高考英语时态和语态附带答案

时态和语态

【高考常考的时态是什么？】

根据近几年高考试题在时态上的考查，热点时态无外乎上图中靠内层的九种：一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在进行时、将来进行时、过去完成时、现在完成时和将来完成时。

【高考时态题解题的金钥匙是什么？】

和其他许多考点相似，时态类的考题也有其固有的规律。做题时，也就有比较常用的思路。

1、背定义

这个办法是最简洁、最直接的一个。因为，各个时态的固有特征和与其它时态的本质区别在定义中总有所体现。在我们感到迷茫无助时，准确地记住所涉及时态的定义往往能让我们感到柳暗花明。如：

I _______ his advice the other day, or I will be enjoying the sunshine in Hawaii.

A. didn’t follow

B. hadn’t followed

C. haven’t followed

D. wasn’t following

2、看状语

在很多情况下，句子的时态是受本句的时间状语决定或影响的。所以，在作这类题目时，看时间状语就成了解题的关键。例如：

The Smiths _________ here since 1990.

A. live

B. have lived

C. had lived

D. are living

但是，值得注意的是，这个办法不是万能的。在有些比较难的高考题中，所给出的时间状语可能是误导性的或者干扰性的。这就要求我们提高警惕。以防上当。例如：

Mr. Koonts _______ in London University for 10 years between 1990 and 2000.

A. have worked

B. had worked

C. worked

D. works

3、找基点

所有的时态考题，为了给我们营造某一特定时态的恰当得使用环境，都会给我们一处或几处时间基点上的提示。用来告诉我们，这个题是基于什么时间的，或现在或过去或将来。这个基点对我们来说也很重要。就看大家能否在解题时准确地抓住它们。例如：

--- Did you go to the party last weekend?

--- Yes. And it was quite a long time since I ______ myself so much.

A. enjoyed

B. have enjoyed

C. had enjoyed

D. was enjoying

4、凭感觉

也有一些情况，以上三种方法都很难奏效。这时，我们只能凭着那一点微薄的语感来做题了。

--- How are you getting along with Mary Ericsson.

--- Perfectly. We ______ each other, but it is almost a month since I last dated her.

A. have loved

B. are loving

C. loved

D. love

总结一下，上面所讲的四种解决时态问题的办法都是比较常用的解题思路。其中，对中学生来说最可靠的是第一种。关键时刻能帮我们顶住的还是各个时态的定义。但是，这恰恰又是我们的一个薄弱点。因为从来没有什么考试考查过时态的定义，所以大家都没有刻意地去学习和记忆这个其实很重要的知识点。因此，就不太明白每个时态具体的基本用法。５个最常见也最常考的时态。

【一般现在时】

1、表示经常或习惯性的动作，或现在存在的状态（能力、特征、职务、身份、籍贯等）。经常与every day(year, week…), usually, often, sometimes, always等状语连用。例如：

My neighbor works on China Daily as a reporter.

His watch works well and always tells the right time.

2、表示永恒的状态或真理。例如：

The moon moves around the sun once every month.

从上面两条可以看出，一般现在时通常没有时间的阶段性，所以一般不会和诸如until, before, for 3 days 这样的状语连用。

3、动词go, come, start, begin, leave, arrive, return, be等的一般现在时，可用来代替将来时，表示事先已计划安排好的将要发生的动作或状态。例如：

His flight arrives at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.

The live football match starts at midnight tonight.

Don’t hurry! Your train leaves at 9 and you have plenty of time.

【一般过去时】

１、表示过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，或者表示过去时间内连续发生的几种动作。常与表示过去时间的状语yesterday, last week, half an hour ago, in 1995, between 1990 and 1993等连用。例如：The young couple met only three weeks ago, instantly fell in love, and now they got married yesterday.

The first edition of this book came out in 1980.

They lived in New York between 2000 and 2005 and then moved to Ottawa.

从上面几个例句可以看出，一般过去时只和过去有关，绝对不可能与现在的时间有任何牵连。这一点是非常重要的。

２、和一般现在时在条件、时间状语从句中代替一般将来时一样，一般过去时在这两个状语从句中代替过去将来时。例如：

They told me they would go to New Zealand for holiday when they received their salaries.

【过去进行时】

1、表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段中正在进行中的动作，例如：

My parents were cleaning my room when I came home last night.

She was working as a nurse in a clinic when I last met her.

The car was rushing east to west when it ran into a street lamp pole.

