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专四倒装句

倒装句

1．全部倒装：将整个谓语部分全部放在主语之前

全部倒装

(1)以介词开头的地点状语置于句首。

e.g. 1. From the window came sound of music.

2. On the ground lies a man whose leg is broken.

3. By his side sat his faithful dog.

(2)副词out, in, along, then, now, up, down, away, here,

there 等位于句首。

e.g. 1. Here comes the bus.

Here comes Tom.

Here he comes. (如果主语是代词就不需要倒装)

2. Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks.

(3) such 位于句首

１.Such will be my future dreams.

2. Such is my whole story.

(4) 表语置于句首

１．Blessed is the person who is too busy to worry in the daytime and too sleepy to worry at night.

2. Gone are the days when we had no food to eat.

2．部分倒装：只将谓语的一部分（如助动词或系动词）

放在主语前面，其余部分仍在主语之后。

部分倒装

（2）句首有否定词或否定短语时，句子要部分倒装。

A．常见的否定词有：never, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, not, not until, rarely, no sooner…than, nowhere,

etc.

e.g. 1. Nowhere in the world can you find a man who is

more foolish than John.

2. No sooner had I taken a bath than the bell rang.

3. Not a word did he say at the meeting.

4. Never before have I heard such a story.

5. Not until he came back did I leave.（注意：主句

中主谓结构部分倒装）

6. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also

came close to losing our lives.

Ｂ.常见的否定短语有：in no way, in no case, at no time, by no means, in no sense, on no account, under no

circumstances放句首表示强调，译为“决不。。。”

e.g. 1. In no way do I blame you for what happened.

2. On no account will the manager tolerate rudeness from his employees.

C. 如果否定词不是修饰整个句子，而只是限定句子主语，

则句子不用倒状。

e.g. Not only I but also he has been there.

(2) “so +形容词或副词”及“to the extent/ degree”放在句首，表示程度，句子要倒状.

e.g. 1. To such an extent did his health deteriorate [di'ti?ri?reit]恶化，变质，衰退that he was forced to retire.

2. So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.

(3) 在含有were, had, should 虚拟语气中省去“if”,需要倒装。

e.g. 1. If he were to leave today, he would get there by

Monday.= Were he to leave today, he would get there by

Monday.

2. If I should win the lottery, I would buy a car.

= Should I win the lottery, I would buy a car.

3. If he had not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company.

= Had he not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company.

(４) as 引导的让步状语从句。动词原形+as / though+主语+助动词

e.g. 1. Look as I would up and down, I could see no men at all.

我尽管望上望下，还是看不到一个人。

2. Change your mind as you will, you won’t gain his support.

你即使改变主意，也不会再得到援助

3. Object as you may, I’ll go. 纵使你反对，我也

要去。

4. Try a s he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.

尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。

5. Search as they would, they would find nobody in the

house.

无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。

6. Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his

greatness.

尽管我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。(5) 在复合句中，than或as引导的分句，如果谓语动词省略

或表语省略，且是两个句子的主语相比较时，要用倒装，助动词放在主语前。

e.g. 1. John will give you more than will Jack.

2. Harry is unusually tall, as are his brothers.

3. I spend less than do most of them.

(6) “only+状语”置于句首

1. only+表示时间或方式的短语置于句首。

e.g. 1. Only then did she realize she was wrong.

2. Only by working hard can you achieve your goal.

2. Only 若加各类状语从句置于句首，则注意是主句中的主谓需倒装，而不是从句中的主谓倒装。

e.g. Only when he had failed three times did he turn to me for advice.

3. 若only 修饰的是句子主语，而非状语时，句子不用倒装。

e.g. Only she knew how to deal with this problem.

(7) 代词so, neither, nor, no more 置于句首。

1. I can’t speak French, nor can he.

2. A: Meal price has gone up

B: So has tuition

(8) 让步状语从句的倒装：be…

e.g. Be he rich or poor, I will marry him all the same.

条件从句中特殊的省略if/whether的用法

原句等于Whether he is rich or poor,I will marry him all the same.

省略whether的话，就将动词提前并使用原型

is的原型是be，因此改写后的句子为Be he rich or poor

记忆卡片

具有否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居于句首时用倒装：Never 从不，seldom很少，rarely很少，little一点也不，

scarcely几乎不，hardly居乎不，not不，没有，nowhere 没有地方，not often不经常，not a bit一点也不，not until 直到……才，still less更少，on no account决不，not on any account决不，hardly。。。when一……就，no sooner。。。than一……就，on no circumstance决不，under no circumstances决不，in no circumstance决不，not on one’s life决不，in no way决不，in no case决不，at no time从不，in vain无效，没用，by no means决不，not once or twice许多次，not infrequently经常，neither…(nor)不……（也不），not only不但……而且

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