非谓语总结
高考语法复习六、非谓语动词
意义：非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能(主宾表定状补）的动词。
→ 样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。
深刻理解：英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构(一个谓语动词)，如果想出现更多动词：
?加并列连词（and / but / so…）?放入各种从句
?变为非谓语动词
_______ (turn) to the left and you will find the post office.
If you _______(turn) to the left, you will find the post office. _________(turn) to the left, you will find the post office.
非谓语动词的三个基本形式：
一、不定式：
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。（一）不定式做主语：一般表示具体的某次动作。
To finish the building in a month _______ difficult. (be)
注意: 1. 不定式作主语时,谓语用______数.
2. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，
而将不定式放到后面作真实主语.
常用于下列结构中：
(1) It is/was +adj.+for sb.+ to do sth
此类形容词用来说明事：easy / difficult / hard / probable/possible / right / wrong / unnecessary/important (2) It is/was +adj.+of sb. + to do sth
此类形容词用来形容人的品质特征：
good/kind/nice/bad/clever/wise//silly/stupid/foolish/ honest
(3) It is +a +名词+(for sb) + to do sth
a pity / a pleasure / one’s duty / an honor / a shame
(4) It takes (sb.) … + to do sth
完成句子：
It’s kind___________________________。你帮我是好的。It’s silly ______________________________________.
学生考试作弊是愚蠢的。
It is important____________________________________.
对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
It’s an honor_____________________________________.
参加这样重要的会议我们对我们是一件荣誉的事。
It takes us two hours_______________________________.
从这乘飞机到巴黎用我们两个小时的时间。
（二）不定式做表语：一般表示具体的某次动作。
My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
完成句子：
Our plan is ___________________for the peasants’ children.
我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。
（三）不定式作宾语
直接加不定式结构作宾语的动词有：口诀
想要学习早打算（want、learn 、plan）
快准备有希望（prepare 、hope、wish、expect）
同意否供选择（agree、offer、choose）
决定了已许诺（decide、promise）
尽力去设法做（try、manage）
别拒绝别假装（refuse、pretend）
下定决心失败不属于你（determine、fail）
Tom refused ___________ me his pen. (lend)
We hope ___________ there before dark. (get)
注意：不定式在一些主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，不定式放在补足语之后作真实的宾语。如：Do you think it better to translate it in this way?
I feel it my duty to serve the people heart and soul.
汉译英：
All of us think ___________________________________.
大家认为学好英语很重要。
I feel ___________________________________________.
我觉得被邀请在会上演讲是一件很光荣的事情。
（四）不定式做宾语补足语
I would like you_______________ me. (help)
注意:
1.下列动词(短语)常跟带to的不定式作宾补：get, remind,
want, wish, ask, tell, order, order , beg, advise, persuade,
invite, force, call on, wait for, count on, rely on, depend
on, would like等。
We can’t force Jim _________ us the necessary help. (give) 2. 如果谓语动词为感官动词或使役动词，在主动语态中
作宾补的不定式不带to，这些动词有一感、两听、三让、五看、半帮助。
但如果句子是被动语态，则to不可省略。（还原）
The teacher made him ______ the windows as a punishment. He was made ___________ the windows as a punishment. (clean)
Though he often __________________, today he was made_________ by his little sister.
尽管他经常弄哭他的妹妹，但今天他被妹妹弄哭了。
3.allow, permit, advise, consider, forbid, 等直接跟doing
作宾语; 也可跟不定式做宾补。
We don’t allow ____________ here. (smoke)
区别：We don’t allow people _____________ here.
= People are not allowed ____________ here.
（五）动词不定式做定语（一般放在名词后）
1. 序数词、形容词最高级或被only, last, next等词修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语。
He is always _____________________________________.
