自考27036英语泛读三 自己整理

Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from this lesson

Unit 1 University and Their Function

elicit:引出，抽出acquisition: 取得，获得hamper: 阻碍consistent with: 与…一致temperate: 温和的assertion: 断言，主张in obedience to : 遵从

feeble: 虚弱的construe: 分析，解释impart: 给予，传授

1.It is often the case that the truth can be elicited through discussion.这是常有的事,真相可以通过

讨论引发。

2.The parents are amazed at the kid’s acquisition of self-control in the matter of fear. 父母对孩

子通过害怕的事情获得自控能力感到惊讶。

3. Like other branches of science, history is now encumbered and hampered by its own mass.像

其他科学分支一样，历史由于自身原因对现在产生了很多妨碍和阻碍。

4. This statement is not consistent with what the chairman has announced at the meeting.这个声

明和主席在会议上宣布的不一致。

5.If you had remained calm, the discussion might have been more temperate.如果你保持冷静,讨

论可能更像样。

6.He repeated his assertion that it was his father who has deserted the family.他重述他的声明是

他父亲抛弃了家庭。

7.The students should behave in obedience to the rules and regulations of the university.学生们

应该表现出服从大学的规章制度。

8.Grandmother has been getting feebler lately，and she is confined to her bed all the day.近来祖

母已经变得虚弱,她每天都紧闭在床上。

9. You may construe the statement of the politician in a number of different ways.你可以用很多不

同途径来解释政治家的声明。

10.Professor Smith excels at imparting basic skills in language to his students.史密斯教授擅长传

授语言的基本技能给他的学生。

Unit 2 Mother Tongue

evoke: 引起,唤起lengthy: 过长的For lack of: 因缺少…insular: 隔绝的，孤立的adopt: 收养belie: 掩饰，与…不符cash out: 现金支出

impeccable: 无瑕疵的,完美的override: 推翻;不顾behold: 看；注视

1.Her singing evoked warm acclamations.她的歌声唤起了热烈的欢呼。

2.We were all bored by the lengthy speech of the lecturer.我们都对讲师冗长的演讲感到厌烦。

3.For lack of money, the municipal government has to leave the construction of the bridge

unfinished.由于缺乏资金,市政府已经撤离了未完成的大桥建设。

4.He is an exceedingly insular man, so deeply private as to seem inaccessible to the scrutiny of

a novelist.他是一个非常孤僻的人,非常的私密以至于小说家也无法审视。

5.The hero was an orphan adopted by his uncle.这个英雄是由他的叔叔收养的孤儿

6.At first glance, life at the boarding school seemed to belie all the bad things I had heard about

it.乍看之下,在寄宿学校的生活似乎掩盖了所有我已经听说到的关于它的不好的事情。

7. Hard-pressed farmers are tempted to cash out by selling their valuable land.被紧逼的农民受诱

惑把他值钱的土地套现了。

8.Her impeccable pronunciation impressed everybody at the interview.她无可挑剔的发音在面试

时给所有人留下了深刻印象。

9.Budgetary concerns overrode all other considerations.预算问题压倒所有其他的考虑。

10.When we came to the top of the mountain, we beheld a beautiful vista before us.当我们来到山

顶,在我们面前我们看见一个美丽的远景。

Unit 3 The Problem of Happiness

contemplation: 沉思proceed to : 进行decidedly: 明确地vaguest: 模糊的presume: 假定sufficient: 足够的convince: 使确信，说服

eternal: 永恒的；不朽的confine: 界限；限制recede: 后退；减弱；归还

1.He sat there deep in contemplation on the question of the purpose of life.他坐在那里陷入了沉

思，在人生目的的问题上。

2. Having discussed this question, let us proceed to the next topic on the list.讨论过这个问题，让我

们继续名单上下一个主题。

3. There is decidedly a difference between the two philosophies of life.两个人生哲学间有明显的区

别。

4. I haven’t the vaguest idea of what they want. 对他们想要的东西我没有一点概念。

5. In Britain an accused man is presumed innocent until he is proved guilty.在英国一个被告人在被

证明有罪前假定为无罪。

6. In my opinion, $10 is sufficient for the expenses of our journey to Suzhou.在我看来，10美元足

够我们苏州之旅的费用。

7.From his tutor’s face glowing with satisfaction, undoubtedly you may know he has put

forward a convincing argument to successfully persuade us.从他的导师的脸上满意地发光,毫无疑问你可以知道他已经提出一个令人信服的论点成功说服我们。

8. Does the Christian religion promise eternal life? 基督教能许诺永恒的生命么？

9.Please confine your remarks to the subject we are debating.请把限制你对我们所讨论的话题的

留言。

10.As the tide recede, we were able to explore the rocky pods on the beach.因为潮水退去,我们可

以在海滩上探索岩石豆荚。

Unit 4 Remember the Farm

come by: 得到in conjunction with: 与…一起luminous: 发光的boil down: 煮浓send…down: 使…下降invite: 邀请thump: 重击

snug: 温暖的;舒适的fired: 引起stole over: 渐渐控制;渐渐弥漫

1. Was the money honestly come by? 钱能老老实实得到么？

2.The police worked in conjunction with the army.警察与军队一起工作

3.The sun is a luminous object because it is a source of light.太阳是一个发光的物体,因为它是一个

的光源

4.They boil down the syrup until it is very thick.他们把糖浆煮到很浓。

5.The good harvest sends the prices down.好的收成让价格降下来。

6.The sea down there looks so inviting.大海那里看起来很吸引人。

7.The speaker shouted and thumped the table.演讲者讲得大声并重重地拍了拍桌。

8.The nice room makes you feel as snug as a bug in a rug.精致的房间让你感到舒服得像地毯里的

甲虫。

9.Bob’s interest in astronomy was fired by the astronaut.鲍勃的天文学的兴趣是宇航员引起的。

10.Mist stole over the valley.雾悄悄地笼罩了山谷

Unit 5 Speaking of Pictures

sensational: 轰动的；耸人听闻的distended: 使…膨胀；使…扩张spectacular: 壮观的agony:苦恼;极大的痛苦morbidly: 病态的mangle: 被破坏superb: 极好的relentlessly: 无情的imminent: 迫近的billowing: 翻腾

1.Popular newspapers often offer a somewhat sensational view of the news.受欢迎的报纸通常提

供一个有点耸人听闻的新闻意见。

2.The balloon was distended because of filling of hydrogen.气球因为填充了氢气而膨胀。

3. The most explosive eruptions are essentially blasts of steam that create spectacular displays.大

爆炸在本质是蒸汽的爆炸并创造了惊人的表演。

4.The grandma has undergone the agony of the cruel war.奶奶经历了残酷的战争的痛苦

5.The abnormal man was morbidly fascinated by dead bodies.这个变态的人病态的痴迷于尸体

6.The car was mangled almost beyond recognition.车支离破碎的几乎认不出来了。

7.Alexander Pope, the superb poet of the 18th century, wrote largely in heroic couplet.亚历山

大·蒲柏,极好的诗人, 18世纪写了大部分的英雄偶句诗。

8.During World War II, German air force bombed England relentlessly.二战期间,德国空军无情

地轰炸英格兰

9.Many species of monkeys are imminent danger of extinction because of habitat loss.许多种类

的猴子是濒临灭绝的危险是因为栖息地的丧失。

10.A striking feature of the original prairie was the vast expanse of tall grass billowing in the

wind.原始草原的一个显著特点是广阔的高草在迎风招展

Unit 6 How Does a Poem Mean?

retarded: 弱智的haphazard: 偶然的has given rise to: 使发生；引起spate: 一阵foretaste: 预先体验coincided: 一致;符合errand: 使命;差事

stately: 庄严的;雄伟的stunning: 极好的engulfed: 吞噬

1.The child is physically and mentally retarded from malnutrition.孩子的体能和智力迟钝源于营

养不良

2. A definite plan of attack, with thorough study of an opponent’s moves, is generally better than

a haphazard strategy.一个明确的进攻计划,深入研究对手的动作,通常比一个随意的策略来得好

3.International support has given rise to a new optimism in the company.国际支持使公司产生了

一种乐观的态度

4.Police are investigating a spate of burglaries in this area.警方正在调查这一地区发生的大量盗窃

案

5.The recent factory closures and job losses are just a foretaste of the recession that is to come.

