语法专练 非谓语动词

语法专练: 非谓语动词

1.动名词doing 一般式主动

being done 一般式被动

having done 完成式主动

having been done 完成式被动

2 不定式to do 一般式主动

to be done 一般式被动

to have done 完成式主动

to have been done 完成式被动

3. 现在分词doing 一般式主动

being done 一般式被动

having done 完成式主动

having been done 完成式被动

4. 过去分词done

非谓语动词（一）:动名词与不定式:

一动名词

1. I like swimming.

2. Nobody likes being laughed at.

3. I still remember going to Beijing when I was 7.

4. I still remember being taken to Beijing when I was 7.

5 I am sorry for having kept you waiting.

6 I am angry for having been cheated.

二不定式

1.I would like to meet your new friend.一般式主动

2. I would like to be introduced to your new fiend.

3.I would like to have come to your party yesterday, but I was too busy.

4. I would like to have been introduced to your new friend, but I missed the chance.三:动词不定式的否定形式not + to do

例如：He asked me not to make such a mistake.

动名词的否定形式:not doing

I made her angry by not taking the medicine.

四: 不定式复合结构of/for sb to do sth

It’s kind/cruel/polite/rude/typical。。。。of sb to do sth

It’s necessary/ traditional/。。。…for sb to do sth

动名词复合结构: sb’s doing sth

Would you mind my/me opening the door?

Tom’s coming late made the teacher angry.

五.动词不定式与疑问词连用

疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where,

how, why+ to do，作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

例如：1) He doesn’t kn ow how to use the machine.

2) Whether to be allowed to go on the holiday is still a question.

3) The problem is where to find him..

六:动名词与不定式的区别

1.固定搭配: 有些动词后面只能接动名词做宾语

finish, / mind, / enjoy doing sth,

suggest doing /sb’s doing sth

consider doing sth （consider sb to do sth ）

avoid doing sth (避免) admit doing sth (承认),

delay doing sth,(推迟) escape doing sth(逃脱),

allow / permit /forbid doing sth(允许（allow/ permit /forbid sb to do sht, ）

put off doing sth(推迟) , look forward to doing sth (盼望),

object to doing sth(反对), lead to sth/ doing sth(导致),

insist on doing sth(坚持要求)…

2.有些动词后面只能接不定式to do:

decide, hope ,wish, intend, plan , determine(决心) make up one’s mind…。。。。

3.有些动词后面可以用动名词,也可以用不定式,但有区别:

1)mean to do/doing

1) Missing the train means having to wait for another hour.

2) I meant to tell the news yesterday, but I forgot.

2. remember/forget to do remember/forget doing

1)Don’t forget to call your mum On Mother’s Day.

Please remember to call your Mum on Mother’s Day.

2)I always remember going to meet my uncle at the airport 10 years ago when I was a kid.

=I’ll never forget going to meet my uncle at the airport 10years ago when I was a kid.

3.try to do/doing

.4.Sth needs /wants/requires doing/ to be done

Eg: The room needs cleaning./ to be cleaned.

（Sb want/need to do sth ）

谓语动词二现在分词和过去分词

一:现在分词形式:

Eg: 1) Standing on the top of the East Pearl Tower , we can see the whole city of Shanghai.

2) Having worked here for 30 years, he is much respected and well known.

3) Having been defeated 5 times , he lost heart.

4) Being watched by so many people, he felt a little nervous.

二:过去分词形式done

1) The wounded soldiers were taken to hospital.

2) Deeply touched by his story, she couldn’t hold back her tears.

3)When I came out of the shop , I found my bike stolen.

4) He sat by the window, lost in thought.

三:现在分词和过去分词在句中的作用:

1.作定语

a sleeping child----- a wounded child

running water--------- polluted water

1.This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city now.

2.This is one of the new supermarkets built in our city.

被动: a road built 10 years ago

a road being built now

a road to be built next year

2. 作状语

1). Seeing the policeman, the thief turned and ran away.

2). Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks like a boat.

3) . Being watched by so many students, the new teacher felt a little nervous.

4) Built in The Tang Dynasty, the temple is in poor condition.

5) Given more time , we could have done it better.

6) He sat there , looking out of the window.

7) He sat there, lost in thought.

. 作补语

1）I listened and heard someone crying.

2) I listened and heard my name called.

四）分词的否定形式w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

现在分词的否定式，由not+doing构成，例如：

1.Not knowing how to work out the math problem,I went to the teacher for help.

2. Not having heard the news , I wrote to him again.

过去分词的否定式: un+done

1. leave one’s bike unlocked

2. leave the food untouched

3. find one’s door unlocked

4. uncooked meat

（三）with复合结构与独立主格结构

With复合结构的组成(with +宾语+宾补)

With+名词+ 1代词2.现在分词3.过去分词4.不定式5. 形容词6 副词7介词短语

1).With the boy leading the way, we soon found the village.

2) . I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill .

2. with+名词/代词+过去分词

1) All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.

2). He sat on the chair with his hands tied behind.

3.with+名词/代词+不定式

1). With so many problems to solve, the new president is having a hard time.

2). Here is the first volume of my book with the 2nd volume to come out next month.

3) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.

. with+名词/代词+形容词

1) . Don’t sleep with the windows open.

2). With so many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.