他总是第一个来最后一个离开。
He was the best man _________ the job. (do)
2.还有一些名词经常带不定式作定语. 如：ability, time,
way, chance, courage, opportunity等。
We should have the courage _______ any difficulty. (face)
Do you have the ability _________? (read)
I have no chance _________ sightseeing. (go)
I knew the way __________ with the problem. (deal)
3.逻辑关系表示将要：
I have a lot of work ___________. (do)
（六）不定式做状语
1.表目的
_______________ the young plants from the sun, Mother put them in the shade. 为了保护幼苗不被太阳晒坏
He got up very early this morning _____________________. 今天早上他起身很早以免上学再迟到。
注意：不定式做目的状语放在句末时前面不用逗号。
2. 表结果
不定式结构表示结果常见于下列句型：
①so …as to …
Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?
②adj./adv. + enough to …
The boy is old enough to go to school.
③too … to …
His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.
④（only）to 出乎意料之外的结果
He arrived early only to find the school gate was closed.
完成句子：
The question is too .
对我来说，这个问题很难回答。
He said he was clever enough _____________ it by himself. 他说他足够聪明可以独自应付这件事。
Will you be _____ kind ___________________ the radio?
请你帮我把收音机调低一点好吗？
He woke up only _______________________in hospital.
他醒来发现自己躺在医院里。
3.不定式作形容词的状语，表原因
I’m glad _____________ you. (meet)
I’m anxious______________ the result. (know)
I’m sorry _______________ that. (hear)
▲不定式与疑问词连用。
who, what, which和when,where, how和whether + to do，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语。
例如：He didn’t know what to do next.
I haven’t decided whether to go to Japan.
How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the world .
完成句子：
_______________________ has not been decided.
什么时候出发还没有定。
The problem is __ .
问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。
Mary gave some advice on .
玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
I have no idea of ___ .
我不知道该怎么做。
变形：
He is said ______________ abroad next year. (study) The bridge ___________________ next year will be the longest. (complete)
He is said ______ abroad, but we don’t know where he went. He is said ___________ abroad now. (study)
练习：用动词的正确形式填空。
1. My mother told me __ _ (turn) on the lights.
2. Chinese would like _____ (make) friends.
3. They asked me __ __ (thank) your mother.
4. My father was glad __ (see) his old friends.
5. I am sorry ___ (hear) the bad news
6. He wants ___ (go) there with you.
7. It took him one hour _ (finish) his homework.
8. Will you go to the cinema _____ (see) a film?
9. He went to the library ___ (borrow) some books.
10.It took me two hours _ my maths exercises last week. (finish)
11. Let us make a contribution ___ (protect) our environment.
12. I often see her _____ (dance) in her room.
13. It is not polite _____ (talk) loudly in public.
14. Paul said, "Give me a chair _____________." (sit)
15. I ran too fast __________ where I was going. (notice)
16. That beggar seems ______ anything yesterday. (not eat)
17. The lost child desired nothing but ______ home. (go)
18. I was surprised__________him to eat so quickly. (watch)
19. Mr. White was seen _______ the Palace Museum. (enter)
20. Paul does nothing but ___________ all day long. (play)
21. I don't know her and I don't ______________ . (want)
22. We did not expect our offer ________ so quickly. (reject)
23. He went out of the supermarket _______ his bike was stolen. (find)
24. Would you please ________ leave the door open? (not)
25.She was the first woman _______ the Nobel Prize. (win)
26.You are not allowed ________ the room. (enter)
二、-ing
具有动词的性质，也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
（一）-ing作主语：（也叫动名词，表示一般行为）Smoking _____ harmful to our health. (be)
注意：1. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
2.为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语，真实主语-ing放在句末。一般就下面几个特殊句型：
It is no use \ useless ________ over spilt milk. (cry)
It is no good __________ with him. (argue)
It is no pleasure _________ cards all day. (play)
It's a waste of time _________ with him. (discuss)
(二) -ing作表语：
①表示主语的内容是什么。
如：Their job is building houses.