最近的工厂倒闭和失业只是经济衰退的一个警告。

6.If the heavy rain had coincided with high tide, serious flooding would have resulted.如果大雨

恰逢高潮,会导致严重的洪水

7.Tom has been sent on an errand to press for the payment of debt for the boss.汤姆已经被安排

了一个差事,督促老板支付债务。

8.The procession moved through the mountain village at a slow, stately pace.游行队伍穿过那个

山村按照一个缓慢的、庄严的节奏

9.The stunning natural beauty of Huangshan Mountain fascinates domestic and foreign visitors.

黄山绝色的自然风景吸引了国内外游客

10.The stormy sea engulfed the small motor sailboat.波涛汹涌的海浪吞没了小型电动机帆船

Unit 7 Women

obliged: 感激adept: 熟练；内行afflicted: 折磨;使痛苦perceived: 认为；感知succumbed: 屈服于assuage: 劝慰playing on: 利用perpetuate: 保持;使不朽conceivable: 可想象的vulnerable: 易受攻击的

1. We are much obliged to you for your help.我们非常感激你的帮助

2.She was adept at the fine art of irritating people.她擅长用艺术刺激人

3.In the rest of his life, he was afflicted with a conscience.在他的余生,他一直受良心的折磨

4.I perceived that I could not make her change her mind.我发觉我不能使她改变她的主意

5.He believed that she had succumbed to his charms.他相信她已经屈服于他的魅力

6.Constant reassurance could not assuage their fears.不断安慰并不能减轻他们的恐惧

7.Those demagogues are good at playing on the public opinion.那些煽动家擅长玩弄公众

8.The new library will perpetuate its founder great love of learning.新图书馆将延续其创始人对学

习无比的热爱

9.We tried every means conceivable to contact her.我们使用了各种能想到的办法去接触她

10.We are vulnerable both by water and land, without either fleet or army.我们的水陆没有舰队和

军队是容易受攻击的。

Unit 8 Welcome to Cyberia

implicit：隐含delirious：令人激动的lurking：隐藏repository：仓库scrolling：滚动obsession：痴迷pertaining to: relating to 与…有关

catchall：包含一切wade through：费力前进enlightened：开明的

1.Once an implicit idea becomes explicit, it is dead.一旦隐藏的意思被明确，它就没意义了。

2.The football fans were delirious with joy, when their favorite team beat all their rivals in the

finals.足球球迷欣喜若狂,当他们喜爱的球队在决赛击败所有对手

3.Antelopes’ acute senses of smell and hearing allow them to detect any lurking danger quickly.

羚羊的敏锐的嗅觉和听觉让他们能很快发现任何潜伏的危险。

4.Environmentalists plan to file a lawsuit to close a repository of nuclear wastes built near

Carlsbad, New Mexico.环保人士计划提出诉讼,要求关闭建立新墨西哥州卡尔斯巴德附近的核废物库。

5.The secretary was scrolling through her file with the mouse.秘书是通过鼠标滚动她的文件。

6.Moby Dick is singularly expressive, in its vivid portrayal of Captain Ahab’s obsession with

the great white whale, of an interpretation of life.白鲸拥有异常的表达力,它生动刻画了艾伯船长对大白鲸的痴迷,解读了生命

7.Statism implies the supremacy of the state in all matters pertaining to the lives of its subjects.

国家主义意味着国家在关于所有生活相关问题上至高无上的权力。

8.Spectroscopy is a catchall for a wide variety of techniques for studying the quantum structure

of matter in all its varied forms. 光谱学是一个包罗万象的为各种各样的技术来研究量子结构的物质的不同形式

9.Upon entering the cave, you will have to wade through shoulder deep water. You will be wet

during the entire tour.进入山洞,你将不得不克服深水费力前进。你将在整个旅途中被弄湿

10.These days she’s much more enlightened in her views on education.这些天她在教育观点上越

来越开明了。

Unit 9 Walden

imbibe：吸收attend to: apply itself to 致力induce ：导致cryptic：神秘的，含义模糊degenerate：恶化savagery：原始人at pains to：努力做soothe: comfortable 安抚intervene：干涉convoy：护送

1.Plants can imbibe as much as nourishment through their leaves as via their roots.通过他们的

叶子和根部植物可以尽可能多的吸收营养

2.Uncle Sam muttered that he had business to attend to.山姆大叔抱怨地说他有事情要处理

3.Hypnosis is produced essentially by inducing deep relaxation and focused concentration.催眠

诱导本质上使人深度放松和精神高度集中。

4.He found his boss’s utterances too cryptic and was at a loss as to what to do.他发现他的老板的

话语太模糊,不知该做什么

5.His health degenerates rapidly with the years.这几年他的健康迅速恶化

6.William Golding’s Lord of the Files tells of a group of schoolboys isolated on an island who

revert to savagery.威廉?戈尔丁的主文件的讲述一群男生孤立在一个岛上然后回归成原始人

7.Mary is at pains to point out that she isn’t like that.玛丽尽力指出,她不是那样的

8.Music has charms to soothe even a savage beast.音乐有魅力,甚至能够安抚一头野兽

9.Some sociologists insisted that the government should use its power to intervene in the

economy for the general welfare of all citizens.一些社会学家坚持认为政府应该使用其权力干预一般公民的经济福利。

10.During World War II, many oil tankers were convoyed by destroyers into the safe port.二战期

间,很多油轮被驱逐舰护送进入安全的港口

Unit 10 A Message to Intellectuals

banish: abolish 消除annihilation：灭绝，消失gruesome: terrible 可怕的inflict：承担apparatus：设备formidable：巨大的delusion：错觉compelling：强制的induce：导致indispensable：不可缺少的

1.We banished all our doubts and fears.我们消除了我们所有的怀疑和恐惧

2.The annihilation led to a severe labor shortage in the mines and on ranches.矿山和牧场的消失

导致了严重的劳工短缺

3.Sixteen prisoners had died before new security measures put an end to the gruesome practice.