5. with+名词+/代词+ 副词

1) The Tian Anmen Square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.

2) He put on his sweater with the wrong side out.

3) With the meeting over, they all went home.

6. With+名词/代词+介词短语

1). He came into the room with a book in his hand.

2) The woman with a baby in her arms is asking for you.

常见的独立主格结构有如下几种：

eg:1)The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn”t know what to say.

=With the girl staring at him , he didn’t know what to say.

2)Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.

3)The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.

=With the problems solved ,the quality has been improved.

4) The meeting over, they all went home.

?= With the meeting over, they all went home.

5)The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.

= The boy goes to the classroom with a book in his hand

6). There being +名词（代词）如：

There being nothing else to do, we went home.

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.

7). It being +名词（代词）如：

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.

强化训练

1.It remains _____whether this teaching method will be better than that one.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

2.Helen had to shout ____above the sound of music.

A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard

3._______in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.

A Waiting B. To wait w.w.w.k C. Having waited D. To have waited

4.LeonardodaVinci_____ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.

A. is said to be buying

B. is said to have bought

C. had said to buy

D. has said to be bought

5 ________ in 1963, and ________ in Philadelphia, Charles Pettigrew so impressed his teachers that he was sent to Barklee School to study Jazz.

A. Born; raised

B. Being born; having raised w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

C. Was born; was raised

D. Born; raising

6. We should put away all medicines out of reach of children and make sure they are not left ________. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m A. lie round B. laying around C. lain round D. lying around 7________ blood if you can and many lives ________ be saved.

A. To give, may

B. Give, will

C. Giving, can

D. Given, must

8. _____around Tian’anmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museu m.

A. Showing

B. Having shown

C. Being shown

D. Having been shown

9. ________ untidy, his bedroom needs doing out.

A. Look

B. Looking

C. Looked

D. To look

10. ________ like a great idea, what he said was accepted by all present immediately.

A. Sounded

B. Sounds

C. To sound

D. Sounding

11. —What’s the population of your city? w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

—About four million people. It seems small ________ to Beijing.

A. compared

B. to compare

C. comparing

D. being compared

12. Not having finished their jobs, ________ to leave the company.

A. the boss forbade them

B. they were forbidden

C. so they were forbidden

D. and they preferred

13. —Would you please join us in this computer game?

—Thank you, but I’d rather ________.

A. not to

B. not join

C. not do

D. not

14. ________ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant

experience. w.w.w.5.u.c.o.m A. Having caught B. Being caught C. Caught D. Having been caught

15. Thank you for the great trouble you’ve had ________ me with my computer work.

A. helping

B. to help

C. with helping

D. for helping

16. The houses ________ by the first company will be completed by the end of this year.

A. being built

B. built

C. to be building

D. to build

17. ________ by what everyone says about him, he has a good chance of winning.

A. Judged

B. To Judge

C. Having Judged

D. Judging

18.Six ______ to nine ______ fifteen.

A. added; makes

B. adding; makes

C. adds; make

D. adding; make

19 The language ______ for speaking on the telephone is similar to that of ordinary conversation.

A. is used

B. is using

C. used

D. using

20 He was sitting there, ______ in deep thought.

A. lose

B. lost

C. being lost

D. losing

非谓语动词巩固练习

1. As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed

2. ______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _____ everything.

A. to tell

B. to be told

C. to be telling

D. to have been told

4. I really appreciate _______ to relax with you on this nice island.

A. to have had time

B. having time

C. to have time

D. to having time

5. ______ at the door before entering, please.

A. Knocked

B. To knock

C. Knocking

D. Knock

6. Sandy could do nothing but _____ to his teacher that he was wrong.

A. admit

B. admitted

C. admitting

D. to admit

7. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.

A. set up

B. setting up

C. have set up

D. having set up

8. _____ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.

A. Giving

B. Give

C. Given

D. To give

9. ______ from heart trouble for years, Professor white has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.

A. Suffered

B. Suffering

C. Having suffered

D. Being suffered

10. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state –run companies are striving _______

their products more competitive.

A. to make

B. making

C. to have made

D. having made

11. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.

A. waiting

B. to wait

C. wait

D. to be waiting

12. When _____, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed

13. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly –elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled

B. settling

C. to settle

D. being settled

14. The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be cone to change it.

A. begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

15. Having a trip abroad is certainly for the old couple, but it remains____whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

(二)

1. prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

2. — Why did you go back to the shop ?

— I left my friend ______ there.

A. waiting

B. to wait

C. wait

D. waits

3. The manager, ______ his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.

A. knowing

B. known

C. to know

D. being known

4. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing

B. having seen

C. to have seen

D. to see

5. Mr Smith, ______ of the _____ speech, started to read a novel.

A. tired; boring

B. tiring; bored

C. tired; bored

D. tiring; boring

6. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen.

A. smoke

B. smoking

C. to smoke

D. smoked

7. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise.

A. don’t make

B. not make

C. not making

D. not to make

8. _____ times, he’ll make a first –class tennis player.

A. Having given

B. To give

C. Giving

D. Given

9. It is believed that if a book is ______, it will surely _____ the reader.

A. interested; interest

B. interesting; be interested

C. interested; be interesting

D. interesting; interest

10. The discovery of new evidence led to _____.

A. the thief having caught

B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught

D. the thief to be caught