②形容词化, 形容事/物。
interesting，puzzling，surprising，encouraging.
The news is ______________. (excite)
(三) -ing作宾语：
①直接加-ing作宾语的动词有：
考虑建议盼原谅,
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon 承认推迟没得想. admit, delay/put off, imagine
避免错过继续练, avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise
否认完成光欣赏. deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate
禁止冒险才允许, forbid, risk, allow/permit
不禁介意去逃亡. can't help, mind, escape
We enjoy ____________ Miss Li\'s class. (attend)
Do you mind ___________ the window? (open) ②在有些句子中，介词可省去。如：
be busy (in) doing sth
have difficulty\trouble (in) doing sth
have a good\hard time / fun (in) doing sth
spend money\time (in) doing sth
waste money\time (in) doing sth
There is no difficulty (in) doing sth
There is no need / use (in) doing sth
There is no point (in) doing sth
③一些介词如in, on, after, before, by, for, without等后面可以加-ing（动名词）。
After ________ his work, he went to bed. (finish)
He finished the work without ______ to the dictionary.(refer) 注意：常见的带介词to的短语，后接-ing或名词。如：contribute to，get down to, lead to ,look forward to,
stick to, be used to , devote oneself to , pay attention to等。He got down to _________ his research. (do)
I’m looking forward to ________ your letter. (receive)
④下列动词既可跟不定式又可跟-ing的动词，区别：Please remember ________(bring)me the book I want.
I remember ______(see) her somewhere before.
Don't forget ________(write)to me soon.
I never forget ________(visit) them for the first time.
I regret _______(miss) that good film last week.
I regret ______(say) I can't take your advice.
I am sorry, I didn't mean _______(hurt)your feelings，Learning a language doesn't mean _______(work) in class.。After some time, they stopped _______(work)and had a rest. After walking some time, they stopped _______(have)a rest. He searched everywhere and tried _______(find) his key. John isn’t here. Try________ him. (phone)
Hearing the news, she ____________________.不禁大哭
I couldn’t help _________________________. 打扫教室
注意：want，need，require接动名词主动表示被动意义。The bike requires ______________(repair).
These young trees need _______________(look after).
（四）-ing作宾补：
① -ing作see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe,等动词的宾补。
I saw two dogs ___________ fiercely. (fight)
I saw the child _____________ by his father. (beat)
注意：-ing作宾补表示正在进行的动作；
不定式表示动作的全过程或动作的结束。
________________________________________________ 我看到一个男孩正在沙滩玩。
________________________________________________
我看到一个男孩穿过了马路。
③–ing作have, get, leave, keep, catch, find 的宾补
表示一直进行的动作。
The farmers had the tractors _______ all night long. (work) Don’t leave the boy __________ at the gate. (wait)
He is caught _____________ in the exam. (cheat)
( 五) -ing作定语：
①单个的-ing作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如：
___________ room 阅览室___________ pool 游泳池the ____________ news令人振奋的消息
a ____________ speech令人乏味的演讲
②-ing短语作定语放在修饰的名词后面,表示主动或进行，
可以用定语从句替换。如：
Who is the student ________________________________?
站在门边的学生是谁？
（六）-ing作状语：
① -ing作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。如：
_______ the news, he couldn’t help crying. (hear)
While , he nodded from time to time. (read) ② -ing作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：
_______ ill, he couldn’t go to school. (be)
_________________________,he asked the teacher for help. 因为不知道如何解这道难题，他求助老师。
③–ing作结果状语，相当于一个并列句。如：
He hit a parked car, __________ his leg. (break)
His father died, ___________________________________. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She threw the toy on the ground, ______________________. 她把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。
④ -ing也可作条件状，相当于一个条件状语从句。如：______ left, you will find the path leading to the park. (turn) ⑤ -ing作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个伴随的动作，相当于一个并列句。“You can’t catch me.” Jane shouted, _______ away. (run) They sat in the garden, ________ about the days they spent together. (think)
They sat in front of the house, . (chat)
⑥–ing作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。
__________ many times, he still repeated the mistake. (tell)
注意：-ing作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。判断：Finished, we began our holiday.