十六个犯人死在新的安全措施前结束了可怕的实验

4.For the king’s sake the soldiers were willing to suffer all that could be inflicted upon them.由

于王的缘故士兵们甘于承受所有可以施加于他们的惩罚。

5.There is sports apparatus in the gym.体育馆里有体育器材

6.They faced formidable difficulties in their attempt to reach the mountain summit.在他们试图

登上山顶时他们面临着巨大的困难

7.He is under a delusion in this matter.他对这事痴心妄想

8.I felt a compelling need to explain my actions我觉得迫不得已地需要解释我的行为

9.Too much food induces sleepiness. 吃太多的食物引起嗜睡

10.She’s become quite indispensable to the company.她已成了公司里少不了的人

Unit 11 Thinking as a Hobby

mused：思考anguish：悲伤reel 眩晕mockery：嘲讽gregarious：社交的aspired to: desired 渴望，希求undeniable：不可否认的impediment: hindrance 障碍物revered: respect 尊敬rejoicing to: feel happy 陶醉

1.Einstein mused on how the funny toy bird operated.爱因斯坦沉思着如何操作有趣的玩具鸟

2.She cried in anguish of despair over her lost husband.她因为失去了丈夫而痛苦绝望的哭泣

3.Drinking too much liquor made her head reel.喝太多酒让她眩晕

4.In its mockery of the tales of knights and their ladies, Don Quixote is one of the best satires

ever written, though it is much more than satire.对骑士和他们的夫人故事的嘲讽,堂吉诃德是一个最好的讽刺,虽然它不仅仅是讽刺

5.This gentleman is sociable and gregarious: he does not like solitude.这位先生善于交际和社交，

他不喜欢孤独

6.The characters in his novel aspire to a wild life of freedom and fantasy.在他的小说中的人物渴

望一个充满自由和幻想的生活

7.It is an undeniable fact that ice is cold.这是一个不可否认的事实,冰是冷的

8.In a number of developing countries, war has been an additional impediment to progress.在许

多发展中国家,战争一直是一个额外的阻碍

9.Dante revered Virgil as his master and represented the ancient Roman poet as his guide in

Divine Comedy.但丁作为主人和受人尊敬的维吉尔代表古罗马诗人由于他在神曲中的引导。

10.The team rejoiced in the decisive goal in the final.团队感到喜悦因为在决赛中射出决定性的进球Unit 12 Does Human Nature Change?

aesthetic：审美的palatable：美味的come home to: become more clear 使…领会

be susceptible of: be subject to 容易…bear upon：对…产生影响premium：报酬innate: inborn 固有的extreme：最高的endow：赋予cumulative：积累的

1.Art is the imposing of a pattern on experience, and our aesthetic enjoyment is recognition of

the pattern.艺术是雄伟的经验模式,我们的审美喜好是识别的模式

2.Cooking changes foods physically or chemically so that they become more palatable and

more easily digested.烹饪使食物的物理和化学变化，使他们变得更可口，更容易消化

3.The full atrocity of what was happening came home to Sara after the tragic event.在悲惨事件

后,莎拉认识到完整的暴行

4.People with hepatitis type B virus are more susceptible to liver cancer.患有肝炎B型病毒的人

更容易得肝癌

5.Constant absence from class bears unfavorably upon his study.经常缺课使他不能适应他的学

业。

6.Work paid according to the amount done puts a premium on speed, not on quality.数量工作重

视速度而不是质量

7.Children do not give up their innate imagination, curiosity, and dreaminess easily.孩子从不停

止他们的天生的想象力、好奇心、容易多梦

8.Violence is reaching extreme levels in some of the films and TV plays.一些电影和电视剧暴力

达到了最大程度的水平

9.You cannot endow even the best machine with initiative. The jolliest steamroller will not plant

flowers.你不能赋予即使最好的机器自主性。比如压路机不会种花

10.An applied scientist often uses information recently gathered by other scientists as well as the

cumulative knowledge of pure sciences.一个应用科学家经常使用其他科学家最近收集的信息以及纯粹的科学知识的累积

Unit 13 The Business of a Biographer

mar: destroy 毁坏patently: obviously 明显的tempted：诱惑vexation: troubles 烦恼consistent：一致的visualize：使看得见trifle：被玩弄obliterated：逐步消除combed：搜查converse：谈话

1.The noise marred the peace of the night.噪音破坏了夜晚的和平

2.On the basis of the collected facts, we may come to a conclusion that he was patently lying.

根据收集到的事实,我们可以得出一个结论,他公然说谎

3.He was tempted into making a false step.他被引诱做了一件傻事

4.We common people were easily troubled by the little vexations of life.我们平民容易受到生活

的小烦恼而不安

5.The testimony was consistent with the known facts.口供与已知的事实相符合

6.I remember meeting the man two years ago but I can’t visualize him.我记得两年前见过这个人

但他的样子我想不起来了

7.It is wrong to trifle with the girl’s affections.玩弄女孩的感情是错误的

8.The sandstorm obliterated us footprints沙尘暴淹没我们的脚印

9.The police and the volunteers combed the forest for the missing puma from the zoo.警察和志

愿者们在森林里到处搜查从动物园消失的美洲狮

10.He is willing to converse with anyone about the quotations on the stock market.他愿意与任何

人交谈关于在股票市场上的行情

Unit 14 Man Against Darkness

undermined：破坏bleak: hopeless 无希望的suppressing: with hold 压制lull: coax 哄骗in conjunction with: together with 结合sham: fake 虚假nourish：滋养kindly：爽快地induce：导致halo：光圈

1.The President has accused two cabinet ministers of working secretly to undermine his position.

总统指责两个内阁部长的工作背地里破坏他的位置

2.The prospect of this firm will be very bleak indeed if they can’t devise new models of

products.这个公司的前景将会非常黯淡，如果他们不能设计出新型产品

3.I suppressed the urge to say what I really thought.我压抑着说真实想法的冲动

4.The minister’s statement was designed to lull the public into believing that the situation is

improving.部长的声明是为了平息公众去相信这种情况正在改善

5.There is a team of writers working in conjunction with each other on the book.这本书中有一

个团队互相合作

6.That jewellery looks sham to me.珠宝看起来假的

7.Most plants are nourished by water drawn up through their roots.大多数植物从根部从水分里吸

收营养。

8.To the professor’s disappointment, her students didn’t accept kindly criticism.教授感到失望,她

的学生不能爽快地接受批评

9.The ads induced me to buy a VCR.广告诱导我买一个录像机

10.In this photo, we positioned him in front of the light to produce a halo around his head.在这张

照片中,我们把他放在光线前面使得他头上产生一个光圈。

Unit 15 Fashions in Love

perceptible: recognizable 察觉unsurpassed：卓越的intractable：困难的vogue: fashion 时尚，流行recrudescence: reoccurrence 再发生amorous：多情的inchoate：萌芽阶段upbringing：教育petrified：僵硬的ludicrously：滑稽的

1.After quite a perceptible pause, during which he consulted his notes, the lecturer continued.

很明显的停顿后，他核对了自己的笔记，讲师继续。

2.When I seemed deserted by almost the whole world, you have fearlessly and manfully stood

by me, with unsurpassed deal and undiminished friendship.我似乎被整个世界遗弃,你勇敢地站在我旁边,无与伦比对待和不灭的友谊。

3.So seemingly intractable were the issues separating Egypt and Israel that the achievement of

peace was extraordinarily difficult.所以看似棘手的问题是分离埃及和以色列的和平是非常困难的4.Plaid suits stressing definite pattern and colors were a strong tailored and sports vogue.格子西

装强调明确的模式和颜色是一个强大的定制和运动时尚

5. A recrudescence of crime and of smuggling was given as the motives for this action.再度犯罪

和再度走私是这次行动的动机

6.The two men meet to tell each other the outcome of their amorous undertakings.两人见面告诉

对方他们多情的承诺

7. An inchoate offense is a completed crime in itself, even though a further contemplated

criminal act has not been completed.一个早期的犯罪是一个完整的犯罪本身，即使进一步考虑犯罪行为尚未完成

8.After a severe upbringing, she married a wealthy commander in Brazil’s merchant marines

when she was still a teenager.苛刻的教育使,她嫁给了一个富有的指挥官在巴西的商船当她还是一个青少年

9. When he possesses a medium, his lifeless, petrified arms and feet recall the maiming and

chaining of slavery.当他拥有一个媒介，他毫无生气的，僵化的手臂和脚的残废召回了奴隶制的回忆

10.

