Sonnet18(英文赏析)word文本

Sonnet 18

By William Shakespeare

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines

And often is his gold complexion dimed;

And every fair form fair sometimes declines,

By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;

Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade. When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:

So long as men can breathe,or eyes can see,

So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.

十四行诗（其十八）

威廉·莎士比亚

我能把你比作夏日吗？

尽管你更可爱、更温和；

夏日的狂风可能会摧残五月的花儿，

季节的限制又减少了可拥有的日光；

天空的巨眼有时过于灼热，

常使自身的辉煌无故湮没；

每一种美都会消逝，

不管愿意或是无奈；

然而你这盛夏将永存不朽，

连你所有的美都不会褪去；

死神不忍逼近，

生命只会长存；

只要人类能呼吸，能看见；

我的诗就会存在，而你的生命也会延续。

Sonnet 18 is absolutely one of the most famous sonnets of Shakespeare. Almost every English learner can recite some lines of it either for appreciation or pleasure as both the thematic feature and artistic feature shine brightly and attractively. In the following, I will illustrate my understanding of this sonnet in these two aspects.

Firstly, something about the sonnet’s thematic feature.

The first two lines, in the form of a question and an assertive肯定statement, show the poet’s idea of comparing his beloved with a summer’s day and also point out that the beloved person is more beautiful and less extreme than summer. It is understandable that summer is chosen as the comparison target because it is lovely and pleasant. While the next

six lines describe the less pleasant aspects of summer: the too strong wind, the extreme hot weather as well as the easy disappearance of all beauties. The ninth line takes up the comparison with summer again: summer has by now become the summer of life. The comparison turns into a contrast by referring back to the seventh. The poet's assurance becomes even firmer in lines eleven and twelve, which contain a promise that death will be conquered that the beloved one’s spirit and life will surely be eternal. The last two lines further emphasize the poet’s belief that the eternity of spirit and virtue of his beloved by pointing out the poem’s eternal function and existence.

With this arrangement of structure and content, the poet gives this sonnet two thematic meanings.The primary meaning is simply a statement to praise the beauty of the beloved one. But the more important and deep one is the poet’s thought that the power of the poem which can defy不屈服time and last forever.Its double themes are one distinguishing feature of the sonnet.

Secondly, the analysis of this sonnet’s artistic feature.

It contains 14 lines. We can easily observe that the ends of line 1 and line 3 have the end rhyme: /ei/, line 2 and line 4 rhyme with /eit/. And these four lines form a quatrain. The same form is used in the second quatrain from line 5 to line 8,the third quatrain from line 9 to line 12. However，the last two lines have their own form, as they have the end

rhyme:/i:/Each line in this sonnet is in iambic pentameter which means each line has five feet, usually an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. For example, we can divide the first line into five independent feet as “Shall I / compare / thee to/ a sum / mer’s day?”With accents on shall,com,thee,a,mer respectively.

Some figures of speech are also in use like simile明喻and personification拟人. We can see the sun is regarded as “the eye of heaven” which is a simile. We can find the word “his” used to describe the sun and the death which gives them life as the illustration of the use of personification. This makes the images the poet points out linked to each other and vividly form the whole imagery.

To make a general conclusion of its stylistic feature, this sonnet is a typical Shakespearian sonnet with fourteen lines in iambic pentameter, including three quatrains and one couplet with the rhyme scheme ababcdcdefefgg. Besides this, sonnet 18 is in use of alliteration and figures of speech which add more beauty to the tonality 音调of the poem.

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The speaker of the poem opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" This question is comparing her to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers are blooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally thought of as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the speaker gives the feeling again that the summer months are often to short by saying, "And summer抯lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6), that is there are many hot days during the summer but soon the sun begins to set earlier at night because autumn is approaching. Summer is moving along too quickly for the speaker, its time here needs to be longer, and it also means that the chilling of autumn is coming upon us because the flowers will soon be withering, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various respects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die. In the couplet at the bottom, the speaker explains how that the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike a summer. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13)On the surface, the poem is on the surface simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer. It is incidentally brought to life as being described as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion". The imagery throughout the sonnet is simple and attainable to the reader, which is a key factor in understanding the poem. Then the speaker begins to describe the summer again with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the " summer’s lease", springtime moving into the warmth of the summer. The speaker then starts to promise to talk about this beloved, that is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see," the woman will live. The language is almost too simple when comparing it to the rest of Shakespeare’s sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or verse, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause, almost every line ends with some punctuation that effects a pause. But it is this that makes Sonnet18 stand out for the rest in the book. It is much more attainable to understand and it allows for the reader to fully understand how great this beloved truly is because she may live forever in it. An important theme of the sonnet, as it is an important theme throughout much of the poetry in general, is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever. And so by doing this it is then carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations and eventually

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Summary of “No Name Woman” This article portrayed a Chinese woman who was pregnant a baby who didn’t belong to her husband ,and this behavior brought the raid from the villagers, and the woman is the author’s aunt who was denied by her families because of the humiliation she brought to them.Nevertheless,this story revealed the female identity in old China as well.In order to educated the author, her mother told her this story about her aunt and expected her not to humiliated her families.From this matter ,the author thought,every Chinese-American wouldn’t be a complete American under the influence of Chinese tradition which marked by his mother. As we know,the influence of culture ids potential,long-term and tremendous.If we live in a certain environment,we will be influenced by the culture in this surrounding,and once we are influenced,it’s hard to change it.In a word,it’s difficult to change the influence of the Chinese culture in every Chinese or Chinese-American.And also,we should respect our culture and develop it to some excellent extent when we study the foreign culture.

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