Permitting, we are going to visit you.
补充：高中阶段一些固定的-ing短语，如：
generally speaking, judging from…, considering…, supposing…，providing，concerning等，不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分作状语。
_________________________, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。
________________, we decided to let him attend the concert for free. 考虑到他很穷，我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
三、过去分词done
表示一个被动或完成的动作, 在句中可用作定语、表语、宾补或状语，但不作主语或宾语。
（一）作定语：
①单个的过去分词作定语时，位于其修饰的名词之前，如the stolen car, qualified teachers,the excited people
②过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如：
We have read many novels ________ by this author. (write) What's the language _______ in Germany? (spoke)
Prices of goods ________ through a computer can be less than store prices. (buy)
The student ________ in white is my daughter. (dress)
The books, by Luxun, are popular with many Chinese people. (write)
（二）作表语：
1. 过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，表示主语状态。
I am ________ with what he has done. (please)
I am deeply ________ by his heroic deeds. (move)
He is quite the design of the dress. (satisfy)
注意：过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词：crowded, devoted, discouraged, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, interested, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, astonished, broken, advanced, balanced等。
（三）作宾补：
1.过去分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等词后作宾语的补语，与宾语构成被动的逻辑关系。
When will you have your teeth ___________? (examine) When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself . (hear)
One of the glasses was found ___ . (break)
I had my bike ___________ yesterday. (repair)
（四）作状语：过去分词作状语时，也可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等, 与主句主语构成被动关系。
①表时间, 相当于一个时间状语从句。
________ from the top of the mountain, the city looked like a big garden. (see)
When _______ help, one often says “Thank you.”
②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
_________ by the speech, the young man made up his minds to work hard. (encourage) ③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。
_________ him another chance, he will do better. (give)
__________ with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English. (compare)
If _________, water can be turned into steam. (heat)
④表让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。
_________ at by others, he continued his study. (laugh)
⑤表伴随，相当于一个并列句。
The old man went into the room, by his wife. (support)
The professor came into the classroom, _________by a group of students. (follow)
补充：with复合结构
with+宾语+宾补，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、形容词、、副词、过去分词、现在分词、动词不定式。
1）With+宾语+介词短语
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2）with+宾语+形容词/副词
He went to bed with the door open.
He left the room with the light on.
3）with+宾语+ 非谓done（宾语与宾补之间是被动关系）All the afternoon he worked with the door _______. (lock) He came in with his hands ______ back. (tie)
4）with+宾语+非谓-ing（宾语与宾补是主动/进行关系）With winter _______，it's time to buy warm clothes. (come) We found the house with the boy ________ us. (lead)
5）with+宾语+非谓to do（有“将来”的含义）
I can't go out with all these dishes ___________. (wash)
I can’t play with you with so many work _________. (do)
练习1：请选择最佳答案
1）With nothing ____ to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A. leaving
B. left
C. leave
D. to leave
2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes ____ on the wall.
A. fixing
B. fixed
C. to be fixing
D. to be fixed 3）I live in the house with its door_________ to the south.
A. facing
B. faces
C. faced
D. being faced
4）They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights _____.
A. burn
B. burnt
C. burning
D. to burn
总结：非谓语解题技巧:
(一)判断给出的动词是作________还是_________.
(二)若是非谓语，判断是用哪种基本形式：
___________, ____________, ____________. (三)根据题目的语意及语境，考虑该形式的________.
深刻理解：非谓语动词对比练习:
1.(1)Smoking means ______ yourself with your own hands．
A. to kill
B. killed
C. killing
D. kill
(2)I’m sorry，but I didn’t mean ______ you．
A. to hurt
B. hurt
C. hurting
D. having hurt
2. (1)I regret ____ you that you didn’t pass the exam.
