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1.1 Chapter 4 Numbers 教案(牛津沈阳版八年级上)

1.1 Chapter 4 Numbers 教案(牛津沈阳版八年级上)
1.1 Chapter 4 Numbers 教案(牛津沈阳版八年级上)

Chapter Four

【本讲教育信息】

一. 教学内容:

Chapter Four: language and speaking

二. 重点、难点

1. 祈使句(Imperative Sentence)

定义:祈使句是用来表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止的句子。祈使句最常用于表达请求、命令。

(1)祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为动词原形,句末则使用句号来表示结束。如:

Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。(表命令)

Be quiet, please. (Please be quiet.) 请安静。(表请求)

(2)肯定结构:

①Do型(即:动词原形+宾语+其他成分)。如:

Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可以省略。如:

This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。

②Be型(即:Be+表语+其他成分)。如:

Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

③Let型(即:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分)。如:

Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

(3)否定结构:

①Do 型和Be型的否定式都在句首加don’t构成。如:

Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我!

Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!

②Let型的否定式有两种:

“Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分”如:Don’t let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。

③有些祈使句可用no开头,用来表示禁止。如:

No smoking! 禁止吸烟!

No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

(4)“Let”开头的祈使句

由“Let”开头的祈使句是个常见的动词句型,它的主要用法有下列三种:

①表示“建议”。

在此句型里,let后面要跟第一人称的代词宾格形式。如:

Let me try.

该句型语气委婉,比Don’t开头的祈使句客气。试比较:

Don’t disturb him.Let’s not disturb him.

②表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。

在此句型中,let后面要跟第三人称代词宾格形式或名词。如:

Just let her try! 就让她试试吧!

Let each man decide for himself. 让每个人自己决定吧!

(5)使用“let”的祈使句时,必须注意以下几点:

①“let”的否定式有两种形式:“Don’t let …”和“Let … not”。

如果宾语是第三人称用“Don’t let …”;如果宾语是第一人称,则用“Let…not”。如:Don’t let this type of things happe n again.

It’s raining now. Let’s not go out until after the rain.

②“Let”适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态。如:

Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.

Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.

③“Let”后面跟不带“to”的不定式,还可以是某些副词:out,in,down,alone等。如:

Let the puppy out.

Open the windows and let the fresh air in.

The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.

Let me alone, please.

④用“Let’s”时把谈话者的对象包括在内;用“let us”时,并不包括对方。如:

Let’s try it, shall we?

Let us do it by ourselves, will you?

2. David, pay attention. 大卫,请注意。

pay attention to 注意……

pay attention to your pronunciation. 请注意你的发音。

数词概述:

数词是表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。

数词的种类:基数词和序数词。

1. 基数词的构成

1-12 单独记:one, two, three , four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve

13-19词尾为-teen. e.g: thirteen, fourteen, fifteen

20, 30, 40逢十词尾为ty, twenty, thirty, forty

21-99在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成。Eg: 73 seventy-three , 88 eighty-eight

101-999光说几百,再加and,再加末尾两位数。

Eg: 178 one hundred and seventy-eight

238 two hundred and thirty-eight

1000 以上的数词,先从后向前数,每三位用一逗号隔开

第一个逗号表示thousand(千),第二逗号表示million(百万),第三个逗号表示billion(十亿),然后一节一节用几百几十几的方法。

Eg: 1004 one thousand and four

147258 one hundred and forty-seven thousand , two hundred and fifty-eight

18657421 eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand , four hundred and twenty-one

注意:在这类数词中hundred, thousand, million, billion等词一般都用单数形式。

序数词的记忆口诀:

一,二,三要单独记,

One-first, two-second, three-third

th 要从四加起, fourth, sixth,

eight , 少个t, eighth

nine 去掉e, nine-ninth

v 要用f来代替

five-fifth, twelve-twelfth

ty就成tie, twenty-twentieth

若问“几十几”或“几百几”,

只变个位记心里,

twenty-one—twenty-first

重点句子:

1. Please have a seat.请坐。sit (v.) 动词,意思是坐,seat(n.)意思是座位。

2. pay attention 注意

3. add 3 and 9 ( 3 +9)

4. subtract 3 from 9 (9-3)

5. multiply 3 by 9 ( 3 ×9)

6. divide 9 by 3 ( 9÷3)

7. 3 plus 9 equals/is 12 ( 3+9=12)

8. 9 minus 3 equals/ is 6 (9-3=6)

9. 3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 27( 3×9=27)

10. 9 divided by 3 equals /is 3( 9÷3=3)

重点习题:

1. This is a meeting of the world’s most ______ ( power, powerful) countries.

2. I played tennis five ______ ( times, time) last week.

3. The ______ ( alive , living) things can’t live without air or water.

4. The Chinese ______ ( invented, invention ) the compass.

5. 13 is an ______ ( odd, even) number.

6. He was ______ ( amusing, amused) to hear the news.

7. ______ higher, and you will see the house.

A If you stand B. To stand C. When you stand D. stand

8. ______ forget to wire to me when you _____ get there next Tuesday.

A. Don’t, will

B. Please, will

C. Please,/

D. Don’t,/

9. Could you tell me _____ to do next? Nothing more. Let’s have a rest.

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. how

10. Tell the boys _____ in the classroom.

A. don’t make a noise

B. not to make noise

C. not to make a noise

D. not make a noise

11. Let’s ______ our time.

A. not waste

B. no wasting

C. not to waste

D. no waste

12. _______ rude to your classmates.

A. Don’t be

B. Isn’t

C. Be not

D. Aren’t

13. How many people are there? About _______.

A. five hundred

B. five hundreds

C. hundreds

D. hundreds of

14. Usually children have ______ holiday in summer.

A. an 8-week

B. a 8-week

C. an 8-weeks

D. a 8-weeks

15. This room is ______ than that one.

A. two time bigger more

B. twice bigger

C. two time bigger

D. two times more bigger

16. When were you born? I was born ______.

A. in Oct.8,1990

B. in 1990, Oct.8

C. on Oct.8, 1990

D. on 1990, Oct.8

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