高考英语新名词知识点专项训练及解析答案

高考英语新名词知识点专项训练及解析答案

一、选择题

1．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release

2．The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the

latest_______ in Shanghai in August.

A．exploration B．exclusion C．expansion D．explosion

3．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake.

A．edge B．course C．exit

4．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.

A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault

5．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars.

A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh

6．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message

7．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement 8．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.

A．lack B．guarantee C．remedy D．access

9．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States.

A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 10．Finding the ________ to this problem is no easy task .

A．relaxation B．imagination C．invention D．solution 11．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.

A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy

12．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.

A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 13．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.

A．access B．passage C．way D．approach

14．He wins the Nobel Prize for his outstanding _________to physics.

A．contribution B．conclusion C．addition D．explanation 15．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.

A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect 16．Modem TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth, who contributed a lot to the development of TV

A．platforms B．principles C．sources D．symptoms

17．This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.

A．outline B．output C．operation D．organ

18．A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,

according to the advertisement.

A．price B．profit C．reward D．salary

19．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.

A．sake B．lack

C．ignorance D．knock

20．It is clear that in modern society high ______ and demands are placed on students. A．motivations B．expectations C．standards D．opportunities 21．They are building the dam in _____ with another firm.

A．comparison B．association C．touch D．tune

22．Last month L.A．declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.

A．state B．condition C．situation D．circumstance 23．Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at two sessions.

A．agenda B．subject C．directory D．seminar 24．—Any ________ to how long I can keep the book?

—Yes. You must return it by next Tuesday.

A．limit B．time C．number D．length 25．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：从监狱释放差不多一年以后，他仍然睡不好。A. expedition远征；B. transformation改变；C. link连接；D. release释放。根据from prison, he was

still unable to sleep properly意可知，此处用“释放”符合句意，故选D项。

2．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶智能巴士已经在中国10个城市投入运营，最新的一次扩展是今年8月在上海。A. exploration探索，勘探；B. exclusion排外；C. expansion扩大，扩展；D. explosion爆炸。根据句意及选项，此处是说自动驾驶智能巴士最新一次投入使用是在上海。故选C。

3．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站在水边眺望湖对岸。A. edge边缘；B. course课程，过程；

C. exit出口。根据生活常识，是站在水边眺望，故选A。

4．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病，给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake错误；B. error错误；C. blame责备；D. fault缺点、毛病。find fault with sb是固定搭配，表示“挑某人毛病”，故D项正确。

5．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：很多科学家相信在火星上有生命迹象。A. signal信号；B. sign标语，迹象；C. mark标记；D. sigh叹气。火星上的生命是有迹象的。故选B。

6．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结合句意可知，此处用“说明”符合语境，故选A项。

7．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是她对医学研究的投入，帮助屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖。A.

supply提供；B. respect尊重；C. devotion奉献，投入；D. arrangement安排。根据Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize可知，屠呦呦对医学研究的投入了很多时间。故选C。

8．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们住在这个国家的一个落后地区，没有电，没有柏油路，也没有容易的安全饮用水接入。A. lack缺乏；B. guarantee保证；C. remedy补救；D. access 进入。根据上文with no electricity, paved roads可知，这个地区没有电，没有柏油路，也没有安全的饮用水。短语access to表示“进入，有权使用”，故选D。

9．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于你们那些已经收到荣誉、奖励和勋章的人，我要说，做得好。对于一般的学生，我要对你们说，你也可以成为美国的总统。A. distinctions勋章；B. contributions贡献；C. solutions解决方案；D. attractions吸引。根据honors, awards可知此处用“勋章”符合语境，故选A项。

10．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到这个问题的解决办法不是一件容易的事。A. relaxation放松；B. imagination想象力；C. invention发明；D. solution解决方法。根据后文to this problem可知是找到问题的“解决方法”。故选D。

11．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名战士，他有很强的纪律性。A. desire欲望；B. discipline纪律；C. force力量；D. privacy隐私。结合上文Being a soldier可知形容士兵应当是有很强的“纪律性”，故选B。