⑵I don’t regret _____ her what I thought even if it might have upset her.
A. to tell
B. to telling
C. having told
D. tell
3. ⑴We don’t allow _____ in the reading room.
⑵We don’t allow them _____ in the reading room.
A.to smoke
B. smoking
C. smoke
D.smoked
4.(1)Would you mind my _____ her to the party?
(2)Would you mind not ____to the party?
A. inviting
B. to be invited
C. being invited
D. invited
5. (1)This is an important letter. Don't forget ____ it this afternoon.
(2)Don't look for the letter. You must have forgotten____ it this afternoon..
A. to post
B. posted
C. posting
D. post
6. The flower needs ______ right now.
A. water
B. watering
C. to water
D. being watered
7. ⑴ I can’t help ____ when I hear that terrible noise.
A. crying
B. cried
C. cry
D. being cried
⑵I can’t help ____ the room, for I am very busy now.
A. clean
B. cleaning
C. have clean
D. cleaned
8.(1)______ hard and you’ll make rapid progress in your English learning.
⑵______ hard, you’ll make rapid progress in your English learning.
A. Working
B.To work
C. Work
D. Worked
9. ⑴_____from the tower, our Tianjin city looks more beautiful.
⑵____ from the tower, we can see our beautiful Tianjin city .
A. Seeing
B. Seen
C. To see
D.Having seen
10.⑴The sport meet _____ next week is of great importance.
⑵The sports meet ______ now is very important
⑶The sports meet ____ last week is of great importance.
A. holding
B. being held
C. to be held
D. held
11.⑴He raised his voice in order to make us ___ him.
⑵He raised his voice in order to make himself _____. A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to be heard
12.(1)He stood there with his eyes _______ on his mother．
(2)He stood there _______his eyes on his mother．
A. fixing
B. fixed
C.fix
D.to fix
13. ⑴Most of us went to see her, ____ some girls.
⑵Most of us went to see her, some girls ____.
A. include
B. including
C. included
D. to include
14.⑴He was surprised to see some villagers ____ there.
⑵To his surprise, he saw some villagers _____ themselves.
A. seat
B. seated
C. seating
D. to seat
15.⑴The man _____ Zhaosan used to live here.
⑵The man ____ himself Zhaosan used to lived here.
A. called
B. calling
C. to call
D. call
16.⑴He had no choice but ____ at the bus-stop in the rain.
⑵He had nothing to do but ____ at the bus-stop in the rain.
A. to wait
B. waiting
C. wait
D. should wait
17. ⑴The book is used in English ________ countries.
⑵To improve his ____ English, he practices speaking every day.
A. spoken
B. speaking
C. to speak
D. spoke
18.(1)He often see them _____ football on the playground.
⑵The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river.
A. playing
B. played
C. play
D. to play
19.⑴Soon he has got used to _____ in such a climate.
⑵He used to ____ in such a climate when he was young.
A.living
B. lived
C. having lived
D. live
20.(1) Mr Li is said ______ abroad? but I don’t know which country he studied in．
(2) Mr Li is said ______ abroad? but I don’t know which country he is studying in．
A. to study
B. to have studied
C. to be studying
21.⑴He did what he could _____ down the weeping woman.
⑵He said he could _____ down the weeping woman.
A. to calm
B. calm
C. calming
D. calmed
22.(1)I insist that you ______ me my money back．
(2)I insisted on your __________me my money back．
A. give
B. to give
C. giving
D. would give
23.(1)I don't enjoy _____ fun of others.
(2)I don't enjoy _____ fun of by others.
A. to make
B. to be made
C. making
D. being made
24.(1)If time _____, I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.
(2)Time ____, I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.
A. permitted
B. permits
C. permitting
D. Permit
25. ⑴_____ , we went for a swim in the river.
⑵_____, so we went for a swim in the river.