2、瞬间动词如go, come, start, leave, arrive, die等的过去进行时可以表示在过去看来马上要发生的动作。例如：

--- Jack, dinner is ready.

--- I’m coming.

I thought the dog was dying.

They sent me a message saying that they were leaving.

【现在完成时】

1、表示一个过去发生的动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。例如：

I have painted all the rooms.

They have lived here for three generations.

The three brothers have used up all their money.

2、表示过去发生的动作对现在的结果或影响。例如：

I have returned the books to the library. So you have to go there for them.

She have lost her keys and has to wait for her husband to come back.

从上面的讲解可以看出，现在完成时的要素有两个：第一，如果涉及的动词是延续性的，它的发生活存在应该延续到现在才刚刚结束或还没有结束；第二，如果所涉及的动词是瞬间性的，题目中必须注明这个动作的发生对现在造成的影响。总而言之，现在完成时的动词必须以某种方式与现在的时间发生联系。

【过去完成时】

过去完成时所表示的时间成为“过去的过去”。重要的一点是我们必须明白过去完成时是一个相对的时态，只是同过去的某一动作相比较时，才能使用这一时态。其基本用法如下：

1.表示在过去某一点时间以前或在过去某一动作以前已经完成的动作。这个过去的时间可以用by, before等介

词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示。例如：

The boy had learned 5000 words before he entered university.

The fire had been put out by the time firefighters arrived.

My wife had sold my books when I came back for them.

2.表示从过去某一时间开始的动作或状态，一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常和由for, since构成的时间状语

连用。例如：

They had worked on the project for three months when I joined them.

3.在叙述去发生的事情时，常用过去完成时来追叙更早发生的事。例如：

Bill was fire for no reason last week. He had worked in the company for 10 years.

【考点一、一般过去时与现在完成时得区别问题】

这两个时态的动作都发生在过去，但现在完成时着重说明的是这个过去发生的动作同现在的关系、对现在产生的结果或影响等，所以，它不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；而一般过去时只着重说明这个动作是在过去某时发生的，并不表示这个过去的动作同现在的关系，更谈不上什么结果和影响，所以，它可以和表示过去时间的状语连用。例如：

(1) I lived in Beijing for five years between 1991 and 1996.

(2) I have lived in Beijing for 5 years so far.

[典型例题1] --- Nice to see you back! How long _____ you _____ in Russia?

--- 4 months.

A. did; stay

B. have; stayed

C. have; been staying

D. do; stay

［典型例题2］--- Have you graduated from Beijing University?

--- Yes. I ______ there for 4 years.

A. have studied

B. studied

C. had studied

D. have been studying

【考点二、一般过去时与过去完成时的区别问题】

这两个时态都和现在没有关系，都表示过去的动作。但一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作；而过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间，更早发生的动作。即过去完成时至少涉及两个动作。以下几个例句均是过去完成时的典型句例。

When I got to the party, many of them had left for home.

When he was ready to hand in his test paper, the teacher had left.

The tickets for the fashion show had been sold out before I heard about it.

[典型例题1] --- Was Tom there when you arrived?

--- Yes, but he ______ home soon afterwards.

A. had gone

B. has gone

C. is going

D. went

[典型例题2] The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver ____ really careless.

A. had been

B. is

C. were

D. was

[典型例题3] --- The returned Chinese scholar has become one of the top experts in this field.

--- Yes. I know him very well. He _____ in Africa with wild animals for eight years.

A. has worked

B. had worked

C. worked

D. has been working

【考点三、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别问题】

尽管二者所表示的动作都发生在过去，但一般过去时着重强调汇报过去做过什么事情，是有结果的。而过去进行时仅表示过去某一点时间上，一个动作正在进行，有什么样的结果不得而知。例如：Tyson wrote three letters last night. (表示太森写了三封信，暗指都已写完。)

Tyson was writing a letter last night. (表示我只是见他写信来着，其他就不知道了。)

[典型例题1] The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when he saw it.

A. was traveling

B. traveled

C. had been traveling

D. was to travel

[典型例题2] --- Has your brother finished with that book?

--- I have no idea. He ______ it last night.

A. read

B. was reading

C. have read

D. had been read

【考点四、现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别问题】

have done与have been doing看起来差不多，其实，他们的侧重点不一样。现在完成时侧重指已有的结果或已有的影响；而现在完成进行时则强调过程。例如：

I have repaired your car.（强调你的车修好了，你可以开走了。）

I have been repairing your car.(强调我一直在给你修车，所以很累或没做其他事。)

[典型例题]--- You haven’t finished your homework yet, haven’t you?