12．A

解析：A

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉；B. campaign运动；C. appetite胃口；D. occupation职业，占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知，reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。

13．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：该系统旨在让学生快速、方便地访问图书馆的数字资源。A. access使用/进入的机会；B. passage通道，走廊；C. way方法，道路；D. approach接近，靠近。短语easy access to意思为“容易访问，轻松接近，容易获得”。故选A项。14．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他因对物理学的突出贡献而获得了诺贝尔奖。A. contribution贡献；B. conclusion结论；C. addition增加，附加物；D. explanation解释。根据“He wins the Nobel Prize”可知，此处指对物理学的突出“贡献”。故选A项。

15．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管失败了很多次，他们仍然继续进行实验。A. method方法；

B. experiment实验；

C. warning警告；

D. effect效果。根据Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out可知，此处用“实验”符合句意，故选B项。

16．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代电视使用了最初由Farnsworth发现的许多原理，他对电视的发展做出了很大贡献。A. platforms平台；B. principles原则；C. sources来源；D. symptoms症状。根据句意可知，现代电视利用了由Farnsworth发现的原理，故选B。17．A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书给出了城堡历史的概述，以及大厅里陈列的艺术品的详细信息。A. outline大纲，概要；B. output输出；C. operation操作，手术；D. organ器官，机构。从主语book、形容词brief和反映的内容来看，应该指这本书的纲要内容。故选A 项。

18．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：据广告上说，能将布朗先生丢失的钱找回来的人将得到奖赏。

A. price价格；

B. profit利润；

C. reward奖赏；

D. salary工资。根据who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost以及结合生活常识，可知有人帮失主找回丢失的财物，应该是获得“奖赏”。故选C。

19．B

解析：B

【解析】

考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。

20．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生寄予了很高的期望和要求。A. motivations动机；B. expectations期待；C. standards标准；D. opportunities机会。通过句意可知，我们社会对孩子们寄予了更高的期待和要求。所以B项expectations(期待)满足句意。故此题选B。

21．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在与另一家公司联合修建大坝。A. (in) comparison (with)与…比较； B. (in) association (with)与…联合； C. (in) touch (with)同…有联系； D. (in)tune

(with)与…一致。根据句意可知，in association with意为“与…联合，协作”，故选B。22．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：上个月，洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态，当时对杀害黑人乔治弗洛伊德的抗议演变成了暴力行为。A.state 状态；B. condition 条件；C.situation 情况；

D.circumstance环境。a state of 表示状况，这里指洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态。故选A。23．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：脱贫攻坚是国家工作的重中之重，也是两会的重要议题。A. agenda议程；B. subject 科目；C. directory 目录；D. seminar讨论会。根据Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country此处指两会的“议程”是脱贫攻坚。故选A。

24．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：——我能借多长时间有限制吗？——是的。你必须在下星期二之前归还。A. limit限制；B. time时间；C. number 数字；D. length长度。结合后文的回答“You must return it by next Tuesday.”可知询问的是借书的时间有没有“限制（limit）”。故选A。

25．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：查尔斯·达尔文在他1859年出版的书中解释了地球上物种的起源。A. ancestor祖先；B. origin起源；C. belief信仰；D. custom习惯，风俗。结合句意可知答案为B。

2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳

2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳 1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。 Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in. 10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best. 11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。 Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如：Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another 用法：表示又一个，泛指，相当于one more的含义。 Note: 不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数词搭配，如：another 2 weeks. 13.answer 用法：及物动词，但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如：answer the phone/door. 14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do Note: be anxious about表示担心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。 15.appear 用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，没有被动语态。 Note: 还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，表示看起来……。 16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一个小地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。 Note: 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion. 17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。 18.asleep 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。 19.attend 用法：表示参加，后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词；也可以表示照顾，照料。 Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。 20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention Note: 写通知时的常用语：May I have your attention, please?

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1) 一、选择题 1．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library. A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 5．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 8．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 11．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States. A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China. A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands

高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

2.不规则变化

注意:1.fish的“数” ?

2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?

4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。

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