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中考英语定语从句复习归纳

初中中考英语定语从句复习归纳

（一）知识概要

定语从句并不属于中考范围，但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到，这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生，想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平，但总是碰到一些问题，百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平，无法提高，但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的，所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难，也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路，特用这一节讲述定语从句，不是从语法上讲述，而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。

熟悉了，如： a good book，形容词 good 用来修饰书 book。我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词，这种句子叫做形容词性从句，它起修饰名词的作用，又被叫做定语从句(The attributive clause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前，而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词，如： Do you know the scientist who gave us the ta lk this afternoon? 这句中的主句是 Do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科学家吗?)而 who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是：你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗?这里 scientist 叫作先行词，而 who 叫作定语从句的引导词。 who 在定语从句中起主语的作用， who 的数与它的先行词相同。又如： You must do everything that I do这里先行词是 everything，而that I do 是定语从句，此句应译为：你必须作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定语从句的引导词，在句中作 do 的宾语。

that， which， who， whom， whose 和关系副词 when， where， why， how。不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语，而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。①that 的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如： A plane is a machine that can fly这里先行词是 machine 而 that 是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。这句译为：飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如： I like the book (that) you lent me yesterday这里先行词是 book，关系代词用 that，它在定语从句中作 lend (借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，即： I like the book you lent me yesterday which 关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如： The book shop is a shop whic h sells books这里 shop 是先行词， which 在从句中作主语。又如： The book (which) I read last night was wonderful这里主句是 The book was wonderful而定语从句是修饰主句的主语 book，即我昨晚读的那本书，which 在定语从句中作 read 的宾语，可以省略。who， whom， whose who 在定语从句中作主语， whom 是 who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语，如：The man who visited our school yesterday is an American friend昨天参观我们学校的人是

一位美国朋友。 Who 在定语从句中作主语。又如： Who's that woman (whom) you just talked to ? 你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而 whom 作定语从句中介词 to 的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的 whom 也常常可用 wh

o代替。This is our classmate， Mary， whose home is not far from o ur school这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。

１． I saw the man. He closed the door

I saw the man who (that) closed the door

2． The girl is happy She won the race

The girl who won the race is happy

3． The students are from China They sit in the front row

The students who sit in the front row are from China

(要注意的是先行词是 students 则 who 的数也应看作复数。)

4． We are studying sentences They contain adjective dause

We are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause

5． The taxi driver was friendly He took me to the airport

The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly

6． The book was good I read it

The book that I read was good

The book I read was good

7． The people were very nice We visited them yesterday

The people we visited yesterday were very nice

8． The man called the police His wallet was stolen

The man whose wallet was stolen called the police

9． I come from a country Its history goes back thousands of year

I come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years 10． I have to call the man I picked up his umbrella after the me

eting

I have to call the man whose umbrella I picked up after the meeti

关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：

That was the room in which we had lived for ten years或可以写作：

That was the room which we had lived in for ten years

He was the man whom(who) you were looking for要注意的是此句的关系代词 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短语动词也不可将 for 放于定语从句之前。that 作关系代词作介词宾语时，不能紧跟介词，而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如： The man that we were talking about has come to o ur school这时不可用 about that …请看下面例句：

1． The meeting was interesting I went to it

The meeting that I went to was interesting

2． The man was very kind I talked to him yesterday

The man who I talked to yesterday was very kind

3． I must thank the people I got a present from him

I must thank the people who I got a present from

4． The picture was beautiful She was looking at it

The picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful

5． The man is standing over there I told you about him

The man who I told you about is standing over there

除关系代词外，还有关系副词， when， where， why，其中 when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如： I never forget the day when I first came to the Great Wall而 where 则指地点，如： This is the house where t he old man lives请看下面例句：

1． The city was beautiful We spent our vacation there

The city where we spent our vacation was beautiful

2． That is the restaurant I will meet you there

That is the restaurant where I will meet you

3． The town is small I grew up there

The town where I grew up is small

4． That is the drawer I keep my newpapers there

That is the drawer where I keep my newspapers

5． Monday is the day We will come then

Monday is the day When we will came

6．７∶０５ is the time My plane arrives then

７∶０５ is the time when my plane arrives

7．１９６０ is the year The revolution took place then

１９６０ is the year when the revolution took place

8． July is the month The weather is usually the hottest then

July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest

在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

①限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词，如：I

was the only person in my office who was invited

②非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Abraham Lincoln，who led the United States through these years，was shot on April １４，１８６５at a theatre in washingtonＤ．Ｃ．又如：Galileo lived

in the city of Pisa，where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high

中考英语定语从句复习及练习 (带答案)

Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 有什么事我可以为你效劳吗？ 3．由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句 1)关系代词who引导定语从句，用做主语，用于指人。 The lady who came to see you this morning is my English teacher. 今天早晨来看你的那位女士是我的英语老师。 A nurse is a person who looks after patients. 护士是照看病人的人。 2)关系代词whom引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语（通常可以省略），用于指人。 The doctor(whom) you are looking for is in the room. 你在寻找的那个医生在房间里。 The man(whom) you saw yesterday is my father. 你昨天看到的那个人是我父亲。 3)关系代词whose引导定语从句，用做定语，既可指人，也可指物。 Do you know the man whose name is Wang Ling?你认识那个名字叫王玲的人吗？(whose作从句定语，指人) Do you see the house whose windows are all broken?你看到那间窗户全破了的房子了吗？（whose作定语，指物）练习 1．用who/ whom/ whose将下面两个句子合并成一句： 1) A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital. 2)The woman is a doctor. She lives next door. 3)The man has written a letter to me. You met him yesterday. 4)The young man was away on holiday. I wanted to see him. 5) This is my classmate. His mother is a teacher. 6) Do you see the house? Its windows are broken.