教育工作者必定所得报酬过低，但可笑的

Unit 16 English Manners

inexorable：不可阻挡的discern：辨认dote：溺爱antiquity：古人instinct：本能wont：习惯的reside in：属于stifle：扼杀consolidate：巩固confer：授予

1.The inexorable rise in enrollments at all school levels spotlighted the personnel problems in

education. 在所有的学校招生的崛起突出中学校水平聚焦在人才教育中存在的问题上

2.It was difficult to discern the road in the dark.在黑暗中很难分辨出道路

3.We saw photographs of the doting father with the baby on his knees.我们看到的照片上是溺爱

的父亲和他膝盖上的婴儿

4.Under Greek aw, all antiquities that are discovered in Greece belong to the government.在希

腊发现的所有的文物属于政府

5.Bob seems to have an instinct for knowing which products will sell.鲍勃似乎生来就知道哪些

产品将会出售

6.They spent much of the time reminiscing about the war, as old soldiers are wont to do.他们花

了大部分的时间追忆战争,正如老士兵的习惯

7.The power to fire employees resides in the Board of Directors.解雇雇员的权力属于董事会的董

事

8.We should not stifle new ideas. We should encourage them instead.我们不应该扼杀新思想，相

反我们应该鼓励他们

9.The success of their major product consolidated the firm’s position in the market.他们的主要

产品的成功巩固了公司在市场上的地位

10.An honorary doctorate was conferred on the Nobel Laureate by Nanjing University.一个荣誉

博士学位被南京大学授予诺贝尔奖得主

修辞手法Rhetorical：

1、Parallelism：排比

【英释】Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, clauses,sentence,part,etc.

【汉释】排比是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似，意思相关，语气一致的短语、句子等排列成串，形成一个整体，用来加强语势强调内容、加重感情的修辞方式。

【例句】①No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.

②In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

③Perch are inexpensive; cod are cheap; trout are abundant; but salmon are best.

2、Pun：双关

【英释】It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)

【汉释】双关是指用一个词在句子中的双重含义，借题发挥、作出多种解释、旁敲侧击、从而达到意想不到的幽默、滑稽等效果。它主要以相似的词形、词意和谐音等方式出现。【例句】①She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.

②An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.

③If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.

3、Antithesis：对比

【英释】It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis.

【汉释】用两个结构相似、意义相近或相反的词组或句子来表达相关、相近或相反意思的一种修辞方式叫对偶。

【例句】①Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore more.

②You are staying; I am going.

③Give me liberty, or give me death.

④Speech is silver; silence is golden.

4、Transferred Epithet：移位修饰法

【英释】An epithet is an adjective or descriptive phrase that serves to characterize somebody or something.A transferred epithet is one that is shifted from the noun it logically modifies to a word associated with that noun. When one says that he has had a busy day, one is using such a figure of speech. For it is the person,not the day, that is busy.[ It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.]

【汉释】移就是英语语言中常见的一种修辞格，它的基本特点是形容词的修饰对象发生转移，即形容词的修饰对象或移物于人，或移物于物。由于它新颖生动，简洁明快，无论是刻画人物还是写景抒情，都有很强的表现力，因而被广泛地运用。

【例句】①In his quiet laziness he suddenly remembered that strange word.

②The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.

③He said “Yes”to the question in an unthinking moment.

④The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were walking in the corridor.

5、A rhetorical question：修辞问句

【英释】A statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered.

【汉释】修辞性疑问句与单纯的疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的，而是以疑问为手段，取得修辞上的效果，其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定，而否定问句表示强烈的肯定，它的答案往往是不言而喻的。

【例句】①How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?

②Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?

6、Alliteration：头韵

【英释】It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.

【汉释】头韵蕴含了语言的音乐美和整齐美,使得语言声情交融、音义一体，具有很强的表现力和感染力。头韵(法)在一行诗或一组词中采用连续几个词相同首字母或声韵的技巧，形成悦耳的读音，最常见的押头韵的短语有：first and foremost（首先）、（with）might and main (尽全力地)、saints and sinners （圣人与罪人）、（in）weal and (or) woe（无论是福是祸）。头韵仅第一部分或第一部分辅音群的第一个音素相同。如果第一部分完全缺失，那就只能让主元音相同。头韵是加强行内节奏感的一种手段，是节奏式辅助因素。这也是英语追求形式美，音韵美的一个重要表现。

【例句】①He is my friend and foe .[敌友]

②He writes not for money, but purely a labour of love .[乐于做的事]

③Tom struggled with might and main to move the stone.[竭尽全力]

7、Understatement：淡化,含蓄的陈述

【英释】It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement.

【汉释】淡化是与夸张相对的一种修辞手法。它是指说话时不把情意全部表达出来或委婉的表达、保守（不充分）的陈述，这种表达方式通常有含蓄、耐人寻味之意。

【例句】①It took a few dollars to built this indoor swimming pool.

②“He is really strange，”his friends said when they heard he had di- vorced his pretty and loving wife.

8、Jargons：行话

9、Euphemism：委婉语

【英释】It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".

【汉释】婉辞法指用委婉、文雅的方法表达粗恶、避讳的话.。一般认为，凡是表示禁忌或敏感事物的含蓄、迂回或动听的言词，均在委婉语之列。

【例句】①He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下。

②His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽。

③Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. 邓小平于1997年去世。

10、Synecdoche：提喻法

【英释】It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part,etc.

【汉释】提喻是用部分代替全(整)体，或用全(整)体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。

【例句】①There are about 100 hands working in his factory.[部分代替整体]

他的厂里约有100名工人。

②It was reported that China won the volleyball match.[整体代替部分]

椐报载：在这次排球赛中，中国队赢了。

③He is the Newton of this century.[特殊代替一般]

他是本世纪的牛顿.

11、Analogy：类比

12、Parenthesis：插入法

13、Hyperbole：夸张

【英释】It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.

【汉释】夸张法是指为了达到强调或滑稽效果，而有意识的使用言过其实的词语的一种修辞手段。夸张法并不等于有失真实或不要事实，而是通过夸张把事物的本质更好地体现出来。夸张法既用在日常会话中，也用在文学作品中。

【例句】①I beg a thousand pardons.

②He almost died laughing.

③Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.

④When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.

14、Periphrasis：迂说

15、Oxymoron：矛盾修辞法

【英释】It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).

【汉释】矛盾修辞法是用两种不相调和或相反的特征形容一个事物，以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。

【例句】①No light, but rather darkness visible. 没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见。

②The state of this house is cheerless welcome.这个国家的这所房子是阴郁的欢迎。

③The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainess.

