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牛津小学英语应掌握的重要知识点

牛津小学英语应掌握的重要知识点
牛津小学英语应掌握的重要知识点

①是情态句吗?情态助动词can should may must+动词原型You

may/can/should/must go home now.Would you please….?某人would like to do…

因为情态助动词would的束缚,like动词无法进行时态化。

②是祈使句吗?祈使句中动词使用原型

Do型—Don't forget me!Read the new magazine,please.Please don't laugh at him.Don’t climb trees again.Go and wash your hands.Watch/mind your head!注意上方/小心碰头Rember to turn off the light.Be型—Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子!Be quiet,please.请保持安静。Please be quick!请快些!Don't be late for school!上学不要迟到!Don’t be absent from the class meeting.不要缺席班会。

Let型—Let me go and look for it.Let him have a look at your new knives.Let's say good-bye here.Let's go running,shall we?Mr. Sun, let us carry the box,will you? (回忆let与us分或合写的区别)另外我们可以使用No+动名词或名词的结构,表示公共场所的禁止性标识—No smoking!禁止吸烟!No parking!禁止停车!No eating or drinking!禁止吃喝!No photos!请勿拍照!No littering!无乱扔杂物!如果排除情态句/祈使句,我们进入时态考虑范畴:

二定“时”—谓语动词发生的时间

①现在进行时:

表示并强调主语目前、现阶段正在做的事情:

提示用语:

look /listen/now/right now此刻;②一般将来时:

表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。提示用语:

Tomorrow the day after tomorrow后天tomorrow morning明天上午next year 明年one day某天sometime next week下个星期的某个时候from now on从现在起soon很快,不久③一般现在时:

表示现阶段主语发出的动作或状态;主语一直习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;现阶段或长

久以来,主语所具备的性格、能力、特征、状态;表示客观真理,客观存在,科学事实;提示用语:

everymorning /every afternoon/ every evening/every night每天上午/每天下午/每天晚上/每天夜里every day每天every month每个月every year每年on every Wednesday在每周三on every Thursady morning在每周四上午on Sundays and Saturdays在周日和周六(不止一个,所以s)at the weekends在周末④一般过去时:

表示在过去某个时间范围内主语发生的动作或状态;在过去时间范围内主语习惯性、经常性上last week上个星期last month上个月last term上个学期an hour ago一小时前a week ago 一星期前five days ago五天前many years ago很

多年前long long ago很久以前in+过去的年份in 2013在2013年When I was eight years old …当我8岁的时候…=When I was an eight-year-old boy…三定“态”—谓语动词所用的形态

①现在进行时:

be+动词ing,根据主语人称、单复数be这个助型动词做出is am are变化;Ving是真正动词②一般将来时:

will+动词原型shall+动词原型只给第一人称I/we用be going to+动词原型或名词③一般现在时:

一个时态两条主线中的单独be根据人称、单复数做出is am are变化即可;对于另一条主线实义动词而言,记忆:

一般现在时中三单肯定用“S型”;非三肯定用原型;三单否定疑问借用does;非三单否定疑问借用do ;does一出现动词“s型”还原。

④一般过去时:

一个时态两条主线中的单独be根据人称、单复数做出was were的变化即可;对于另一条主线实义动词而言,记忆:

一般过去时肯定句中动词使用ed;否定和问句借用did;did一出现ed要还原。

强调并再次提请各位同学注意:

在学习时态的早期阶段,一定要①先排除情态句、祈使句,而后再进行时态考虑;②紧随步骤,找出句中的时间状语提示或结合句意确定动词的时态;③写出动词对应时态的正确表现形式。这三步特别重要!严格照此步骤,只需很短时间,简单句中谓语动词的使用就可自然地顺利过关。

四,动词的变形

㈠现在分词或动名词的ing添加规则为:

①直接加ing。例:

doing, going, sing, working, looking, playing,walking, sweeping, cleaning, sleeping, eating, buying, cooking, jumping, copying, opening, drinking, eating, finding,studying, learning, ring, fishing,flying, helping, answering, catching, collecting,②去掉词尾不发音的e,再加ing例:

如果单词结尾的e发音,则不能去掉,也直接加ing。例:

see -seeing/agree –agreeing同意③对于重读闭音节词,双写末尾字母再加ing。例:

running,jogging, swimming,sitting,putting,shopping, beginning,getting,forgetting, stopping ④极少数特殊型,请用心记住,例:

lie – lying躺die –dying死tie – tying用绳子系

wash(washes) ,watch(watches) ,go(goes) ,do(does)

catch(catches) ,teach(teaches) ,brush(brushes) ,fix(fixes)修理③以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:

study(studies)fly(flies)carry(carries)★以―元音字母+y‖结尾,依然是直接加s:

stay(stays)play(plays)★特殊情况:

have(has)be(am is are)㈢动词在一般过去时中的“ed”型变化规则:

Be动词的变化为:

be→was ( am, is的过去时)或were—( are的过去时)实义动词的变化是:

