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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有答案

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有答案
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有答案

一、选择题

1.In fact (事实上), she ________ ________ many ________.

A.doesn’t has; toies B.don’t has; toies C.doesn’t have; toys D.don’t have; toys 2.________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A.The number of; lost B.The number of; losing C.A number of; lose

D.A number of; loss

3.-Can I help you?

-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.

A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 4.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.

A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoes

C.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes

5.With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment.

A.development; to protect B.developing; to protect C.development; protect D.develop; protect

6.People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest(丰收)on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day.

A.Thanksgiving Day B.Christmas Day C.National Day

7.—Why do you get up so early?

—Because my home is far fro m the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.

A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’8.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.

A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 9.—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!

A.three-day; three days B.three- day; three days’

C.three days’; three-day D.three days; three days

10.—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?

—He can join the ______ club.

A.sport B.music

C.sports D.swimming

11.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A.boy students; woman teachers B.boy students; women teachers

C.boys students; women teachers D.boys students; woman teachers

12.—Do you think it is _______good advice?

—Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion.

A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an

13.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.

A.salad; eggs B.salads; eggs C.salad; eggs D.salads; egg 14.—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?

—Yes. It is ________.

A.twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B.twin's; Liz's and Lillie's

C.twins'; Liz and Lillie's D.twin's; Liz and Lillie's

15.—Let's ____________ some salad.

—Sorry, I don't like ____________ .

A.have; them B.to have; it C.have; it D.to have; them 16.— Is this room yours? —No, it's not__________.It's __________.

A.mine; Lily's and Lucy's B.my; Lily and Lucy's

C.my; theirs D.mine; Sally's

17.—Is that your schoolbag?

—No, it isn’t. It’s _____.

A.her. B.Bob’s C.Bob D.him

18.Let’s wish the food festival .

A.succeed B.success C.successful

19.This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.

A.Bob B.Smith C.Bob Smith

20.________mothers work in the same hospital.

A.Tim’s and Peter’s B.Tim’s and Peter C.Tim and Peter’s D.Tim and Peter 21.Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.

A.conditions B.situations C.events D.positions

22.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________.

A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced

23.There are some ________and ________ on the table.

A.potatoes; tea B.chicken; sweets C.tomatos; porks D.tomatos; milk 24.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride.

A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutes

C.fifteen minutes’D.fifteen-minutes

25.Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles.

A.tomato and egg B.tomato and eggs

C.tomatoes and eggs D.tomatoes and egg

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:事实上,她没有很多玩具。

考查动词和名词的复数。主语she是单数,在否定句中需要使用第三人称的助动词does,然后接动词原形“doesn’t have”。根据“many”判断后面用复数名词,玩具toy的复数需要加s 变成toys。故选C。

【点睛】

辅音字母加y结尾的名词,在变成复数形式时,需要将y变为i,再加es。例如factory变成factories。而toy中o是元音字母,所以名词toy的复数是规则变化,直接加s变成toys。2.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:许多野生动物正在消失,因为它们的生活区域正在消失。

考查词组辨析和名词。the number of…的数目,跟复数名词连用,作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数;lost失去,lose的过去式;a number of很多,相当

于 many,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;loss丧失、遗失,作名词。根据句中的关键词“are”,可知符合a number of的用法。所以第一个空格填a number of,进而正确答案只能从选项C和D中选择。根据第二个空格前的the,可知空格上要填一个名词或者相当于名词的词。选项C中的lose是动词,故排除选项C,故选D。

3.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你想买点什么?——是的,我想要一大袋大米。

A. a small bar of.. 一小块……;

B. a slice of一片……;

C. a large bag of…一大袋……;

D. a piece of…表示一片……。rice是大米,这里表示一大袋大米用a large bag of rice来表示。根据题意,故选C。

4.A

解析:A

【分析】

【详解】

句意:在离我的学校不远的地方有一个运动商店和两个鞋店。

sports 运动;shoes鞋,复数;shoe鞋,单数。sports shop运动商店,固定短语;shoe shop鞋店,shoe是名词做定语,故用单数形式,变复数时,只需要shop变复数,shoe不变。故选A。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:随着社会的发展,我们的环境变得越来越糟糕。因此我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境。