--- No, I ______ it the whole morning.

A. have been doing

B. have done

C. had done

D. did

【考点五、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别问题】

尽管两个时态所表示的动作都发生在现在，但是一般现在时强调的是一种“常态”，一种没有时间阶段特征的、稳定的状态。而现在进行时则表示的是现在所处的状态，不能保证过去是否这样，也不能保证以后怎样，有明显的阶段性。例如：

I work in New York. 我在纽约工作。（表示我的固定工作地点就是纽约。）

I am working in New York. 我正在纽约工作。（表示这一段时间，我在纽约上班。可能听话人知道说话人以前并不在那里工作。而说话人本人对以后的工作地点也没有把握。）

[典型例题1] I ____ ping-pang quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.

A. played

B. will play

C. have played

D. play

[典型例题2] --- Your son looks too thin for his age.

--- He could have gained more weight. But he _____ much.

A. isn’t eating

B. doesn’t eat

C. haven’t eaten

D. hadn’t eaten

【考点六、如何选择适当的形式表示将来的问题】

这里有点儿乱。能表示将来概念的形式比较多。能排上号的就有6种。它们是：

①will/shall do…

②be going to do…

③be about to do… when…

④be doing…

⑤does…

⑥be to do…

简单说来，①号是最普通、最常用的将来时，没有附加的东西；②号多用来表示“执行已经制定的计划”；③号表示“刚刚要做什么，突然…”，所以经常和表示突然性的when连用；④号现在进行时表将来和②号差不多，表示执行计划，只是给人一种很近的感觉；⑤号一般现在时表将来的使用限制比较多。⑥号是高中新学的一个时态形式，它除了能像②号那样表示执行计划，还有三个情态功能是其他五种形式所没有的：

一、它可以表示“转述别人的命令”。例如：

All the contestants are to stay seated until your papers have been collected.

You two are to have dinner in the main dinning hall with others.

二、它可以表示当事人当时也不知情的但后来还是发生了的将来。例如：

His special manner of acting was to become world famous.

No one knew what place our products were to hold in the market in ten years.

三、它用于条件分句中，表示“想．．．”或“欲…”。例如：

If the flowers are to live through winter, they have to be put into a green house.

【考点七、主动形式表被动意义的问题】

一般说来，我们能在考题中遇到的有下面几种主动形式表被动意义的现象：

1、表示状态特征的系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear构成的系表结构。例如：

Your excuse sounds good but it can’t be true.

Jack proved a good tour guide during the long journey.

The soup smells perfect but tastes terrible.

2、表示主语某种属性、特征的动词如read, write, sell, act, wash, clean, wear, open, lock, shut, dry等。例如：

Shakespeare’s books sell well. 莎士比亚的书卖的很不错。

This kind of material washes easily, so it saves much water. 这种布料很容易洗，所以能节约不少水。

Don’t waste your time. The door doesn’t lock at all. 别浪费时间了，这门根本锁不上。

3、Need, want, require＋doing＝to be done. 例如：

Your desk needs tidying. 你的课桌该整理了。

This kind of flowers requires watering every morning. 这种花需要每天早晨浇。

4、be worth＋doing表示被动意义。例如：

This movie is well worth seeing a second time. 这部电影很值得再看一遍。

Your proposal is worth considering. 你的提议值得考虑。

5、不定式的主动式表被动。例如：

I have lots of work to do this week.

Have you got anything to say at the meeting?

This question is easy to work out.

English is hard to learn.

6、有两个特殊的单词，blame, let，由于历史遗留问题，它们两个经常不用被动形式。例如：

Your husband is to blame for your spoiled child. 你们的孩子被宠坏了，你丈夫难辞其咎。

The house is to let not for sale. 这房子是出租的，不卖。

巩固练习

一、【夯实基础】

1. —Is this raincoat yours?

—No, mine ______ over there behind the door.

A. is hanging

B. has hung

C. hangs

D. hung

2. I first met Lisa three years ago. She ______ at a radio shop at the time.

A. has worked

B. was working

C. had been working

D. had worked

3. ---Who is Jerry Cooper?

--- ______ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.

