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初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法主谓一致

一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

例如:Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2.意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如:My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。

3.就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型:

1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语,谓语用复数形式。

2.many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。例如:Many a student has been to Shanghai.许多学生到过上海。

3.more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。

例如:More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4.表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。

例如:Two months is a long holiday.两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy.20英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one.5减4等于1。

5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Each boy and each girl has got a seat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Every man and every woman is at work.每个男人和女人都在工作。

6.one and a half+复数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:One and a half hours is enough.一个半小时足够了。

7.动词不定式,动名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:To see is to believe眼见为实。

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

8.a/an+单数名词+or two做主语,谓语动词用单数。

例如:A student or two has failed the exam.一两个学生考试不及格。

9.当主语部分含有with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:Mike with his father has been to England.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。

Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

10.由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时,一般用复数形式,但and

所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。

这两种情况区分如下:a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。

例如:The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

11.people,police等集体名词做主语,谓语动词用复数形式,family, class,group,team等集体名词做主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个具体成员时,谓语动词复数形式。

例如:People here are very friendly.这儿的人很友好。

His family isn’t large.他家的人不多。

My family all like watching TV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

12.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything, everybody,everyone,nobody,everything,no one,nothing做主语,谓语动词用单数,

例如:Is everyone here today.今天大家到齐了吗?

Something is wrong with him.他有毛病。

Nobody was in.没有人在家。

13.each,either,neither,another,the other做主语,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Each of them has an English dictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。

Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不正确。

14.以—s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news,maths,physics等,

例如:No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。

No Maths is very popular in our class在我们班数学很受欢迎。

15.由both…and…连接两个单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;

由or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名

词或代词做主语时,根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。

例如:Neither you,nor I,nor anyone else knows the answer.

Not only you but also he is ready to leave.

如果either,each,neither作主语,则动词为单数形式。

初中英语选择题技巧

1、结合语境

结合近几年全国各省市中考英语试题来看,单选题的命题方向越来越注重语境的考查。这类题的特点是,所给的四个选项填入空里,都没有语法错误,所以,同学们只有通过具体的语境分析,才能选择正确答案。

2、情景交际

英语是一门语言学习的学科,学习的目的在于英语。由此,情景交际也就很自然的成为单项选择题的热点。现在的中考单选题“语境与情景”是命题者命题的主要指导思想。所以,同学们在解答这类题的时候一定要在具体的情景下使用正确合适的应答。

3、习惯搭配

单选题经常会考查一些固定短语、固定结构和习惯用法等。对于这类题,就需要同学们在平时的学习中注意积累这方面的知识点,遇到这类题,在理解句子意思的基础上,根据习惯搭配就可以直接选择答案。习惯搭配是解答单选题的捷径。

4、找关键词

有的单选题,在题干中会有一些有利于我们解题的关键词,抓住这些关键词会使我们的问题迎刃而解。这些关键词是我们解题的突破口。

5、分析近义词

在英语的选择题中,会有很多近义词辨析这样的题。这对于同学们来说是很容易丢分的题。做这类题,需要大家学会区别它们的用法,学会分析。:

6、生活常识

有的时候在单选题中会出现一些关于政治、历史、地理、风俗习惯、科技等一些常识的考题。在解这类题的时候,我们就需要借助生活经验以及相关的学科知识来进行推理。

本次整理就到这里啦,祝大家在考试中能金榜题名!

初三语法主谓一致3篇

初三语法主谓一致3篇 滴水穿石战中考如歌岁月应无悔,乘风破浪展雄才折桂蟾宫当有时。祝中考金榜题名!下面是小编给大家带来的初三语法主谓一致,欢迎大家阅读参考,我们一起来看看吧! 初三英语语法:主谓一致 主谓一致 一、就近原则:either……or…… neither……nor…… not only…….but also…… There / Here be +并列主语. 二、意义一致原则: 1.集体名词 ( class, family等 )做主语时,可根据意义判断。 His family has moved into a new house. His family were having supper then. 主语是数目、时间、金钱、距离时,动词用单数。 2.主语+ as well as / with / together with / like / but / except + 动词单数。 Everyone except the twins has been to the Great Wall. Lily with her friends is going to the zoo tomorrow. 3.下列一些不定代词做主语,动词用单数。each, either, neither, something, anything, somebody, anybody等。 4.The + 形容词/ 过去分词+ 动词复数The wounded were looked after well in the hospital. The weak, like the strong, have many friends in the world. 5. glasses, trousers, shoes, scissors等单独做主语时,动词用复数,但当它们与a pair of 连用时,动词与pair的数保持一致。 The pair of glasses fits you well. 初中英语重难点!主谓一致考点全面解析