①直接加ed:

work(worked) ,look(looked)②以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d:

like(liked), live (lived) ,hope(hoped) ,use(used)③以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i 加ed:

study(studied),carry(carried) ,worry(worried) , try(tried)④元音字母+y结尾,直接加ed:

play(played),stay(stayed)⑤以一个辅音字母结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed:

stop(stopped)plan(planned)计划⑥不规则变化:

be happy to do sth =be glad to do sth高兴做某事like doing sth喜欢做某事love doing sth喜爱做某事would like sth= want sth想要某物would like to do sth =like to do sth= want to do sth 想要做什么事help sb do sth =help sb with sth 帮助某人(做)某事be busy with sth= be busy doing sth忙于(做)某事show sb sth =show sth to sb给某人看某物show sb how to do sth 演示给某人看如何做某事buy sb sth =buy sth for sb为某人买某物forget to do sth忘记做某事rember to do sth记得做某事tell sb sth =tell sth to sb告诉某人某事get sb sth=get sth for sb带给某人某物(别处带来)take…w ith sb随身携带take sb sth=take sth to sb带给某人某物(带到别处)give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物teach sb sth=teach sth to sb交给某人做某事try to do sth努力/尽力做某事need to do sth需要做某事be ready for sth =be ready to do准备(做)某事do well in在…做得好=be good at擅长于

spend (time/ money) on sth 或spend (time/ money)(in)doing sth 在…上花…或做…★in 可以省略

1.go +动名词如:

go climbing go fishing去钓鱼go shopping去购物go swimming去游泳…

2.对数量提问:

How many +名词复数how many watches How much +不可数名词how much water 5.序数词前一定加the 如:

the first day the forty-fourth doll第44个洋娃娃★当序数词前有形容词性物主代词my second daught;当序数词修饰动词sing first;在固定搭配中:

first of all首先,不加the

6.出现重要时间节点,如在几点,在夜里,在正午用at—at 7 o’clock ;at a quarter to seven;at a quarter past nine;at half past ten;at night;at noon 出现重要时间节点―天‖在某一天或某一天的具体时间段用on ,如:

on Sunday;on Saturday morning;on Children's Day;on Teachers' Day 注意:

非一天而且必须是连续的节假日,使用介词at,如:

at Christmas在圣诞节;at Spring Festival在春节;直接在早上、下午或晚上用in,如:

in the morning动词后代词用宾格(动宾):

join us/ let me /help her

7.介词或动词后的人称代词用宾格:

go with her;look after him;find it;look for them;shout to us

8.it’s time to +动原,it’s time for +名词类★只能说time to go home,不能说time for home(地点副词)

9.形容词加名词(形名)如:

a beautiful girl an interesting story a busy day an open day

10.动词加副词(动副)如:

dance beautifully run fast jump high sit quietly listen to the teacher carefully

11.Some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句,只有疑问句是征求对方意见并希望得到肯定答复的时候,some不需要变any,如:

Would you like some orange juice?Can you get some fruit for me?

12.西洋乐器前加定冠词the,球类棋牌类前不加the如:

play the piano /the violin/the accordion;play

volleyball/basketball/baseball/football/table tennis;play chess下棋/ play cards打牌

13.介词后跟名词,给动词则转动名词how about doing/do well in doing/be good at doing /thank you for doing

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一、改写单词 1.单数变为复数 this(these) that(those)am/is(are) photo(photos)ship(ships) garden(gardens)foot(feet) tooth(teeth)family(families) hobby(hobbies)firefly(fireflies)butterfly(butterflies) dragonfly(dragonflies)country(countries) watch(watches) class(classes) box(boxes) Chinese(Chinese) people(people)child(children) knife(knives) 2.近义词 many(a lot of)(lots of)usually(often)(always)quick(fast)of course(sure) 3.反义词 wrong(right) cold(hot) different(same) come(go) here(there) up(dow n) stand(sit)fine(bad) good(bad) left(right)yes(no)ill(well) plus(minus) on(under) 4.同音词 Uu(you) Bb(bee) Ii(eye) Cc(see)(sea)Tt(tea)two(to)(too) their(th ere)four(for) by(buy) know(no)write(right) 5.现在分词 grow(growing)visit(visiting) keep(keeping) turn(turning)play(p laying)stay(staying) water(watering) touch(touching)travel(traveling) fight(fighting)collect(collecting) like(liking)take(taking) make(making) dance(dancing)have(having) write(writing)run(run ning)swim(swimming) jog(jogging) stop(stopping)shop(shopping)si t(sitting) put(putting) begin(beginning) 6.第三人称单数形式 look(looks) like(likes) run(runs) dance(dances)stay(stays) play(plays)b egin(begins) have(has) watch(watches) catch(catches) touch(touches) go(goes) do(does)study(studies) 7.完整形式

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牛津小学英语知识点.doc

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7.This is my mother. She is a nurse. I love my mother. 这是你的母亲。她是一名护士。我爱我的母亲 8.That is my father. He is a postman. I love my father. 那是我的父亲。他是一名邮递员。我爱我的父亲。 9.I love my teacher. I love my school. 我爱我的老师。我爱我的学校。 10.I use the bin every day. 我每天都使用垃圾箱。 11.I use my rubber every day. 我每天都使用我的橡皮。 12.I eat an apple every day. 我每天吃一只苹果。 13.I keep the desk clean! 我保持书桌干净! 14.Wash your hands. Keep your hands clean. 洗你的手。保持你的手干净。 15.Wash the apple. Keep it clean. 洗苹果。使它保持干净。 16.The building is tall. The bin is short. 大楼是高的。垃圾箱是矮的。 17.I like to play in the park. 我喜欢去公园玩。 18.Go to the door. Pick up the paper. Put it in the bin. 去门那里。捡起纸头。把它放进垃圾箱里。 19.Point to your grandmother. Say“I love you”. 指向你的祖母。说“我爱你”。 20.Point to your grandfather. Say “I love you”.

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