16、Allusion：暗喻

句义解释：italicized parts 斜线部分

Unit 1 University and Their Function

1、 It is no longer a burden on the memory: It is energizing as the poet of out dreams , and as

the architect of our purpose. 它不再是记忆的负担:它充满活力,犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人,能实现我们意图的建筑师。

A: If taught imaginatively, students will be able to associate a pure fact with various meaning, seeing a fact as an agent that can bring out our dreams in a poetic fashion and help arrange our purpose into orderly structure.如果教想象,学生将能够用各种方式联想一个纯粹的事实，把事实看做为一个可以

用时尚的诗歌描绘出我们的梦想和帮助安排我们的目的建立有序的结构的代理,。

2、It enable men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world , and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes. 想象可以通过暗示令人满意的目标来使人保持对生活的热情。

A: People with imagination will be able to form a new outlook which is different from that of people without imagination .Imagination is capable of preserving people’s enthusiasm for life because it can show people that life has many purposes which can be pleasing.人们用想象将能够形成一个新的前景,不同于那些没有想象力。想象力能够保护人们的对生活的热情,因为它可以展示给人们生活有许多使人愉悦的用途。

3、It requires that discipline of character which can say ―yes‖and ―no‖to other men , not by reason of blind obstinacy ,but with firmness derived from a conscious evaluation of relevant alternatives.同时,还要具有这样一种性格修养,即对别人的意见表示赞同或反对时,不是出于盲目的固执己见,而是理智地权衡各种可供选择的方案之后作出的果断抉择。

A :A firm character should be able to decide to say ―yes‖ or ―no‖ to other’s point of view after taking all relevant choices into careful consideration .Such a decision is not made out of unreasonable stubbornness.坚定的性格应该能够经过仔细考虑所有相关的选择决定说“是的”或“不”提出其他的观点。这样的决定不是不合理的固执。

4、The conduct of business now requires intellectual imagination of the same type as that which in former times has mainly passed into those other occupations . 现在的商业行为也离不开知识想象力，这样的想象力过去主要只在上述各行各业中才能找到。

A: In the past , intellectual imagination was required of professionals such as the priests the lawyers ,the statesmen ,the doctors , the men of science and arts as mentioned above in their work. Now business people should be able to apply this kind of imagination into their work ,too .在过去,知识的想象力是需要专业人士如律师,政治家的祭司,医生,他们的科学和艺术正如上面提到的在他们的工作。现在业务人员也应该能够在他们的工作中应用这种想象。

5、There is no reason why business men , and other professional men ,should not pick up their facts bit by bit as they want them for particular occasions. 排除了这种想象的重要性,从事商业或其它职业的人们就完全有理由依照各种场合的需要去就事论事了。

A: Imagination and facts are not mutually exclusive . People trained in imagination should be able to pick up facts when necessary.想象和事实并不是相互排斥的。人们训练在想象中应该能够捡起事实在必要的时候。

Unit 2 Mother Tongue

1、It has become our language of intimacy.这种英语已经成了我们的亲密语言

A : The kind of broken English my mother uses has been used in the family when me talk about our personal matters.这种蹩脚的英语我妈妈使用已经被用于家庭当我谈论我们个人生活用语时。

2、My mother’s expressive command of English belies how much she actually understands.我母亲富于表现力的英语运用掩盖了多少她真实的理解

A : My mother’s broken English often gives people an impression that she knows little , but in fact she understands a lot.我母亲的蹩脚的英语经常给人一个印象,她知道少,但事实上她了解很多。

3、Whereas, for me at least , the answers on English test were always a judgment call ,a matter of opinion and personal experience.而英语考试的答案却总是依靠个人判断，取决于个人观点和经历，至少对我来说是这样的。

A: In my opinion , a question in language tests should not have just one correct answer ; instead ,

it requires the examinees to make a judgment ,express an opinion and relate the question to their personal experience . In other words , a language question could have multiple answer.在我看来,语言测试问题不应该只有一个正确答案;相反,它要求考生根据个人经验做出判断,表达意见和相关问题。换句话说,语言的问题可能有多种答案。

4、I could not block out of my mind the images . 在我脑海中构成的景象就是挥之不去A: Although I knew the tests meant to use ―sunset is to night fall ‖ to imply a logical relationship rather than concrete images , I couldn’t help imagining beautiful pictures of sunset and nightfall.虽然我知道这个测试必须使用“日落是夜幕降临”意味着一个逻辑关系,而不是具体的图像,我不禁想象美丽的日落黄昏的图像。

5、I had succeeded where it counted . 我的目的达到了

A：I had succeeded in respects which I deemed important.我在我我认为重要的方面已经成功了。

Unit 3 The Problem of Happiness

1、This classification between material and spiritual pleasures is therefore confusing , unintelligible and untrue for me .物质和精神的愉悦的区分正是因此混淆,使我无法理解且不真实

A: I find the ideas of classifying pleasures as material and spiritual unclear, unexplainable and unfactual.我发现物质和精神愉悦的区分不清楚，,费解且不真实。

2、Such an end or purpose of life , consisting in its true enjoyment , is not so much a conscious purpose , as a natural attitude toward human life.这样一个生活目标或目的,在于真正享受,与其说是一种意识目的,不如说是人生的自然态度。

A: Such an end or purpose of life, represented in its true enjoyment, suggests less a conscious endeavor-endeavor to achieve than a free attitude –freedom to order one’s life.这样一个目标或目的的生活,表现在它真正的享受,建议更少地有意识的努力奋斗来实现比自由秩序的态度生活。

3、Philosophers who start out to solve the problem of the purpose of life beg the question by assuming that life must have a purpose.哲学家开始解决生活目的的问题来回避了假定人生必须要有一个目的。A: Philosophers who begin with the intention to work out the problem of the purpose of life fail to prove they are right by assuming that life must have a purpose.哲学家开始打算解决生活目的的问题但假设生活必须有一个目的无法证明他们是对的,。

4、Everything that we think God has in mind necessarily proceeds from our own mind.所有我们认为上帝考虑到的必要的已经在我们的意识中。

A: Everything we think God could think of inevitably results from our own thoughts.从我们自己的想法能想到一切我们认为上帝能想到的不可避免的结果。

5、Every man projects his own conceptions and his own scales of values.每个人表达了他自己的观念和自己的价值观尺度

A: Every man introduces his own thoughts and his own desirable criteria of values。每个人介绍自己的想法和自己的理想价值观。

Unit 4 Remember the Farm

1、Let bigots say what they will.让偏执狂去说吧。

A: Let those who blindly believe in their ideas just say what they want to say, I would just hold my own opinions.让那些盲目的相信他们的想法就说他们想说的,我只会保持我自己的意见。

2、For I have been there.因为我去过那里。

A: I once was at that age and had experienced that feeling just like that boy.我曾经在那个年龄经历过并跟那个男孩一样感受。

3、I know the taste of the watermelon which has been honestly come by, and I know the taste of the watermelon which has been acquired by art. Both taste good, but the experienced know which tastes best.我知道西瓜的味道来的正当,我知道艺术中获得的西瓜的味道。味道都不错,但有经验的知道哪个口味最佳。A: I know clearly of different flavors of watermelon gained through different channels, among which, the flavor of the watermelon obtained by stealing tops the list.我清楚知道通过不同渠道获得发西瓜的不同的口味,其中,偷来的西瓜的味道位列榜首。

4、I know the disposition of elderly people to select the specked apples for the children, and I once knew ways to beat the game.我知道老年人的性情会选择有斑点的苹果给孩子们吃,我知道过关的方法。

A: I understand the old people always want to feel the children and offer them apples with specks, so I once recognized their tricks and managed to get good apples.我知道老人们总是想感受孩子们,给他们有斑点的苹果,所以我曾经认出他们的技巧和设法拿到好的苹果。

5、How often I regretted that I was well enough to go.我真后悔我身体好转可以去。

A: I frequently felt sorry that I was so healthy that I had to go out to attend these risks on such a chilly and dismal morning and could not stay in any more.我经常感到很抱歉,我很健康,我不得不去参加冒险在这样一个寒冷而凄凉的早晨,不能呆在家里。