A. It being hot
B. As it hot D. It was hot
初中非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词） 【考点概述】 非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性，但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的，在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的，在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。 【考点释义】 考点一：不定式 （1）构成：to+动词原形（do）如： I like to swim. 注意：不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类，但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如：I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。 （2）句法功能： 1. 作主语 在英语中为了避免头重脚轻，当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”，将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如： ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。 【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下： 当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”，反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.（不成立） 由于不能构成主谓关系，所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系，所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语 当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。（表想，希望） ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。（表打算，决定）【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下： want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补 当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系，宾补成立的条件唯此一条。 接不定式作宾补的动词有：“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、
非谓语用法比较总结
非谓语总结 一.分词 1.表语 1.The window is broken. 2.I’m surprised to hear that. 3.This book is interesting. 4.He is swimming 总结:现在分词表示主语的性质或正在进行的动作 过去分词表示主语所处于的状态 2.定语 falling leaves------fallen leaves boiling water------boiled water 区别：现在分词表示正在进行的动作， 过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 总结: 动名词表示所修饰名词的用途=n+for+doing 现在分词表示所修饰名词的性质和正在进行 的动作 不定式放于所修饰名词后表示将进行的动作。=定语从句 过去分词表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态 1.a walking stick=a stick for walking 2.a falling leave=a leave which is falling 3.an interesting story=a story which is interesting 4.Is there anyone to go with me?=Is there anyone who will go with me? 5.a lost boy=a boy who has been lost 6.a respected teacher=a teacher who is respected 3、宾语补足语：其前的谓语动词多是感官动词和使让动词 1.He had his arm broken. 2.He heard the door locked. 3.He kept water running.
初中英语非谓语动词专项训练案与归纳分类
初中英语分类练习 ——非谓语动词 Ⅰ. 填空 (A) 用括号中的动词适当形式填空 are so glad ________ (hear) the news. saw him ________ (cross) the road safely and ________ (run) away. can’t make him ________ (do) what you want. don’t know where ________ (meet) him. ] makes you ________ (th ink) I’m a farmer you see him ________ (go) upstairs is better ________ (put) your money in a bank. is difficult for the boy ________ (swim) across the river. let him ________ (go) early as he wanted ________ (meet) his uncle at the station. you help me ________ (move) the bed he doesn’t know, how ________ (use) the recorder, you’d better ________ (show) him. is the last one ________ (leave) the office every day. ） ’s bad manners ________ (shout) in public. boy is old enough ________ (dress) himself. is too ill ________ (go) to school. (B) 填入动名词的适当形式. you imagine yourself ______in a lonely island (stay) can't understand your ______at that poor child.(laugh) didn't mind _______overtime.(work) make a living, he tried _______, ________,and various other things, 《 but he had failed in all .(write; paint) are looking forward to Mary's________. (come) . was praised for _______ the life of the child.(save) ought to be praised instead of ______ (criticize). there any possibility of our ______the championship(win) came to the party without _______(invite) 10. Don’t keep me __________(wait) for a long time. 11. Knives are used for ______________(cut) things. ￥ 12. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days 13. The doctor was busy ____________(operate) on the boy at that time. 14. Stop ___________(talk) and listen to me carefully. 15. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us. 16. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like ___________(eat) anything. 17. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music. 18. Do you remember ___________(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday 19. We couldn’t help _________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
非谓语总结
非谓语总结 -标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
Unit 9非谓语动词总结 非谓语动词是高考的重点和热点，也是我们英语学习中所碰到的难点之一。非谓语动词分为三种形 式：不定式，V-ing分词（又分为现在分词和动名词）和过去分词。 一．基础知识 1.非谓语动词的语法功能 所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语（主语）补足语定语插入语（独立成分）V-ing形式 现在分词●●●● 动名词●●●● 不定式（to do）●●●●●● 过去分词（done）●●●● to tell you the truth(实话说)，needless to say(不用说)，to be honest/frank(老实说，坦白说)，to be more exact(更确切地说)，to make things worse (更糟的是)，not to mention…(更不用说)， Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking (一般说来 / 坦白说 / 粗略地说) 2.非谓语动词的变化形式 非谓语形式 构成 时态 语态 复合结构否定式主动被动 不定式一般式to do to be done for sb. to do sth. 或 of sb. to do sth. 在“to”前加not 或never 进行式to have done to have been done 完成式to be doing / 完成 进行式 to have been doing / 动名词一般式doing being done sb.或sb’s doing 作主语要用 sb’s doing 在前加not 特别注意复合结构 的否定式： sb’s not doing sb’s not having done 完成式having done having been done 现在 分词 与动名词变化形式相同在前加not 1.非谓语作表语的重点 ①不定式、动名词与分词作表语的区别。不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答 主语“是什么”；分词作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。 Our plan is to keep the affair secret.我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。 Their job is making wheelchairs for disabled people.他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。 The music they are playing sounds exciting.他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。 ②现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别。现在分词和过去分词作表语都是用于回答主语“怎么样”的。现在 分词说明主语的特征，过去分词说明主语的状态。如： This dog is frightening.这条狗让人害怕。（说明狗的特征）