A. Don't you meet him yet

B. Hadn't you met him yet

C. Didn't you meet him yet

D. Haven't you met him yet

4. ---Can I help you, sir?

---Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it ______ .

A. didn't work

B. won't work

C. can't work

D. doesn't work

5. Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ______ home.

A. has left; comes

B. left; had come

C. had left; came

D. had left;would come

6. --- ______ my glasses?

--- Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.

A. Do you see

B. Had you seen

C. Would you see

D. Have you seen

7. --- Oh, it's you! I ______ you.

--- I've just had my hair cut, and I'm wearing new glasses.

A. didn't recognize

B. hadn't recognized

C. haven't recognized

D. don't recognize

8. You don't need to describe her. I ______ her several times.

A. had met

B. have met

C. met

D. meet

9. I don't think Jim saw me. He ______ into space.

A. just stared

B. was just staring

C. has just stared

D. had just stared

10. As she ______ the newspaper, Granny ______ asleep.

A. read; was falling

B. was reading; fell

C. was reading; was falling

D. read; fell

11. --- ______ the sports meet might be put off.

--- Yes, it all depends on the weather.

A. I've been told

B. I've told

C. I'm told

D. I told

12. --- I am sorry to keep you waiting.

--- Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes.

A. have been

B. had been

C. was

D. will be

13. I don't really work here; I ______ until the new secretary arrives.

A. just help out

B. have just helped out

C. am just helping out

D. will just help out

14. --- Can I join your club, Dad?

--- You can when you ______ a bit older.

A. get

B. will get

C. are getting

D. will have go

15. --- How long ______ each other before ______ they married?

--- For about a year.

A. have they known; get

B. did they know; are going to get

C. do they know; are going to get

D. had they known; got

16. His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he ______ .

A. had long been expected

B. had long expected

C. has long expected

D. was long expected

17. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ______ office soon.

A. leaves

B. would leave

C. left

D. had left

18. My dictionary ______. I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it.

A. has lost; don't find

B. is missing; don't find

C. has lost; haven't found

D. is missing; haven't fond

19. --- We could have walked to the station; it was so near.

--- Yes, a taxi ______ at all necessary.

A. wasn't

B. hadn't been

C. would be

D. won't be

20. --- Do you know our town at all?

--- No, this is the first time I ______ here.

A. was

B. am going

C. came

D. have been

2013年高考英语试卷分类汇编之动词时态语态类单选

1. 2013年高考英语【安徽卷】24. I’m calling about the apartment you ______ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?

A. advertised

B. had advertised

C. are advertising

D. will advertise

2. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】2

3. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years.

A. had been made .

B. was made

C. has been made

D. would be made

3. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】25. --- Do you think Mom and Dad ______ late?

--- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.

A. were

B. will be

C. would be

D. have been

4. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl ______ us.

A. expect

B. are expecting

C. have expected

D. will expect

5. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】32. --- So what is the procedure?

--- All the applicants ______ before a final decision is made by the authority.

A. interview

B. are interviewing

C. are interviewed

D. are being interviewed

6. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】23. The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening

ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.

A. were invited

B. was invited

C. have been invited

D. has been invited

7. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】26. The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ badminton classes twice a week

over the last three years.

A. took

B. is taking

C. takes

D. has been taking

8. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】22．“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh，I________ president，”said the boy, with a smile.

A．have been B．am C．was D．will be

9. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】24．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.

A．bothers B．had bothered C．would bother D．bothered

10. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】26．If nothing ________，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

A．does B．had been done C．will do D．is done

11. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】27．—Have you heard about the recent election?

—Sure, it ________the only thing on the news for the last three days.

A．would be B．is C．has been D．will be

12. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】34．—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday aftermoon.

—I'm so sorry, But I ________ my homework.

A．had done B．was doing C．would do D．am doing

13. 2013年高考英语【江苏卷】21. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______

essential to their development.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

14. 2013年高考英语【江苏卷】25. —Could I use your car tomorrow morning?

—Sure. I ______ a report at home.

A. will be writing

B. will have written

C. have written

D. have been writing

15. 2013年高考英语【江苏卷】27. “Never for a second,” the boy says, “______ that my father would come to my rescue.”

A. I doubted

B. do I doubt

C. I have doubted

D. did I doubt

16. 2013年高考英语【江苏卷】234. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday?

—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride.

A. had

B. have

C. would have

D. have had

17. 2013年高考英语【江西卷】35. I ________ to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.