Unit 5 Speaking of Pictures

1、Assigning the agency of a human being in terror of imminent death to the status of sideshow act.指定一个人类在恐怖迫近的死亡状态的的代理。

A: Publishing pictures of human death makes a serious life-and-death scene look like a petty show.印刷人类死亡的图片使一个严重的生死场景看起来像一个小节目。

2、The Philadelphia Inquirer : ―Jaws and Towering Inferno are playing downtown; don’t t ake business away from people who pay good money to advertise in your own paper.‖他费城询问者:“大白鲨和高耸的地狱是市区玩,不要抢支付好钱在你纸上做广告人的生意。”

A: The angry reader thinks that the pictures about what is happening in downtown look like pictures from disgusting horror movies. This reader further warns that people will not pay to advertise in a newspaper that publishes such unpleasant pictures.愤怒的读者认为图片关于什么是发生在市中心看起来像恶心恐怖电影的图片。这个读者进一步警告说,人们不会花钱去做广告在报纸上发布这样的不愉快的图片。

3、Was publication of that (third) picture a bow to the same taste for the morbidly sensational that makes gold mines of disaster movies?作为的出版(第三)吸引了病态的耸人听闻的相同的品味的使灾难电影的金矿吗?

A: Producers of disaster movies make good money by making use of people’s unhealthy taste for horror. The publication of the third picture might be appealing to the same bad taste.灾难电影的制造者通过利用人们的不健康的恐怖品味赚钱。出版的第三幅画可能吸引相同的品味。

4、Printing pictures of corpses raises all sorts of problems about taste and titillation and sensationalism.印刷尸体的图片引发了各种各样的问题,品味和愉悦和哗众取宠。

A: Printing pictures of dead bodies makes people suspect that the publisher has taste or t hat the publisher is attempting to please the readers with cheap sensational matters.印刷尸体的图片让人猜想,出版商的品味问题或者出版商试图用廉价的耸人听闻的事情取悦读者。

5、Murder victims are almost never photographed; they are granted their privacy.谋杀受害者几乎从未拍到;他们被赋予了隐私权。

A: The corpses of the murdered are not photographed and printed in newspapers so as to protect the privacy of the victim.被谋杀的尸体不是拍照印刷在报纸上以保护受害者的隐私。

Unit 6 How Does a Poem Mean?

1、Any teaching of the poem by any other method owes the poem an apology.用其他方式的任何诗歌教学都欠这首诗一个道歉。

A: It is wrong to teach poetry in any way other than to teach students how to experience poetry.这是错误的教育除了教学生如何体验诗歌以外任何的方式。

2、He is giving it the Wigglesworth treatment.他是给它的处理。

A: The reader who only looks for important messages in a poem is treating the poem as doggerel, blind to what is poetic in poetry.读者只在诗中寻找重要信息，就像打油诗一样对待,而看不到诗歌中的诗意。3、Anything more than the truth would have seemed too weak.任何真相以外的都显得很脆弱。

A: Exaggeration or overstatement would weaken the poetic effect.夸张或大话会削弱诗意的效果。

4、He wrote them because, for the fun of it, he had got himself into trouble.他写他们, 是因为为了好玩,他就把自己陷入麻烦。

A: Those lines in the poem were the result of the poet’s interest in a complicated rhyme scheme which proved to be very different. To find enough rhyming words in English, the poet settled for those lines because he felt good enough about them.这些诗中的句子是由于诗人对复杂的押韵格式的兴趣这被证明是非常不同的。为了在英语中找到足够的押韵的词,诗人对这么多行已经满足了,因为他觉得对他们足够好。

5、As Frost himself once defined freedom, it consists of ―moving easy in business‖.弗罗斯特本人曾经对自由的定义一样,它包含了“在商业中自由移动”。

A: Robert Frost understands freedom as ―freedom of movement with limitation and restrains‖.罗伯特·弗罗斯特理解自由”行动的自由是有限制和约束的”

Unit 7 Women

1、To be officially free is by no means the same as being actually and psychologically free.官方地自由决不是事实上和心理上的自由

A: Although it is already recognized by the law that there should not remain racial discrimination, yet it does exist because the reality and social climate help to cultivate it.虽然它已经是法律认可,不应该保持种族歧视,但它确实存在,因为现实和社会的氛围有助于培养它。

2、Our business and governments are staffed quite largely by people whose aptitude for th

e work consists solely o

f their bein

g what is, by tradition, the right sex for it.我们的商业和政府主要由那些有工作资质的人组成，包含的他们单独的是什么,按照传统,为它的权利性。

A: Our business and government are mainly equipped with those who are employed, not because they are fit for the job, but simply because they are men.我们的商业和政府主要配备那些被录用,不是因为他们是否适合这个工作,但只是因为他们是男人。

3、That is the climate which the human animal cannot tolerate.这是人类的动物不能容忍的气氛。

A: Under the social pressure, the fear of being not attractive to the opposite sex is intolerable to human beings.在社会压力下,不吸引异性的恐惧对人类是无法忍受的。

4、So long as women remain persuaded it would be unnatural of them to want it.只要妇女仍然劝说它他们会更反常。

A: If only women are still convinced that it was abnormal for them to want the equal treatment.只要妇女仍然确信他们想要的平等对待是反常的。

5、We are betraying civilization itself if we do not set both sexes free to make a free choice.我们是背叛文明本身如果我们不设男女自由做出自由选择。

A: So long as both sexes cannot make their free choices according to their own mind, we are going away from civilization.根据自己的思想只要男女不能让他们自由的选择,我们就是远离文明。

Unit 8 Welcome to Cyberia

1、As surely as the Department of Defense started this whole thing, A T&T or Ted Turner is going to end up running it.无疑是国防部开始这整件事,AT&T和特德·特纳将结束它。

A: We know for a fact that the Department of Defense started the Internet. We are also sure that some business companies will ultimately take over the management of the Internet.我们知道事实上国防部开始互联网。我们也确信一些商业公司最终将接管互联网的管理。

2、Exercising choice is J.Individual’s God-given right as an American.行使选择权是J。作为一个美国人天赋的权利。

A: As an American citizen, J.Individual has the inalienable right to make a choice, to decide for himself or herself.作为一个美国公民,J。个人拥有不可剥夺的权利做出选择,决定是为他还是她。

3、The“shelf life”of a given post is no more than four weeks.“保质期”的一个给定的帖子是不超过4周。A: A certain post will be kept in the forum for no more than four weeks on average and then it will be deleted.一个特定的帖子将被保存在该论坛平均不超过4周然后它将被删除。

4、which obviously has a number of intellectually negative implications.这显然有很多智力上的负面影响。

A: The short length makes it almost impossible for the post to have meaningful contents.短处使得它的帖子几乎不可能有有意义的内容。

5、J. Individual has settled into an electronic suburb. .个人已适应了电子郊区。

A: J. Individual soon settled down in a discussion forum that attracts fairly well-to-do peo ple just like him and will not venture on the Internet any further.j .个人很快安定下来在一个讨论论坛,吸引了相当富裕的人们就跟他一样,不会冒险在互联网上更进一步的。

Unit 9 Walden

1、That is a high speed at which to hols a philosopher in one’s mind, but in this century we are a nimble bunch.这是一个高速度,霍尔斯一个哲学家思考的,但在这个世纪的我们是一个灵活的群体。A: Driving at a high speed is not a good occasion for philosophic thinking and meditation, but in 20th century we have to be accustomed to thinking while moving fast in driving or in our daily life.高速驾驶不是一个好时机对于哲学思想和冥想来说,但在20世纪我们必须习惯于思考驾驶时快速的移动或在我们的日常生活中。