最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)
最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A．found B．finding C．having found D．to find 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。 2．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，path与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。 3．______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A．Having exposed B．Being exposed C．To expose D．Exposed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意：暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语，may influence是谓语，前面的部分应该是主语，be exposed to“暴露于”，要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。 4．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A．starting B．being started C．to start D．to be started 【答案】A 【解析】 选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。 第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的
史上最全的初中非谓语动词总结
非谓语动词总结 一．后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况 1.动词：finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；practice doing sth. 练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考虑做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事； keep doing sth.持续做某事 2.固定短语： feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴 3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等) 如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of 4.to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…； pay attention to doing注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为…做贡献 二．后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况 1.动词：agree to do同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide to do决定去做某事；hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失败去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做； refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do想要去做；want to do想要去做某事；learn to do 学做；prefer to do sth. 喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事；want/would like to do sth. 想做……；used to do sth. 过去常做某事 2.句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事 asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事） tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去（不要）做某事 follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事） be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事 be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事 be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 can’t wait to do st h. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）怎么样 It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
常见非谓语 动词最全总结(1)
必备英语常见非谓语动词最全总结 一、非谓语动词 1．I prefer the failure rather than my dream. A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up C. experiencing; giving up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我宁愿经历失败也不愿放弃我的梦想。空一，prefer to do rather than do宁愿做......而不愿做......，固定搭配，experience亲身经历、感受，动词，因此是to experience；空二，rather than+动词原形，意为“宁愿……而不愿……”，give up，放弃，故选B。 【点评】此题考查固定短语prefer to do rather than do。 2．My friend invited me ______ the Art Club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A.动词原形;B.动词不定式;C. 动词过去式;D.动词的ing形式。invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事。结合句意及结构，故选B。 3．To my surprise, Daniel's parents allowed him ___________ Shanghai Disneyland with me. A. to visit B. visiting C. visit D. visits 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我吃惊的的，戴尔的父母允许他和我去上海迪士尼乐园。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定短语，故选A。 【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语allow sb. to do sth。 4．My brother is a humorous young man. He often tells jokes to make us . A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥是应该幽默的年轻人，他经常讲笑话让我们笑。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式，应该是动词原形，故选B。 【点评】考查省略to的动词不定式。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事。 5．—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network? —Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever. A. download B. downloads C. to download D. downloading 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗？——对，5G将会让我
初中非谓语动词最全总结
初中非谓语动词最全总结 1、动词： finish doing sth、完成做某事；enjoy doing sth、喜欢做某事；practice doing sth、练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth、避免做某事；consider doing sth、考虑做某事；suggest doing sth、建议做某事；mind doing sth、介意做某事； keep doing sth、持续做某事 allow 允许resist抵抗miss错过advise建议stand(忍受)risk冒险forgive escape admit 2、固定短语： feel like doing sth、喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth、忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth、花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing或have a good/great time doing做某事高兴prevent…from d oing阻止be busy doing忙着做help sb with doingkeep on持续 put off推迟feel like想要 3、介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth、；thank you for doing sth、；give up doing sth、；stop sb、 from doing sth、；do well in doing sth、；be afraid of doing sth、；