A. come

B. came

C. am coming

D. was coming

18. 2013年高考英语【辽宁卷】22. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _____ it for a very long time.

A. has had

B. had had

C. has

D. had

19. 2013年高考英语【辽宁卷】26. At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.

A. they actually broke

B. do they actually break

C. did they actually break

D. they had actually broken

20. 2013年高考英语【辽宁卷】30. We are confident that the environment ______ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.

A. had been improved

B. will be improved

C. is improved

D. was improved

21. 2013年高考英语【山东卷】24. I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it _____ pretty good.

A. has been

B. was

C. had been

D. would

22. 2013年高考英语【山东卷】27. --- Oh no! We’re too late. The train _____.

----That’s OK. We’ll catch the next train to London.

A. was leaving

B. had left

C. has left

D. has been leaving

23. 2013年高考英语【陕西卷】11. On Monday mornings it usually ______ me an hours to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.

A. takes

B. is taking

C. took

D. will take

24. 2013年高考英语【陕西卷】17. Jim ______ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene,

the television went blank.

A. watched

B. had watched

C. was watching

D. would be watching

25. 2013年高考英语【上海卷】27. Bob called to tell his mother t hat he couldn’t enter the house, for he ______ his key at school.

A. had left

B. would leave

C. was leaving

D. has left

26. 2013年高考英语【上海卷】29. The school board is made up of parents who ______ to make decisions about school affairs.

A. had been elected

B. had elected

C. have been elected

D. have elected

27. 2013年高考英语【四川卷】3. Hurry up, kids! The school bus ________ for us!

A. waits

B. was waiting

C. waited

D. is waiting

28. 2013年高考英语【天津卷】13. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _____ one of

the

main pipes.

A. had repaired

B. have repaired

C. repaired

D. are repairing

29. 2013年高考英语【新课标II卷】7. We ______ very early so we packed the night before.

A. leave

B. had left

C. were leaving

D. have left

30. 2013年高考英语【新课标I卷】24. If we _________ now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it.

A. hadn’t acted

B. haven’t acted

C. don’t act

D. won’t act

31. 2013年高考英语【新课标I卷】27. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ________ my mind.

A. have changed

B. change

C. had changed

D. would change

32. 2013年高考英语【浙江卷】10. During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness

programs ______ sharply.

A was increasing B. has increased C. had increased D. will be increasing

33. 2013年高考英语【重庆卷】21. I felt very tired when I got home, and I ______ straight to bed.

A. go

B. went

C. had gone

D. have gone

32. 2013年高考英语【重庆卷】33. A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then

tours throughout Scotland.

A. opens

B. is opened

C. will open

D. will be opened

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高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998

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近五年高考英语动词时态和语态

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(完整)高考英语动词时态和语态练习题(2)

动词时态和语态练习题 1. We _____ with you for the time being. A. will stay B. will be staying C. would stay D. have stayed 2. —Who sings best in your class? —Mary _____. A. is B. does C. do D. sing 3. She _____ her pen in her room now. A. finds B. is finding C. looks for D. is looking for 4. What _____ you _____ tomorrow morning? A. are/going to do B. are/doing C. are/done D. have/done 5. It was not long before the water _____ cold. A. is feeling B. feels C. felt D. was feeling 6. I _____ as soon as you come back. A. went B. have gone C. am going D. shall go 7. The scientist _____ Canada and he will give us a talk when he _____ back. A. has gone to/comes B. has been to/will come C. has gone to/will come D. has been to/comes 8. He found his book this morning, but now he _____ his pen. A. loses B. is missing C. has lost D. lost 9. She ___?_ to her hometown several times. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. is going 10. It _____ Jane and Mary who helped me the other day. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. I _____ to bed when the telephone rang. A. have been B. went C. am going D. was going 12. Jane _____ some washing this time yesterday. A. is doing B. had done C. was doing D. did 13. When I got to the school, the first class _____. A. had begun B. began C. is beginning D. has begun 14. Mother promised she _____ me an English-Chinese dictionary.

高考英语时态语态真题

高考英语时态语态真题及练习一 [2019一般现在时真题再现] 1. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion unless he wants their support. 2. Learning to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. [一般现在时典例] 1. Christmas ________ (fall) on December 25". 2.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_____(take )off at 9:00. 3. This cycle _____ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. 4.On Monday mornings it usually ____(take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. 5.Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who _____ (wear) evening dress. 6.It is important to remember that success ____(be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often _____(take) years to achieve.