考查名词及非谓语动词。development发展,名词;develop发展,动词;protect保护。根据题干中“With the ________ of society”可知the后接名词,第一空用development;结合选项可知第二句含义“我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境”,“保护环境”是目的,此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。

6.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:西方国家的人们会在感恩节聚在一起吃火鸡,庆祝丰收,就像我们的中秋节一样。考查节日。Thanksgiving Day感恩节; Christmas Day圣诞节;National Day国庆节。根据文中“People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest”可知,这里是说“感恩节”。根据题意,故选A。

7.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你为什么这么早起床?——因为我家离科学博物馆很远。乘公共汽车要五十分钟。

考查名词作定语。根据句意可知,此处表达的是“五十分钟的车程”,所以应用所有格形式;“五十分钟”英文表达是fifty minutes,所以D选项符合题意,其它选项均形式错误,故答案选D。

8.C

解析:C

【分析】

【详解】

句意:一些德国人得知许多日本人在地震中失去了家园,便前往日本帮忙。

考查名词辨析。Germen形式错误,German的复数形式为Germans;Frenchmen法国人(Frenchman的复数);Germans德国人(German的复数);Japanese日本,日本人;Japaneses表述错误,Japanese单复同形。分析第一处可知,此处表示“某国人”,其前有Some修饰,所以用其复数形式,排除A;分析第二处可知,此处表示“日本人”,其前有many修饰,所以用其复数形式,又因为Japanese的复数形式也是Japanese。故选C。9.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——凯特,我下周要去广州动物园,因为我有一个三天的假期。——你的意思是你有三天不用上班?噢,太棒了!

考查复合形容词结构。 three-day是复合形容词做前置定语,用连字符连接,当作一个整体形容词,连接后不再加复数,修饰可数名词单数holiday;第二个空have+一段时间+off表示休息几天的假期,off是副词,不需要用连字符形式的形容词修饰,三天时间,three days,故选A。

10.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——汤姆喜欢足球。他能参加什么俱乐部?——他可以加入游泳俱乐部。

考查名词辨析。sport运动;单数; music音乐;sports运动,复数; swimming游泳。根据上文“Tom likes soccer.”可知下文是“加入体育俱乐部”。sport运动,作定语必须用复数。the sports club运动俱乐部。根据题意,故选C。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:你知道树下的那三个男生吗? 他们的妈妈都是我们学校的女老师。

考查复合名词复数变化规则。boy students男学生;women teachers女老师。以两个名词构成的复合名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外),一般把后面的名词变复数,所以第一空使用boy students;以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数,所以第二空使用women teachers。故选B。

12.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:——你认为它是好建议吗?——是的,它真的是一个有用的建议。

考查不定冠词。a一个,不定冠词,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,不定冠词,用在以元音音素开头的单词前,根据第一个空后面的advice是不可数名词,所以第一个空什么也不填,排除A和C,由第二个空suggestion是可数名词且useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a,排除D,故选B。

13.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我姐姐和我喜欢吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋作为晚餐。它们真的很好吃。

考查名词单复数。salad色拉;egg鸡蛋。分析句意,我和姐姐喜欢晚餐吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋。第一个空前是two,此处表示份数,所以用复数,第二个空前有some,此处表示完整的蛋,所以也用复数。故选B。

【点睛】

salad既可做物质名词又可做个体名词,当表示物质的时候是不可数的,但表示个体的时候是可数的。egg基本上完好的蛋,称的上可数名词,打碎掉或是蛋内物质,俚语之类,那么就是不可数名词。

14.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——这是谁的书桌?是那对双胞胎的吗?——是的,是莉兹和莉莉的。

考查名词所有格的用法。twins'双胞胎,表复数的所有格;twin's双胞胎中的一个,表单数的所有格。分析第一处可知,此处指双胞胎两个人,所以使用复数的所有格。Liz's and Lillie's莉兹的和莉莉的,表两人分别有的;Liz and Lillie's莉兹和莉莉的,表两人共有的。分析第二处可知,主语It指前文的单数名词desk,表两个人共有的。故选C。

【点睛】

表两者分别有和两者共有的区别:

A’s and B’s,表两者分别有的,例如:Lucy's and Lily's mothers are workers.