初中英语定语从句专题训练答案

初中英语定语从句专题训练答案一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】考点：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。

初中英语定语从句的用法解析

初中英语定语从句的用法解析【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语）先行词关系代词我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语）昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语）足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)

新高考下的英语定语从句

定语从句考纲要求：掌握定语从句的基本知识；区分定语从句和名词性从句的性质和用法。在具体的语境中考查非限制性定语从句的引导词以及“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；设置语境，考查抽象地点或时间概念的名词作先行词时关系副词的选择，甚至通过增加先行词的隐蔽性来增加试题的难度；考查定语从句的特殊句型，即：特定词汇+of whom/which 引导的定语从句。复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从的连接词有关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as 和关系副词when, why, where等。这些关系代词或关系副词有替代先行词，连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当成分三个作用。定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。限制性从句是句子不可缺少的部分，主句和从句间不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，去掉不影响主句意思的完整性。一般用逗号把主从句分开。关系代词that不可以引导非限定性定语从句，其他可引导定语从句的连词均可引导非限定性定语从句。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。有时先行词是关系代词前的整个句子。 1.当先行词是人：关系词要用who, whom, that, whose等，其中who/that 在从句中课充当主语或宾语，whom 在从句中只能充当宾语，whose在从句中充当定语,不可省略(of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词+of whom。) This is the man who/that can speak several foreign language.（who/that 在从句中作主语，不可省略） I like the girl (who/whom/that)you referred to yesterday.(who/whom/that 在从句中作宾语，可省略） The government tried to help the old woman whose son (of whom the son/the son of whom）died in the war. [注意：whose与所修饰名词之间无任何冠词，否则要用of whom] 注意： ?若连接词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，代替人必须用whom，且不可省略There is nobody in the street to whom I can turn for help.(turn to sb for help 求助于某人) ?若介词在后面，则who, whom或that均可引导从句，且可以省略。 There is nobody in the street that /who/whom I can turn to for help. （填一填）The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. ?在下列情况下多用who或whom,而不用that ①先行词是all, anyone, one, ones, those, people等时 All who can dance well will be invited.（who在从句中作主语） Those who (whom)he knows will be invited.(who/whom在从句中作宾语） ②在被分割的定语从句中 A new teacher will come who will teach us English. ③在there be句型中 There is a girl who wants to see you. ④一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用that引导，为了避免重复，另一个用who. Every student that is from China who likes English will have a chance to get a book. 2.当先行词是物：连接词要用which，that，whose，which/that在从句中作主语或宾语；whose在从句中作定语，后直接跟名词，无冠词，若有则用of which。（whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中做定语,相当于my, his, her, its, their 等修饰人或物。of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。） The building which/that stands in the center is our school library.（which/that在从句中作主语，不可省略） This is the book (which/that)you want.(which/that 在句中作宾语，可以省略） The building whose window (of which the window)faces south is our school library.(作定语）（填一填）Look out! Don't get close to the house ________ roof is under repair. 注意： ?如果关系代词在句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，必须用which，且不可省略。 The house in which I live is near yours. The house (that/which )I live in is near yours.

2015中考英语定语从句真题汇编

2015年中考英语单项选择题之十六：定语从句 1.（2015福建泉州惠安）—Many people are worried about the housing-price _______keeps raising in recent years. —That’s really a problem A. what B. who C. that 2. （2015福建安溪）— Mum, can you see my T-shirt ________ I put here just now? —Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom. A. which B. who C. Whose 3.（2015福州）---Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends. ---Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication _____people like A.that B.which C.who 4.（2015山东德州）Everyone ______ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city. A. why B.whose C.who D.which 5.（2015杭州）The woman ______is the most important in my life is my mother. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 6.(2015四川自贡)This is the book ______ tells many English stories. A.what B. which C. who 7.（2015四川宜宾）The dog _______ played with you just now is _______. A. which; mine B. which; my C. what; mine D. what; my 8.（2015广州）The stories ______ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A. that B. those C. who D. what 9.（2015杭州）The woman is the most important in my life is my mother. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 10.（2015山东德州）---Why are you so worried? ---I’ve lost the watch ______my dad bought me on my birthday. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 11.(2015湖南株洲)A true friend is a person ______ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A.who B.what C.which 12.(2015贵州安顺) I think the first lesson we are learning is very easy. A. that B. where C. who D. when 13.（2015新疆克拉玛依）We don't like people ____ talk too much but never do anything.

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