masses B workforce C faculty D communities

86. A what B whom C where D why

参考答案

67. B) reveals

68. D) staff

69. A) while

70. B) shortages

71. A) surveyed

72. B) private

73. C) concerned

74. D) recruit

75. D) As

76. B) for

77. D) intensify

78. B) technical

79. A) priority

80. D) subjects

81. D) if

82. A) rate

83. B) particular

84. A) highlighted

85. B) workforce

86. C) where

5. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Because conflict and disagreements are part of all close relationships, couples need to learn strategies for managing conflict in a healthy and constructive way. Some couples just 67 and deny the presence of any conflict in a relationship. 68 ,denying the existence of conflict results in couples 69 to solve their problems at early 70 ,which can then lead to even greater problems later 71 .Not surprisingly, expressing anger and disagreement leads to lower marital (婚姻的)satisfaction at the beginning. However, this pattern of behavior 72 increases in marital satisfaction over time. Research suggests that working 73 conflicts is an important predictor of marital satisfaction.

So, what can you do to manage conflict in your own relationships? First, try to understand the other person’s point of view 74 put yourself in his of her place. People who are 75 to what their partner thinks and feels 76 greater relationship satisfaction. For example, researchers found that among people in dating relationships 77 marriages, those who can adopt their partner’s perspective show more positive 78 .more relationship-enhancing attributes and more constructive responses 79 conflict.

Second, because conflict and disagreements are an 80 part of close relationships. People need to be able to apologize to their partner for wrongdoing and 81 forgiveness from their parents for their own acts. Apologies minimize conflict, lead to forgiveness, and serve to restore relationship closeness. In line 82 this view, spouses who are more forgiving show higher mental 83 over time. Increasingly, apologizing can even have 84 health benefits. For example, when people reflect on hurtful 85 and grudges(怨恨)，they show negative physiological(生理的) effects, including 86 heart rate and blood pressure, compared to when they reflect on sympathetic perspective-taking and forgiving.

67.A)resolve B)regret C)abandon D)avoid

68. A)Besides B)Therefore C)Moreover D)However

69. A)trying B)declining C)failing D)striving

70. A)ages B)years C)stages D)intervals

71. A)on B)by C)off D)away

72. A)prescribes B)protests C)proves D)predicts

73. A)round B)amid C)among D)through

74. A)so B)while C)but D)and

75. A)sensitive B)superior C)exclusive D)efficient

76. A)expose B)experience C)explore D)exploit

77. A)as long as B)as far as C)as well as D)as soon as

78. A)minds B)emotions C)psychology D)affection

79. A)to B)against C)at D)toward

80. A)absolute B)inevitable C)essential D)obvious

81. A)require B)inquire C)receive D)achieve

82. A)over B)with C)up D)of

83. A)quality B)identity C)charity D)capability

84. A)creative B)positive C)objective D)competitive

85. A)prospects B)concepts C)memories D)outlooks

86. A)added B)toughened C)strengthened D)increased

参考答案：

67. C avoid

68. B however

69. D failing

70. C stages

71. A on

72. A predicts

73. A through

74. B and

75. B sensitive

76. D experience

77. B as well as

78. C emotions

79. D to

80. A inevitable

81. D receive

82. A with

83. D quality

84. B positive

85. A memories

86. B increased

6. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Try to imagine what it is like to live without electricity. It is boring, 67 one thing —no television, on MP3 player, no video games. And you feel 68 and disconnected as well — no computer, no Internet, no mobile phone. You can read books, of course —69 at night you won’t have light, other than the flicker (闪烁) of firewood. And about that firewood — you or someone in your family had to 70 it during the day, taking you away from more 71 work or schooling, and in more parts of the world, exposing you 72 danger. That same firewood is used to cook dinner, 73 smoke that can turn the air inside your home far more 74 than that breathed in an industrial city. You may lack access to modern drugs 75 the nearest hospital does not have continuous 76 to keep the medicine refrigerated. You are 77 poor — and the lack of electricity helps to 78 that you’ll stay that way.