A and B’s,表两者共有的,例如:Lucy and Lily's mother is a worker.

15.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——让我们吃点沙拉吧。——不好意思,我不喜欢沙拉。

考查非谓语动词和代词。let sb do sth.让某人做某事,所以have是原形;下面的代词指代的是some salad一些沙拉,不可数名词,所以用it,故选C。

16.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——这是你的房间?——不,这不是我的房间,这是Sally的房间。

考查代词和名词所有格。my是形容词性物主代词,后需跟名词,而这里没有,所以用名词性物主代词mine,故B、C错误。根据this可知是一个房间,A选项中的Lily’s and Lucy’s

应该改为Lily and Lucy’s表示两人共有,故选D。

【点睛】

如果一样东西为几者所共有,则只需在最后一个人后面加’s;如果这样东西不是大家共有的,则需要在每个人后面加’s,而且此时名词需为复数。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——那个是你的书包吗?——不,不是。它是Bob的。

考查名词所有格。her她的;Bob’s鲍勃的;Bob鲍勃;him他;根据句意理解可知,这里指代的是“鲍勃的书包”,英语中表达“某人的……”时,要用所有格或者是物主代词,而这里Bob前面没有提到,所以应该用名词所有格的形式,故选B。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:让我们预祝美食节圆满成功。

考查wish的用法和词意。succeed成功,动词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词。句中的wish后接双宾语表示祝愿。即:wish sb. sth.因此后面应该用名词。故选B。19.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这是鲍勃·史密斯。他的姓是史密斯。

考查人名。Bob鲍勃,人名;Smith斯密斯,姓;Bob Smith鲍勃.斯密斯,全名。题目问的是last name,即问的是姓什么。英美人姓名的排列是名在前姓在后。所以Smith就是姓。

故选B。

20.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:吉姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈在同一家医院工作。

考查名词所有格。A. Tim’s and Peter’s 蒂姆的和皮特的,后面的名词所表示的物分别属于两个人的;B. Tim’s and Peter表达错误;C. Tim and Peter’s 蒂姆和皮特的,后面的名词所表示的物是属于两个人所共有的;D. Tim and Peter蒂姆和皮特,没有构成名词所有格。根据句意,空处表示“……的”,应用名词所有格,即在名词后加’s,故排除D项;若表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s;若表示各自所有,则需在各自名字后加’s,所以B项表达错误,故排除;而句子的名词mothers是复数形式,可知是蒂姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈,即名词是分别属于两个人的,故排除C项,故选A。

21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:在教室里学习英语是很重要的,但是在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能。

考查名词词义辨析。A. conditions条件,天气等状况;B. situations形势,情况;C. events 事件;D. positions位置;根据句意及选项可知,“在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能”,现实中多运用,选B更合适。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:他有二十多年的教学经历,我敢打赌他经验十足。

考查词义辨析。experience 经验,经历,词性是名词和动词;experienced 有经验的;根据题中he has 可知他是拥有什么,需要名词,故填名词experience;根据“he is quite...”可知需要形容词experienced作表语。故选B。

23.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:桌子上有些土豆和茶。

考查名词复数。根据题目中的some和are可知就近原则,紧接着单词是可数名词复数形式, B选项的chicken在这里是不可数名词,C和D选项中的tomato的复数形式是

tomatoes,这三个选项都错误;A选项potatoes和tea符合题意。故选A。

【点睛】

some 后一般接可数名词复数或者直接加不可数名词。例如上题中的some也可以加不可数名词,但由于There be就近原则,be动词就决定some后面只能加可数名词复数。因此,碰到这类题时一定要综合考虑。