初中英语语法之主谓一致讲解

初中英语语法之主谓一致讲解 考点名称:主谓一致 主谓一致的概念: 谓语的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。 主谓一致的基本原则: 1)语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。 例如:The students are very young. This picture looks beautiful. 2)意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式; 而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式。 例如:The people in that country are fighting for independence. The crowd deeply respect their leader. Three years in a strange land seems a long time. 3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 例如:Neither hen or I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy. 几对容易混淆词组的一致用法: 1、由“this/thatkind/typeof+名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;而由'these/thosekind/typeof+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 例如:This kind of apples is highly priced. Those kind(s) of tests are good. 2、由“a number of,a totalo f,an average of+复数名词”作

初中英语语法:主谓一致

初中英语语法(主谓一致) 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。主谓一致要遵循三条原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 一、复习要点: 1.语法一致的原则:语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。 ⑴单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。主语为复数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。 What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。 ⑵由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。例如: New York and Boston are American cities. 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。 Both she and her sister like drawing pictures. 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画 ⑶由―a… and a half, more than one +名词‖―one and a half + 名词‖, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要 用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table. 注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如: One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词要用单数形式。例如: A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他,已经过去一个半月了。 More than one person here is going to find a new job. 这里不止一人准备找新工作。 ⑷主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;如果主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如: Mr Green, together with his wife, has come to China. The students as well as their teacher were playing a game on the playground. No one except the teachers knows the answer. 除了老师没有人知道答案。 She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 她跟你和汤姆一样个子都很高。 ⑸主语为表示两部分构成的物体的名词(如:glasses, jeans, pants, scissors, trousers等)时,谓语动词用复数形式。但如果它们前面用了a pair of,谓语动词的数取决于pair的单复数形式。例如: My blue trousers have worn out. 我的蓝裤子已经穿破了。 This pair of scissors is China-made. 这把剪刀是中国制造的。 Here are some new pairs of shoes. 这里有几双新鞋。 ⑹主语为―the number of +复数名词‖时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为―a number of +复数名词‖时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: The number of cars is increasing. 汽车的数目正在增长。 There were a number of people out this afternoon. 今天下午有很多人外出。 A great number of migrant workers have entered the city. 大批的民工涌入了城市。 ⑺each或由some, any, every, no构成的复合代词用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Each of us has a new dictionary. 我们每一个人都有一本新词典。 Somebody is looking for you. 有人在找你。 Everybody is doing his best. 人人都在尽力而为。 There’s nothing interesting in the newspaper.报纸上没有什么有趣的新闻。 I can’t find my pen – has anyone seen it? 我的笔找不到了——有谁看见了吗? each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说 ⑻either, neither用作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。但是,如果后接―of +复数名词或代词‖时,谓语动词用单复数均可。例如: Either is acceptable. 两者中哪一个都能接受。 Neither of us was having any luck. 我们两个都不走运。 Neither of the sisters was alive. 两姐妹都不在人世了。 ⑼在定语从句中,关系代词that, who, which等用作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。例如:This is the man who wants to see you. 这就是想要见你的人。 The girls who are coming soon are my students. 快要到来的那些女孩是我的学生 ⑽由what引导的主语从句,主句谓语动词一般用单数形式。但如果表示复数意义,主句谓语动词则用复数形式。例如:

初中英语语法之主谓一致

初中英语语法之主谓一致 本章内容选自张道真先生主编的《初中英语语法》 第十六章 主谓一致 学习导航 主谓一致情况比较复杂,学习时要熟练掌握语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三个原则。要做到主谓一致,除了要考虑句子中主语人称和数的变化,还要考虑到谓语动词时态和语态的变化。很多情况下还要结合具体的语言环境加以判断。 语法视窗 一、主谓一致的三条原则 主语和谓语保持一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化叫主谓一致。主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1、语法一致原则。 谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上要保持一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。 Tom likes eggs,oranges and bananas. All the students in my class are hard-working. 2、意义一致原则。 有些名词形式为单数,但表示复数意义;有些名词形式为复数,却表示单数意义。这种情况下,谓语动词要采取意义一致的原则,即谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致。 People read for pleasure during their spare time.(people表示复数概念) Three months has passed since you left.(three months 表示单数概念) 3、就近一致原则。

就近一致原则指的是谓语动词的人称和数与并列主语中最靠近它的那个主语保持一致。No food or water is allowed to take with. Either several telephones or a fax machine is needed in my office. Neither you nor he knows how to answer the question. Not only the students but (also)their teacher likes the film. There is a table and four chairs in the room. There are four chairs and a table in the room. 二、主谓一致的具体情况 1、不定式、动名词作主语 单个的不定式、动名词作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式。由and连接的两个或多个不定式、动名词作主语表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。 To learn a foreign language well is not easy. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. To do and to say are two different things. 2、and,both...and连接的并列成分作主语 在连词and或both...and连接的并列主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。 New York and Boston are American cities. Both bread and butter are sold out. 特别提示: 由and 连接的并列主语,如果是指一个人或一种事物时,其后的谓语动词就用单数形式。The writer and artist has come.那位作家兼艺术家已经来了。 A knife and fork is on the table.餐桌上有一副刀叉。 Fish and chips is a popular food.炸鱼加薯条是一种很受欢迎的食物。 Five and five makes ten.5加5等于10。 3、More than one...,many a...作主语