高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)
高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 2．115．______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的，故选C。 3．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career. A．to thank B．thanking C．having thanked D．to have thanked 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。 考点：考查不定式 【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法，可以做宾语，定语，状语。还有不定式的不同形式：to do；to be doing；to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。 4．Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 主语/表语： 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？ 1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。 2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。 1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语： 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) , refuse等。 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing can’t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do（打算）/ doing（意味）be used to do / doing ( get used to doing)(used to do) 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动 定语： 不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。 分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。 不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Developing countries/ developed countries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, cause等。 Think, consider, believe, suppose, feel等后常用“to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People considered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。 ◆“吾看三室两厅一感觉”---5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）3使（make,
(完整版)非谓语的用法总结
非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。 一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现 时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如： When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致， 谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late（made him angry. 7being，构成动名词，做主语。如： . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习：
中考英语非谓语动词知识点汇总
中考英语非谓语动词知识点汇总 一、动词不定式 1.动词不定式作宾语。 1)在动词want ,hope,would like,decide,wish, choose,try ,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。 I hope ______(hear)from you soon . 2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep. 3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。 After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest . He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work). 2.动词不定式作宾语补。 1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth Please ask him _________(come) quickly. 2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth 注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to . He made the baby _______(stop) crying . The baby was made ______ _____ crying. 3.动词不定式作主语 1).动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。 To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n = It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sth
非谓语动词句型总结
非谓语动词中的有关句型（1）动名词作主语的句型 1）Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing isbelieving.眼见为实。 2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth. It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 It is a great fun playing football．打篮球很有趣。 It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。 3)It is + useless (nice, good，interesting,expensive等形容词)+ doing sth． It is useless speaking.光说没用。 It is nice seeing you again．真高兴又遇到了你。 It is good Playing chess after supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。 It is expensive running this car．开这种小车是浪费。 4)There is no + doing.．.(there is no?表“不可能”) There is no telling what he is going to do．说出他要干什么是不可能的。 There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。 5)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)+doing sth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性) There is no use crying over spilt milk．牛奶洒了，哭也无用。 6)have difficulty /trouble/problem + (in)+doing have作有解时，后接情感名词(in可省略)，再接动名词。这类词还有trouble, fun, a hard time, a good time. 例如：We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan．我们执行计划有困难。 7)feel like +?名词感觉像动名词?“?想要”?=would like to +原形动词 I feel like a newborn baby．我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。 Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗? I don't feel like studying tonight．今晚我不想读书。 8) spend/waste time doing sth. They spent a lot time (in) making preparations．他们花了许多时间作准备。 9)在require后只能用动名词，不能用不定式，尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。 This problem requires studying with great care．这个问题需要仔细研究。 10）cannot help doing sth.忍不住（做什么） I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser. (2)有关分词句型 1)在表示感觉和心里状态的动词see，hear，feel，smell，listen(to)，notice，observe，smell，watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词(人各等)，也可以是代词宾格(him，us等)。例如： She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising．她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。 I watched them rehearsing the play．我看他们排演戏。 I could feel the wind blowing on my face．我能感觉到风在我脸上吹过。 2)表示“致使”等意义的动词，如：catch，find，leave，give，have，get，set后也可跟上述(1)的结构，有时也可跟过去分词结构。例如：
非谓语动词用法归纳语法
一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受
worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.