24.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:——从这里到医院多远?——大约骑车十五分钟的路程。考查名词所有格的用法。修饰名词ride,可以用名词所有格fifteen minutes’或可作定语的fifteen-minute。故选C。

25.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:彼得想要一碗番茄炒蛋面。

考查名词的数。此处名词作定语修饰其后名词noodles,通常名词作定语时用单数,故选A。

【点睛】

通常名词作定语时,表示被修饰词的用途,该用作定语的名词用单数,表示复数时只变被修饰词为复数,如:an apple tree, two apple trees。只有被woman或man修饰时,变复数要前后都变,如:a man teacher, some men teachers。

初中英语名词知识点

名词的分类:名词分为专有名词和普通名词。 1、专有名词:个人,地方,机构等专有名称,如:China,Shanghai,Lilei等。专有名词的首字母通常要大写。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如:Jim吉姆China中国July七Friday星期五Christmas圣诞节English 英语 2、普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。 1)个体名词:某类人或东西中的个体,如fighter,gun,country,cup,desk,student等。一般可数,有单复数形式。 2)集体名词:若干个体组成的集合体,如family,team,police,class等。一般可数,有单复数形式 3)物质名词:无法分为个体的实物,如cotton,tea,air等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。 4)抽象名词:动作,状态,品质,感情等抽象概念。如health,happiness,love,work,life 等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。

名词的所有格: 1、's 所有格: 1)构成: A. 一般词尾+ 's.:the teacher's office, Xiao Li's sister's husband's mother. B. 以s 结尾的复数名词只+"' ": workers' rest room. C. 不以s结尾的复数名词加's: children's toys. D. 复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加's:my sister-in-law's brother. E. 表示共同所有的几个名词,只在最后一个词的后面加's:This is Tom, James and Dick's room. F. 表示各个所有关系的几个名词,在每个名词后分别加's: Jenny's, Jean's and Mary's rooms face to the south. G. 名词短语只在最后一个词后加's:a quarter of an hour's talk. 2)用法: A. 名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词,表示所属关系:Lei Feng's dairy. B. 用于表示时间的名词:today's paper. an hour's drive. Friday's work. C. 用于表示地理、国家、城市等名词:the country's plan. the farm's fruit. China's population. D. 用于表示由人组成的集体名词: our party's stand E. 用于表示度量、价值的名词: two dollars' worth of books. a pound's weight. 2、of所有格: 1)凡不能用's 属格的情况可用of 属格表示所属关系: the City of New York. a map of China.

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

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【初中英语】名词知识点题型 一、初中英语名词 1.—There are many _____ about this farm. —Yes, lots of _____ are planted on it. A. photo; potato B. photos; potatos C. photos; potatoes D. photoes; potatoes 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:—有许多关于这个农场的照片。—是的,许多的土豆种在农场上。many和lots of修饰可数名词复数,photo 的复数是photos,potato的复数是potatoes,故答案为C。 【点评】考查可数的复数形式。牢记名词的复数的变化规律和一些特殊的名词复数。2.(·鄂州)—The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive. —Don't worry. You can enjoy yourself. It's my _________. A. time B. treat C. task D. taste 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——餐馆里的菜一定非常贵。——别担心,你可以随便吃,我请客。It's my treat.我请客。故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析。 3.(?黔南州)—There are a lot of ______ of bike riding. —I agree. It's good for environment and it saves money. A. products B. advantages C. instruments D. instructions 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:-骑车有许多好处。-我同意,对环境有好处而且省钱。A. products产品;B. advantages优点,好处;C. instruments乐器;D. instructions说明。有利于环境及省钱是骑车的优点、好处,故选B。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,以及. products;advantages;instruments;instructions。四个词的词义和用法。 4.(·咸宁)—Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of anemisinin(青蒿素).—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science. A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——屠呦呦因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。——而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计;thought想法;invention发明;discovery发现。因为anemisinin(青蒿素).是原来就存在的,因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析,结合语境选择合适的词。

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