That is life for the 1.3 billion people around that 79 who lack access to the grid (电网). It is a 80 problem of the developing world and the countryside — more than 95% of 81

Without electricity are either in sub-Saharan Africa or developing Asia, and 84% live in rural areas. 82 it hasn’t gotten the attention that 83 problems like HIV/AIDS and water shortage have 84 in recent years, lack of power remains a major 85 to any progres s in the world’s development.

“Lacking access to electricity 86 health, well-being and income,” says Fatih Birol, the chief economist of the International Energy Agency. “It’s a problem the world has to pay attention to.”

67. [A] about [B] with [C] as [D] for

68. [A] lonely [B] tedious [C] ignored [D] tough

69. [A] so [B] but [C] since [D] if

70. [A] transfer [B] select [C] assemble [D] gather

71. [A] relative [B] massive [C] productive [D] extensive

72. [A] to [B] of [C] amid [D] under

73. [A] seeking out [B] giving up [C] throwing off [D] carrying away

74. [A] harmful [B] aggressive [C] visible [D] allergic

75. [A] although [B] whereas [C] while [D] because

76. [A]strength [B] power [C] source [D] force

77. [A] desperately [B] oddly [C] marvelously [D] vastly

78. [A] engage [B] insist [C] ensure [D] induce

79. [A] continent [B] location [C] territory [D] planet

80. [A] solemn [B] severe [C] compound [D] comparable

81. [A] that [B] which [C] those [D] ones

82. [A] Unless [B] Though [C] Until [D] Before

83. [A] global [B] fashionable [C] grand [D] famous

84. [A]commanded [B] withdrawn [C] offered [D] received

85. [A] solution [B] target [C] obstacle [D] retreat

86. [A] interrupts [B] affects [C] halts [D] suspends

参考答案：

67-71 DABDC 72-76 ACADB 77-81 ACDBC 82-86 BADCB

7. Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡）habit is a smart, healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to cope 69 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.

According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 70 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 71 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 72 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying 73 heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.

Of course, napping isn’t 74 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 75 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.

But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡）can 77 creativity.

According to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6716655360.html,, you 78 a natural dip in body temperature 79 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness 80 several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t 81 being able to fall asleep at night.

Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6716655360.html, 82 snapping on the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less 83 to snooze for too long.

Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 84 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking 85 that puts babies to sleep works 86 for grown-ups, too.

67. A) enforce B) promote C) operate D) support

68. A) feeling B) frame C) sense D) mind

69. A) with B) aside C) about D) upon

70. A) remark B) consider C) remember D) concern

71. A) reportedly B) incredibly C) constantly D) frankly

72. A) regularly B) enormously C) heavily D) strongly

73. A) off B) under C) against D) from

74. A) exact B) correct C) right D) precise

75. A) influence B) eliminate C) compete D) interfere

76. A) focusing B) depending C) relying D) basing

77. A) enlarge B) engage C) enhance D) enlighten

78. A) explore B) experience C) exercise D) execute

79. A) between B) amidst C) among D) besides

80. A) of B) beyond C) during D) for

81. A) produce B) dispose C) affect D) hasten

82. A) illustrates B) decides C) predicts D) recommends

83. A) inclined B) involved C) adopted D) attracted

84. A) pronounced B) published C) discovered D) cultivated

85. A) mood B) model C) motion D) motive

86. A) wonders B) passions C) mystery D) pleasure

参考答案：

Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap habit—or continuing to make time for one—

for everyone. If you’re prone to

may feel more tired if they take a nap than if they don’t.

for grown-ups too.

点评：本篇完形填空摘自Read’s Digest，再次体现了四六级考试频繁使用

外刊素材的特点。

本篇文章主要讲述了睡午觉的好处。不管你是否觉得有睡午觉的必要，养成这样的习惯可以让你有效对抗下午的困顿。但是，睡午觉也未必适合每个人。如果你本身已经有失眠的问题，睡午觉会让你晚上更难入睡。

除了通过上下文理解才能得出答案的题目之外，仍然考察了一些语法点。比如第69题，A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more

nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to cope __69___ the mid-afternoon sleepiness. 这里明显考察的就是词组cope with.表示处理、应对。

再比如第73题，And most incredibly, a 2007 study of nearly 24,000

Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped regularly had a 37% reduced risk of dying __73__ heart

disease ……这里也非常明显的考察了词组die from

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alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze will

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