2023年初中英语语法之主谓一致考点难点分析讲义

2023年初中英语语法之主谓一致考点难点分析讲义 英语备考:主谓一致问题 1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如: The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明) The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷) 2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时, ①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如: Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) ②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如: Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图) 3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如: There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊) 4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数: The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋) 5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往

往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如: The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买) 6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如: A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句) 7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如: The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品) 8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如: There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子) 9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如: Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

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The boy is playing football on the playground. ⑵ many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式: Many a student has been to Shanghai. ⑶ more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。例如: More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 ⑷表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度等度量词或短语作主语时,常看作整体概念,谓单: Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 ⑸表加减乘除的数学运算做主语,谓单: Three plus two is five. Five minus four is one. Three times two is six. Eight divided by four is two. ⑹ each A and each B 和every A and every B 作主语,谓单: Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 ⑺ one and a half+复数名词作主语,谓单: One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 ⑻动词不定式,动名词,句子作主语时,谓单:

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三、以there be句型为主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与后面的名词一致。 例如: 1. There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。) 2. There are some students in the classroom.(教室里有一些学生。) 四、当主语既有单数的词又有复数的词时,谓语动词要根据靠近谓语动词的词来判断单复数形式。 例如: 1. My brother and sisters are playing in the park.(我弟弟和姐姐们正在公园里玩。) 2. A cup and two plates were on the table.(桌子上有一杯和两个盘子。) 五、当以either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also…等词连接的主语为两个单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如: 1. Either Tom or his brother is going to the party.(汤姆或他的弟弟要去参加聚会。) 2. Not only the teacher but also the students is/are doing the experiment.(不仅是老师而且学生们也在做实验。注意这里is/are的用法较为含糊,可以根据语境选择。)

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8. 介词(prep.):表达它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。 例and, but, before . 10. 感慨词(interj..):表达喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 例:oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例:I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。重要由动词担任。 例:Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克天天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特性,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 例:My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表达及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例:He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。

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初中英语语法主谓一致学习之语法一致

初中英语语法主谓一致学习之语法一 致 主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它指的是主语和谓语在数上保持一致。 语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指在一个句子中,谓语动词的形式应该和主语在人称、数上保持一致。 1.当单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。这是因为在这些情况下,主语是单数形式,所以谓语动词也应该用单数形式来保持一致。 举个例子: The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。)在这个句子中,“cat”是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“is sleeping”也要用单数形式“is”。 The dog barks loudly.(狗大声吠叫。)在这个句子中,“dog”是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“barks”也要用单数形式“barks”。 The boy likes to play soccer.(男孩喜欢踢足球。)在这个句子中,“boy”是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“likes”也要用单数形式“likes”。 The cat jumps onto the table.(猫跳上了桌子。)在这个句子中,“cat”是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“jumps”也要用单数形式“jumps”。 The sentence is correct.(这个句子是正确的。)在这个句子中,“sentence”是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“is”也要用单数形式“is”。 注意:当what引导的主语从句充当主语时,有时要根据what所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。 例如:

What is this?(这是什么?)在这个句子中,“what”指代的是“this”,是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“is”也要用单数形式“is”。 What will happen tomorrow?(明天会发生什么?)在这个句子中,“what”指代的是“tomorrow”,是一个单数名词,所以谓语动词“will happen”也要用单数形式“will happen”。 2. 当由连接词and或both … and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。 例如: And the dogs barked at the mailman.(狗们冲着邮递员叫唤。)在这个句子中,“and”连接了两个名词“dogs”和“mailman”,所以谓语动词“barked”要用复数形式“barked”。 Both my sisters are teachers.(我的两个姐姐都是老师。)在这个句子中,“both”连接了两个名词“my sisters”,所以谓语动词“are”要用复数形式“are”。 I enjoy playing soccer and basketball.(我喜欢踢足球和打篮球。)在这个句子中,“both”连接了两个动词不定式短语“enjoy playing soccer”和“enjoy playing basketball”,所以谓语动词“enjoy”也要用复数形式“enjoy”。 The dog chased both the cat and the bird.(这只狗追着猫和鸟跑。)在这个句子中,“both”连接了两个名词“cat”和“bird”,所以谓语动词“chased”要用复数形式“chased”。 注意:有时,一些用and连接的主语表达的却是单数的概念,这时谓语动词也应用单数形式。 例如: And the cat chased the mouse.(猫追着老鼠跑。)在这个句子中,“cat”和“mouse”这两个名词作为主语出现,但它们表达的概念是单数,因此谓语动词“chased”也要用单数形式“chased”。

初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则

初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则 •相关推荐 初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则 谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致的原则 (1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如: He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. (2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的`是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如: His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come. (3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如: In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help. (4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如: The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class.

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