职称英语理工类阅读原文版模拟第13篇1

职称英语理工类阅读原文版模拟第13篇1

阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题，每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择答案。每个试题计3分,共计15分"Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common

Cryptic species animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant-may be much more widespread than previously thought．The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management，to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution．

Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology．Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk，of the Goethe-Universitat，in Frankfurt1，Germany，analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographieal regions．

Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles，and

were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions．"Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality be many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Pfenninger．Until the genetic information of all species in at least one taxon is thoroughly studied，no one will know just how many cryptic species exist．"It could be as high as 30%," Pfenninger says．

"I'm extremely surprised by their results," says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph2 in Ontario3，Canada．"It's a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing．"

Sampling as many individuals as possible，scientists hope to complete work on all fish and birds in another 5 to 10 years．Onee either of these taxonomic groups is completed，Pfenninger says researchers will be able to decide how many cryptic species exist throughout the animal kingdom．

Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant．A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct，non-interbreeding species，the African bush elephant and the African elephant．The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened，respectively，by

the World Conservation Union (WCU) 4．

The reclassifications are more than an academic exercise．They define populations that have evolved independently of each other and whose genetic differences can have significant consequences．

In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused attempts to control malaria in Europe．Ultimately，what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling species，only three of which transmitted the disease．"The basic unit in biology is always the species，and you have to know what you are dealing with," Pfenninger says．Much previous research is now no longer used，he says，because it is not clear what species was being studied．

词汇:

cryptic/5kriptik/adj．隐蔽的；隐藏的taxon/5tAksCn/ n．(生物的) 分类单元

biodiversity n．生物多样性taxonomic adj．分类(学)

DNA n．脱氧核糖核酸non-interbreeding adj．非杂交繁殖的

(deoxyribonucleic acid 的缩

写)morphology/mC:5fClEdVi/n．形态学malaria/mE5lZEriE/

n．疟疾

reptile/5reptail/n．爬行动物sibling/5sibliN/n．同胞，同属

temperate/5tempErit/adj．(气候) 温带的

注释：

1．the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt：德国法兰克福大学，即Johann Wolfgang Goethe- Universitat Frankfurt am Main，位于美因和莱茵两河汇流处的法兰克福。

2．the University of Guelph：圭尔夫大学。该校成立于1964年，是一所公立的综合性大学。在2005年加拿大综合类大学评比中，圭尔夫大学名列第3名，是全加拿大最的高等学府之一。

3．Ontario：安大略。加拿大中东部的一个省。

4．the World Conservation Union：世界自然保护联盟。全球、最重要的自然保护网络机构，它集合了82个国家、111个政府机构、800多个非政府组织以及来自181个国家的约1万多名科学家和专家，形成了世界环保领域里独一无二的全球性合作关系

【

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++2010年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break 9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer, it's driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent research. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing's on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his "tag" , TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, " says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. " We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. " The first site to be chosen was a subway. " Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. " By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked