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考研英语完型填空-(二)

(总分：160.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}Section Ⅰ Use of English{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：160.00)

Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be a game of some{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}-football, hockey, golf, or tennis. It may be mountaineering. Those who have a(n){{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}for climbing mountains are often {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment is caused, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}there are for such games as golf and football. There are, {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}to many people. Those who climb mountains are {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}sports, we might think that one big {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may have to {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. His sport requires high mental and physical {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}.

A skier is probably past his {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.（分数：80.00）

(1).

? B. event

? C. exercise

? D. kind

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。从破折号之后的举例可以判断，这些运动项目都是体育比赛的种类，因此选D项“种类”。 form通常指“形式，结构”，不及kind贴切；C项“锻炼”与前面的game重复。

(2).

? A. passion

? B. emotion

? C. sense

? D. mind

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据下文关键词willing to，take risks可知，那些人对登山运动怀有极大的“热情”，因此正确答案为A项。 B项强调的是人的一种情绪，如激动等；sense一般指感觉；mind指注意力，均与句意不符。

(3).

? A. dealt

? B. seen

? C. coped

? D. rejected

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。下文提出疑问，为什么热爱登山运动的人们冒险?据此可以推知，人们对于登山爱好者投以惊讶的目光，因此选择B项。A项、C项与with搭配，均表示“处理”，但本句是被动语态，主语是人，人不可能“被处理”，故A、C不正确；D项“拒绝”，文中没有提及人们排斥登山爱好者，也可排除。

(4).

? A. catch

? B. suffer

? C. resist

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本句提出疑问，“为什么他们情愿______寒冷和险阻，而甘冒登山的艰险?”面对寒冷艰险，人们只能忍受，因此选择B项。 A项显然错误，catch(a)cold是“患感冒”的意思；该句Why…willing to含有一种不解的语气，如果轻易地“抵抗”或“克服”，人们便不会发出惊讶的疑问，所以不选C、D项。

(5).

? A. probably

? B. reasonably

? C. questionably

? D. incidentally

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。上文对登山热爱者发出了疑问，下文进行了解释；另外，下一段讲到了登山与其他运动的区别，既然讲到了区别，那么两者之间的不同之处就是令人们惊讶的原因之一了，因此选择A项。

(6).

? A. if

? B. as

? C. though

? D. while

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：考查关联词。此处需要填入一个连接词，登山运动不像高尔夫球赛和足球赛那样有人为设定的比赛规则，B项符合句意。A项放入句中说不通；C项和D项都引导独立的完整分句，但空格后并非完整分句，故排除。

(7).

? A. hence

? B. moreover

? C. therefore

? D. however

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：考查关联词。前一句说到登山运动没有像高尔夫球赛和足球赛那样人为设定的比赛规则，本句说登山运动有异于其他运动的规则，前后显然是转折关系，因此选D项。 A项、C项表因果关系，B项表递进关系，均不合适。

(8).

? A. behave

? B. ignore

? C. imply

? D. list

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。“登山运动的规则有异于其他运动，如果______这些规则，就会出危险”，会出危险通常是因为违反或忽视规则，B项符合句子逻辑。在which引导的定语从句中，which指代先行词rules of different kind，因而填入的动词修饰的内容也应为rules of different kind，其他三项与其搭配句意不通，故排除。

(9).

? A. luxurious

? B. attractive

? C. painful

? D. noticeable

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。登山运动没有设定的规则，但仍有很多人热爱该运动，可见这种自由吸引了人们前来登山，因此选择B项。文章没有谈到登山运动需要巨大的花费，A项错误；转折词but表明相反情况，C项与文意不符；D项不合逻辑。

(10).

? A. adjusted

? B. accustomed

? C. free

? D. easy

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析兼短语搭配。“登山运动者可以______选择他们自己的方法”，根据前句的freedom from man-made rules．可知答案为C项。 adjust to指“适应”，be accustomed to表示“习惯于”，be easy to指“容易……”，均不符合句子意思。

(11).

? A. familiar

? B. regular

? C. similar

? D. general

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。“如果我们把登山运动和其他______的运动加以比较”，前面提到我们对登山运动感到惊讶，说明我们对这项运动不熟悉，其他运动是“较为熟悉的”，因此答案为A项。(12).