2、The account which you left of your sojourn there is, you will be amused to learn, a document of increasing pertinence; each year it seems to gain a little headway, as the world losses ground这个账户你离开你的逗留的地方,你将开心学习,增加针对性档案;每年它似乎得到一个小的进展,就像世界失去地面。

A: Dear Mr. Thoreau, you would find it interesting if I tell you that your Walden has be come an increasingly important book. In this spiritually declining world, your book is bec oming more and more important each year.亲爱的,梭罗,你会发现它有趣的如果我告诉你,你的《瓦尔登湖》已经成为一个越来越重要的书。在这个精神不断下降的世界,你的书是每一年越来越重要的。

3、its intestinal yearning(for the other side of the road) forever squashed.其肠向往(路的另一侧)永远压扁。

A: The turtle’s desire to reach the other side of the road was spoiled when the cars ran over it and squashed its intestines.乌龟想到达马路的另一边结果支离破碎了，汽车跑过去时,压扁了肠子。

4、Trailer people leave the city, as you did, to discover solitude and in any weather, at an

y hour of the day or night, to improve the nick of time; but they soon collect in villages and get bogged deeper in the mud than ever.拖车的人离开这座城市,跟你一样,发现孤独和在任何天气,在一天中的任何时间或晚上,改善致命一刻;但他们很快收集在村庄并在泥土中越陷越深。

A: People follow your suit and drive their trailers to the countryside in order to be alone, to flee from the busy and crowed cities, but they soon gather together in the villages and get lost in the gathering crowd who are all busy with finding their solitude.人们跟随你适应并驱动他们的拖车到乡下为了独处,逃离繁忙和拥挤的城市,但他们很快就聚集在村庄和迷失在都忙着找他们的孤独的聚集的人群中。

5、they reveal a meanness and grossness in my nature which you would find contemptible 它们展现了我天性的卑鄙和粗野,你会发现可鄙的

A: E.B. White had to buy shoes and pay for the hotel room and food. Thoreau would probably consider it petty and vulgar to spend money on such unnecessary items and thus would probably look down upon the author. E.B.怀特不得不买鞋子和支付酒店房间和食物。梭罗可能会考虑它琐碎、庸俗,把钱花在这样的不必要的物品,因此可能会看不起作者。

。

Unit 10 A Message to Intellectuals

1、Apply reason and produce to the solution of man’s problems instead of yielding to atavist and passions.申请原因和产生解决人的问题,而不是屈服于显隔代遗传物和激情。

A: To solve issues of man with reason and caution and try to avoid responding to them i mpulsively.理智和谨慎解决人们的问题，尽量避免冲动地回应他们。

2、No doubt, the antagonism of economic interests within and among nations is largely responsible to a great extent for the dangerous and threatening condition in the world today.毫无疑问, 在今天的世界经济利益的对立中内部和国家之间是在很大程度上对危险和威胁条件的主要因素。

A: Undoubtedly, the hostility caused by competition of economic interests among nations inflicts the tense perilous state on the world today.毫无疑问,引起的敌意的国家之间竞争的经济利益造成在今天的世界紧张的危险状态。

3、But in relations among separate states complete anarchy still prevails.但在独立国家之间完全无政府主义的关系仍然盛行。

A: However, complete anarchy is still popular among state’s relations.然而,完整的无政府状态在国家关系中仍然是受欢迎的。

4、The state has thus become a modern idol whose suggestive power few men are able escape.国家也因此成为现代偶像的暗示力量很少有男人能够逃脱

A: Under the influence of education on the possibilities of war, not only the mentality of the young, but also the mentality of the adults, falls into the trap of suggestive power of the state.教育的影响下的战争的可能性,不仅心态年轻的,但也有成年人的心态,落入了暗示力量的国家的陷阱。

5、Clichés of yesterday will no longer do today, and will, no doubt, be hopelessly out of date tomorrow.陈词滥调昨天将不再做今天,和,毫无疑问,是无可救药的过时的明天。

A: People will abandon those overused ideas of the old days in the future.人们会放弃那些在未来的时光的过度的想法。

Unit 11 Thinking as a Hobby

1、Like someone born deaf, but bitterly determined to find out about sound ，I wanted my teaches to find out about thought.像那些生来耳聋,但决意苦苦寻求声音，我希望我教会他们要了解思想。

A: Those who are born deaf never hear any sound, so it is impossible for them to find out about

sound no matter how hard they try. In much the same way, it was impossible for me to find out what thought was really like by observing my touched ways of thinking for they never taught me how think.那些天生耳聋从来没有听到任何声音,所以他们不可能找出声音无论他们多努力。同样的道理,我不可能通过观察我触摸到的来找出我从不知道的想法

2、Mr. Houghton thought with his neck.豪顿先生用他的脖子思考。

A: When Mr. Houghton wanted to express an opinion, his neck would bulge. In other words, the author did not think that Mr. Houghton was capable of thought because his building neck indicated an obstinate passion rather than logical thinking.当豪顿先生想表达一个观点,他的脖子会膨胀。换句话说,作者并不认为豪顿先生能有想法,因为他的建筑的脖子表示一个顽固的激情而非逻辑思维。

3、As most businessmen’s golf, as honest as most politician’s intentions or-to come near my own preoccupation-as coherent as most books that get written.像大多数商人玩高尔夫,诚实如同政客的意图,或者最接近我自己的关注作为相干作为大多数写出来的书。

A: It (thought) is neither proficient, nor honest, nor coherent.它(思想)既不精通,也不诚实,也不连贯。

4、To find out the deficiencies of our elders bolsters the young ego but does not make for personal security.要找出比我们年长的人的缺陷助长了年轻的自我,却无法让人觉得安全。

A: Finding out the weaken of our teachers, we young people really feel excited and confident about ourselves, but such a sense of self-importance is very dangerous for the young people in the future.找出了削弱我们的老师,我们年轻人真的感到兴奋,对自己有信心,但这样一个意义上的自负是非常危险的,在未来的年轻人

5、Young men, while willing to concede the chaining sordidness of marriage, were hesitant about abandoning the organizations which they hoped would give them a career.小伙子一方面愿意承认的婚姻,链接的卑鄙是犹豫放弃组织,他们希望给他们提供一份事业。

A: Young men were willing to admit that marriage had many problem, but they were reluctant to admit that organization such as the government or the army were bad insitutions, too, because they still expected to find jobs in such organizations.年轻的男人愿意承认的婚姻有很多问题,但是他们不愿意承认组织如政府或军队被坏机构中离开,也因为他们仍有望找到工作在这样的组织。

Unit 12 Does Human Nature Change?

