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大学英语词汇与语法练习7：状语从句专项练习题—答案

I. Multiple Choice

1. ______ you return the dictionary to the library immediately, you will be fined.

A. If

B. Until

C. Provided

D. Unless

答案：D

解析：句意为“除非你马上把字典还回图书馆，否则你会被罚款。”unless相当于if …not，换言之，“如果你不马上把字典还回图书馆，你就要被罚款。”

2. ______ difficulties they may come across, they will help one another to get over them.

A. However

B. Whatever

C. Whichever

D. Since

答案：B

解析：句意为“不论他们会遇到什么困难，他们会相互帮助去克服的。”whatever——不论什么，用来指代尚未发生的未知的事物。比较，whichever——不论哪一个，用来指代已知多个事物中的任何一个。

3. ______ little we may like it, old age comes to most of us.

A. So

B. Since

C. However

D. Despite

答案：C

解析：句意为“不论我们多么不喜欢它，老年会降临到我们大部分人身上。”However，副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，本句中修饰little (adv.)，表示喜欢的程度。所给选项中despite 不引起从句。

4. _____ he had knowledge of Spanish, he still attended the training course.

A. Bur for

B. So long as

C. Although

D. In spite

答案：C

解析：句意为“尽管他了解西班牙语知识，他仍然参加了培训课程。”所给选项中，but for (要不是)只引起短语，不引起从句；so long as(只要)。

5. It is almost impossible for me to meet her _____ she really comes to see me.

A. for fear that

B. lest

C. unless

D. provided that

答案：D

解析：句意为“如果她真的来看我，我也不太可能见她。”所给选项中，for fear that和lest表示“唯恐”，unless表示“除非”，provided that表示“如果，假如”。

6. Women wearing the gowns were reported to look _____ they had just stepped out of bed.

A. that

B. as

C. so that

D. as though

答案：D

解析：句意为“据报道，穿这款长袍的女人看起来就好像刚从床上爬起来的样子。”

7. We shall call on her as soon ________________.

A. as she will come

B. as she shall come

C. as she comes

D. she comes

答案：C

解析：句意为“她一来我们就去拜访她。”as soon as…引起时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。

8. Henry could not decline the invitation, ______ he was not interested in joining the society.

A. for

B. when

C. supposing

D. though

答案：D

解析：句意为“亨利不能拒绝该邀请，尽管他对加入这个社团没什么兴趣。”

9. The thief hid himself in the chimney _____ someone should catch him in the act.

A. when

B. but that

C. lest

D. where

答案：C

解析：句意为“小偷躲藏在烟囱里，以防在他作案时被人抓到。”lest引起的目的状语从句，从句中用了should+动词原形的虚拟语气，表示“唯恐”这一主观意愿。

10. Steel, coal and oil are to industry _____ food is to man.

A. that

B. so

C. and

D. as

答案：D

解析：句意为“钢铁、煤炭和石油对工业的重要性正如食物之于人。”A is to B as/what C is to D的比较结构。

11. _____________ in health, he persisted in doing the experiment.

A. As he was poor

B. Poor was he

C. Poor as he was

D. Poor he was though

答案：C

解析：句意为“尽管他健康不佳，他仍坚持做实验。”as/though引起的让步状语从句，往往从句采用倒装结构，把强调的部分提前。as引起的非倒装句不能表示让步的含义，没有“尽管”的意思。

12. I am sure you can do the work well _____________________.

A. if you applied yourself to it

B. if you will apply yourself to it

C. if you apply yourself for it

D. if you apply yourself it

答案：B

解析：句意为“如果你愿意专心致志做事，我肯定你是能做好的。”句中apply oneself to sth.表示“专心致志做某事”。if条件句强调意愿，所以用了will。

13. As the forces of injustice were defeated, ______ the novels which had been banned for more

than twenty years.

A. and he published

B. but he published

C. so had he published

D. so he published

答案：D

解析：句意为“正如不公正的势力被打败那样，他出版了此前被禁了二十多年的小说。”

14. He did n’t break the bad news to his mother ______ that she might break down.

A. unless

B. for

C. because

D. for fear

答案：D

解析：句意为“他没有把坏消息透露给他妈，担心她可能会情绪崩溃。”for fear that…引导目的状语从句，意为“担心……；唯恐……”。

15. _______________, someone rang me up.

A. While I left

B. While leaving

C. On leaving

D. While I was leaving

答案：D

解析：句意为“当我正要离开时，有人给我打电话。”A选项是错误的，因为while引起的从句表示的是一个时间段，必须用进行时态表示动作持续的期间，不能用一般过去时；B选项是分词短语作状语的结构，动作必须是句子主语发出的，而此处leave并不是someone发出的动作；C选项是用on/upon doing …的介词短语来表示“刚/一……”的意思，动作必须是句子主语发出的，此处不符。因此只有D正确。

16. The price of goods has kept rising ______ the wages of the workers remain the same.

A. whether

B. otherwise

C. consequently

D. whereas

答案：D

解析：句意为“物价在持续上涨，而工人的工资保持不变。”whereas表示对照关系，相当于“而……”。选项中，B和C不是连词，是具有上下文衔接意义的副词，不能用来引起并列的从句。

17. Nanjing University of Science and Technology has sent many young scholars to study abroad

______ it might catch up with the best universities in China.

A. while

B. although

C. because

D. so that

答案：D

解析：句意为“南京科技大学派遣很多年轻学者到国外学习，为的是该校能赶上中国的一流大学。”so that …引导目的状语从句。

18. ________ the fine words he may say to your face, he hates you at heart.