? A. feature

? B. obstacle

? C. difference

? D. advantage

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。将登山运动和其他我们较为熟悉的运动进行比较后发现，登山运动不是一种“团队比赛”。比较的结果是发现区别，所以答案为C项。 A项“特征”体现不出比较结果，不及“区别”贴近文意；登山运动不是团队比赛，这既不是阻碍，也不是优势，因此B项、D项均可排除。(13).

? A. by

? B. from

? C. in

? D. against

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：固定搭配题。“我们可能在这一点上存在误解”，be mistaken in…表示“在某方面存在误解”，所以答案为C项。

(14).

? B. traced

? C. tracked

? D. linked

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。在登山时，登山运动员会将身上的扣环与登山的绳子相连，因此答案选择D项。A项attach“系，贴”，其后要接介词to，B项和C项都是“追踪，跟踪”的意思，不符合文意。

(15).

? A. obviously

? B. already

? C. basically

? D. conversely

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。为了指出认识上的错误，作者举例说，“当登山者们命系同一条登山索时，——这就存在团队协作了”，所以答案为A项“显然地”。 already常用在完成时，可首先排除B 项；basically语气不如A项准确；前面已有but表示转折，D项这个表示转折的词就不能选了。(16).

? A. defeat

? B. conquer

? C. fight

? D. beat

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。要想在严酷的自然条件下生存，就必须和强大的自然力量作斗争，因此C项为正确选项。 A指“打败”，人是不可能打败自然力的，排除；B项“征服”，多指对失败一方及领土获得控制权，也可排除；D项常常指“打”这个具体动作，forces不能当“打”的宾语。

(17).

? A. limitation

? B. goodness

? C. levels

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。登山运动要求精力集中，体力充沛，这都属于人的素质，因此正确答案为D项“素质”。 A项、B项与“良好的思想和身体素质”无关；登山运动员需要的是良好的思想和身体素质，D项要比C项符合句意。

(18).

? A. career

? B. champion

? C. best

? D. time

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据下文，大多数网球世界冠军夺冠的年龄是在二十岁左右，可以推知，本句说的是滑雪运动员到了三十岁就过了运动的黄金年龄了，因此选C项。 A项“职业，生涯”，有很多三十多岁的滑雪运动员，因此A项不对；B项“冠军”，搭配不当：D项“时间”，不合逻辑。(19).

? A. unusual

? B. common

? C. likely

? D. pleasant

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。But话锋一转，说“五六十岁的登山运动员攀上阿尔卑斯山的最高峰并不______”，根据前后句子的转折关系可知，此处要说的是这种情况并不少见，空格前已经给出了一个否定词not，故空格需填入另一个含否定意义的词，双重否定变肯定句，因此答案为A项。

(20).

? A. demand

? B. loss

? C. taste

? D. waste

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。转折词but表明五六十岁的登山运动员与年轻人不一样，他们攀登的

技术可能更高，“力气的______可能更少”。技术高一点，那么耗费的力气就会少一点，所以本题选D项“耗费”。 of effort是修饰空格的定语，这里只有填入D项句子才说的通。loss通常指财产的损失。According to a new research, dreaming about something you've learned may actually be an indicator that your memory is working overtime to retain that information. Doctors have long {{U}} {{U}} 21 {{/U}} {{/U}}the importance of a good night's rest-for everything from improving performance to {{U}} {{U}} 22 {{/U}} {{/U}}physical well being. {{U}} {{U}} 23 {{/U}} {{/U}}this latest inquiry suggests that {{U}} {{U}} 24 {{/U}} {{/U}}sleep is beneficial, dreams may actually {{U}} {{U}} 25 {{/U}} {{/U}}whether our memories continue to work through {{U}} {{U}} 26 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In this latest research, researchers found that, after {{U}} {{U}} 27 {{/U}} {{/U}}performing a task, study participants who took a nap and dreamt about that task {{U}} {{U}} 28 {{/U}} {{/U}}both those who hadn't slept, and those who'd had a dreamless sleep or whose dreams didn't touch {{U}} {{U}} 29 {{/U}} {{/U}}the task.

As part of the research, subjects were asked to study a three dimensional computer maze so that later, when they were {{U}} {{U}} 30 {{/U}} {{/U}}placed somewhere in the middle of that maze, they'd be able to find their way out. Between the initial {{U}} {{U}} 31 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the maze, and the later task, some participants were allowed to nap. Among those who rested, several had dreams that {{U}} {{U}} 32 {{/U}} {{/U}}the maze-some saying that their dreams {{U}} {{U}} 33 {{/U}} {{/U}}the music that had been playing while they studied the maze earlier, while others imagined the maze as {{U}} {{U}} 34 {{/U}} {{/U}}caves that they'd had to {{U}} {{U}} 35 {{/U}} {{/U}}through. Later, when participants were put back in the maze, those who'd dreamt about it had greater {{U}} {{U}} 36 {{/U}} {{/U}}finding their way around than those who hadn't dreamt about the {{U}} {{U}} 37 {{/U}} {{/U}}, or who hadn't slept at all.

The findings indicate that dreams may be a(n) {{U}} {{U}} 38 {{/U}} {{/U}}of memory processing, and working over a problem in your sleep is a(n){{U}} {{U}} 39 {{/U}} {{/U}}that your brain is actively trying to {{U}} {{U}} 40 {{/U}} {{/U}}that information. The next step in the research, they say, is to examine how dreams during a full night's sleep relate to memory process.（分数：80.00）

(1).

? A. criticized

? B. emphasized

? C. suspected

? D. entertained

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查语义辨析。根据破折号后的内容“这对从提到表现到改善身体在内的所有事情都很重要”可以判断，医生会“强调”夜晚休息好的重要性。因此，选B项。破折号之后的内容是肯定夜晚休息好的重要性的，放不选A、C项含有否定意味的词：D项不符合逻辑。

(2).

? A. entire

? B. solid

? C. overall

? D. ambitious

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。填入的形容词修饰其后的physical well being，这里指“身体健康方面”，overall意为“整体的，总的，从头到尾的”，此处修饰physical well being合适，选C项。A 项意思和C项有些相似，干扰性较大。但是，A项和C项在用法上有区别：若要表示“整体的”意义，应该用C项；若要表示“全部的，整个的”，用A项。且entire只能用在名称前，如：The entire country was affected by drought．全国都受到干旱影响。

(3).

? A. Therefore

? B. Yet

? C. Otherwise

? D. Even

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题。前文说夜里好好休息的好处，而空格之后的句子说做梦的好处。从逻辑关系上可以判断，此处空格应填入表示转折的副词。B项符合题意。 C项也表示转折关系，但otherwise意为“除此之外，不然，否则”，与句意不符。

(4).

? A. while

? B. because

? C. unless

? D. as

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题。空格处所讲述的对象是sleep，而逗号后面讲述的是dreams，由此可以判断，空格处所缺的是表示对比、转折或让步关系的词语。只有A项符合题意，表示对比。

(5).

? A. disorganize

? B. shield

? C. obstruct

? D. signal

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。whether引导的宾语从句作空格所需词(动词)的宾语。根据句意，做梦可以______我们的记忆是否还在继续工作，判断此处应填入表示“表明，是……的标志”等意义的词，只有D项符合题意。

(6).

? A. darkness

? B. dangers

? C. challenges

? D. time

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。解答此题要联系下文所提到的实验，下文的实验将小睡且梦到任务内容的人与没有小睡或小睡没有梦到任务内容的人进行比较。这里表明记忆在压力和挑战下工作的情况，C 项符合句意，其他选项放入文中则不符合逻辑。

(7).

? A. initially

? B. eventually

? C. flawlessly

? D. casually

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题。performing a task意为“执行任务”，dreamt a task意为“梦到任务”，题目考查在任务执行的某一时间段让人们休息，第二段对该实验进行的过程作如下介绍：Between the initial viewing of the maze，and the later task，some participants were allowed to nap，由此可见，是在任务刚开始执行后让人们小睡休息的，故选A项。

(8).

? A. overcame

? B. lost

? C. ruined

? D. outperformed

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。解答此题可以联系第二段后半部分表明的实验结果，其中greater…than 等词表明，小睡梦到任务内容的人要比没有小睡或小睡没有梦到任务内容的人表现更好，这里用outperfomed符合句意。 A项具有一定的干扰，意为“战胜，克服，征服”，如：overcome the enemy打败敌人；overcome a fault克服缺点。此处并不是一场战斗，也与克服困难、缺点无关，因此不符合题意。

(9).

? A. on

? B. in

? C. over

? D. about

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：固定搭配题，touch on/upon意为“提及，涉及，关系到，接近”。其他选项都不能和touch组成短语，因此，答案只能是A项。

(10).

? A. simultaneously

? B. virtually

? C. silently

? D. reasonably

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题。该句的a three dimensional computer maze表明先让参与者看的是虚拟的迷宫，接着later一词暗示参与者随后会被放入“真正的”迷宫中(下文也证实如此)。四个选项中只有B项符合句意。

(11).

? A. speculation

? B. touch

? C. service

? D. viewing

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。受试者是首先观看虚拟的迷宫，然后被放入真正的迷宫中。空格处应该填入表示“观看，查看”含义的词语，D项符合题意。

(12).

? A. excluded

? B. incorporated

? C. correlated

? D. contacted

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。解题关键在于破折号后面的内容，参与者做的梦都是与迷宫有关的，故这里填入B项“包含，使混合”之意的动词符合句意。A项与文意相反，可首先排除；C项常与to、with 搭配；D项是指(通过捎信或打电话等)跟(某人)联络上，而不是抽象的“有关联”。

(13).

? A. imitated

? B. emitted

? C. featured

? D. discharged

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。空格所在句子讲述的是他们梦中的情景。空格处缺少动词，根据其后的宾语“参与者研究迷宫时播放的音乐”，可知梦的内容是以这些音乐为特征的。因此，C项符合题意。

(14).

? A. some of

? B. a series of

? C. a case of

? D. a mountain of

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题。空格处所缺的词组修饰caves，结合题目给出的四个选项，能用来描述“洞穴”的只有B项，表示“很多，一系列的”，因此，B项符合题意。

(15).

? A. skip

? B. live

? C. wander

? D. visualize

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查短语搭配。解题关键词是空格后的介词through，即空格处所缺的动词要和through 搭配，而through本身就含有“通过”的意思，wander through意为“穿过”，用在这里符合句意。skip through指“跳读，浏览”，live through表示“经历过”，后面均不能接caves“山洞”；visualize意为“使直观化，使形象化”，不能与through搭配。

(16).

? A. capability

? B. productivity

? C. opportunity

? D. success

（分数：4.00）

D. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。这句话对比了梦到迷宫的人和没有梦到迷宫的人的表现。根据前文提到关于梦的作用可以判断，那些梦到迷宫的人应该比没有梦到的人或者根本没有睡觉的人更成功地找到迷宫的出路。因此，此处应填入表示“成功”意义的词，选D项。

(17).

? A. task

? B. problem

? C. warfare

? D. simulation

（分数：4.00）

A. √

解析：语义逻辑题。答对此题的关键在于理解句子前半部分出现的it(those who'd dreamt about it)，空格处所缺的词与it同指。根据前一句活可以判断，it指的就是maze，也就是此次实验中的任务。此处讲的是梦到任务的人比没有梦到任务的人表现更好。因此，A项符合题意。

(18).

? A. outlook

? B. byproduct

? C. effect

? D. probability

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。这个句子是对梦的实质的解释，下文提到梦和记忆处理的关系，由此可以判断，此处意思是说梦是记忆处理的一部分，因此B项符合题意，意为“副产品，(意外或无心的)附带产生的结果”。

(19).

? A. impact

? B. sign

? C. assessment

? D. function

（分数：4.00）

B. √

解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。空格后面的that引导同位语从句，对空格所缺词进行解释。因此可以判断，在梦中研究某个问题是你的大脑在活跃运作的标志，B项符合题意。

(20).

? A. convert

? B. eliminate

? C. retain

? D. achieve

（分数：4.00）

C. √

解析：空格处所缺动词的宾语是information。大脑是“保存”信息的场所，这里选C项符合句意。

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1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front

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