1、Recognition of the fact that there are some tendencies so integral a part of human mature that the latter would not be human nature if they changed.认识到一个事实,有些倾向所以积分部分人类成熟,后者不会是人类的天性,如果他们改变了。

A: We should be well aware that there are some particular predispositions which are essential in human nature and will remain unchanged. If such predispositions change, human nature will no longer be complete.我们应该清楚地意识到,有一些特定的倾向性是必需在人性和将保持不变。如果这种倾向性变化,人性将不再是完整的。

2、According to him it was not simply the desire to be a master that was engrained in h uman nature. There were persons who were born with such an inherently slavish nature th at it did violence to human nature to set them free.根据他那不单是渴望成为大师,是人性中根深蒂固的。还有人出生,与这样一个天生奴性的性质,它确实暴力人性会释放他们。

A: According to Aristotle, slavery existed because some people were born with the desire to be slave master and other people were born with the desire to be slaves. Both the desires to be masters and to be slaves were human nature. Setting the slaves free would damage such human nature.根据亚里士多德,奴隶制的存在,因为一些人出生就是渴望被奴隶主人和其他人们生来就是奴隶的欲望。欲望都

是大师和被奴隶人性。设置奴隶自由会破坏这样的人性。

3、The time may be far off when will cease to fulfill their need for combat by destroying each other and when they will manifest it in common and combined efforts against the forces that are enemies of all men equally.时间可能是远离当将停止履行需要战斗,摧毁对方,当他们将展现它在普通和共同努力的力量,是敌人的男性同样。

A: It might be impossible for men to stop killing each other and united in their efforts against forces that threaten all human beings.它可能是,人类无法停止互相残杀和一致努力的反抗力量,威胁到全人类。

4、Hence the ultimate failure of pacifist appeals to the kindly elements of native human nature when they are separated from intelligent consideration of the social and economic forces at work.因此最终的失败对和平充满了和善的元素的本地人性当他们脱离智能考虑社会和经济力量在起作用。

A: Pacifists are doomed to failure if they rely on the good parts of human nature for world peace without considering the social and economic forces that will influence human nature.和平主义者都是注定要失败的,如果他们依赖的有利部分人性为世界和平而不考虑社会和经济因素,将影响人类的本性。

5、Whatever represses and distorts the processes of education that might bring about a change in human dispositions with, the minimum of waste puts a premium upon the forces that bring society to a state of deadlock, and there by encourages the use of violence as a means of social change.无论压抑和扭曲了教育的过程可能带来的变化,在人的性情,最小的浪费将溢价在部队,带来社会的状态,和那里的僵局鼓励使用暴力作为一种社会变革。

A: Education might be able to produce a change in human nature with the least waste, y et some forces might repress and distort such an education process. Such disruptive forces would stop social development and encourage the use of violence as a means of social c hange.教育可以改变人性产生最少的浪费,然而一些部队可能压制和歪曲这样一个教育过程。这种破坏性的力量会阻止社会发展和鼓励使用暴力作为一种社会变革。

Unit 13 The Business of a Biographer

1、I was aware it would be due not alone to the manner of presentation but to the manner of research.我知道这将是由于没有单独介绍的方式但方式的研究。

A: I realized it would be up to not only the way to express the facts, but also the way to dig into them.我意识到这将不仅表现在事实,但也要深入挖掘他们的方式。

2、This copying in libraries, this eventful choice of incident is half the biographical battle, perhaps more than half.这个复制在库,这事关重大的选择的事件是一半的传记的战斗,或许超过一半。

A: Half of the success of a biographer depends on the laborious copy of the original materials and the resultant choice among those incidents that happened.一半的传记作家的成功取决于费力的原始拷贝材料和合成的选择在那些事件发生。

3、I aim not to startle with new material but to persuade with old, and I shall use a narrative from because for me it is the most persuasive.我的目标是为了不吓着新的内容,但说服老,我将使用一个叙事因为对我来说,这是来自最具说服力的。

A: I intend not to shock others with new material, but to convince others with old materi als. Thus for me, a narrative form will best help me achieve a convincing effect.我意愿不冲击其他新材料,而是说服别人用旧材料。因此对我来说,一个叙事形式将最好地帮助我达到逼真的效果。

4、Whatever, did not stand as illustration of Adams’s character or Adams’s part in forming the American states, must be thrown out.不管,不站作为插图的亚当斯的字符或亚当斯的参与形成美国,必须丢弃。A: Those plots that could not well exemplify Adams’s personality or Adams’s role in for

ming the USA must be discarded.这些情节,可能没有很好的例证亚当斯的个性或亚当斯的作用,形成美国必须被丢弃。

5、Academic historians, accustomed to write only in the critical form, are slow to recognize the difficulties of the straight narrative method.学术的历史学家,习惯于写只有在关键的形式,是很难意识到困难笔直的叙事方法。

Unit 14 Man Against Darkness

1、The religious basis of our ideals has been undermined, and the superstructure of ideals is plainly tottering.我们的理想的宗教基础已经被破坏了,上层建筑的理想显然是摇摇欲坠。

A: Since people are getting skeptical of religious, they could no longer comfortably pursuer their ideal life according to religion doctrines. The ideologies and social institutions is losing its foundation and hence is about to collapse.由于人们越来越怀疑宗教,他们不再能够舒服地追求者他们理想的生活根据宗教教义。的意识形态和社会制度正在丧失其基础和因此即将崩溃。

2、They have that kind of unconscious dishonesty which consists in lulling oneself with opiates and dreams.他们有那种无意识的不诚实,欺骗自己是用鸦片和梦想。

A: Those people (who wish to bring back Christian doctrines) are losing contact with the true universe devoid of anything spiritual. They are therefore dishonest in the sense that their beliefis out of touch with the reality, but they are not consciously dishonest because they do not realize the disconnection. To such people, Christian doctrines, or any religious doctrines for that matter, function like pain killers or halluctionating drugs that will give them temporary comfort in this dismal world.那些人(谁想带回基督教教义)正在失去接触真正的宇宙没有什么精神。因此它们是不诚实的,在这个意义上,他们的beliefis脱离的现实,但他们不是有意识地不诚实的,因为他们没有意识到断开。这样的人,基督教的教义,或任何宗教学说对于这个问题,函数如止痛药或halluctionating药物,会给他们暂时安慰在这个阴暗的世界。

3、Yet we stand on the brink, dreading the icy plunge.然而,我们站在悬崖的边缘,害怕冰冷的暴跌。

A: We know that the universe is non-spiritual and indifferent, but we are afraid to accept such a fact. Literally it means we stands at the edge of the waters and dare not jump into it for fear of the cold. Here it is a metaphor with the water referring to the nonspiritual universe and the plunge referring to the act of facing the truth.我们知道,宇宙是无精神和冷漠,但是我们不敢接受这样一个事实。字面上的意思是我们站在水的边缘,不敢跳进去,因为怕冷。这是一个隐喻与水指的是宇宙和非灵性的冒险行为指的是面对真相。

4、Or think of the vast amount of human happiness which is derived from the illusion of supposing that if some nonsense syllable, such as “sir”or “count”or “lord”is pronounced in conjunction with our names, we belong to a superior order of people.认为大量的人类幸福来源于错觉的以为如果一些无意义音节,如“先生”或“计数”或“主”是明显的结合我们的名字,我们属于一个优越的秩序的人。

A: If people call us “sir” or “count” or “lord,” we feel very happy and very important. The happiness and sense of importance, however, are mere illusions. Because such words do not have inherent noble meanings.如果人们叫我们“先生”或“计数”或“主啊,“我们感到非常高兴和非常重要的。快乐和意义的重要性,然而,仅仅是幻想。因为这样的话并非与生俱来的高贵的含义。

5、To be genuinely civilized means to be able to walk straightly and to live honorably without the props and crutches of one or another of the childish dreams which have so far supported men.是真正的文明意味着能够行走直,生活体面地没有道具和拐杖一个或另一个幼稚的梦想,到目前为止支持男人。

A: So far we need the spiritual comfort of religion of one kind or another. Only when w e can live without the help of such religious comfort can we say we are truly civilized.到目前为止,我们需要精神安慰宗教的一种或另一种。只有当我们生活中可以没有宗教安慰的帮助我们能说这样我们是真正的文明。

自考英语阅读理解模拟题及答案

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