A. After all

B. Even if

C. For all

D. Owing to

答案：D

解析：句意为“尽管他当你的面说了那么多甜言蜜语，但他内心实际是恨你的”。For all …引导的短语代替了让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。

19. _______ radar is to airplanes and ships, _____ eyes are to human’s body.

A. Such … as

B. Just … as

C. Such as … so

D. Just as … so

答案：D

解析：句意为“正如雷达之于飞机和轮船的重要性，眼睛对人类身体同样重要。”Just as …, so …是比较状语从句的结构。

20. _____________________, you should remain modest.

A. Whatever high your academic level is

B. However high your academic level is

C. Which ever high your academic level is

D. No matter what your academic level is high

答案：B

解析：句意为“不论你的学业水平有多高，你都应该保持谦虚。”however引导让步状语从句，however是副词，修饰形容词high。

21. The budget they made is unrealistic ____ it disregards increased costs.

A. for that

B. for which

C. in that

D. in which

答案：C

解析：句意为“他们所做的预算是不现实的，这在于该预算无视上涨了的成本。”in that…引导原因状语从句，表示“在于（是因为）”。A、B、C三个选项中都出现了关系代词，但是该句中没有先行词，因此不可能是定语从句。

22. The newly developing science of artificial intelligence aims at programming the computer to think, reason and react ____ people do.

A. by the same way as

B. in much the same way that

C. with the same way as

D. as much as the same way that

答案：B

解析：句意为“新开发的人工智能科学目标是给计算机编程使之能够以和人一样的方式进行思考、推理及做出反应。”以什么方式进行什么，需要用in …way来表示，这里涉及计算机和人类的比较，需要用到the same …that的比较结构。

23. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ________ I saw her.

A. for the moment

B. the moment when

C. at the moment when

D. the moment

答案：D

解析：句意为“我们已经二十年没见了，但是见到她的那一刻我就认出了她。”the moment (that)引导时间状语从句。

注意：the moment when…结构中，when引起的是定语从句，不是时间状语从句。

24. He was punished ________ he should make the same mistake again.

A. unless

B. lest

C. if

D. provided

答案：B

解析：句意为“他受到了处罚以防他再犯同样的错误。”lest引导目的状语从句，表示“以防”，

different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.

A. Because

B. For

C. Since

D. While

答案：D

解析：句意为“尽管睡眠过程中发生了什么基本上都已经为人所知，但是睡眠的准确功能及各个不同的阶段仍然主要是人们的预测。”while引起的从句，表示让步，意为“尽管”。

注意：while引起的状语从句根据不同的语境有不同的含义，可以是时间状语从句，可以是让步状语从句，也可以表示对照关系等等。

26. We can accept your order ________ payment is made in advance.

A. in the belief that

B. in order that

C. on the excuse that

D. on condition that

答案：D

解析：句意为“我方可以接受贵方的订单，条件是提前付款。”on condition that …引起条件状语从句。

27. She had a tense expression on her face, ________ she were expecting trouble.

A. even though

B. as though

C. even as

D. now that

答案：B

解析：句意为“她面部表情紧张，好像她预见到了什么麻烦。”as though引起比较状语从句，表示“好像”，从句中往往用虚拟语气。

28. ________ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man.

A. Much as

B. Only if

C. If only

D. As much

答案：A

解析：句意为“尽管作为诗人我仰慕David，但是我不喜欢他这个人。”as引起的倒装句是让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。该句的非倒装结构应该是：Though I much admired David as a poet,

I …

29. Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ________ we radically change the way we live.

A. but

B. although

C. unless

D. lest

答案：C

解析：句意为“许多人认为我们正在朝着环境灾难前进，除非我们能彻底改变我们的生活方式。”unless表示“除非”。

30. The trumpe t player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ________ by his lack of talent.

A. than

B. more than

C. as

D. so much as

答案：D

解析：句意为“这个吹喇叭的人确实很吵。但是与其说他的大声打扰到了我，不如说他缺乏艺术天分让我不舒服。”as/so much as引起同级比较结构，否定句中用not … so much as …。注意：选项B也可以表达类似的意思，但句子应为I was bothered by his lack of talent more than by his loudness.

II. Translation

1. You’d better take a sweater with you in case it (should) turn cold (以防天气变冷).

2. The anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor (直到一名医生偶然发现了它).

3. Leaving one’s job, whatever job it is/ no matter what job it is (不管是什么工作), is a difficult

change even for those who look forward to retiring.

4. I am going to pursue this course, no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/ whatever sacrifice

I will make/ no matter how much I would sacrifice (无论我要做出什么样的牺牲).

5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you (如果你方便的话).

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